@inproceedings{KraftRetkowitz2006,
  author    = {Kraft, Bodo and Retkowitz, Daniel},
  title     = {Rule-Dependencies for Visual Knowledge Specification in Conceptual Design},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {In: Proc. of the 11th Intl. Conf. on Computing in Civil and Building Engineering (ICCCBE-XI) ed. Hugues Rivard, Montreal, Canada, Seite 1-12, ACSE (CD-ROM), 2006 Currently, the conceptual design phase is not adequately supported by any CAD tool. Neither the support while elaborating conceptual sketches, nor the automatic proof of correctness with respect to effective restrictions is currently provided by any commercial tool. To enable domain experts to store the common as well as their personal domain knowledge, we develop a visual language for knowledge formalization. In this paper, a major extension to the already existing concepts is introduced. The possibility to define rule dependencies extends the expressiveness of the knowledge definition language and contributes to the usability of our approach.},
  subject      = {CAD},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KraftRetkowitz2006,
  author    = {Kraft, Bodo and Retkowitz, Daniel},
  title     = {Graph Transformations for Dynamic Knowledge Processing},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {In: Proceedings of the 39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2006. HICSS '06 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2006.200 The conceptual design phase at the beginning of the building construction process is not adequately supported by any CAD-tool. Conceptual design support needs regarding two aspects: first, the architect must be able to develop conceptual sketches that provide abstraction from constructive details. Second, conceptually relevant knowledge should be available to check these conceptual sketches. The paper deals with knowledge to formalize for conceptual design. To enable domain experts formalizing knowledge, a graph-based specification is presented that allows the development of a domain ontology and design rules specific for one class of buildings at runtime. The provided tool support illustrates the introduced concepts and demonstrates the consistency analysis between knowledge and conceptual design.},
  subject      = {CAD},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{Staat2006,
  author    = {Staat, Manfred},
  title     = {Problems and chances for probabilistic fracture mechanics in the analysis of steel pressure boundary reliability. - {\"U}berarb. Ausg.},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {In: Technical feasibility and reliability of passive safety systems for nuclear power plants. Proceedings of an Advisory Group Meeting held in J{\"u}lich, 21-24 November 1994. - Vienna , 1996. - Seite: 43 - 55 IAEA-TECDOC-920 Abstract: It is shown that the difficulty for probabilistic fracture mechanics (PFM) is the general problem of the high reliability of a small population. There is no way around the problem as yet. Therefore what PFM can contribute to the reliability of steel pressure boundaries is demon­strated with the example of a typical reactor pressure vessel and critically discussed. Although no method is distinguishable that could give exact failure probabilities, PFM has several addi­tional chances. Upper limits for failure probability may be obtained together with trends for design and operating conditions. Further, PFM can identify the most sensitive parameters, improved control of which would increase reliability. Thus PFM should play a vital role in the analysis of steel pressure boundaries despite all shortcomings.},
  subject      = {Bruchmechanik},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{StaatBarry2006,
  author    = {Staat, Manfred and Barry, Steve},
  title     = {Continuum Mechanics with an Introduction to the Finite Element Method / Steve Barry; Manfred Staat. With extensions by Manfred Staat.},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Contents: 1 Introduction 2 One Dimensional Continuum Mechanics 3 Tensors 4 Three Dimensional Stress and Strain 5 Conservation Laws 6 Contiunuum Modelling 7 Plain Problems 8 Questions 9 Reference Information},
  subject      = {Technische Mechanik},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Staat2006,
  author    = {Staat, Manfred},
  title     = {Engineering Mechanics. Lecture Notes. 2nd edition, translation of the 3rd corrected and extended German edition of "Technische Mechanik"},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {English translation of the corrected lectures notes of Sebastian Kr{\"a}mer. Contents 0 Introduction to Mechanics 1 Statics of Rigid Bodies 2 Elastostatics (Strength of Materials) 3 Kinematics 4 Kinetics Literature},
  subject      = {Technische Mechanik},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Staat2006,
  author    = {Staat, Manfred},
  title     = {Technische Mechanik. Vorlesungsmitschrift. Korrigierter Nachdr. der 3. Aufl.},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {{\"U}berarbeitete, korrigierte und erg{\"a}nzte Version einer Vorlesungsmitschrift von Sebastian Kr{\"a}mer. 172 S. Inhaltsverzeichnis 0 Einf{\"u}hrung in die Mechanik 1 Statik starrer K{\"o}rper 2 Elastostatik (Festigkeitslehre) 3 Kinematik 4 Kinetik Literatur},
  subject      = {Technische Mechanik},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{LeiMulchandaniChenetal.2006,
  author    = {Lei, Yu and Mulchandani, Priti and Chen, Wilfred and Mulchandani, Ashok},
