@article{OberlaenderMayerGreeffetal.2018, author = {Oberl{\"a}nder, Jan and Mayer, Marlena and Greeff, Anton and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Spore-based biosensor to monitor the microbicidal efficacy of gaseous hydrogen peroxide sterilization processes}, series = {Biosensors and Bioelectronics}, volume = {104}, journal = {Biosensors and Bioelectronics}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0956-5663}, doi = {10.1016/j.bios.2017.12.045}, pages = {87 -- 94}, year = {2018}, abstract = {In this work, a spore-based biosensor is evaluated to monitor the microbicidal efficacy of sterilization processes applying gaseous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The sensor is based on interdigitated electrode structures (IDEs) that have been fabricated by means of thin-film technologies. Impedimetric measurements are applied to study the effect of sterilization process on spores of Bacillus atrophaeus. This resilient microorganism is commonly used in industry to proof the sterilization efficiency. The sensor measurements are accompanied by conventional microbiological challenge tests, as well as morphological characterizations with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The sensor measurements are correlated with the microbiological test routines. In both methods, namely the sensor-based and microbiological one, a tailing effect has been observed. The results are evaluated and discussed in a three-dimensional calibration plot demonstrating the sensor's suitability to enable a rapid process decision in terms of a successfully performed sterilization.}, language = {en} } @article{MuellerBeckersMussmannetal.2018, author = {M{\"u}ller, Janina and Beckers, Mario and Mußmann, Nina and Bongaerts, Johannes and B{\"u}chs, Jochen}, title = {Elucidation of auxotrophic deficiencies of Bacillus pumilus DSM 18097 to develop a defined minimal medium}, series = {Microbial Cell Factories}, volume = {17}, journal = {Microbial Cell Factories}, number = {1}, publisher = {BioMed Central}, issn = {1475-2859}, doi = {10.1186/s12934-018-0956-1}, pages = {Article No. 106}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Background Culture media containing complex compounds like yeast extract or peptone show numerous disadvantages. The chemical composition of the complex compounds is prone to significant variations from batch to batch and quality control is difficult. Therefore, the use of chemically defined media receives more and more attention in commercial fermentations. This concept results in better reproducibility, it simplifies downstream processing of secreted products and enable rapid scale-up. Culturing bacteria with unknown auxotrophies in chemically defined media is challenging and often not possible without an extensive trial-and-error approach. In this study, a respiration activity monitoring system for shake flasks and its recent version for microtiter plates were used to clarify unknown auxotrophic deficiencies in the model organism Bacillus pumilus DSM 18097. Results Bacillus pumilus DSM 18097 was unable to grow in a mineral medium without the addition of complex compounds. Therefore, a rich chemically defined minimal medium was tested containing basically all vitamins, amino acids and nucleobases, which are essential ingredients of complex components. The strain was successfully cultivated in this medium. By monitoring of the respiration activity, nutrients were supplemented to and omitted from the rich chemically defined medium in a rational way, thus enabling a systematic and fast determination of the auxotrophic deficiencies. Experiments have shown that the investigated strain requires amino acids, especially cysteine or histidine and the vitamin biotin for growth. Conclusions The introduced method allows an efficient and rapid identification of unknown auxotrophic deficiencies and can be used to develop a simple chemically defined tailor-made medium. B. pumilus DSM 18097 was chosen as a model organism to demonstrate the method. However, the method is generally suitable for a wide range of microorganisms. By combining a systematic combinatorial approach based on monitoring the respiration activity with cultivation in microtiter plates, high throughput experiments with high information content can be conducted. This approach facilitates media development, strain characterization and cultivation of fastidious microorganisms in chemically defined minimal media while simultaneously reducing the experimental effort.