@article{NaetherAugerPoghossianetal.2004, author = {N{\"a}ther, Niko and Auger, V. and Poghossian, Arshak and Koudelka-Hep, M. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {A miniaturized flow-through cell in SU-8 technique for EIS sensors}, series = {Biomedizinische Technik. 49 (2004), H. 2}, journal = {Biomedizinische Technik. 49 (2004), H. 2}, isbn = {0932-4666}, pages = {994 -- 995}, year = {2004}, language = {en} } @article{MuschallikMolinnusJablonskietal.2020, author = {Muschallik, Lukas and Molinnus, Denise and Jablonski, Melanie and Kipp, Carina Ronja and Bongaerts, Johannes and Pohl, Martina and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Selmer, Thorsten and Siegert, Petra}, title = {Synthesis of α-hydroxy ketones and vicinal (R, R)-diols by Bacillus clausii DSM 8716ᵀ butanediol dehydrogenase}, series = {RSC Advances}, volume = {10}, journal = {RSC Advances}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {2046-2069}, doi = {10.1039/D0RA02066D}, pages = {12206 -- 12216}, year = {2020}, abstract = {α-hydroxy ketones (HK) and 1,2-diols are important building blocks for fine chemical synthesis. Here, we describe the R-selective 2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase from B. clausii DSM 8716ᵀ (BcBDH) that belongs to the metal-dependent medium chain dehydrogenases/reductases family (MDR) and catalyzes the selective asymmetric reduction of prochiral 1,2-diketones to the corresponding HK and, in some cases, the reduction of the same to the corresponding 1,2-diols. Aliphatic diketones, like 2,3-pentanedione, 2,3-hexanedione, 5-methyl-2,3-hexanedione, 3,4-hexanedione and 2,3-heptanedione are well transformed. In addition, surprisingly alkyl phenyl dicarbonyls, like 2-hydroxy-1-phenylpropan-1-one and phenylglyoxal are accepted, whereas their derivatives with two phenyl groups are not substrates. Supplementation of Mn²⁺ (1 mM) increases BcBDH's activity in biotransformations. Furthermore, the biocatalytic reduction of 5-methyl-2,3-hexanedione to mainly 5-methyl-3-hydroxy-2-hexanone with only small amounts of 5-methyl-2-hydroxy-3-hexanone within an enzyme membrane reactor is demonstrated.}, language = {en} } @article{MuschallikMolinnusBongaertsetal.2017, author = {Muschallik, Lukas and Molinnus, Denise and Bongaerts, Johannes and Pohl, Martina and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Siegert, Petra and Selmer, Thorsten}, title = {(R,R)-Butane-2,3-diol Dehydrogenase from Bacillus clausii DSM 8716T: Cloning and Expression of the bdhA-Gene, and Initial Characterization of Enzyme}, series = {Journal of Biotechnology}, volume = {258}, journal = {Journal of Biotechnology}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0168-1656}, doi = {10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.07.020}, pages = {41 -- 50}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The gene encoding a putative (R,R)-butane-2,3-diol dehydrogenase (bdhA) from Bacillus clausii DSM 8716T was isolated, sequenced and expressed in Escherichia coli. The amino acid sequence of the encoded protein is only distantly related to previously studied enzymes (identity 33-43\%) and exhibited some uncharted peculiarities. An N-terminally StrepII-tagged enzyme variant was purified and initially characterized. The isolated enzyme catalyzed the (R)-specific oxidation of (R,R)- and meso-butane-2,3-diol to (R)- and (S)-acetoin with specific activities of 12 U/mg and 23 U/mg, respectively. Likewise, racemic acetoin was reduced with a specific activity of up to 115 U/mg yielding a mixture of (R,R)- and meso-butane-2,3-diol, while the enzyme reduced butane-2,3-dione (Vmax 74 U/mg) solely to (R,R)-butane-2,3-diol via (R)-acetoin. For these reactions only activity with the co-substrates NADH/NAD+ was observed. The enzyme accepted a selection of vicinal diketones, α-hydroxy ketones and vicinal diols as alternative substrates. Although the physiological function of the enzyme in B. clausii remains elusive, the data presented herein clearly demonstrates that the encoded enzyme is a genuine (R,R)-butane-2,3-diol dehydrogenase with potential for applications in biocatalysis and sensor development.}, language = {en} } @article{MuschallikKippReckeretal.2020, author = {Muschallik, Lukas and Kipp, Carina Ronja and Recker, Inga and Bongaerts, Johannes and Pohl, Martina and Gelissen, Melanie and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Selmer, Thorsten and Siegert, Petra}, title = {Synthesis of α-hydroxy ketones and vicinal diols with the Bacillus licheniformis DSM 13T butane-2, 3-diol dehydrogenase}, series = {Journal of Biotechnology}, volume = {202}, journal = {Journal of Biotechnology}, number = {Vol. 324}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, isbn = {2590-1559}, doi = {10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.09.016}, pages = {61 -- 70}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The enantioselective synthesis of α-hydroxy ketones and vicinal diols is an intriguing field because of the broad applicability of these molecules. Although, butandiol dehydrogenases are known to play a key role in the production of 2,3-butandiol, their potential as biocatalysts is still not well studied. Here, we investigate the biocatalytic properties of the meso-butanediol dehydrogenase from Bacillus licheniformis DSM 13T (BlBDH). The encoding gene was cloned with an N-terminal StrepII-tag and recombinantly overexpressed in E. coli. BlBDH is highly active towards several non-physiological diketones and α-hydroxyketones with varying aliphatic chain lengths or even containing phenyl moieties. By adjusting the reaction parameters in biotransformations the formation of either the α-hydroxyketone intermediate or the diol can be controlled.}, language = {en} } @article{MuribTranCeunincketal.2012, author = {Murib, Mohammed S. and Tran, Anh Quang and Ceuninck, Ward de and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Nesladek, Milos and Serpeng{\"u}zel, Ali and Wagner, Patrick}, title = {Analysis of an optical biosensor based on elastic light scattering from diamond-, glass-, and sapphire microspheres}, series = {Physica Status Solidi A}, volume = {209}, journal = {Physica Status Solidi A}, number = {9}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1862-6319}, doi = {10.1002/pssa.201100795}, pages = {1804 -- 1810}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and protein recognition are now standard tools in biology. In addition, the special optical properties of microsphere resonators expressed by the high quality factor (Q-factor) of whispering gallery modes (WGMs) or morphology dependent resonances (MDRs) have attracted the attention of the biophotonic community. Microsphere-based biosensors are considered as powerful candidates to achieve label-free recognition of single molecules due to the high sensitivity of their WGMs. When the microsphere surface is modified with biomolecules, the effective refractive index and the effective size of the microsphere change resulting in a resonant wavelength shift. The transverse electric (TE) and the transverse magnetic (TM) elastic light scattering intensity of electromagnetic waves at 600 and 1400 nm are numerically calculated for DNA and unspecific binding of proteins to the microsphere surface. The effect of changing the optical properties was studied for diamond (refractive index 2.34), glass (refractive index 1.50), and sapphire (refractive index 1.75) microspheres with a 50 µm radius. The mode spacing, the linewidth of WGMs, and the shift of resonant wavelength due to the change in radius and refractive index, were analyzed by numerical simulations. Preliminary results of unspecific binding of biomolecules are presented. The calculated shift in WGMs can be used for biomolecules detection.}, language = {en} } @article{MuribYeapMartensetal.2015, author = {Murib, M. S. and Yeap, W. S. and Martens, D. and Liu, X. and Bienstman, P. and Fahlman, M. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Michiels, L. and Haenen, K. and Serpeng{\"u}zel, A. and Wagner, Patrick}, title = {Photonic studies on polymer-coated sapphire-spheres : a model system for biological ligands}, series = {Sensors and actuators A: Physical}, volume = {222}, journal = {Sensors and actuators A: Physical}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1873-3069 (E-Journal); 0924-4247 (Print)}, doi = {10.1016/j.sna.2014.11.024}, pages = {212 -- 219}, year = {2015}, abstract = {In this study we show an optical biosensor concept, based on elastic light scattering from sapphire microspheres. Transmitted and elastic scattering intensity of the microspheres (radius 500 μm, refractive index 1.77) on an optical fiber half coupler is analyzed at 1510 nm. The 0.43 nm angular mode spacing of the resonances is comparable to the angular mode spacing value estimated using the optical size of the microsphere. The spectral linewidths of the resonances are in the order of 0.01 nm, which corresponds to quality factors of approximately 105. A polydopamine layer is used as a functionalizing agent on sapphire microspherical resonators in view of biosensor implementation. The varying layer thickness on the microsphere is determined as a function of the resonance wavelength shift. It is shown that polymer functionalization has a minor effect on the quality factor. This is a promising step toward the development of an optical biosensor.}, language = {en} } @article{MuribYeapEurlingsetal.2016, author = {Murib, M. S. and Yeap, W. S. and Eurlings, Y. and Grinsven, B. van and Boyen, H.-G. and Conings, B. and Michiels, L. and Ameloot, M. and Carleer, R. and Warmer, J. and Kaul, P. and Haenen, K. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Ceuninck, W. de and Wagner, P.}, title = {Heat-transfer based characterization of DNA on synthetic sapphire chips}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical}, volume = {230}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical}, number = {230}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0925-4005}, doi = {10.1016/j.snb.2016.02.027}, pages = {260 -- 271}, year = {2016}, abstract = {In this study, we show that synthetic sapphire (Al₂O₃), an established implant material, can also serve as a platform material for biosensors comparable to nanocrystalline diamond. Sapphire chips, beads, and powder were first modified with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES), followed by succinic anhydride (SA), and finally single-stranded probe DNA was EDC coupled to the functionalized layer. The presence of the APTES-SA layer on sapphire powders was confirmed by thermogravimetric analyis and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Using planar sapphire chips as substrates and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) as surface-sensitive tool, the sequence of individual layers was analyzed with respect to their chemical state, enabling the quantification of areal densities of the involved molecular units. Fluorescence microscopy was used to demonstrate the hybridization of fluorescently tagged target DNA to the probe DNA, including denaturation- and re-hybridization experiments. Due to its high thermal conductivity, synthetic sapphire is especially suitable as a chip material for the heat-transfer method, which was employed to distinguish complementary- and non-complementary DNA duplexes containing single-nucleotide polymorphisms. These results indicate that it is possible to detect mutations electronically with a chemically resilient and electrically insulating chip material.}, language = {en} } @article{MuribGrinsvenGrietenetal.2013, author = {Murib, M. S. and Grinsven, B. van and Grieten, L. and Janssens, S. D. and Vermeeren, V. and Eersels, K. and Broeders, J. and Ameloot, M. and Michiels, L. and Ceuninck, W. De and Haenen, K. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Wagner, Patrick}, title = {Electronic monitoring of chemical DNA denaturation on nanocrystalline diamond electrodes with different molarities and flow rates}, series = {Physica Status Solidi (A). Vol. 210 (2013), iss. 5}, journal = {Physica Status Solidi (A). Vol. 210 (2013), iss. 5}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {0031-8965}, pages = {911 -- 917}, year = {2013}, language = {en} } @article{MuckWangJacobsetal.2004, author = {Muck, A. and Wang, J. and Jacobs, M. and Chen, G. and Chatrathi, M. P. and Jurka, V. and Vyborny, Z. and Spillmann, S. D. and Sridharan, G. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Fabrication of poly(methyl methacrylate) microfluidic chips by atmospheric molding}, series = {Analytical Chemistry. 76 (2004), H. 8}, journal = {Analytical Chemistry. 