@article{DachwaldUlamecPostbergetal.2020,
  author    = {Dachwald, Bernd and Ulamec, Stephan and Postberg, Frank and Sohl, Frank and Vera, Jean-Pierre de and Christoph, Waldmann and Lorenz, Ralph D. and Hellard, Hugo and Biele, Jens and Rettberg, Petra},
  title     = {Key technologies and instrumentation for subsurface exploration of ocean worlds},
  series = {Space Science Reviews},
  volume    = {216},
  journal   = {Space Science Reviews},
  number    = {Art. 83},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Dordrecht},
  issn      = {1572-9672},
  doi       = {10.1007/s11214-020-00707-5},
  pages     = {45},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {In this chapter, the key technologies and the instrumentation required for the subsurface exploration of ocean worlds are discussed. The focus is laid on Jupiter's moon Europa and Saturn's moon Enceladus because they have the highest potential for such missions in the near future. The exploration of their oceans requires landing on the surface, penetrating the thick ice shell with an ice-penetrating probe, and probably diving with an underwater vehicle through dozens of kilometers of water to the ocean floor, to have the chance to find life, if it exists. Technologically, such missions are extremely challenging. The required key technologies include power generation, communications, pressure resistance, radiation hardness, corrosion protection, navigation, miniaturization, autonomy, and sterilization and cleaning. Simpler mission concepts involve impactors and penetrators or - in the case of Enceladus - plume-fly-through missions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{DachwaldUlamecKowalskietal.2023,
  author    = {Dachwald, Bernd and Ulamec, Stephan and Kowalski, Julia and Boxberg, Marc S. and Baader, Fabian and Biele, Jens and K{\"o}mle, Norbert},
  title     = {Ice melting probes},
  series = {Handbook of Space Resources},
  booktitle = {Handbook of Space Resources},
  editor    = {Badescu, Viorel and Zacny, Kris and Bar-Cohen, Yoseph},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-030-97912-6 (Print)},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-030-97913-3_29},
  pages     = {955 -- 996},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {The exploration of icy environments in the solar system, such as the poles of Mars and the icy moons (a.k.a. ocean worlds), is a key aspect for understanding their astrobiological potential as well as for extraterrestrial resource inspection. On these worlds, ice melting probes are considered to be well suited for the robotic clean execution of such missions. In this chapter, we describe ice melting probes and their applications, the physics of ice melting and how the melting behavior can be modeled and simulated numerically, the challenges for ice melting, and the required key technologies to deal with those challenges. We also give an overview of existing ice melting probes and report some results and lessons learned from laboratory and field tests.},
  language  = {en}
}