}, language = {en} } @article{MolinnusMuschallikGonzalezetal.2018, author = {Molinnus, Denise and Muschallik, Lukas and Gonzalez, Laura Osorio and Bongaerts, Johannes and Wagner, Torsten and Selmer, Thorsten and Siegert, Petra and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Development and characterization of a field-effect biosensor for the detection of acetoin}, series = {Biosensors and Bioelectronics}, volume = {115}, journal = {Biosensors and Bioelectronics}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.bios.2018.05.023}, pages = {1 -- 6}, year = {2018}, abstract = {A capacitive electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) field-effect biosensor for acetoin detection has been presented for the first time. The EIS sensor consists of a layer structure of Al/p-Si/SiO₂/Ta₂O₅/enzyme acetoin reductase. The enzyme, also referred to as butane-2,3-diol dehydrogenase from B. clausii DSM 8716T, has been recently characterized. The enzyme catalyzes the (R)-specific reduction of racemic acetoin to (R,R)- and meso-butane-2,3-diol, respectively. Two different enzyme immobilization strategies (cross-linking by using glutaraldehyde and adsorption) have been studied. Typical biosensor parameters such as optimal pH working range, sensitivity, hysteresis, linear concentration range and long-term stability have been examined by means of constant-capacitance (ConCap) mode measurements. Furthermore, preliminary experiments have been successfully carried out for the detection of acetoin in diluted white wine samples.}, language = {en} } @article{MolinnusHardtSiegertetal.2018, author = {Molinnus, Denise and Hardt, Gabriel and Siegert, Petra and Willenberg, Holger S. and Poghossian, Arshak and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Detection of Adrenaline in Blood Plasma as Biomarker for Adrenal Venous Sampling}, series = {Electroanalysis}, volume = {30}, journal = {Electroanalysis}, number = {5}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1521-4109}, doi = {10.1002/elan.201800026}, pages = {937 -- 942}, year = {2018}, abstract = {An amperometric bi-enzyme biosensor based on substrate recycling principle for the amplification of the sensor signal has been developed for the detection of adrenaline in blood. Adrenaline can be used as biomarker verifying successful adrenal venous sampling procedure. The adrenaline biosensor has been realized via modification of a galvanic oxygen sensor with a bi-enzyme membrane combining a genetically modified laccase and a pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent glucose dehydrogenase. The measurement conditions such as pH value and temperature were optimized to enhance the sensor performance. A high sensitivity and a low detection limit of about 0.5-1 nM adrenaline have been achieved in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4, relevant for measurements in blood samples. The sensitivity of the biosensor to other catecholamines such as noradrenaline, dopamine and dobutamine has been studied. Finally, the sensor has been successfully applied for the detection of adrenaline in human blood plasma.}, language = {en} } @article{MolinnusHardtKaeveretal.2018, author = {Molinnus, Denise and Hardt, G. and K{\"a}ver, L. and Willenberg, H.S. and Kr{\"o}ger, J.-C. and Poghossian, Arshak and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Chip-based biosensor for the detection of low adrenaline concentrations to support adrenal venous sampling}, series = {Sensor and Actuators B: Chemical}, volume = {272}, journal = {Sensor and Actuators B: Chemical}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0925-4005}, doi = {10.1016/j.snb.2018.05.136}, pages = {21 -- 27}, year = {2018}, abstract = {A chip-based amperometric biosensor referring on using the bioelectrocatalytical amplification principle for the detection of low adrenaline concentrations is presented. The adrenaline biosensor has been prepared by modification of a platinum thin-film electrode with an enzyme membrane containing the pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent glucose dehydrogenase and glutaraldehyde. Measuring conditions such as temperature, pH value, and glucose concentration have been optimized to achieve a high sensitivity and a low detection limit of about 1 nM adrenaline measured in phosphate buffer at neutral pH value. The response of the biosensor to different catecholamines has also been proven. Long-term stability of the adrenaline biosensor has been studied over 10 days. In addition, the biosensor has been successfully applied for adrenaline detection in human blood plasma for future biomedical applications. Furthermore, preliminary experiments have been carried to detect the adrenaline-concentration difference measured in peripheral blood and adrenal venous blood, representing the adrenal vein sampling procedure of a physician.