76 (2004), H. 8}, isbn = {0003-2700}, pages = {2290 -- 2297}, year = {2004}, language = {en} } @article{MourzinaSchoeningSchubertetal.2000, author = {Mourzina, Yu.G. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Schubert, J. and Zander, W. and Legin, A. and Vlasov, Y. G. and L{\"u}th, H.}, title = {Thin film microsensors for fast heavy metal analysis}, series = {Proceedings : Copenhagen, Denmark, 27 - 30 August 2000 / [ed.: R. de Reus ...]}, journal = {Proceedings : Copenhagen, Denmark, 27 - 30 August 2000 / [ed.: R. de Reus ...]}, publisher = {MIC, Mikroelektronik Centret}, address = {Lyngby, Denmark}, isbn = {87-89935-50-0}, pages = {839 -- 840}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @article{MourzinaSchubertZanderetal.2001, author = {Mourzina, Yu. G. and Schubert, J and Zander, W. and Legin, A. and Vlasov, Y. G. and L{\"u}th, H. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Development of multisensor systems based on chalcogenide thin film chemical sensors for the simultaneous multicomponent analysis of metal ions in complex solutions}, series = {Scaling down in electrochemistry : electrochemical micro- and nanosystem technology ; proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Electrochemical Microsystem Technologies, Garmisch-Patenkirchen, Germany, 11 - 15 September 2000 / ed. by J. W. Schultz}, journal = {Scaling down in electrochemistry : electrochemical micro- and nanosystem technology ; proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Electrochemical Microsystem Technologies, Garmisch-Patenkirchen, Germany, 11 - 15 September 2000 / ed. by J. W. Schultz}, publisher = {Elsevier [u.a.]}, address = {Amsterdam [u.a.]}, isbn = {0-08-044014-2}, pages = {251 -- 263}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @article{MourzinaSchoeningSchubertetal.2000, author = {Mourzina, Y.G. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Schubert, J. and Zander, W. and Legin, A. V. and Vlasov, Y. G. and Kordos, P. and L{\"u}th, H.}, title = {A new thin film Pb microsensor based on chalcogenide glasses}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B. 71 (2000), H. 1-2}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B. 71 (2000), H. 1-2}, isbn = {0925-4005}, pages = {13 -- 18}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @article{MourzinaYoshinobuErmelenkoetal.2002, author = {Mourzina, Y. and Yoshinobu, T. and Ermelenko, Y. and Furuichi, K. and Vlasov, Y. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Iwasaki, H.}, title = {Technology of photocurable membranes for ion sensors based on laser scanned semiconductor transducer (LSST)}, series = {Book of abstracts / ed. by J. Saneistr.}, journal = {Book of abstracts / ed. by J. Saneistr.}, publisher = {Czech Technical University, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Department of Measurement}, address = {Prague}, isbn = {80-01-02576-4}, pages = {254 -- 257}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @article{MourzinaMaiPoghossianetal.2003, author = {Mourzina, Y. and Mai, T. and Poghossian, Arshak and Ermolenko, Y. and Yoshinobu, T. and Vlasov, Y. and Iwasaki, H. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {K+-selective field-effect sensors as transducers for bioelectronic applications}, series = {Electrochimica Acta. 48 (2003), H. 20-22}, journal = {Electrochimica Acta. 48 (2003), H. 20-22}, isbn = {0013-4686}, pages = {3333 -- 3339}, year = {2003}, language = {en} } @article{MourzinaYoshinobuSchubertetal.2001, author = {Mourzina, Y. G. and Yoshinobu, T. and Schubert, J. and L{\"u}th, H. and Iwasaki, H. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Ion-selective lightaddressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) with chalcogenide thin film by pulsed laser deposition}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B. 80 (2001), H. 2}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B. 80 (2001), H. 2}, isbn = {0925-4005}, pages = {136 -- 140}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @article{MourzinaSchoeningSchubertetal.2001, author = {Mourzina, Y. G. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Schubert, J. and Zander, W. and Legin, A. V. and Vlasov, Y. G. and L{\"u}th, H.}, title = {Copper, cadmium and thallium thin film sensors based on chalcogenide glasses}, series = {Analytica Chimica Acta. 433 (2001)}, journal = {Analytica Chimica Acta. 433 (2001)}, isbn = {0378-4304}, pages = {103 -- 110}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @article{MourzinaLeginVlasovetal.2001, author = {Mourzina, Y. G. and Legin, A. and Vlasov, Y. G. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Schubert, J. and Zander, W. and L{\"u}th, H.}, title = {Thin film chemical sensors based on chalcogenide glasses for „electronic tongue" applications}, series = {Sensor 2001 : 10th international conference, May 8 - 10, 2001, Exhibition Centre Nuremberg, Germany ; proceedings}, journal = {Sensor 2001 : 10th international conference, May 8 - 10, 2001, Exhibition Centre Nuremberg, Germany ; proceedings}, publisher = {AMA Service}, address = {Wunstorf}, pages = {137 -- 141}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @article{MourzinaErmelenkoYoshinobuetal.2003, author = {Mourzina, Y. G. and Ermelenko, Y. E. and Yoshinobu, T. and Vlasov, Y. and Iwasaki, H. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Anionselective light-addressable potentiometric sensors (LAPS) for the determination of nitrate and suphate ions}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B. 91 (2003), H. 1-3}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B. 91 (2003), H. 1-3}, isbn = {0925-4005}, pages = {32 -- 38}, year = {2003}, language = {en} } @article{MourzinaYoshinobuErmolenkoetal.2004, author = {Mourzina, Ioulia G. and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo and Ermolenko, Yuri E. and Vlasov, Yuri G. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Iwasaki, H.}, title = {Immobilization of urease and cholinesterase on the surface of semiconductor transducer for the development of lightaddressable potentiometric sensors}, series = {Microchimica Acta. 144 (2004), H. 1-3}, journal = {Microchimica Acta. 144 (2004), H. 1-3}, isbn = {0026-3672}, pages = {41 -- 50}, year = {2004}, language = {en} } @article{MourzinaYoshinobuErmolenkoetal.2004, author = {Mourzina, I.G. and Yoshinobu, T. and Ermolenko, Y.E. and Vlasov, Y. G. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Iwasaki, H.}, title = {Immobilization of urease and cholinesterase on the surface of semiconductor transducer for the development of light-addressable potentiometric sensors}, series = {Technical digest of the 10th International Meeting on Chemical Sensors, July 11 - 14, 2004, Tsukuba, Japan / Japan Association of Chemical Sensors}, journal = {Technical digest of the 10th International Meeting on Chemical Sensors, July 11 - 14, 2004, Tsukuba, Japan / Japan Association of Chemical Sensors}, publisher = {Japan Association of Chemical Sensors}, address = {Fukuoka}, pages = {788 -- 789}, year = {2004}, language = {en} } @article{MoseleyHalamekKrameretal.2014, author = {Moseley, Fiona and Halamek, Jan and Kramer, Friederike and Poghossian, Arshak and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Katz, Evgeny}, title = {An enzyme-based reversible CNOT logic gate realized in a flow system}, series = {Analyst}, volume = {139}, journal = {Analyst}, number = {8}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1364-5528 (E-Journal) ; 0003-2654 (Print)}, doi = {10.1039/C4AN00133H}, pages = {1839 -- 1842}, year = {2014}, abstract = {An enzyme system organized in a flow device was used to mimic a reversible Controlled NOT (CNOT) gate with two input and two output signals. Reversible conversion of NAD⁺ and NADH cofactors was used to perform a XOR logic operation, while biocatalytic hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl phosphate resulted in an Identity operation working in parallel. The first biomolecular realization of a CNOT gate is promising for integration into complex biomolecular networks and future biosensor/biomedical applications.}, language = {en} } @article{MoritzYoshinobuFingeretal.2004, author = {Moritz, W. and Yoshinobu, T. and Finger, F. and Krause, S. and Martin-Fernandez, M. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {High resolution LAPS using amorphous silicon as the semiconductor material}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B. 103 (2004), H. 1-2}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B. 103 (2004), H. 1-2}, isbn = {0925-4005}, pages = {436 -- 444}, year = {2004}, language = {en} } @article{MorenoiCodinachsKloockSchoeningetal.2008, author = {Moreno i Codinachs, Lia and Kloock, Joachim P. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Baldi, Antoni and Ipatov, Andrey and Bratov, Andrey and Jimenez-Jorquera, Cecilia}, title = {Electronic integrated multisensor tongue applied to grape juice and wine analysis}, series = {Analyst. 133 (2008)}, journal = {Analyst. 133 (2008)}, isbn = {1364-5528}, pages = {1440 -- 1448}, year = {2008}, language = {en} } @article{MorenoiCodinachsBirkenstockGarmaetal.2009, author = {Moreno i Codinachs, L. and Birkenstock, C. and Garma, T. and Zierold, R. and Bachmann, J. and Nielsch, K. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Fontcuberta i Morral, A.}, title = {A micron-sized nanoporous multifunction sensing device}, series = {physica status solidi (a) . 206 (2009), H. 3}, journal = {physica status solidi (a) . 206 (2009), H. 3}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Weinheim}, isbn = {1862-6319}, pages = {435 -- 441}, year = {2009}, language = {en} } @article{MoraisSumanSchoeningetal.2023, author = {Morais, Paulo V. and Suman, Pedro H. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Siqueira Junior, Jos{\´e} R. and Orlandi, Marcelo O.}, title = {Layer-by-layer film based on Sn₃O₄ nanobelts as sensing units to detect heavy metals using a capacitive field-effect sensor platform}, series = {Chemosensors}, volume = {11}, journal = {Chemosensors}, number = {8}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2227-9040}, doi = {10.3390/chemosensors11080436}, pages = {Artikel 436}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Lead and nickel, as heavy metals, are still used in industrial processes, and are classified as "environmental health hazards" due to their toxicity and polluting potential. The detection of heavy metals can prevent environmental pollution at toxic levels that are critical to human health. In this sense, the electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) field-effect sensor is an attractive sensing platform concerning the fabrication of reusable and robust sensors to detect such substances. This study is aimed to fabricate a sensing unit on an EIS device based on Sn₃O₄ nanobelts embedded in a polyelectrolyte matrix of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) using the layer-by-layer (LbL) technique. The EIS-Sn₃O₄ sensor exhibited enhanced electrochemical performance for detecting Pb²⁺ and Ni²⁺ ions, revealing a higher affinity for Pb²⁺ ions, with sensitivities of ca. 25.8 mV/decade and 2.4 mV/decade, respectively. Such results indicate that Sn₃O₄ nanobelts can contemplate a feasible proof-of-concept capacitive field-effect sensor for heavy metal detection, envisaging other future studies focusing on environmental monitoring.}, language = {en} } @article{MoraisSilvaDantasetal.2019, author = {Morais, Paulo V. and Silva, Anielle C. A. and Dantas, Noelio O. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Siqueira, Jos{\´e} R., Jr.}, title = {Hybrid Layer-by-Layer Film of Polyelectrolytes-Embedded Catalytic CoFe2O4 Nanocrystals as Sensing Units in Capacitive Electrolyte-Insulator-Semiconductor Devices}, series = {physica status solidi a : applications and materials sciences}, volume = {216}, journal = {physica status solidi a : applications and materials sciences}, number = {1900044}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Weinheim}, doi = {10.1002/pssa.201900044}, pages = {1 -- 9}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{MoraisGomesSilvaetal.2017, author = {Morais, Paulo V. and Gomes, Vanderley F., Jr. and Silva, Anielle C. A. and Dantas, Noelio O. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Siqueira, Jos{\´e} R., Jr.