@article{SchulteTiggesFoersterNikolovskietal.2022,
  author    = {Schulte-Tigges, Joschua and F{\"o}rster, Marco and Nikolovski, Gjorgji and Reke, Michael and Ferrein, Alexander and Kaszner, Daniel and Matheis, Dominik and Walter, Thomas},
  title     = {Benchmarking of various LiDAR sensors for use in self-driving vehicles in real-world environments},
  series = {Sensors},
  volume    = {22},
  journal   = {Sensors},
  number    = {19},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {1424-8220},
  doi       = {10.3390/s22197146},
  pages     = {20 Seiten},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Abstract In this paper, we report on our benchmark results of the LiDAR sensors Livox Horizon, Robosense M1, Blickfeld Cube, Blickfeld Cube Range, Velodyne Velarray H800, and Innoviz Pro. The idea was to test the sensors in different typical scenarios that were defined with real-world use cases in mind, in order to find a sensor that meet the requirements of self-driving vehicles. For this, we defined static and dynamic benchmark scenarios. In the static scenarios, both LiDAR and the detection target do not move during the measurement. In dynamic scenarios, the LiDAR sensor was mounted on the vehicle which was driving toward the detection target. We tested all mentioned LiDAR sensors in both scenarios, show the results regarding the detection accuracy of the targets, and discuss their usefulness for deployment in self-driving cars.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{CollPeralesSchulteTiggesRondinoneetal.2022,
  author    = {Coll-Perales, Baldomero and Schulte-Tigges, Joschua and Rondinone, Michele and Gozalvez, Javier and Reke, Michael and Matheis, Dominik and Walter, Thomas},
  title     = {Prototyping and evaluation of infrastructure-assisted transition of control for cooperative automated vehicles},
  series = {IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems},
  volume    = {23},
  journal   = {IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems},
  number    = {7},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  issn      = {1524-9050 (Print)},
  doi       = {10.1109/TITS.2021.3061085},
  pages     = {6720 -- 6736},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Automated driving is now possible in diverse road and traffic conditions. However, there are still situations that automated vehicles cannot handle safely and efficiently. In this case, a Transition of Control (ToC) is necessary so that the driver takes control of the driving. Executing a ToC requires the driver to get full situation awareness of the driving environment. If the driver fails to get back the control in a limited time, a Minimum Risk Maneuver (MRM) is executed to bring the vehicle into a safe state (e.g., decelerating to full stop). The execution of ToCs requires some time and can cause traffic disruption and safety risks that increase if several vehicles execute ToCs/MRMs at similar times and in the same area. This study proposes to use novel C-ITS traffic management measures where the infrastructure exploits V2X communications to assist Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) in the execution of ToCs. The infrastructure can suggest a spatial distribution of ToCs, and inform vehicles of the locations where they could execute a safe stop in case of MRM. This paper reports the first field operational tests that validate the feasibility and quantify the benefits of the proposed infrastructure-assisted ToC and MRM management. The paper also presents the CAV and roadside infrastructure prototypes implemented and used in the trials. The conducted field trials demonstrate that infrastructure-assisted traffic management solutions can reduce safety risks and traffic disruptions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ChavezBermudezCruzCastanonRuchayetal.2022,
  author    = {Chavez Bermudez, Victor Francisco and Cruz Castanon, Victor Fernando and Ruchay, Marco and Wollert, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Rapid prototyping framework for automation applications based on IO-Link},
  series = {Tagungsband AALE 2022: Wissenstransfer im Spannungsfeld von Autonomisierung und Fachkr{\"a}ftemangel},
  booktitle = {Tagungsband AALE 2022: Wissenstransfer im Spannungsfeld von Autonomisierung und Fachkr{\"a}ftemangel},
  editor    = {Leipzig, Hochschule f{\"u}r Technik, Wirtschaft und Kultur},
  address   = {Leipzig},
  isbn      = {978-3-910103-00-9},
  doi       = {10.33968/2022.28},
  pages     = {8 Seiten},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {The development of protype applications with sensors and actuators in the automation industry requires tools that are independent of manufacturer, and are flexible enough to be modified or extended for any specific requirements. Currently, developing prototypes with industrial sensors and actuators is not straightforward. First of all, the exchange of information depends on the industrial protocol that these devices have. Second, a specific configuration and installation is done based on the hardware that is used, such as automation controllers or industrial gateways. This means that the development for a specific industrial protocol, highly depends on the hardware and the software that vendors provide. In this work we propose a rapid-prototyping framework based on Arduino to solve this problem. For this project we have focused to work with the IO-Link protocol. The framework consists of an Arduino shield that acts as the physical layer, and a software that implements the IO-Link Master protocol. The main advantage of such framework is that an application with industrial devices can be rapid-prototyped with ease as its vendor independent, open-source and can be ported easily to other Arduino compatible boards. In comparison, a typical approach requires proprietary hardware, is not easy to port to another system and is closed-source.},
  language  = {en}
}