}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoSekiSutoetal.2018, author = {Miyamoto, Koichiro and Seki, Kosuke and Suto, Takeyuki and Werner, Frederik and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo}, title = {Improved spatial resolution of the chemical imaging sensor with a hybrid illumination that suppresses lateral diffusion of photocarriers}, series = {Sensor and Actuators B: Chemical}, volume = {273}, journal = {Sensor and Actuators B: Chemical}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0925-4005}, doi = {10.1016/j.snb.2018.07.016}, pages = {1328 -- 1333}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The chemical imaging sensor is a semiconductor-based chemical sensor capable of visualizing pH and ion distributions. The spatial resolution depends on the lateral diffusion of photocarriers generated by illumination of the semiconductor substrate. In this study, two types of optical setups, one based on a bundle of optical fibers and the other based on a binocular tube head, were developed to project a hybrid illumination of a modulated light beam and a ring-shaped constant illumination onto the sensor plate. An improved spatial resolution was realized by the ring-shaped constant illumination, which suppressed lateral diffusion of photocarriers by enhanced recombination due to the increased carrier concentration.}, language = {en} } @article{MichelButenwegKinkel2018, author = {Michel, Philipp and Butenweg, Christoph and Kinkel, Sven}, title = {Pile-grid foundations of onshore wind turbines considering soil-structure-interaction under seismic loading}, series = {Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering}, volume = {109}, journal = {Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0267-7261}, doi = {10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.03.009}, pages = {299 -- 311}, year = {2018}, abstract = {In recent years, many onshore wind turbines are erected in seismic active regions and on soils with poor load bearing capacity, where pile grids are inevitable to transfer the loads into the ground. In this contribution, a realistic multi pile grid is designed to analyze the dynamics of a wind turbine tower including frequency dependent soil-structure-interaction. It turns out that different foundations on varying soil configurations heavily influence the vibration response. While the vibration amplitude is mostly attenuated, certain unfavorable combinations of structure and soil parameters lead to amplification in the range of the system's natural frequencies. This testifies the need for overall dynamic analysis in the assessment of the dynamic stability and the holistic frequency tuning of the turbines.}, language = {en} } @article{MichauxMatternKallweit2018, author = {Michaux, F. and Mattern, P. and Kallweit, Stephan}, title = {RoboPIV: how robotics enable PIV on a large industrial scale}, series = {Measurement Science and Technology}, volume = {29}, journal = {Measurement Science and Technology}, number = {7}, publisher = {IOP}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {1361-6501}, doi = {10.1088/1361-6501/aab5c1}, pages = {074009}, year = {2018}, abstract = {This work demonstrates how the interaction between particle image velocimetry (PIV) and robotics can massively increase measurement efficiency. The interdisciplinary approach is shown using the complex example of an automated, large scale, industrial environment: a typical automotive wind tunnel application. Both the high degree of flexibility in choosing the measurement region and the complete automation of stereo PIV measurements are presented. The setup consists of a combination of three robots, individually used as a 6D traversing unit for the laser