}, title = {Nanofilm of ZnO nanocrystals/carbon nanotubes as biocompatible layer for enzymatic biosensors in capacitive field-effect devices}, series = {Journal of Materials Science}, volume = {52}, journal = {Journal of Materials Science}, number = {20}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {1573-4803}, doi = {10.1007/s10853-017-1369-y}, pages = {12314 -- 12325}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The incorporation of nanomaterials that are biocompatible with different types of biological compounds has allowed the development of a new generation of biosensors applied especially in the biomedical field. In particular, the integration of film-based nanomaterials employed in field-effect devices can be interesting to develop biosensors with enhanced properties. In this paper, we studied the fabrication of sensitive nanofilms combining ZnO nanocrystals and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), prepared by means of the layer-by-layer (LbL) technique, in a capacitive electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) structure for detecting glucose and urea. The ZnO nanocrystals were incorporated in a polymeric matrix of poly(allylamine) hydrochloride (PAH), and arranged with multi-walled CNTs in a LbL PAH-ZnO/CNTs film architecture onto EIS chips. The electrochemical characterizations were performed by capacitance-voltage and constant capacitance measurements, while the morphology of the films was characterized by atomic force microscopy. The enzymes glucose oxidase and urease were immobilized on film's surface for detection of glucose and urea, respectively. In order to obtain glucose and urea biosensors with optimized amount of sensitive films, we investigated the ideal number of bilayers for each detection system. The glucose biosensor showed better sensitivity and output signal for an LbL PAH-ZnO/CNTs nanofilm with 10 bilayers. On the other hand, the urea biosensor presented enhanced properties even for the first bilayer, exhibiting high sensitivity and output signal. The presence of the LbL PAH-ZnO/CNTs films led to biosensors with better sensitivity and enhanced response signal, demonstrating that the adequate use of nanostructured films is feasible for proof-of-concept biosensors with improved properties that may be employed for biomedical applications.}, language = {en} } @article{MolinnusSorichBartzetal.2016, author = {Molinnus, Denise and Sorich, Maren and Bartz, Alexander and Siegert, Petra and Willenberg, Holger S. and Lisdat, Fred and Poghossian, Arshak and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Towards an adrenaline biosensor based on substrate recycling amplification in combination with an enzyme logic gate}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical}, volume = {237}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0925-4005}, doi = {10.1016/j.snb.2016.06.064}, pages = {190 -- 195}, year = {2016}, abstract = {An amperometric biosensor using a substrate recycling principle was realized for the detection of low adrenaline concentrations (1 nM) by measurements in phosphate buffer and Ringer's solution at pH 6.5 and pH 7.4, respectively. In proof-of-concept experiments, a Boolean logic-gate principle has been applied to develop a digital adrenaline biosensor based on an enzyme AND logic gate. The obtained results demonstrate that the developed digital biosensor is capable for a rapid qualitative determination of the presence/absence of adrenaline in a YES/NO statement. Such digital biosensor could be used in clinical diagnostics for the control of a correct insertion of a catheter in the adrenal veins during adrenal venous-sampling procedure.}, language = {en} } @article{MolinnusPoghossianKeusgenetal.2017, author = {Molinnus, Denise and Poghossian, Arshak and Keusgen, Michael and Katz, Evgeny and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Coupling of Biomolecular Logic Gates with Electronic Transducers: From Single Enzyme Logic Gates to Sense/Act/Treat Chips}, series = {Electroanalysis}, volume = {29}, journal = {Electroanalysis}, number = {8}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1521-4109}, doi = {10.1002/elan.201700208}, pages = {1840 -- 1849}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The integration of biomolecular logic principles with electronic transducers allows designing novel digital biosensors with direct electrical output, logically triggered drug-release, and closed-loop sense/act/treat systems. This opens new opportunities for advanced personalized medicine in the context of theranostics. In the present work, we will discuss selected examples of recent developments in the field of interfacing enzyme logic gates with electrodes and semiconductor field-effect devices. Special attention is given to an enzyme OR/Reset logic gate based on a capacitive field-effect electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor sensor modified with a multi-enzyme membrane. Further examples are a digital adrenaline biosensor based on an AND logic gate with binary YES/NO output and an integrated closed-loop sense/act/treat system comprising an amperometric glucose sensor, a hydrogel actuator, and an insulin (drug) sensor.}, language = {en} } @article{MolinnusMuschallikGonzalezetal.2018, author = {Molinnus, Denise and Muschallik, Lukas and Gonzalez, Laura Osorio and Bongaerts, Johannes and Wagner, Torsten and Selmer, Thorsten and Siegert, Petra and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Development and characterization of a field-effect biosensor for the detection of acetoin}, series = {Biosensors and Bioelectronics}, volume = {115}, journal = {Biosensors and Bioelectronics}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.bios.2018.05.023}, pages = {1 -- 6}, year = {2018}, abstract = {A capacitive electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) field-effect biosensor for acetoin detection has been presented for the first time. The EIS sensor consists of a layer structure of Al/p-Si/SiO₂/Ta₂O₅/enzyme acetoin reductase. The enzyme, also referred to as butane-2,3-diol dehydrogenase from B. clausii DSM 8716T, has been recently characterized. The enzyme catalyzes the (R)-specific reduction of racemic acetoin to (R,R)- and meso-butane-2,3-diol, respectively. Two different enzyme immobilization strategies (cross-linking by using glutaraldehyde and adsorption) have been studied. Typical biosensor parameters such as optimal pH working range, sensitivity, hysteresis, linear concentration range and long-term stability have been examined by means of constant-capacitance (ConCap) mode measurements. Furthermore, preliminary experiments have been successfully carried out for the detection of acetoin in diluted white wine samples.}, language = {en} } @article{MolinnusJanusFangetal.2022, author = {Molinnus, Denise and Janus, Kevin Alexander and Fang, Anyelina C. and Drinic, Aleksander and Achtsnicht, Stefan and K{\"o}pf, Marius and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Thick-film carbon electrode deposited onto a biodegradable fibroin substrate for biosensing applications}, series = {Physica status solidi (a)}, volume = {219}, journal = {Physica status solidi (a)}, number = {23}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1862-6319}, doi = {10.1002/pssa.202200100}, pages = {1 -- 9}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This study addresses a proof-of-concept experiment with a biocompatible screen-printed carbon electrode deposited onto a biocompatible and biodegradable substrate, which is made of fibroin, a protein derived from silk of the Bombyx mori silkworm. To demonstrate the sensor performance, the carbon electrode is functionalized as a glucose biosensor with the enzyme glucose oxidase and encapsulated with a silicone rubber to ensure biocompatibility of the contact wires. The carbon electrode is fabricated by means of thick-film technology including a curing step to solidify the carbon paste. The influence of the curing temperature and curing time on the electrode morphology is analyzed via scanning electron microscopy. The electrochemical characterization of the glucose biosensor is performed by amperometric/voltammetric measurements of different glucose concentrations in phosphate buffer. Herein, systematic studies at applied potentials from 500 to 1200 mV to the carbon working electrode (vs the Ag/AgCl reference electrode) allow to determine the optimal working potential. Additionally, the influence of the curing parameters on the glucose sensitivity is examined over a time period of up to 361 days. The sensor shows a negligible cross-sensitivity toward ascorbic acid, noradrenaline, and adrenaline. The developed biocompatible biosensor is highly promising for future in vivo and epidermal applications.}, language = {en} } @article{MolinnusIkenJohnenetal.2022, author = {Molinnus, Denise and Iken, Heiko and Johnen, Anna Lynn and Richstein, Benjamin and Hellmich, Lena and Poghossian, Arshak and Knoch, Joachim and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Miniaturized pH-Sensitive Field-Effect Capacitors with Ultrathin Ta₂O₅ Films Prepared by Atomic Layer Deposition}, series = {physica status solidi (a) applications and materials science}, volume = {219}, journal = {physica status solidi (a) applications and materials science}, number = {8}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1862-6319}, doi = {10.1002/pssa.202100660}, pages = {7 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Miniaturized electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor capacitors (EISCAPs) with ultrathin gate insulators have been studied in terms of their pH-sensitive sensor characteristics: three different EISCAP systems consisting of Al-p-Si-Ta2O5(5 nm), Al-p-Si-Si3N4(1 or 2 nm)-Ta2O5 (5 nm), and Al-p-Si-SiO2(3.6 nm)-Ta2O5(5 nm) layer structures are characterized in buffer solution with different pH values by means of capacitance-voltage and constant capacitance method. The SiO2 and Si3N4 gate insulators are deposited by rapid thermal oxidation and rapid thermal nitridation, respectively, whereas the Ta2O5 film is prepared by atomic layer deposition. All EISCAP systems have a clear pH response, favoring the stacked gate insulators SiO2-Ta2O5 when considering the overall sensor characteristics, while the Si3N4(1 nm)-Ta2O5 stack delivers the largest accumulation capacitance (due to the lower equivalent oxide thickness) and a higher steepness in the slope of the capacitance-voltage curve among the studied stacked gate insulator systems.}, language = {en} } @article{MolinnusHardtSiegertetal.2018, author = {Molinnus, Denise and Hardt, Gabriel and Siegert, Petra and Willenberg, Holger S. and Poghossian, Arshak and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Detection of Adrenaline in Blood Plasma as Biomarker for Adrenal Venous Sampling}, series = {Electroanalysis}, volume = {30}, journal = {Electroanalysis}, number = {5}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1521-4109}, doi = {10.1002/elan.201800026}, pages = {937 -- 942}, year = {2018}, abstract = {An amperometric bi-enzyme biosensor based on substrate recycling principle for the amplification of the sensor signal has been developed for the detection of adrenaline in blood. Adrenaline can be used as biomarker verifying successful adrenal venous sampling procedure. The adrenaline biosensor has been realized via modification of a galvanic oxygen sensor with a bi-enzyme membrane combining a genetically modified laccase and a pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent glucose dehydrogenase. The measurement conditions such as pH value and temperature were optimized to enhance the sensor performance. A high sensitivity and a low detection limit of about 0.5-1 nM adrenaline have been achieved in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4, relevant for measurements in blood samples. The sensitivity of the biosensor to other catecholamines such as noradrenaline, dopamine and dobutamine has been studied. Finally, the sensor has been successfully applied for the detection of adrenaline in human blood plasma.}, language = {en} } @article{MolinnusHardtKaeveretal.2018, author = {Molinnus, Denise and Hardt, G. and K{\"a}ver, L. and Willenberg, H.S. and Kr{\"o}ger, J.