  title     = {Biosensor for direct determination of fenitrothion and EPN using recombinant Pseudomonas putida JS444 with surface expressed organophosphorus hydrolase. 1. modified clark oxygen electrode},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1573},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {This paper reports a first microbial biosensor for rapid and cost-effective determination of organophosphorus pesticides fenitrothion and EPN. The biosensor consisted of recombinant PNP-degrading/oxidizing bacteria Pseudomonas putida JS444 anchoring and displaying organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) on its cell surface as biological sensing element and a dissolved oxygen electrode as the transducer. Surfaceexpressed OPH catalyzed the hydrolysis of fenitrothion and EPN to release 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol and p-nitrophenol, respectively, which were oxidized by the enzymatic machinery of Pseudomonas putida JS444 to carbon dioxide while consuming oxygen, which was measured and correlated to the concentration of organophosphates. Under the optimum operating conditions, the biosensor was able to measure as low as 277 ppb of fenitrothion and 1.6 ppm of EPN without interference from phenolic compounds and other commonly used pesticides such as carbamate pesticides, triazine herbicides and organophosphate pesticides without nitrophenyl substituent. The applicability of the biosensor to lake water was also demonstrated.},
  subject      = {Biosensor},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{BaronasIvanauskasKulys2006,
  author    = {Baronas, Romas and Ivanauskas, Feliksas and Kulys, Juozas},
  title     = {Mathematical modeling of biosensors based on an array of enzyme microreactors},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1569},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {This paper presents a two-dimensional-in-space mathematical model of biosensors based on an array of enzyme microreactors immobilised on a single electrode. The modeling system acts under amperometric conditions. The microreactors were modeled by particles and by strips. The model is based on the diffusion equations containing a nonlinear term related to the Michaelis-Menten kinetics of the enzymatic reaction. The model involves three regions: an array of enzyme microreactors where enzyme reaction as well as mass transport by diffusion takes place, a diffusion limiting region where only the diffusion takes place, and a convective region, where the analyte concentration is maintained constant. Using computer simulation, the influence of the geometry of the microreactors and of the diffusion region on the biosensor response was investigated. The digital simulation was carried out using the finite difference technique.},
  subject      = {Biosensor},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{BarekFischerNavratiletal.2006,
  author    = {Barek, Jiri and Fischer, Jan and Navratil, Tomas and Peckova, Karolina and Yosypchuk, Bogdan},
  title     = {Silver solid amalgam electrodes as sensors for chemical carcinogens},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1554},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {The applicability of differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV) at a non-toxic meniscus-modified silver solid amalgam electrode (m-AgSAE) for the determination of trace amounts of genotoxic substances was demonstrated on the determination of micromolar and submicromolar concentrations of 3-nitrofluoranthene using methanol - 0.01 mol L-1 NaOH (9:1) mixture as a base electrolyte and of Ostazine Orange using 0.01 mol L-1 NaOH as a base electrolyte.},
  subject      = {Biosensor},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{AridaKloockSchoening2006,
  author    = {Arida, Hassan A. and Kloock, Joachim P. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Novel organic membrane-based thin-film microsensors for the determination of heavy metal cations},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1545},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {A first step towards the fabrication and electrochemical evaluation of thin-film microsensors based on organic PVC membranes for the determination of Hg(II), Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions in solutions has been realised. The membrane-coating mixture used in the preparation of this new type of microsensors is incorporating PVC as supporting matrix, o-nitrophenyloctylether (o-NPOE) as solvent mediator and a recently synthesized Hg[dimethylglyoxime(phene)]2+ and Bis-(4-hydroxyacetophenone)-ethylenediamine as electroactive materials for Hg(II) and Cd(II), respectively. A set of three commercialised ionophores for Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cu(II) has been also used for comparison. Thin-film microsensors based on these membranes showed a Nernstian response of slope (26-30 mV/dec.) for the respective tested cations. The potentiometric response characteristics (linear range, pH range, detection limit and response time) are comparable with those obtained by conventional membranes as well as coated wire electrodes prepared from the same membrane. The realisation of the new organic membrane-based thin-film microsensors overcomes the problem of an insufficient selectivity of solid-state-based thinfilm sensors.},
  subject      = {Biosensor},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{PijanowskaRemiszewska2006,
  author    = {Pijanowska, Dorota G. and Remiszewska, Elzbieta},
  title     = {pH-based detection of phenylalnine by potentiometric and colorimetric methods},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1536},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {In this paper, methods of sample preparation for potentiometric measurement of phenylalanine are presented. Basing on the spectrophotometric measurements of phenylalanine, the concentrations of reagents of the enzymatic reaction (10 mM L-Phe, 0,4 mM NAD+, 2U L-PheDH) were determined. Then, the absorption spectrum of the reaction product, NADH, was monitored (maximum peak at 340 nm). The results obtained by the spectrophotometric method were compared with the results obtained by the colourimetry, using pH indicators. The above-mentioned two methods will be used as references for potentiometric measurements of phenylalanine concentration.},