illumination system as well as for each of the two cameras. Synchronised movements in the same reference frame are realised through a master-slave setup with a single interface to the user. By integrating the interface into the standard wind tunnel management system, a single measurement plane or a predefined sequence of several planes can be requested through a single trigger event, providing the resulting vector fields within minutes. In this paper, a brief overview on the demands of large scale industrial PIV and the existing solutions is given. Afterwards, the concept of RoboPIV is introduced as a new approach. In a first step, the usability of a selection of commercially available robot arms is analysed. The challenges of pose uncertainty and importance of absolute accuracy are demonstrated through comparative measurements, explaining the individual pros and cons of the analysed systems. Subsequently, the advantage of integrating RoboPIV directly into the existing wind tunnel management system is shown on basis of a typical measurement sequence. In a final step, a practical measurement procedure, including post-processing, is given by using real data and results. Ultimately, the benefits of high automation are demonstrated, leading to a drastic reduction in necessary measurement time compared to non-automated systems, thus massively increasing the efficiency of PIV measurements.}, language = {en} } @article{MatchaLjubasGueldemet2018, author = {Matcha, Heike and Ljubas, Ante and Gueldemet, Harun}, title = {Printing a Coffee Bar: An investigation into mid-scale 3D printing}, series = {Computing for a better tomorrow - Proceedings of the 36th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland, 19-21 September 2018}, journal = {Computing for a better tomorrow - Proceedings of the 36th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland, 19-21 September 2018}, editor = {Kepczynska-Walczak, A.}, pages = {59 -- 68}, year = {2018}, abstract = {We present and discuss an exploration of the possibilities and properties of 3D printing with a printing space of 1 cubic meter, and how those can be integrated into architectural education through an experimental design and research course with students of architecture.We expand on issues presented at the eCAADe conference 2017 in Rome [Ref 6] by increasing the complexity and size of our prints, printing not a model to scale, but a full scale funtional prototype of a usable architectural object: A coffee bar.}, language = {en} } @article{Lind2018, author = {Lind, Thorsten Patric}, title = {Neues zur Gesch{\"a}ftsf{\"u}hrerhaftung nach \S 64 GmbHG - Zugleich Anmerkung zu BGH vom 19.12.2017 - II ZR 88/16, DB 2018 S. 307, und vom 04.07.2017 - II ZR 319/15, DB 2017 S. 1959 -}, series = {Der Betrieb}, journal = {Der Betrieb}, number = {17}, publisher = {Fachmedien Otto Schmidt}, address = {D{\"u}sseldorf}, issn = {0005-9935}, pages = {1003 -- 1008}, year = {2018}, language = {de} } @article{LauraDrechslerErdtetal.2018, author = {Laura, C.O. and Drechsler, Klaus and Erdt, M. and Wesarg, S. and Bale, R.}, title = {Intervention assessment tool for primary tumors in the liver}, series = {Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering}, volume = {4}, journal = {Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering}, number = {1}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2364-5504}, doi = {10.1515/cdbme-2018-0081}, pages = {337 -- 340}, year = {2018}, abstract = {After a liver tumor intervention the medical doctor has to compare both pre and postoperative CT acquisitions to ensure that all carcinogenic cells are destroyed. A correct assessment of the intervention is of vital importance, since it will reduce the probability of tumor recurrence. Some methods have been proposed to support the medical doctors during the assessment process, however, all of them focus on secondary tumors. In this paper a tool is presented that enables the outcome validation for both primary and secondary tumors. Therefore, a multiphase registration (preoperative arterial and portal phases) followed by a registration between the pre and postoperative CT images is carried out. The first registration is in charge of the primary tumors that are only visible in the arterial phase. The secondary tumors will be incorporated in the second registration step. Finally, the part of the tumor that was not covered by the necrosis is quantified and visualized. The method has been tested in 9 patients, with an average registration error of 1.41 mm.