-C. and Poghossian, Arshak and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Chip-based biosensor for the detection of low adrenaline concentrations to support adrenal venous sampling}, series = {Sensor and Actuators B: Chemical}, volume = {272}, journal = {Sensor and Actuators B: Chemical}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0925-4005}, doi = {10.1016/j.snb.2018.05.136}, pages = {21 -- 27}, year = {2018}, abstract = {A chip-based amperometric biosensor referring on using the bioelectrocatalytical amplification principle for the detection of low adrenaline concentrations is presented. The adrenaline biosensor has been prepared by modification of a platinum thin-film electrode with an enzyme membrane containing the pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent glucose dehydrogenase and glutaraldehyde. Measuring conditions such as temperature, pH value, and glucose concentration have been optimized to achieve a high sensitivity and a low detection limit of about 1 nM adrenaline measured in phosphate buffer at neutral pH value. The response of the biosensor to different catecholamines has also been proven. Long-term stability of the adrenaline biosensor has been studied over 10 days. In addition, the biosensor has been successfully applied for adrenaline detection in human blood plasma for future biomedical applications. Furthermore, preliminary experiments have been carried to detect the adrenaline-concentration difference measured in peripheral blood and adrenal venous blood, representing the adrenal vein sampling procedure of a physician.}, language = {en} } @article{MolinnusDrinicIkenetal.2021, author = {Molinnus, Denise and Drinic, Aleksander and Iken, Heiko and Kr{\"o}ger, Nadja and Zinser, Max and Smeets, Ralf and K{\"o}pf, Marius and Kopp, Alexander and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Towards a flexible electrochemical biosensor fabricated from biocompatible Bombyx mori silk}, series = {Biosensors and Bioelectronics}, volume = {183}, journal = {Biosensors and Bioelectronics}, number = {Art. 113204}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0956-5663}, doi = {10.1016/j.bios.2021.113204}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{MolinnusBaeckerSiegertetal.2015, author = {Molinnus, Denise and B{\"a}cker, Matthias and Siegert, Petra and Willenberg, H. and Poghossian, Arshak and Keusgen, M. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Detection of Adrenaline Based on Substrate Recycling Amplification}, series = {Procedia Engineering}, volume = {120}, journal = {Procedia Engineering}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1877-7058}, doi = {10.1016/j.proeng.2015.08.708}, pages = {540 -- 543}, year = {2015}, abstract = {An amperometric enzyme biosensor has been applied for the detection of adrenaline. The adrenaline biosensor has been prepared by modification of an oxygen electrode with the enzyme laccase that operates at a broad pH range between pH 3.5 to pH 8. The enzyme molecules were immobilized via cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. The sensitivity of the developed adrenaline biosensor in different pH buffer solutions has been studied.}, language = {en} } @article{MolinnusBaeckerIkenetal.2015, author = {Molinnus, Denise and B{\"a}cker, Matthias and Iken, Heiko and Poghossian, Arshak and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Concept for a biomolecular logic chip with an integrated sensor and actuator function}, series = {Physica status solidi (a)}, volume = {212}, journal = {Physica status solidi (a)}, number = {6}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1862-6319}, doi = {10.1002/pssa.201431913}, pages = {1382 -- 1388}, year = {2015}, abstract = {A concept for a new generation of an integrated multi-functional biosensor/actuator system is developed, which is based on biomolecular logic principles. Such a system is expected to be able to detect multiple biochemical input signals simultaneously and in real-time and convert them into electrical output signals with logical operations such as OR, AND, etc. The system can be designed as a closed-loop drug release device triggered by an enzyme logic gate, while the release of the drug induced by the actuator at the required dosage and timing will be controlled by an additional drug sensor. Thus, the system could help to make an accurate and specific diagnosis. The presented concept is exemplarily demonstrated by using an enzyme logic gate based on a glucose/glucose oxidase system, a temperature-responsive hydrogel mimicking the actuator function and an insulin (drug) sensor. In this work, the results of functional testing of individual amperometric glucose and insulin sensors as well as an impedimetric sensor for the detection of the hydrogel swelling/shrinking are presented.}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoSekiSutoetal.2018, author = {Miyamoto, Koichiro and Seki, Kosuke and Suto, Takeyuki and Werner, Frederik and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo}, title = {Improved spatial resolution of the chemical imaging sensor with a hybrid illumination that suppresses lateral diffusion of photocarriers}, series = {Sensor and Actuators B: Chemical}, volume = {273}, journal = {Sensor and Actuators B: Chemical}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0925-4005}, doi = {10.1016/j.snb.2018.07.016}, pages = {1328 -- 1333}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The chemical imaging sensor is a semiconductor-based chemical sensor capable of visualizing pH and ion distributions. The spatial resolution depends on the lateral diffusion of photocarriers generated by illumination of the semiconductor substrate. In this study, two types of optical setups, one based on a bundle of optical fibers and the other based on a binocular tube head, were developed to project a hybrid illumination of a modulated light beam and a ring-shaped constant illumination onto the sensor plate. An improved spatial resolution was realized by the ring-shaped constant illumination, which suppressed lateral diffusion of photocarriers by enhanced recombination due to the increased carrier concentration.}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoYoshidaSakaietal.2011, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Yoshida, Midori and Sakai, Taito and Matsuzaka, Atsushi and Wagner, Torsten and Kanoh, Sanoh and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Differential setup of light-addressable potentiometric sensor with an enzyme reactor in a flow channel}, series = {Japanese Journal of Applied Physics. 50 (2011)}, journal = {Japanese Journal of Applied Physics. 50 (2011)}, publisher = {Japan Society of Applied Physics}, address = {Bristol}, isbn = {0021-4922}, pages = {04DL08-1 -- 04DL08-5}, year = {2011}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoWagnerYoshinobuetal.2011, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Wagner, Torsten and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo and Kanoh, Shin`ichiro and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Phase-mode LAPS and its application to chemical imaging}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 154 (2011), H. 1}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 154 (2011), H. 1}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, isbn = {1873-3077}, pages = {28 -- 32}, year = {2011}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoWagnerYoshinobuetal.2011, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Wagner, Torsten and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo and Kanoh, Shin`ichiro and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Phase-mode operation of FDM-LAPS}, series = {Sensor letters}, volume = {9}, journal = {Sensor letters}, number = {2}, publisher = {American Scientific Publishers}, address = {Stevenson Ranch, Calif.}, isbn = {1546-1971}, pages = {691 -- 694}, year = {2011}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoWagnerMimuraetal.2011, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Wagner, Torsten and Mimura, Shuhei and Kanoh, Shin{\´i}chiro and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Constant-phase-mode operation of the light-addressable potentiometric sensor}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 154 (2011), H. 2}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 154 (2011), H. 2}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, isbn = {1873-3077}, pages = {119 -- 123}, year = {2011}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoWagnerMimuraetal.2009, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Wagner, Torsten and Mimura, Shuhei and Kanoh, Shin`ichiro and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Constant-phase-mode operation of the light-addressable potentiometric sensor}, series = {Procedia Chemistry. 1 (2009), H. 1}, journal = {Procedia Chemistry. 1 (2009), H. 1}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, isbn = {1876-6196}, pages = {1487 -- 1490}, year = {2009}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoSugawaraKanohetal.2010, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Sugawara, Yuri and Kanoh, Shin´ichiro and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Image correction method for the chemical imaging sensor}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 144 (2010), H. 2}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 144 (2010), H. 2}, pages = {344 -- 348}, year = {2010}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoSatoAbeetal.2016, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-Ichiro and Sato, Takuya and Abe, Minami and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo}, title = {Light-addressable potentiometric sensor as a sensing element in plug-based microfluidic devices}, series = {Micromachines}, volume = {7}, journal = {Micromachines}, number = {7}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2072-666X}, doi = {10.3390/mi7070111}, pages = {111}, year = {2016}, abstract = {A plug-based microfluidic system based on the principle of the light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) is proposed. The LAPS is a semiconductor-based chemical sensor, which has a free addressability of the measurement point on the sensing surface. By combining a microfluidic device and LAPS, ion sensing can be performed anywhere inside the microfluidic channel. In this study, the sample solution to be measured was introduced into the channel in a form of a plug with a volume in the range of microliters. Taking advantage of the light-addressability, the position of the plug could be monitored and pneumatically controlled. With the developed system, the pH value of a plug with a volume down to 400 nL could be measured. As an example of plug-based operation, two plugs were merged in the channel, and the pH change was detected by differential measurement.}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoKanekoMatsuoetal.2012, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Kaneko, Kazumi and Matsuo, Akira and Wagner, Torsten and Kanoh, Shin{\´i}chiro and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo}, title = {Miniaturized chemical imaging sensor system using an OLED display panel}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical}, volume = {170}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0925-4005}, doi = {10.1016/j.snb.2011.02.029}, pages = {82 -- 87}, year = {2012}, abstract = {The chemical imaging sensor is a semiconductor-based chemical sensor that can visualize the two-dimensional distribution of specific ions or molecules in the solution. In this study, we developed a miniaturized chemical imaging sensor system with an OLED display panel as a light source that scans the sensor plate. In the proposed configuration, the display panel is placed directly below the sensor plate and illuminates the back surface. The measured area defined by illumination can be arbitrarily customized to fit the size and the shape of the sample to be measured. The waveform of the generated photocurrent, the current-voltage characteristics and the pH sensitivity were investigated and pH imaging with this miniaturized system was demonstrated.}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoKanekoMatsuoetal.2010, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Kaneko, Kazumi and Matsuo, Akira and Wagner, Torsten and Kanoh, Shin`ichiro and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo}, title = {Miniaturized chemical imaging sensor system using an OLED display panel}, series = {Procedia Engineering. 5 (2010)}, journal = {Procedia Engineering. 5 (2010)}, isbn = {1877-7058}, pages = {516 -- 519}, year = {2010}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoItabashiWagneretal.2014, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Itabashi, Akinori and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo}, title = {High-speed chemical imaging inside a microfluidic channel}, series = {Sensors and actuators. B: Chemical}, volume = {194}, journal = {Sensors and actuators. B: Chemical}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1873-3077 (E-Journal); 0925-4005 (Print)}, doi = {10.1016/j.snb.2013.12.090}, pages = {521 -- 527}, year = {2014}, abstract = {In this study, a high-speed chemical imaging system was developed for visualization of the interior of a microfluidic channel. A microfluidic channel was constructed on the sensor surface of the light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS), on which the ion concentrations could be measured in parallel at up to 64 points illuminated by optical fibers. The temporal change of pH distribution inside the microfluidic channel was recorded at a maximum rate of 100 frames per second (fps). The high frame rate allowed visualization of moving interfaces and plugs in the channel even at a flow velocity of 111 mm/s, which suggests the feasibility of plug-based microfluidic devices for flow-injection analysis (FIA).