  subject      = {Biosensor},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KatzWillner2006,
  author    = {Katz, Eugenii and Willner, Itamar},
  title     = {Magneto-controlled quantized electron transfer to surface-confined redox units and metal nanoparticles},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1528},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Hydrophobic magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) consisting of undecanoate-capped magnetite (Fe3O4, average diameter ca. 5 nm) are used to control quantized electron transfer to surface-confined redox units and metal NPs. A two-phase system consisting of an aqueous electrolyte solution and a toluene phase that includes the suspended undecanoatecapped magnetic NPs is used to control the interfacial properties of the electrode surface. The attracted magnetic NPs form a hydrophobic layer on the electrode surface resulting in the change of the mechanisms of the surface-confined electrochemical processes. A quinone-monolayer modified Au electrode demonstrates an aqueous-type of the electrochemical process (2e-+2H+ redox mechanism) for the quinone units in the absence of the hydrophobic magnetic NPs, while the attraction of the magnetic NPs to the surface results in the stepwise single-electron transfer mechanism characteristic of a dry nonaqueous medium. Also, the attraction of the hydrophobic magnetic NPs to the Au electrode surface modified with Au NPs (ca. 1.4 nm) yields a microenvironment with a low dielectric constant that results in the single-electron quantum charging of the Au NPs.},
  subject      = {Biosensor},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{SpannhakeSchulzHelwigetal.2006,
  author    = {Spannhake, Jan and Schulz, Olaf and Helwig, Andreas and Krenkow, Angelika and M{\"u}ller, Gerhard and Doll, Theodor},
  title     = {High-temperature MEMS heater platforms: long-term performance of metal and semiconductor heater materials},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1513},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Micromachined thermal heater platforms offer low electrical power consumption and high modulation speed, i.e. properties which are advantageous for realizing nondispersive infrared (NDIR) gas- and liquid monitoring systems. In this paper, we report on investigations on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) based infrared (IR) emitter devices heated by employing different kinds of metallic and semiconductor heater materials. Our results clearly reveal the superior high-temperature performance of semiconductor over metallic heater materials. Long-term stable emitter operation in the vicinity of 1300 K could be attained using heavily antimony-doped tin dioxide (SnO2:Sb) heater elements.},
  subject      = {Biosensor},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{TymeckiGlabKoncki2006,
  author    = {Tymecki, Lukasz and Glab, Stanislaw and Koncki, Robert},
  title     = {Miniaturized, planar ion-selective electrodes fabricated by means of thick-film technology},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1506},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Various planar technologies are employed for developing solid-state sensors having low cost, small size and high reproducibility; thin- and thick-film technologies are most suitable for such productions. Screen-printing is especially suitable due to its simplicity, low-cost, high reproducibility and efficiency in large-scale production. This technology enables the deposition of a thick layer and allows precise pattern control. Moreover, this is a highly economic technology, saving large amounts of the used inks. In the course of repetitions of the film-deposition procedure there is no waste of material due to additivity of this thick-film technology. Finally, the thick films can be easily and quickly deposited on inexpensive substrates. In this contribution, thick-film ion-selective electrodes based on ionophores as well as crystalline ion-selective materials dedicated for potentiometric measurements are demonstrated. Analytical parameters of these sensors are comparable with those reported for conventional potentiometric electrodes. All mentioned thick-film strip electrodes have been totally fabricated in only one, fully automated thickfilm technology, without any additional manual, chemical or electrochemical steps. In all cases simple, inexpensive, commercially available materials, i.e. flexible, plastic substrates and easily cured polymer-based pastes were used.},
  subject      = {Biosensor},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{BukhariYang2006,
  author    = {Bukhari, Syed Faisal Ahmed and Yang, Wuqiang},
  title     = {Multi-interface level sensors and new development in monitoring and control of oil separators},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1498},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {In the oil industry, huge saving may be made if suitable multi-interface level measurement systems are employed for effectively monitoring crude oil separators and efficient control of their operation. A number of techniques, e.g. externally mounted displacers, differential pressure transmitters and capacitance rod devices, have been developed to measure the separation process with gas, oil, water and other components. Because of the unavailability of suitable multi-interface level measurement systems, oil separators are currently operated by the trial-and-error approach. In this paper some conventional techniques, which have been used for level measurement in industry, and new development are discussed.},
  subject      = {Biosensor},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{PijanowskaRemiszewskaPederzollietal.2006,
  author    = {Pijanowska, Dorota G. and Remiszewska, Elzbieta and Pederzolli, Cecilia and Lunelli, Lorenzo and Vendano, Michele and Canteri, Roberto and Dudzinski, Konrad and Kruk, Jerzy and Torbicz, Wladyslaw},