}, language = {en} } @article{LapitanRogatkinPersheyevetal.2018, author = {Lapitan, Denis G. and Rogatkin, Dmitrii A. and Persheyev, Sydulla K. and Kotliar, Konstantin}, title = {False spectra formation in the differential two-channel scheme of the laser Doppler flowmeter}, series = {Biomedizinische Technik}, volume = {63}, journal = {Biomedizinische Technik}, number = {4}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {0013-5585}, doi = {10.1515/bmt-2017-0060}, pages = {439 -- 444}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Noise in the differential two-channel scheme of a classic laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) instrument was studied. Formation of false spectral components in the output signal due to beating of electrical signals in the differential amplifier was found out. The improved block-diagram of the flowmeter was developed allowing to reduce the noise.}, language = {en} } @article{KoenigWolf2018, author = {K{\"o}nig, Johannes Alexander and Wolf, Martin}, title = {GHOST: An Evaluated Competence Developing Game for Cybersecurity Awareness Training}, series = {International Journal on Advances in Security}, volume = {11}, journal = {International Journal on Advances in Security}, number = {3 \& 4}, publisher = {IARIA Journals}, issn = {1942-2636}, pages = {274 -- 287}, year = {2018}, abstract = {To train end users how to interact with digital systems is indispensable to ensure a strong computer security. 'Competence Developing Game'-based approaches are particularly suitable for this purpose because of their motivation-and simulation-aspects. In this paper the Competence Developing Game 'GHOST' for cybersecurity awareness trainings and its underlying patterns are described. Accordingly, requirements for an 'Competence Developing Game' based training are discussed. Based on these requirements it is shown how a game can fulfill these requirements. A supplementary game interaction design and a corresponding evaluation study is shown. The combination of training requirements and interaction design is used to create a 'Competence Developing Game'-based training concept. A part of these concept is implemented into a playable prototype that serves around one hour of play respectively training time. This prototype is used to perform an evaluation of the game and training aspects of the awareness training. Thereby, the quality of the game aspect and the effectiveness of the training aspect are shown.}, language = {en} } @article{Kurz2018, author = {Kurz, Melanie}, title = {Was heißt: Verantwortung im Design? Historische Positionen}, series = {Boxhorn: das Magazin aus dem Fachbereich Gestaltung der FH Aachen}, journal = {Boxhorn: das Magazin aus dem Fachbereich Gestaltung der FH Aachen}, number = {34}, address = {Aachen}, pages = {26 -- 33}, year = {2018}, language = {de} } @article{KunkelGebhardtMpofuetal.2018, author = {Kunkel, Maximilian Hugo and Gebhardt, Andreas and Mpofu, Khumbaulani and Kallweit, Stephan}, title = {Statistical assessment of mechanical properties of selective laser melted specimens of stainless steel}, series = {The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology}, volume = {98}, journal = {The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology}, number = {5-8}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {London}, issn = {0268-3768}, doi = {10.1007/s00170-018-2040-8}, pages = {1409 -- 1431}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The rail business is challenged by long product life cycles and a broad spectrum of assembly groups and single parts. When spare part obsolescence occurs, quick solutions are needed. A reproduction of obsolete parts is often connected to long waiting times and minimum lot quantities that need to be purchased and stored. Spare part storage is therefore challenged by growing stocks, bound capital and issues of part ageing. A possible solution could be a virtual storage of spare parts which will be 3D printed through additive manufacturing technologies in case of sudden demand. As mechanical properties of additive manufactured parts are neither guaranteed by machine manufacturers nor by service providers, the utilization of this relatively young