}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoIchimuraWagneretal.2013, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Ichimura, Hiroki and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo}, title = {Chemical imaging of the concentration profile of ion diffusion in a microfluidic channel}, series = {Sensors and actuators. B: Chemical}, volume = {189}, journal = {Sensors and actuators. B: Chemical}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1873-3077 (E-Journal); 0925-4005 (Print)}, doi = {10.1016/j.snb.2013.04.057}, pages = {240 -- 245}, year = {2013}, abstract = {The chemical imaging sensor is a device to visualize the spatial distribution of chemical species based on the principle of LAPS (light-addressable potentiometric sensor), which is a field-effect chemical sensor based on semiconductor. In this study, the chemical imaging sensor has been applied to investigate the ion profile of laminar flows in a microfluidic channel. The chemical images (pH maps) were collected in a Y-shaped microfluidic channel while injecting HCl and NaCl solutions into two branches. From the chemical images, it was clearly observed that the injected solutions formed laminar flows in the channel. In addition, ion diffusion across the laminar flows was observed, and the diffusion coefficient could be derived by fitting the pH profiles to the Fick's equation.}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoHirayamaWagneretal.2013, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Hirayama, Yuji and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo}, title = {Visualization of enzymatic reaction in a microfluidic channel using chemical imaging sensor}, series = {Electrochimica acta}, journal = {Electrochimica acta}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1873-3859 (E-Journal); 0013-4686 (Print)}, pages = {Publ. online}, year = {2013}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoHayashiSakamotoetal.2017, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Hayashi, Kosuke and Sakamoto, Azuma and Werner, Frederik and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo}, title = {A high-Q resonance-mode measurement of EIS capacitive sensor by elimination of series resistance}, series = {Sensor and Actuators B: Chemical}, volume = {248}, journal = {Sensor and Actuators B: Chemical}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0925-4005}, doi = {10.1016/j.snb.2017.03.002}, pages = {1006 -- 1010}, year = {2017}, abstract = {An EIS capacitive sensor is a semiconductor-based potentiometric sensor, which is sensitive to the ion concentration or pH value of the solution in contact with the sensing surface. To detect a small change in the ion concentration or pH, a small capacitance change must be detected. Recently, a resonance-mode measurement was proposed, in which an inductor was connected to the EIS capacitive sensor and the resonant frequency was correlated with the pH value. In this study, the Q factor of the resonant circuit was enhanced by canceling the internal resistance of the reference electrode and the internal resistance of the inductor coil with the help of a bypass capacitor and a negative impedance converter, respectively. 1\% variation of the signal in the developed system corresponded to a pH change of 3.93 mpH, which was about 1/12 of the conventional method, suggesting a better performance in detection of a small pH change.}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoBingWagneretal.2015, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Bing, Yu and Wagner, Torsten and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Visualization of Defects on a Cultured Cell Layer by Utilizing Chemical Imaging Sensor}, series = {Procedia Engineering}, volume = {120}, journal = {Procedia Engineering}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1877-7058}, doi = {10.1016/j.proeng.2015.08.806}, pages = {936 -- 939}, year = {2015}, abstract = {The chemical imaging sensor is a field-effect sensor which is able to visualize both the distribution of ions (in LAPS mode) and the distribution of impedance (in SPIM mode) inthe sample. In this study, a novel wound-healing assay is proposed, in which the chemical imaging sensor operated in SPIM mode is applied to monitor the defect of a cell layer brought into proximity of the sensing surface.A reduced impedance inside the defect, which was artificially formed ina cell layer, was successfully visualized in a photocurrent image.}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoWagnerSchoeningetal.2011, author = {Miyamoto, K. and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Yoshinobu, T.}, title = {Multi-well structure for cell culture on the chemical imaging sensor}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {New York}, pages = {2130 -- 2132}, year = {2011}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoSekiWagneretal.2014, author = {Miyamoto, K. and Seki, K. and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Yoshinobu, T.}, title = {Enhancement of the spatial resolution of the chemical imaging sensor by a hybrid fiber-optic illumination}, series = {Procedia Engineering}, volume = {87}, journal = {Procedia Engineering}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1877-7058}, doi = {10.1016/j.proeng.2014.11.563}, pages = {612 -- 615}, year = {2014}, abstract = {The chemical imaging sensor, which is based on the principle of the light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS), is a powerful tool to visualize the spatial distribution of chemical species on the sensor surface. The spatial resolution of this sensor depends on the diffusion of photocarriers excited by a modulated light. In this study, a novel hybrid fiber-optic illumination was developed to enhance the spatial resolution. It consists of a modulated light probe to generate a photocurrent signal and a ring of constant light, which suppresses the lateral diffusion of minority carriers excited by the modulated light. It is demonstrated that the spatial resolution was improved from 92 μm to 68 μm.}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoKuwabaraKanohetal.2009, author = {Miyamoto, K. and Kuwabara, Yohei and Kanoh, Shin'ichiro and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Chemical image scanner based on FDM-LAPS}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 137 (2009), H. 2}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 137 (2009), H. 2}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, isbn = {0925-4005}, pages = {533 -- 538}, year = {2009}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoIchimuraWagneretal.2012, author = {Miyamoto, K. and Ichimura, H. and Wagner, Torsten and Yoshinobu, T. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Chemical Imaging of ion Diffusion in a Microfluidic Channel}, series = {Procedia Engineering}, journal = {Procedia Engineering}, number = {47}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1877-7058}, doi = {10.1016/j.proeng.2012.09.289}, pages = {886 -- 889}, year = {2012}, abstract = {The chemical imaging sensor is a chemical sensor which is capable of visualizing the spatial distribution of chemical species in sample solution. In this study, a novel measurement system based on the chemical imaging sensor was developed to observe the inside of a Y-shaped microfluidic channel while injecting two sample solutions from two branches. From the collected chemical images, it was clearly observed that the injected solutions formed laminar flows in the microfluidic channel. In addition, ion diffusion across the laminar flows was observed. This label-free method can acquire quantitative data of ion distribution and diffusion in microfluidic devices, which can be used to determine the diffusion coefficients, and therefore, the molecular weights of chemical species in the sample solution.}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamatoSakakitaWagneretal.2015, author = {Miyamato, Ko-ichiro and Sakakita, Sakura and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo}, title = {Application of chemical imaging sensor to in-situ pH imaging in the vicinity of a corroding metal surface}, series = {Electrochimica Acta}, volume = {183}, journal = {Electrochimica Acta}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0013-4686}, doi = {10.1016/j.electacta.2015.07.184}, pages = {137 -- 142}, year = {2015}, abstract = {The chemical imaging sensor was applied to in-situ pH imaging of the solution in the vicinity of a corroding surface of stainless steel under potentiostatic polarization. A test piece of polished stainless steel was placed on the sensing surface leaving a narrow gap filled with artificial seawater and the stainless steel was corroded under polarization. The pH images obtained during polarization showed correspondence between the region of lower pH and the site of corrosion. It was also found that the pH value in the gap became as low as 2 by polarization, which triggered corrosion.}, language = {en} } @article{MikulicsMarsoCamaraMayorgaetal.2005, author = {Mikulics, M. and Marso, M. and C{\´a}mara Mayorga, I. and Gusten, R. and Stancek, S. and Michael, E. A. and Schieder, R. and Wolter, M. and Buca, D. and F{\"o}rster, Arnold and Kordos, P. and L{\"u}th, H.}, title = {Photomixers fabricated on nitrogen-ion-implanted GaAs}, series = {Applied physics letters. 87 (2005)}, journal = {Applied physics letters. 87 (2005)}, pages = {041106-1 -- 041106-3}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @article{MikulicsCamaraHardtetal.2004, author = {Mikulics, M. and Camara, I. and Hardt, A. van der and Fox, A. and F{\"o}rster, Arnold and Gusten, R. and L{\"u}th, H. and Kordos, P.}, title = {Generation of THz radiation by photomixing in low-temperature-grown MBE GaAs}, series = {Fifth International Conference on Advanced Semiconductor Devices and Microsystems : conference proceedings ; Smolenice Castle, Slovakia, October 17 - 21, 2004 / [organizers: Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava and Microelectronics Department, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava]. Ed. by J. Osvald}, journal = {Fifth International Conference on Advanced Semiconductor Devices and Microsystems : conference proceedings ; Smolenice Castle, Slovakia, October 17 - 21, 2004 / [organizers: Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava and Microelectronics Department, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava]. Ed. by J. Osvald}, publisher = {IEEE Operations Center}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, isbn = {0-7803-8335-7}, pages = {231 -- 234}, year = {2004}, language = {en} } @article{MikulicsAdamKordosetal.2005, author = {Mikulics, M. and Adam, R. and Kordos, P. and F{\"o}rster, Arnold and L{\"u}th, H. and Wu, S. and Zheng, X. and Sobolewski, R.