@article{AbelKahmannMellonetal.2020,
  author    = {Abel, Alexander and Kahmann, Stephanie Lucina and Mellon, Stephen and Staat, Manfred and Jung, Alexander},
  title     = {An open-source tool for the validation of finite element models using three-dimensional full-field measurements},
  series = {Medical Engineering \& Physics},
  volume    = {77},
  journal   = {Medical Engineering \& Physics},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1350-4533},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.medengphy.2019.10.015},
  pages     = {125 -- 129},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Three-dimensional (3D) full-field measurements provide a comprehensive and accurate validation of finite element (FE) models. For the validation, the result of the model and measurements are compared based on two respective point-sets and this requires the point-sets to be registered in one coordinate system. Point-set registration is a non-convex optimization problem that has widely been solved by the ordinary iterative closest point algorithm. However, this approach necessitates a good initialization without which it easily returns a local optimum, i.e. an erroneous registration. The globally optimal iterative closest point (Go-ICP) algorithm has overcome this drawback and forms the basis for the presented open-source tool that can be used for the validation of FE models using 3D full-field measurements. The capability of the tool is demonstrated using an application example from the field of biomechanics. Methodological problems that arise in real-world data and the respective implemented solution approaches are discussed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AkimbekovQiaoDigeletal.2020,
  author    = {Akimbekov, Nuraly and Qiao, Xiaohui and Digel, Ilya and Abdieva, Gulzhamal and Ualieva, Perizat and Zhubanova, Azhar},
  title     = {The effect of leonardite-derived amendments on soil microbiome structure and potato yield},
  series = {Agriculture},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Agriculture},
  number    = {Art. 147},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  doi       = {10.3390/agriculture10050147},
  pages     = {1 -- 17},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Humic substances originating from various organic matters can ameliorate soil properties, stimulate plant growth, and improve nutrient uptake. Due to the low calorific heating value, leonardite is rather unsuitable as fuel. However, it may serve as a potential source of humic substances. This study was aimed at characterizing the leonardite-based soil amendments and examining the effect of their application on the soil microbial community, as well as on potato growth and tuber yield. A high yield (71.1\%) of humic acid (LHA) from leonardite has been demonstrated. Parental leonardite (PL) and LHA were applied to soil prior to potato cultivation. The 16S rRNA sequencing of soil samples revealed distinct relationships between microbial community composition and the application of leonardite-based soil amendments. Potato tubers were planted in pots in greenhouse conditions. The tubers were harvested at the mature stage for the determination of growth and yield parameters. The results demonstrated that the LHA treatments had a significant effect on increasing potato growth (54.9\%) and tuber yield (66.4\%) when compared to the control. The findings highlight the importance of amending leonardite-based humic products for maintaining the biogeochemical stability of soils, for keeping their healthy microbial community structure, and for increasing the agronomic productivity of potato plants.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AkimbekovDigelSherelkhanetal.2020,
  author    = {Akimbekov, Nuraly S. and Digel, Ilya and Sherelkhan, Dinara K. and Lutfor, Afzalunnessa B. and Razzaque, Mohammed S.},
  title     = {Vitamin D and the Host-Gut Microbiome: A Brief Overview},
  series = {Acta Histochemica et Cytochemica},
  volume    = {53},
  journal   = {Acta Histochemica et Cytochemica},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Japan Society of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry},
  address   = {Osaka},
  issn      = {1347-5800},
  doi       = {10.1267/ahc.20011},
  pages     = {33 -- 42},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {There is a growing body of evidence for the effects of vitamin D on intestinal host-microbiome interactions related to gut dysbiosis and bowel inflammation. This brief review highlights the potential links between vitamin D and gut health, emphasizing the role of vitamin D in microbiological and immunological mechanisms of inflammatory bowel diseases. A comprehensive literature search was carried out in PubMed and Google Scholar using combinations of keywords "vitamin D," "intestines," "gut microflora," "bowel inflammation". Only articles published in English and related to the study topic are included in the review. We discuss how vitamin D (a) modulates intestinal microbiome function, (b) controls antimicrobial peptide expression, and (c) has a protective effect on epithelial barriers in the gut mucosa. Vitamin D and its nuclear receptor (VDR) regulate intestinal barrier integrity, and control innate and adaptive immunity in the gut. Metabolites from the gut microbiota may also regulate expression of VDR, while vitamin D may influence the gut microbiota and exert anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating effects. The underlying mechanism of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of bowel diseases is not fully understood, but maintaining an optimal vitamin D status appears to be beneficial for gut health. Future studies will shed light on the molecular mechanisms through which vitamin D and VDR interactions affect intestinal mucosal immunity, pathogen invasion, symbiont colonization, and antimicrobial peptide expression.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BayerTemizArtmannDigeletal.2020,