  title     = {Surface modification for microreactor fabrication},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1480},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {In this paper, methods of surface modification of different supports, i.e. glass and polymeric beads for enzyme immobilisation are described. The developed method of enzyme immobilisation is based on Schiff's base formation between the amino groups on the enzyme surface and the aldehyde groups on the chemically modified surface of the supports. The surface of silicon modified by APTS and GOPS with immobilised enzyme was characterised by atomic force microscopy (AFM), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (ToF-SIMS) and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The supports with immobilised enzyme (urease) were also tested in combination with microreactors fabricated in silicon and Perspex, operating in a flow-through system. For microreactors filled with urease immobilised on glass beads (Sigma) and on polymeric beads (PAN), a very high and stable signal (pH change) was obtained. The developed method of urease immobilisation can be stated to be very effective.},
  subject      = {Biosensor},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{PlatenPoghossianSchoening2006,
  author    = {Platen, Johannes and Poghossian, Arshak and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Microstructured Nanostructures - nanostructuring by means of conventional photolithography and layer-expansion technique},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1477},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {A new and simple method for nanostructuring using conventional photolithography and layer expansion or pattern-size reduction technique is presented, which can further be applied for the fabrication of different nanostructures and nano-devices. The method is based on the conversion of a photolithographically patterned metal layer to a metal-oxide mask with improved pattern-size resolution using thermal oxidation. With this technique, the pattern size can be scaled down to several nanometer dimensions. The proposed method is experimentally demonstrated by preparing nanostructures with different configurations and layouts, like circles, rectangles, trapezoids, "fluidic-channel"-, "cantilever"- and meander-type structures.},
  subject      = {Biosensor},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{FoersterStockMontanarietal.2006,
  author    = {F{\"o}rster, Arnold and Stock, J{\"u}rgen and Montanari, Simone and Lepsa, Mihail Ion and L{\"u}th, Hans},
  title     = {Fabrication and characterisation of GaAs Gunn Diode Chips for applications at 77 GHz in automotive industry},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1462},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {GaAs-based Gunn diodes with graded AlGaAs hot electron injector heterostructures have been developed under the special needs in automotive applications. The fabrication of the Gunn diode chips was based on total substrate removal and processing of integrated Au heat sinks. Especially, the thermal and RF behavior of the diodes have been analyzed by DC, impedance and S-parameter measurements. The electrical investigations have revealed the functionality of the hot electron injector. An optimized layer structure could fulfill the requirements in adaptive cruise control (ACC) systems at 77 GHz with typical output power between 50 and 90 mW.},
  subject      = {Biosensor},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{RabnerShacham2006,
  author    = {Rabner, Arthur and Shacham, Yosi},
  title     = {A concept for a sensitive micro total analysis system for high throughput fluorescence imaging},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1456},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {This paper discusses possible methods for on-chip fluorescent imaging for integrated bio-sensors. The integration of optical and electro-optical accessories, according to suggested methods, can improve the performance of fluorescence imaging. It can boost the signal to background ratio by a few orders of magnitudes in comparison to conventional discrete setups. The methods that are present in this paper are oriented towards building reproducible arrays for high-throughput micro total analysis systems (µTAS). The first method relates to side illumination of the fluorescent material placed into microcompartments of the lab-on-chip. Its significance is in high utilization of excitation energy for low concentration of fluorescent material. The utilization of a transparent µLED chip, for the second method, allows the placement of the excitation light sources on the same optical axis with emission detector, such that the excitation and emission rays are directed controversly. The third method presents a spatial filtering of the excitation background.},
  subject      = {Biosensor},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KreutzLoergenGraeweetal.2006,
  author    = {Kreutz, Christian and L{\"o}rgen, J{\"u}rgen and Graewe, Boris and Bargon, Joachim and Yoshida, Mayumi and Freso, Zachary M. and Fr{\`e}chet, Jean M. J.},
  title     = {High frequency quartz micro balances: a promising path to enhanced sensitivity of gravimetric sensors},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:a96-opus-1445},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {An array of 50 MHz quartz microbalances (QMBs) coated with a dendronized polymer was used to detect small amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the gas phase. The results were compared to those obtained with the commonly used 10 MHz QMBs. The 50 MHz QMBs proved to be a powerful tool for the detection of VOCs in the gas phase; therefore, they represent a promising alternative to the much more delicate surface acoustic wave devices (SAWs).},
  subject      = {Biosensor},
  language  = {en}
}