}, title = {Ultrafast low-temperature-grown epitaxial GaAs photodetectors transferred on flexible plastic substrates}, series = {IEEE photonics technology letters : IEEE PTL. 17 (2005), H. 8}, journal = {IEEE photonics technology letters : IEEE PTL. 17 (2005), H. 8}, isbn = {1041-1135}, pages = {1725 -- 1727}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @article{MennickenPeterKaulenetal.2019, author = {Mennicken, Max and Peter, Sophia Katharina and Kaulen, Corinna and Simon, Ulrich and Karth{\"a}user, Silvia}, title = {Controlling the Electronic Contact at the Terpyridine/Metal Interface}, series = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C}, volume = {123}, journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C}, number = {35}, issn = {1932-7455}, doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b05865}, pages = {21367 -- 21375}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{MennickenPeterKaulenetal.2020, author = {Mennicken, Max and Peter, Sophia K. and Kaulen, Corinna and Simon, Ulrich and Karth{\"a}user, Silvia}, title = {Transport through Redox-Active Ru-Terpyridine Complexes Integrated in Single Nanoparticle Devices}, series = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C}, volume = {124}, journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C}, number = {8}, publisher = {ACS Publications}, address = {Washington, DC}, issn = {1932-7455}, doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b11716}, pages = {4881 -- 4889}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Transition metal complexes are electrofunctional molecules due to their high conductivity and their intrinsic switching ability involving a metal-to-ligand charge transfer. Here, a method is presented to contact reliably a few to single redox-active Ru-terpyridine complexes in a CMOS compatible nanodevice and preserve their electrical functionality. Using hybrid materials from 14 nm gold nanoparticles (AuNP) and bis-{4′-[4-(mercaptophenyl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine]}-ruthenium(II) complexes a device size of 30² nm² inclusive nanoelectrodes is achieved. Moreover, this method bears the opportunity for further downscaling. The Ru-complex AuNP devices show symmetric and asymmetric current versus voltage curves with a hysteretic characteristic in two well separated conductance ranges. By theoretical approximations based on the single-channel Landauer model, the charge transport through the formed double-barrier tunnel junction is thoroughly analyzed and its sensibility to the molecule/metal contact is revealed. It can be verified that tunneling transport through the HOMO is the main transport mechanism while decoherent hopping transport is present to a minor extent.}, language = {en} } @article{MartinezJakobTuetal.2013, author = {Martinez, Ronny and Jakob, Felix and Tu, Ran and Siegert, Petra and Maurer, Karl-Heinz and Schwaneberg, Ulrich}, title = {Increasing activity and thermal resistance of Bacillus gibsonii alkaline protease (BgAP) by directed evolution}, series = {Biotechnology and bioengineering}, volume = {Vol. 110}, journal = {Biotechnology and bioengineering}, number = {Iss. 3}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1097-0290 (E-Journal); 0006-3592 (Print); 0368-1467 (Print)}, pages = {711 -- 720}, year = {2013}, language = {en} } @article{MalzahnWindmillerValdesRamirezetal.2011, author = {Malzahn, Kerstin and Windmiller, Joshua Ray and Vald{\´e}s-Ram{\´i}rez, Gabriela and Wang, Joseph and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Wearable electrochemical sensors for in situ analysis in marine environments}, series = {Analyst. 136 (2011), H. 14}, journal = {Analyst. 136 (2011), H. 14}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, isbn = {0003-2654}, pages = {2912 -- 2917}, year = {2011}, language = {en} } @article{MaezawaFoerster2003, author = {Maezawa, Koichi and F{\"o}rster, Arnold}, title = {Quantum transport devices based on resonant tunneling}, series = {Nanoelectronics and information technology : advanced electronic materials and novel devices / Rainer Waser (ed.).}, journal = {Nanoelectronics and information technology : advanced electronic materials and novel devices / Rainer Waser (ed.).}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, isbn = {3-527-40363-9}, pages = {407 -- 424}, year = {2003}, language = {en} } @article{LuethThustSteffenetal.2000, author = {L{\"u}th, H. and Thust, M. and Steffen, A. and Kordos, P. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Biochemical sensors with structured and porous silicon capacitors}, series = {Materials Science and Engineering B. 69-70 (2000)}, journal = {Materials Science and Engineering B. 69-70 (2000)}, isbn = {0921-5107}, pages = {104 -- 108}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @article{LeinhosSchusserBaeckeretal.2014, author = {Leinhos, Marcel and Schusser, Sebastian and B{\"a}cker, Matthias and Poghossian, Arshak and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Micromachined multi-parameter sensor chip for the control of polymer-degradation medium}, series = {Physica Status Solidi (A) : special issue on engineering and functional interfaces}, volume = {211}, journal = {Physica Status Solidi (A) : special issue on engineering and functional interfaces}, number = {6}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1521-396X (E-Journal); 1862-6319 (E-Journal); 0031-8965 (Print); 1862-6300 (Print)}, doi = {10.1002/pssa.201330364}, pages = {1346 -- 1351}, year = {2014}, abstract = {It is well known that the degradation environment can strongly influence the biodegradability and kinetics of biodegradation processes of polymers. Therefore, besides the monitoring of the degradation process, it is also necessary to control the medium in which the degradation takes place. In this work, a micromachined multi-parameter sensor chip for the control of the polymer-degradation medium has been developed. The chip combines a capacitive field-effect pH sensor, a four-electrode electrolyte-conductivity sensor and a thin-film Pt-temperature sensor. The results of characterization of individual sensors are presented. In addition, the multi-parameter sensor chip together with an impedimetric polymer-degradation sensor was simultaneously characterized in degradation solutions with different pH and electrolyte conductivity. The obtained results demonstrate the feasibility of the multi-parameter sensor chip for the control of the polymer-degradation medium.}, language = {en} } @article{KueppersSteffenHellmuthetal.2014, author = {K{\"u}ppers, Tobias and Steffen, Victoria and Hellmuth, Hendrik and O'Connell, Timothy and Bongaerts, Johannes and Maurer, Karl-Heinz and Wiechert, Wolfgang}, title = {Developing a new production host from a blueprint: Bacillus pumilus as an industrial enzyme producer}, series = {Microbial cell factories}, volume = {13}, journal = {Microbial cell factories}, publisher = {BioMed Central}, address = {London}, issn = {1475-2859 (E-Journal)}, doi = {10.1186/1475-2859-13-46}, pages = {Article No. 46}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{KurowskiSchultzeLuethetal.2001, author = {Kurowski, A. and Schultze, J.W. and L{\"u}th, H. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Micro- and nanopatterning of sensor chips by means of macroporous silicon}, series = {Transducers '01 Eurosensors XV : digest of technical papers / the 11th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators, June 10-14, 2001, Munich, Germany. Ernst Obermeier (Ed.)}, journal = {Transducers '01 Eurosensors XV : digest of technical papers / the 11th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators, June 10-14, 2001, Munich, Germany. Ernst Obermeier (Ed.)}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin [u.a.]}, isbn = {3-540-42150-5}, pages = {640 -- 643}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @article{KurowskiSchultzeLuethetal.2002, author = {Kurowski, A. and Schultze, J. and L{\"u}th, H. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Micro- and nanopatterning of sensor chips by means of macroporous silicon.}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B. 83 (2002), H. 1-3}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B. 83 (2002), H. 1-3}, isbn = {0925-4005}, pages = {123 -- 128}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @article{KraemerPitaZhouetal.2009, author = {Kr{\"a}mer, Melina and Pita, Marcos and Zhou, Jian and Ornatska, Maryna and Poghossian, Arshak and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Katz, Evgeny}, title = {Coupling of Biocomputing Systems with Electronic Chips: Electronic Interface for Transduction of Biochemical Information}, series = {Journal of Physical Chemistry C: Nanomaterials and Interfaces. 113 (2009), H. 6}, journal = {Journal of Physical Chemistry C: Nanomaterials and Interfaces. 113 (2009), H. 6}, publisher = {American Cemical Society}, address = {Washington, DC}, isbn = {1932-7455}, pages = {2573 -- 2579}, year = {2009}, language = {en} } @article{KraemerBongaertsBovenbergetal.2003, author = {Kr{\"a}mer, Marco and Bongaerts, Johannes and Bovenberg, Roel and Kremer, Susanne and M{\"u}ller, Ulrike and Orf, Sonja and Wubbolts, Marcel and Raeven, Leon}, title = {Metabolic engineering for microbial production of shikimic acid}, series = {Metabolic engineering}, volume = {Vol. 5}, journal = {Metabolic engineering}, number = {Iss. 4}, issn = {1096-7184 (E-Journal); 1096-7176 (Print)}, pages = {277 -- 283}, year = {2003}, language = {en} } @article{KramerHalamkovaPoghossianetal.2013, author = {Kramer, Friederike and Halamkova, Lenka and Poghossian, Arshak and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Katz, Evgeny and Halamek, Jan}, title = {Biocatalytic analysis of biomarkers for forensic identification of ethnicity between Caucasian and African American}, series = {The analyst. August 2013}, volume = {Vol. 138}, journal = {The analyst. August 2013}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1364-5528 (E-Journal); 0003-2654 (Print)}, pages = {6251 -- 6257}, year = {2013}, language = {en} } @article{KrafftFoersterHartetal.2001, author = {Krafft, B. and F{\"o}rster, Arnold and Hart, A. van der and Sch{\"a}pers, T.}, title = {Control of Aharonov-Bohm oscillations in a AlGaAs/GaAs ring by asymmetric and symmetric gate biasing}, series = {Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures. 9 (2001), H. 4}, journal = {Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures. 9 (2001), H. 4}, isbn = {1386-9477}, pages = {635 -- 641}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @article{KochPoghossianSchoeningetal.2018, author = {Koch, Claudia and Poghossian, Arshak and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Wege, Christian}, title = {Penicillin Detection by Tobacco Mosaic Virus-Assisted Colorimetric Biosensors}, series = {Nanotheranostics}, volume = {2}, journal = {Nanotheranostics}, number = {2}, publisher = {Ivyspring}, address = {Sydney}, issn = {2206-7418}, doi = {10.7150/ntno.22114}, pages = {184 -- 196}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The presentation of enzymes on viral scaffolds has beneficial effects such as an increased enzyme loading and a prolonged reusability in comparison to conventional immobilization platforms. Here, we used modified tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) nanorods as enzyme carriers in penicillin G detection for the first time. Penicillinase enzymes were conjugated with streptavidin and coupled to TMV rods by use of a bifunctional biotin-linker. Penicillinase-decorated TMV particles were characterized extensively in halochromic dye-based biosensing. Acidometric analyte detection was performed with bromcresol purple as pH indicator and spectrophotometry. The TMV-assisted sensors exhibited increased enzyme loading and strongly improved reusability, and higher analysis rates compared to layouts without viral adapters. They extended the half-life of the sensors from 4 - 6 days to 5 weeks and thus allowed an at least 8-fold longer use of the sensors. Using a commercial budget-priced penicillinase preparation, a detection limit of 100 µM penicillin was obtained. Initial experiments also indicate that the system may be transferred to label-free detection layouts.}, language = {en} } @article{KloockMourzinaErmolenkoetal.2004, author = {Kloock, Joachim P. and Mourzina, Y.G. and Ermolenko, Y. and Doll, T. and Schubert, J. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Inorganic thin-film sensor membranes with PLD-prepared chalcogenide glasses: Challenges and implementation}, series = {Sensors. 4 (2004), H. 10}, journal = {Sensors. 4 (2004), H. 10}, isbn = {1424-8220}, pages = {156 -- 162}, year = {2004}, language = {en} } @article{KloockMourzinaSchubertetal.2004, author = {Kloock, Joachim P. and Mourzina, Y. and Schubert, J. and Ermelenko, Y. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Pulsed laser deposition: A tool for fabricating thin-film microsensors}, series = {Biomedizinische Technik. 49 (2004), H. 2}, journal = {Biomedizinische Technik. 49 (2004), H. 2}, isbn = {0932-4666}, pages = {1032 -- 1033}, year = {2004}, language = {en} } @article{KloockMorenoBratovetal.2006, author = {Kloock, Joachim P. and Moreno, Lia and Bratov, A. and Huachupoma, S. and Xu, J. and Wagner, Torsten and Yoshinobu, T. and Ermolenko, Y. and Vlasov, Y. G. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {PLD-prepared cadmium sensors based on chalcogenide glasses —ISFET, LAPS and \&\#956;ISE semiconductor structures}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 118 (2006), H. 1-2}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 118 (2006), H. 1-2}, isbn = {0925-4005}, pages = {149 -- 155}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @article{KirchnerReisertPuetzetal.2012, author = {Kirchner, Patrick and Reisert, Steffen and P{\"u}tz, Patrick and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Characterisation of polymeric materials as passivation layer for calorimetric H2O2 gas sensors}, series = {Physica Status Solidi (a)}, volume = {209}, journal = {Physica Status Solidi (a)}, number = {5}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1862-6319}, doi = {10.1002/pssa.201100773}, pages = {859 -- 863}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Calorimetric gas sensors for monitoring the H₂O₂ concentration at elevated temperatures in industrial sterilisation processes have been presented in previous works. These sensors are built up in form of a differential set-up of a catalytically active and passive temperature-sensitive structure. Although, various types of catalytically active dispersions have been studied, the passivation layer has to be established and therefore, chemically as well as physically characterised. In the present work, fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), perfluoralkoxy (PFA) and epoxy-based SU-8 photoresist as temperature-stable polymeric materials have been investigated for sensor passivation in terms of their chemical inertness against H₂O₂, their hygroscopic properties as well as their morphology. The polymeric materials were deposited via spin-coating on the temperature-sensitive structure, wherein spin-coated FEP and PFA show slight agglomerates. However, they possess a low absorption of humidity due to their hydrophobic surface, whereas the SU-8 layer has a closed surface but shows a slightly higher absorption of water. All of them were inert against gaseous H₂O₂ during the characterisation in H₂O₂ atmosphere that demonstrates their suitability as passivation layer for calorimetric H₂O₂ gas sensors.}, language = {en} } @article{KirchnerOberlaenderSusoetal.2013, author = {Kirchner, Patrick and Oberl{\"a}nder, Jan and Suso, Henri-Pierre and Rysstad, Gunnar and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Towards a wireless sensor system for real-time H2O2 monitoring in aseptic food processes}, series = {Physica status solidi (a)}, volume = {210}, journal = {Physica status solidi (a)}, number = {5}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1862-6319}, doi = {10.1002/pssa.201200920}, pages = {877 -- 883}, year = {2013}, abstract = {A wireless sensor system based on the industrial ZigBee standard for low-rate wireless networking was developed that enables real-time monitoring of gaseous H2O2 during the package sterilization in aseptic food processes. The sensor system consists of a remote unit connected to a calorimetric gas sensor, which was already established in former works, and an external base unit connected to a laptop computer. The remote unit was built up by an XBee radio frequency (RF) module for data communication and a programmable system-on-chip controller to read out the sensor signal and process the sensor data, whereas the base unit is a second XBee RF module. For the rapid H2O2 detection on various locations inside the package that has to be sterilized, a novel read-out strategy of the calorimetric gas sensor was established, wherein the sensor response is measured within the short sterilization time and correlated with the present H2O2 concentration. In an exemplary measurement application in an aseptic filling machinery, the suitability of the new, wireless sensor system was demonstrated, wherein the influence of the gas velocity on the H2O2 distribution inside a package was determined and verified with microbiological tests.}, language = {en} } @article{KirchnerOberlaenderSucoetal.2013, author = {Kirchner, Patrick and Oberl{\"a}nder, Jan and Suco, Henri-Pierre and Rysstad, Gunnar and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Monitoring the microbicidal effectiveness of gaseous hydrogen peroxide in sterilisation processes by means of a calorimetric gas sensor}, series = {Food control}, volume = {31}, journal = {Food control}, number = {2}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0956-7135}, doi = {10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.11.048}, pages = {530 -- 538}, year = {2013}, abstract = {In the present work, a novel method for monitoring sterilisation processes with gaseous H2O2 in combination with heat activation by means of a specially designed calorimetric gas sensor was evaluated. Therefore, the sterilisation process was extensively studied by using test specimens inoculated with Bacillus atrophaeus spores in order to identify the most influencing process factors on its microbicidal effectiveness. Besides the contact time of the test specimens with gaseous H2O2 varied between 0.2 and 0.5 s, the present H2O2 concentration in a range from 0 to 8\% v/v (volume percent) had a strong influence on the microbicidal effectiveness, whereas the change of the vaporiser temperature, gas flow and humidity were almost negligible. Furthermore, a calorimetric H2O2 gas sensor was characterised in the sterilisation process with gaseous H2O2 in a wide range of parameter settings, wherein the measurement signal has shown a linear response against the H2O2 concentration with a sensitivity of 4.75 °C/(\% v/v). In a final step, a correlation model by matching the measurement signal of the gas sensor with the microbial inactivation kinetics was established that demonstrates its suitability as an efficient method for validating the microbicidal effectiveness of sterilisation processes with gaseous H2O2.}, language = {en} } @article{KirchnerOberlaenderFriedrichetal.2010, author = {Kirchner, Patrick and Oberl{\"a}nder, Jan and Friedrich, Peter and Rysstad, G. and Berger, J. and Keusgen, M. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Realization of a calorimetric gas sensor on polyimide foil for applications in aseptic food industry}, series = {Procedia Engineering. 5 (2010)}, journal = {Procedia Engineering. 5 (2010)}, isbn = {1877-7058}, pages = {264 -- 267}, year = {2010}, language = {en} } @article{KirchnerOberlaenderFriedrichetal.2011, author = {Kirchner, Patrick and Oberl{\"a}nder, Jan and Friedrich, Peter and Berger, J{\"o}rg and Suso, Henri-Pierre and Kupyna, Andriy and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Optimisation and fabrication of a calorimetric gas sensor built up on a polyimide substrate for H2O2 monitoring}, series = {Physica status solidi (a) : applications and material science. 208 (2011), H. 6}, journal = {Physica status solidi (a) : applications and material science. 208 (2011), H. 6}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Weinheim}, isbn = {1862-6319}, pages = {1235 -- 1240}, year = {2011}, language = {en} } @article{KirchnerOberlaenderFriedrichetal.2012, author = {Kirchner, Patrick and Oberl{\"a}nder, Jan and Friedrich, Peter and Berger, J{\"o}rg and Rysstad, Gunnar and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Keusgen, Michael}, title = {Realisation of a calorimetric gas sensor on polyimide foil for applications in aseptic food industry}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical}, volume = {170}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0925-4005}, doi = {10.1016/j.snb.2011.01.032}, pages = {60 -- 66}, year = {2012}, abstract = {A calorimetric gas sensor is presented for the monitoring of vapour-phase H2O2 at elevated temperature during sterilisation processes in aseptic food industry. The sensor was built up on a flexible polyimide foil (thickness: 25 μm) that has been chosen due to its thermal stability and low thermal conductivity. The sensor set-up consists of two temperature-sensitive platinum thin-film resistances passivated by a layer of SU-8 photo resist and catalytically activated by manganese(IV) oxide. Instead of an active heating structure, the calorimetric sensor utilises the elevated temperature of the evaporated H2O2 aerosol. In an experimental test rig, the sensor has shown a sensitivity of 4.78 °C/(\%, v/v) in a H2O2 concentration range of 0\%, v/v to 8\%, v/v. Furthermore, the sensor possesses the same, unchanged sensor signal even at varied medium temperatures between 210 °C and 270 °C of the gas stream. At flow rates of the gas stream from 8 m3/h to 12 m3/h, the sensor has shown only a slightly reduced sensitivity at a low flow rate of 8 m3/h. The sensor characterisation demonstrates the suitability of the calorimetric gas sensor for monitoring the efficiency of industrial sterilisation processes.}, language = {en} } @article{KirchnerLiSpelthahnetal.2011, author = {Kirchner, Patrick and Li, Bin and Spelthahn, Heiko and Henkel, Hartmut and Schneider, Andreas and Friedrich, Peter and Kolstad, Jens and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Thin-film calorimetric H2O2 gas sensor for the validation of germicidal effectivity in aseptic filling processes}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 154 (2011), H. 2}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 154 (2011), H. 2}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, isbn = {1873-3077}, pages = {257 -- 263}, year = {2011}, language = {en} } @article{KirchnerLiSpelthahnetal.2009, author = {Kirchner, Patrick and Li, B. and Spelthahn, H. and Henkel, H. and Friedrich, P. and Kolstad, J. and Keusgen, M. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Thin-film calorimetric H2O2 gas sensor for the validation of germicidal effectivity in aseptic filling processes}, series = {Procedia Chemistry. 1 (2009), H. 1}, journal = {Procedia Chemistry. 1 (2009), H. 1}, isbn = {1876-6196}, pages = {983 -- 986}, year = {2009}, language = {en} } @article{KhaydukovaZadorozhnayaKirsanovetal.2014, author = {Khaydukova, M. M. and Zadorozhnaya, O. A. and Kirsanov, D. O. and Iken, Heiko and Rolka, David and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Babain, V. A. and Vlasov, Yu. G. and Legin, A. V.}, title = {Multivariate processing of atomic-force microscopy images for detection of the response of plasticized polymeric membranes}, series = {Russian journal of applied chemistry}, volume = {87}, journal = {Russian journal of applied chemistry}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {1608-3296 (E-Journal); 1070-4272 (Print)}, doi = {10.1134/S1070427214030112}, pages = {307 -- 314}, year = {2014}, abstract = {The possibility of using the atomic-force microscopy as a method for detection of the analytical signal from plasticized polymeric sensor membranes was analyzed. The surfaces of cadmium-selective membranes based on two polymeric matrices were examined. The digital images were processed with multivariate image analysis techniques. A correlation was found between the surface profile of an ion-selective membrane and the concentration of the ion in solution.}, language = {en} } @article{KeusgenJuengerKrestetal.2003, author = {Keusgen, Michael and J{\"u}nger, Martina and Krest, Ingo and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Biosensoric detection of the cysteine sulphoxide alliin}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B. 95 (2003), H. 1-3}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B. 95 (2003), H. 1-3}, isbn = {0925-4005}, pages = {297 -- 302}, year = {2003}, language = {en} } @article{KeusgenSchoening2004, author = {Keusgen, M. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Strategies for biosensoric detection of potential drugs in nature}, series = {Biomedizinische Technik. 49 (2004), H. 2}, journal = {Biomedizinische Technik. 49 (2004), H. 2}, isbn = {0932-4666}, pages = {1004 -- 1005}, year = {2004}, language = {en} } @article{KeusgenKloockKnobbeetal.2004, author = {Keusgen, M. and Kloock, Joachim P. and Knobbe, D.-T. and J{\"u}nger, M. and Krest, I. and Goldbach, M. and Klein, W. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Direct determination of cyanides by potentiometric biosensors}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B. 103 (2004), H. 1-2}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B. 103 (2004), H. 1-2}, isbn = {0925-4005}, pages = {380 -- 385}, year = {2004}, language = {en} } @article{KeusgenJuengerSchoening2002, author = {Keusgen, M. and J{\"u}nger, M. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Biosensoric detection of the cysteine sulphoxide alliin}, series = {Book of abstracts / ed. by J. Saneistr.}, journal = {Book of abstracts / ed. by J. Saneistr.}, publisher = {Czech Technical University, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Department of Measurement}, address = {Prague}, isbn = {80-01-02576-4}, pages = {1175 -- 1178}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @article{KeusgenJuengerKrestetal.2003, author = {Keusgen, M. and J{\"u}nger, M. and Krest, I. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Development of a biosensor specific for cysteine sulfoxides}, series = {Biosensors \& Bioelectronics. 