technology is impeded and research is required to address these issues. This paper presents an examination of mechanical properties of specimens manufactured from stainless steel through the selective laser melting (SLM) process. The specimens were produced in multiple batches. This paper interrogates the question if the test results follow a normal distribution pattern and if mechanical property predictions can be made. The results will be put opposite existing threshold values provided as the industrial standard. Furthermore, probability predictions will be made in order to examine the potential of the SLM process to maintain state-of-the-art mechanical property requirements.}, language = {en} } @article{KotliarLanzl2018, author = {Kotliar, Konstantin and Lanzl, Ines}, title = {Vaskul{\"a}re Biomarker der retinalen Gef{\"a}βanalyse}, series = {Klinische Monatsbl{\"a}tter fur Augenheilkunde}, volume = {235}, journal = {Klinische Monatsbl{\"a}tter fur Augenheilkunde}, number = {12}, publisher = {Thieme}, address = {Stuttgart}, issn = {0023-2165}, doi = {10.1055/a-0774-7987}, pages = {1352 -- 1359}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Mit modernen nicht invasiven bildgebenden Verfahren lassen sich anhand der Fundusfotografie bzw. der optischen Verfilmung Aspekte der funktionellen und strukturellen retinalen Gef{\"a}ßver{\"a}nderungen objektiv untersuchen. Der Zustand und das Verhalten retinaler Gef{\"a}ße beeinflussen im pr{\"a}-, post- und kapillaren Bereich den Blutfluss und str{\"o}mungsbedingte Stoffwechselverh{\"a}ltnisse passiv und aktiv {\"u}ber den Gef{\"a}ßdurchmesser. Retinale Gef{\"a}ße gleichen von Aufbau und Funktion den zerebralen Gef{\"a}ßen und spiegeln den Zustand der Mikrozirkulation wider. Mithilfe von aus den Gef{\"a}ßweiten berechneten Biomarkern soll eine Aussage {\"u}ber die Prognose von systemischen vaskul{\"a}r bedingten Erkrankungen getroffen werden. Die statische retinale Gef{\"a}ßanalyse befasst sich mit der Untersuchung des Zustandes der pr{\"a}- und postkapillaren Gef{\"a}ßdurchmesser der retinalen Mikrozirkulation anhand einer optischen Fundusaufnahme. Bei der dynamischen retinalen Gef{\"a}ßanalyse wird der L{\"a}ngsschnitt eines retinalen Gef{\"a}ßes nicht invasiv funktionell und strukturell {\"u}ber einen Zeitraum vor, w{\"a}hrend und nach einer spezifischen vaskul{\"a}ren Stimulation untersucht. Die genaue Methodologie der Auswertung und die Bezeichnung der Parameter variieren bei unterschiedlichen Ans{\"a}tzen. Mittels retinaler Gef{\"a}ßanalyse wurden bislang mehrere klinische Querschnitts- und Interventionsstudien in der Augenheilkunde und anderen Fachgebieten, inkl. Kardiologie, Neurologie, Neurochirurgie, Nephrologie, Gyn{\"a}kologie, Sportmedizin, Diabetologie, Hypertensiologie usw. durchgef{\"u}hrt. Mit der statischen retinalen Gef{\"a}ßanalyse steht eine kosteng{\"u}nstige, reproduzierbare, nicht invasive Screeningtechnik zur Verf{\"u}gung, um eine prognostische Aussage {\"u}ber die Gef{\"a}ßgesundheit eines individuellen Patienten zu treffen. Die dynamische retinale Gef{\"a}ßanalyse besitzt ein weiteres diagnostisches Anwendungsspektrum als die statische, da sie das Verhalten retinaler Gef{\"a}ße zeitkontinuierlich untersucht. Die Evaluation vaskul{\"a}rer Erkrankungen sowie zerebro- bzw. kardiovaskul{\"a}rer Morbidit{\"a}t und Mortalit{\"a}t mittels mehrerer methodologischer Modalit{\"a}ten retinaler Gef{\"a}ßanalyse mit ihren jeweiligen quantitativen Biomarkern bietet eine zukunftstr{\"a}chtige diagnostische Perspektive. Die interdisziplin{\"a}re klinische Anwendung dieser vaskul{\"a}ren Biomarker gewinnt zunehmend an Bedeutung, sowohl in der Augenheilkunde als auch in anderen Fachgebieten.}, language = {de} } @article{KohlerKirschnerHermannsStaatetal.2018, author = {Kohler, Annette and Kirschner-Hermanns, Ruth and Staat, Manfred and Brehmer, Bernhard}, title = {Pathogenese, funktionelle und anatomische Aspekte der weiblichen Belastungsinkontinenz}, series = {Aktuelle Urologie}, volume = {49}, journal = {Aktuelle Urologie}, number = {1}, publisher = {Thieme}, address = {Stuttgart}, issn = {1438-8820}, doi = {10.1055/s-0043-120616}, pages = {47 -- 51}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Der vorliegende Artikel fokussiert sich auf die weibliche Belastungsinkontinenz als Insuffizienz der Speicherfunktion der Blase, auch wenn im klinischen Alltag