  author    = {Bayer, Robin and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l and Digel, Ilya and Falkenstein, Julia and Artmann, Gerhard and Creutz, Till and Hescheler, J{\"u}rgen},
  title     = {Mechano-pharmacological testing of L-Type Ca²⁺ channel modulators via human vascular celldrum model},
  series = {Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry},
  volume    = {54},
  journal   = {Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry},
  publisher = {Cell Physiol Biochem Press},
  address   = {D{\"u}sseldorf},
  issn      = {1421-9778},
  doi       = {10.33594/000000225},
  pages     = {371 -- 383},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Background/Aims: This study aimed to establish a precise and well-defined working model, assessing pharmaceutical effects on vascular smooth muscle cell monolayer in-vitro. It describes various analysis techniques to determine the most suitable to measure the biomechanical impact of vasoactive agents by using CellDrum technology. Methods: The so-called CellDrum technology was applied to analyse the biomechanical properties of confluent human aorta muscle cells (haSMC) in monolayer. The cell generated tensions deviations in the range of a few N/m² are evaluated by the CellDrum technology. This study focuses on the dilative and contractive effects of L-type Ca²⁺ channel agonists and antagonists, respectively. We analyzed the effects of Bay K8644, nifedipine and verapamil. Three different measurement modes were developed and applied to determine the most appropriate analysis technique for the study purpose. These three operation modes are called, particular time mode" (PTM), "long term mode" (LTM) and "real-time mode" (RTM). Results: It was possible to quantify the biomechanical response of haSMCs to the addition of vasoactive agents using CellDrum technology. Due to the supplementation of 100nM Bay K8644, the tension increased approximately 10.6\% from initial tension maximum, whereas, the treatment with nifedipine and verapamil caused a significant decrease in cellular tension: 10nM nifedipine decreased the biomechanical stress around 6,5\% and 50nM verapamil by 2,8\%, compared to the initial tension maximum. Additionally, all tested measurement modes provide similar results while focusing on different analysis parameters. Conclusion: The CellDrum technology allows highly sensitive biomechanical stress measurements of cultured haSMC monolayers. The mechanical stress responses evoked by the application of vasoactive calcium channel modulators were quantified functionally (N/m²). All tested operation modes resulted in equal findings, whereas each mode features operation-related data analysis.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BensbergAuthCzarnecki2020,
  author    = {Bensberg, Frank and Auth, Gunnar and Czarnecki, Christian},
  title     = {Literaturanalyse mit Text Mining},
  series = {E-Learning and Education (eleed)},
  journal   = {E-Learning and Education (eleed)},
  number    = {13},
  editor    = {Haake, J{\"o}rg M.},
  publisher = {FernUniversit{\"a}t in Hagen},
  address   = {Hagen},
  issn      = {1860-7470},
  pages     = {1 -- 13},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Die Durchf{\"u}hrung einer systematischen Literaturrecherche ist eine zentrale Kompetenz wissenschaftlichen Arbeitens und bildet daher einen festen Ausbildungsbestandteil von Bachelor- und Masterstudieng{\"a}ngen. In entsprechenden Lehrveranstaltungen werden Studierende zwar mit den grundlegenden Hilfsmitteln zur Suche und Verwaltung von Literatur vertraut gemacht, allerdings werden die Potenziale textanalytischer Methoden und Anwendungssysteme (Text Mining, Text Analytics) dabei zumeist nicht abgedeckt. Folglich werden Datenkompetenzen, die zur systemgest{\"u}tzten Analyse und Erschließung von Literaturdaten erforderlich sind, nicht hinreichend ausgepr{\"a}gt. Um diese Kompetenzl{\"u}cke zu adressieren, ist an der Hochschule Osnabr{\"u}ck eine Lehrveranstaltung konzipiert und projektorientiert umgesetzt worden, die sich insbesondere an Studierende wirtschaftswissenschaftlicher Studieng{\"a}nge richtet. Dieser Beitrag dokumentiert die fachliche sowie technische Ausgestaltung dieser Veranstaltung und zeigt Potenziale f{\"u}r die k{\"u}nftige Weiterentwicklung auf.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BungCrookstonValero2020,
  author    = {Bung, Daniel B. and Crookston, Brian M. and Valero, Daniel},
  title     = {Turbulent free-surface monitoring with an RGB-D sensor: the hydraulic jump case},
  series = {Journal of Hydraulic Research},
  journal   = {Journal of Hydraulic Research},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {1814-2079},
  doi       = {10.1080/00221686.2020.1844810},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BungErpicumTullis2020,
  author    = {Bung, Daniel Bernhard and Erpicum, S{\´e}bastien and Tullis, Blanke P.},
  title     = {Advances in hydraulic structures engineering},
  series = {Journal of Hydraulic Engineering},
  volume    = {147},
  journal   = {Journal of Hydraulic Engineering},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {ASCE},
  address   = {Reston, Va.},
  issn      = {0733-9429 (Druckausgabe)},
  doi       = {10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001851},
  pages     = {1 Seite},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ButenwegRosin2020,
  author    = {Butenweg, Christoph and Rosin, Julia},
  title     = {Seismischer Nachweis von Mauerwerksbauten in deutschen Erdbebengebieten},
  series = {Mauerwerk},
  volume    = {24},
  journal   = {Mauerwerk},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1437-1022},
  doi       = {10.1002/dama.202000006},