18 (2003), H. 5-6}, journal = {Biosensors \& Bioelectronics. 18 (2003), H. 5-6}, isbn = {0956-5663}, pages = {805 -- 812}, year = {2003}, language = {en} } @article{KatzPoghossianSchoening2017, author = {Katz, Evgeny and Poghossian, Arshak and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Enzyme-based logic gates and circuits - analytical applications and interfacing with electronics}, series = {Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry}, volume = {409}, journal = {Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {1618-2650}, doi = {10.1007/s00216-016-0079-7}, pages = {81 -- 94}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The paper is an overview of enzyme-based logic gates and their short circuits, with specific examples of Boolean AND and OR gates, and concatenated logic gates composed of multi-step enzyme-biocatalyzed reactions. Noise formation in the biocatalytic reactions and its decrease by adding a "filter" system, converting convex to sigmoid response function, are discussed. Despite the fact that the enzyme-based logic gates are primarily considered as components of future biomolecular computing systems, their biosensing applications are promising for immediate practical use. Analytical use of the enzyme logic systems in biomedical and forensic applications is discussed and exemplified with the logic analysis of biomarkers of various injuries, e.g., liver injury, and with analysis of biomarkers characteristic of different ethnicity found in blood samples on a crime scene. Interfacing of enzyme logic systems with modified electrodes and semiconductor devices is discussed, giving particular attention to the interfaces functionalized with signal-responsive materials. Future perspectives in the design of the biomolecular logic systems and their applications are discussed in the conclusion.}, language = {en} } @article{KassabHanPoghossianetal.2004, author = {Kassab, T. and Han, Y. and Poghossian, Arshak and Ingebrandt, S. and Offenh{\"a}usser, A. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Detection of layerby-layer adsorbed polyelectrolytes by means of field-effect based capacitive EIS structures}, series = {Biomedizinische Technik. 49 (2004), H. 2}, journal = {Biomedizinische Technik. 49 (2004), H. 2}, isbn = {0932-4666}, pages = {1034 -- 1035}, year = {2004}, language = {en} } @article{KarschuckSchmidtAchtsnichtetal.2023, author = {Karschuck, Tobias and Schmidt, Stefan and Achtsnicht, Stefan and Poghossian, Arshak and Wagner, Patrick and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Multiplexing system for automated characterization of a capacitive field-effect sensor array}, series = {Physica Status Solidi A}, volume = {220}, journal = {Physica Status Solidi A}, number = {22}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1862-6300 (Print)}, doi = {10.1002/pssa.202300265}, pages = {7 Seiten}, year = {2023}, abstract = {In comparison to single-analyte devices, multiplexed systems for a multianalyte detection offer a reduced assay time and sample volume, low cost, and high throughput. Herein, a multiplexing platform for an automated quasi-simultaneous characterization of multiple (up to 16) capacitive field-effect sensors by the capacitive-voltage (C-V) and the constant-capacitance (ConCap) mode is presented. The sensors are mounted in a newly designed multicell arrangement with one common reference electrode and are electrically connected to the impedance analyzer via the base station. A Python script for the automated characterization of the sensors executes the user-defined measurement protocol. The developed multiplexing system is tested for pH measurements and the label-free detection of ligand-stabilized, charged gold nanoparticles.}, language = {en} } @article{KarschuckPoghossianSeretal.2024, author = {Karschuck, Tobias and Poghossian, Arshak and Ser, Joey and Tsokolakyan, Astghik and Achtsnicht, Stefan and Wagner, Patrick and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Capacitive model of enzyme-modified field-effect biosensors: Impact of enzyme coverage}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical}, volume = {408}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0925-4005 (Print)}, doi = {10.1016/j.snb.2024.135530}, pages = {12 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor capacitors (EISCAP) belong to field-effect sensors having an attractive transducer architecture for constructing various biochemical sensors. In this study, a capacitive model of enzyme-modified EISCAPs has been developed and the impact of the surface coverage of immobilized enzymes on its capacitance-voltage and constant-capacitance characteristics was studied theoretically and experimentally. The used multicell arrangement enables a multiplexed electrochemical characterization of up to sixteen EISCAPs. Different enzyme coverages have been achieved by means of parallel electrical connection of bare and enzyme-covered single EISCAPs in diverse combinations. As predicted by the model, with increasing the enzyme coverage, both the shift of capacitance-voltage curves and the amplitude of the constant-capacitance signal increase, resulting in an enhancement of analyte sensitivity of the EISCAP biosensor. In addition, the capability of the multicell arrangement with multi-enzyme covered EISCAPs for sequentially detecting multianalytes (penicillin and urea) utilizing the enzymes penicillinase and urease has been experimentally demonstrated and discussed.}, language = {en} } @article{KarschuckKaulenPoghossianetal.2021, author = {Karschuck, Tobias and Kaulen, Corinna and Poghossian, Arshak and Wagner, Patrick H. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Gold nanoparticle-modified capacitive field-effect sensors: Studying the surface density of nanoparticles and coupling of charged polyelectrolyte macromolecules}, series = {Electrochemical Science Advances}, volume = {2}, journal = {Electrochemical Science Advances}, number = {5}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {0938-5193}, doi = {10.1002/elsa.202100179}, pages = {10 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The coupling of ligand-stabilized gold nanoparticles with field-effect devices offers new possibilities for label-free biosensing. In this work, we study the immobilization of aminooctanethiol-stabilized gold nanoparticles (AuAOTs) on the silicon dioxide surface of a capacitive field-effect sensor. The terminal amino group of the AuAOT is well suited for the functionalization with biomolecules. The attachment of the positively-charged AuAOTs on a capacitive field-effect sensor was detected by direct electrical readout using capacitance-voltage and constant capacitance measurements. With a higher particle density on the sensor surface, the measured signal change was correspondingly more pronounced. The results demonstrate the ability of capacitive field-effect sensors for the non-destructive quantitative validation of nanoparticle immobilization. In addition, the electrostatic binding of the polyanion polystyrene sulfonate to the AuAOT-modified sensor surface was studied as a model system for the label-free detection of charged macromolecules. Most likely, this approach can be transferred to the label-free detection of other charged molecules such as enzymes or antibodies.}, language = {en} } @article{KarschuckFilipovBollellaetal.2019, author = {Karschuck, T. L. and Filipov, Y. and Bollella, P. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Katz, E.}, title = {Not-XOR (NXOR) logic gate based on an enzyme-catalyzed reaction}, series = {International Journal of Unconventional Computing}, volume = {14}, journal = {International Journal of Unconventional Computing}, number = {3-4}, publisher = {Old City Publishing}, address = {Philadelphia}, issn = {1548-7199}, pages = {235 -- 242}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Enzyme-catalyzed reactions have been designed to mimic various Boolean logic gates in the general framework of unconventional biomolecular computing. While some of the logic gates, particularly OR, AND, are easy to realize with biocatalytic reactions and have been reported in numerous publications, some other, like NXOR, are very challenging and have not been realized yet with enzyme reactions. The paper reports on a novel approach to mimicking the NXOR logic gate using the bell-shaped enzyme activity dependent on pH values. Shifting pH from the optimum value to the acidic or basic values by using acid or base inputs (meaning 1,0 and 0,1 inputs) inhibits the enzyme reaction, while keeping the optimum pH (assuming 0,0 and 1,1 input combinations) preserves a high enzyme activity. The challenging part of the present approach is the selection of an enzyme with a well-demonstrated bell-shape activity dependence on the pH value. While many enzymes can satisfy this condition, we selected pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)-dependent glucose dehydrogenase as this enzyme has the optimum pH center-located on the pH scale allowing the enzyme activity change by the acidic and basic pH shift from the optimum value corresponding to the highest activity. The present NXOR gate is added to the biomolecular "toolbox" as a new example of Boolean logic gates based on enzyme reactions.}, language = {en} } @article{JildehWagnerSchoeningetal.2015, author = {Jildeh, Zaid B. and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Pieper, Martin}, title = {Simulating the electromagnetic-thermal treatment of thin aluminium layers for adhesion improvement}, series = {Physica status solidi (a)}, volume = {Vol. 212}, journal = {Physica status solidi (a)}, number = {6}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1862-6319}, doi = {10.1002/pssa.201431893}, pages = {1234 -- 1241}, year = {2015}, abstract = {A composite layer material used in packaging industry is made from joining layers of different materials using an adhesive. An important processing step in the production of aluminium-containing composites is the surface treatment and consequent coating of adhesive material on the aluminium surface. To increase adhesion strength between aluminium layer and the adhesive material, the foil is heat treated. For efficient heating, induction heating was considered as state-of-the-art treatment process. Due to the complexity of the heating process and the unpredictable nature of the heating source, the control of the process is not yet optimised. In this work, a finite element analysis of the process was established and various process parameters were studied. The process was simplified and modelled in 3D. The numerical model contains an air domain, an aluminium layer and a copper coil fitted with a magnetic field concentrating material. The effect of changing the speed of the aluminium foil (or rolling speed) was studied with the change of the coil current. Statistical analysis was used for generating a general control equation of coil current with changing rolling speed.}, language = {en} } @article{JildehWagnerSchoening2021, author = {Jildeh, Zaid B. and Wagner, Patrick H. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Sterilization of Objects, Products, and Packaging Surfaces and Their Characterization in Different Fields of Industry: The Status in 2020}, series = {physica status solidi (a) applications and materials science}, volume = {218}, journal = {physica status solidi (a) applications and materials science}, number = {13}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1862-6319}, doi = {10.1002/pssa.202000732}, pages = {27 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The treatment method to deactivate viable microorganisms from objects or products is termed sterilization. There are multiple forms of sterilization, each intended to be applied for a specific target, which depends on—but not limited to—the thermal, physical, and chemical stability of that target. Herein, an overview on the currently used sterilization processes in the global market is provided. Different sterilization techniques are grouped under a category that describes the method of treatment: radiation (gamma, electron beam, X-ray, and ultraviolet), thermal (dry and moist heat), and chemical (ethylene oxide, ozone, chlorine dioxide, and hydrogen peroxide). For each sterilization process, the typical process parameters as defined by regulations and the mode of antimicrobial activity are summarized. Finally, the recommended microorganisms that are used as biological indicators to validate sterilization processes in accordance with the rules that are established by various regulatory agencies are summarized.}, language = {en} }