die Harninkontinenz der Frau h{\"a}ufig verschiedene Ursachen hat und insbesondere eine Belastungsinkontinenz im Alter und bei neurologischer Komorbidit{\"a}t nur selten isoliert vorkommt. Das kleine Becken der Frau ist sowohl als Funktions- als auch als strukturelle Einheit zu betrachten. Dabei unterliegen bei der Frau Blase, Harnr{\"o}hre, Geb{\"a}rmutter und Enddarm sowie die muskul{\"a}ren und ligament{\"o}sen Strukturen des kleinen Beckens durch Fertilit{\"a}tsphase, m{\"o}gliche Schwangerschaften, Geburten und Menopausen-Phase, {\"u}ber das „normale Altern" hinaus, gravierenden Ver{\"a}nderungen. This article focuses on female stress incontinence in the form of pelvic floor dysfunction and urethral sphincter deficiency, although isolated stress incontinence accounts for less than half of all incontinence cases. Especially in women of old age and those with neurological comorbidities, the causes of incontinence are mostly multifactorial. Also it has to be considered that the female bladder, urethra, uterus and rectum as well as the muscular and ligamentous structures of the female pelvis minor are affected by phases of fertility, possible pregnancies, births and menopause in addition to the normal ageing process.}, language = {de} } @article{KochPoghossianSchoeningetal.2018, author = {Koch, Claudia and Poghossian, Arshak and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Wege, Christian}, title = {Penicillin Detection by Tobacco Mosaic Virus-Assisted Colorimetric Biosensors}, series = {Nanotheranostics}, volume = {2}, journal = {Nanotheranostics}, number = {2}, publisher = {Ivyspring}, address = {Sydney}, issn = {2206-7418}, doi = {10.7150/ntno.22114}, pages = {184 -- 196}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The presentation of enzymes on viral scaffolds has beneficial effects such as an increased enzyme loading and a prolonged reusability in comparison to conventional immobilization platforms. Here, we used modified tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) nanorods as enzyme carriers in penicillin G detection for the first time. Penicillinase enzymes were conjugated with streptavidin and coupled to TMV rods by use of a bifunctional biotin-linker. Penicillinase-decorated TMV particles were characterized extensively in halochromic dye-based biosensing. Acidometric analyte detection was performed with bromcresol purple as pH indicator and spectrophotometry. The TMV-assisted sensors exhibited increased enzyme loading and strongly improved reusability, and higher analysis rates compared to layouts without viral adapters. They extended the half-life of the sensors from 4 - 6 days to 5 weeks and thus allowed an at least 8-fold longer use of the sensors. Using a commercial budget-priced penicillinase preparation, a detection limit of 100 µM penicillin was obtained. Initial experiments also indicate that the system may be transferred to label-free detection layouts.}, language = {en} } @article{KlubertMalechaSparla2018, author = {Klubert, Joachim and Malecha, Hartmut and Sparla, Peter}, title = {Modernisierung der geod{\"a}tischen Messtechnik der Urfttalsperre}, series = {Wasserwirtschaft}, volume = {108}, journal = {Wasserwirtschaft}, number = {10}, publisher = {Springer Vieweg}, address = {Wiesbaden}, issn = {0043-0978}, pages = {14 -- 18}, year = {2018}, language = {de} } @article{KlockeRichertSube2018, author = {Klocke, Martina and Richert, Vera and Sube, Maike}, title = {Vier Jahre „Guter Studienstart im Ingenieurbereich": Entwicklung und Perspektiven des „Nullten Semesters" in Aachen}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Beratung und Studium}, volume = {13}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Beratung und Studium}, number = {1}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Webler}, address = {Bielefeld}, issn = {1860-3068}, pages = {17 -- 22}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Bereits 2015 wurde in der Zeitschrift „Qualit{\"a}t in der Wissenschaft" (QiW) {\"u}ber das Kooperationsprojekt „Guter Studienstart im Ingenieurbereich", das Orientierungssemester von RWTH und FH Aachen, berichtet. In diesem Artikel legen wir den Schwerpunkt auf die Entwicklung des Projekts in den Jahren 2015 bis 2018 und geben eine R{\"u}ckschau sowie einen Ausblick auf die Entwicklungsperspektiven nach dem offiziellen Projektende.}, language = {de} }