  pages     = {108 -- 113},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Mit finanzieller Unterst{\"u}tzung der Deutschen Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Mauerwerks- und Wohnungsbau e.V. (DGfM) und des Deutschen Instituts f{\"u}r Bautechnik in Berlin (DIBt) wurden zwei aufeinander aufbauende Forschungsvorhaben zur Verbesserung der seismischen Nachweise von Mauerwerksbauten in deutschen Erdbebengebieten durchgef{\"u}hrt. Zun{\"a}chst wurde das seismische Verhalten von drei modernen unbewehrten Mauerwerksgeb{\"a}uden in der Region Emilia Romagna in Italien w{\"a}hrend der Erdbebenserie im Jahr 2012 in Kooperation mit der Universit{\"a}t Pavia eingehend untersucht. Aufbauend auf den Erkenntnissen dieser Untersuchungen wurde ein verbessertes seismisches Bemessungskonzept f{\"u}r unbewehrte Mauerwerksbauten erarbeitet. Der Beitrag stellt die wesentlichen Ergebnisse dieser Forschungsarbeiten und deren Eingang in die Normung vor.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{CapitainRossJonesMoehringetal.2020,
  author    = {Capitain, Charlotte and Ross-Jones, Jesse and M{\"o}hring, Sophie and Tippk{\"o}tter, Nils},
  title     = {Differential scanning calorimetry for quantification of polymer biodegradability in compost},
  series = {International Biodeterioration \& Biodegradation},
  volume    = {149},
  journal   = {International Biodeterioration \& Biodegradation},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0964-8305},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.ibiod.2020.104914},
  pages     = {In Press, Article number 104914},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The objective of this study is the establishment of a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) based method for online analysis of the biodegradation of polymers in complex environments. Structural changes during biodegradation, such as an increase in brittleness or crystallinity, can be detected by carefully observing characteristic changes in DSC profiles. Until now, DSC profiles have not been used to draw quantitative conclusions about biodegradation. A new method is presented for quantifying the biodegradation using DSC data, whereby the results were validated using two reference methods. The proposed method is applied to evaluate the biodegradation of three polymeric biomaterials: polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), cellulose acetate (CA) and Organosolv lignin. The method is suitable for the precise quantification of the biodegradability of PHB. For CA and lignin, conclusions regarding their biodegradation can be drawn with lower resolutions. The proposed method is also able to quantify the biodegradation of blends or composite materials, which differentiates it from commonly used degradation detection methods.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ChoiFelderFelderetal.2020,
  author    = {Choi, Chang-Hoon and Felder, Tim and Felder, J{\"o}rg and Tellmann, Lutz and Hong, Suk-Min and Wegener, Hans-Peter and Shah, N Jon and Ziemons, Karl},
  title     = {Design, evaluation and comparison of endorectal coils for hybrid MR-PET imaging of the prostate},
  series = {Physics in Medicine \& Biology},
  volume    = {65},
  journal   = {Physics in Medicine \& Biology},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {IOP},
  address   = {Bristol},
  issn      = {0031-9155},
  doi       = {10.1088/1361-6560/ab87f8},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers among men and its early detection is critical for its successful treatment. The use of multimodal imaging, such as MR-PET, is most advantageous as it is able to provide detailed information about the prostate. However, as the human prostate is flexible and can move into different positions under external conditions, it is important to localise the focused region-of-interest using both MRI and PET under identical circumstances. In this work, we designed five commonly used linear and quadrature radiofrequency surface coils suitable for hybrid MR-PET use in endorectal applications. Due to the endorectal design and the shielded PET insert, the outer face of the coils investigated was curved and the region to be imaged was outside the volume of the coil. The tilting angles of the coils were varied with respect to the main magnetic field direction. This was done to approximate the various positions from which the prostate could be imaged. The transmit efficiencies and safety excitation efficiencies from simulations, together with the signal-to-noise ratios from the MR images were calculated and analysed. Overall, it was found that the overlapped loops driven in quadrature were superior to the other types of coils we tested. In order to determine the effect of the different coil designs on PET, transmission scans were carried out, and it was observed that the differences between attenuation maps with and without the coils were negligible. The findings of this work can provide useful guidance for the integration of such coil designs into MR-PET hybrid systems in the future.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{CosmaKesslerGebhardtetal.2020,
  author    = {Cosma, Cosmin and Kessler, Julia and Gebhardt, Andreas and Campbell, Ian and Balc, Nicolae},
  title     = {Improving the Mechanical Strength of Dental Applications and Lattice Structures SLM Processed},
  series = {Materials},
  volume    = {13},
  journal   = {Materials},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {1996-1944},
  doi       = {10.3390/ma13040905},
  pages     = {1 -- 18},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {To manufacture custom medical parts or scaffolds with reduced defects and high mechanical characteristics, new research on optimizing the selective laser melting (SLM) parameters are needed. In this work, a biocompatible powder, 316L stainless steel, is characterized to understand the particle size, distribution, shape and flowability. Examination revealed that the 316L particles are smooth, nearly spherical, their mean diameter is 39.09 μm and just 10\% of them hold a diameter less than 21.18 μm. SLM parameters under consideration include laser power up to 200 W, 250-1500 mm/s scanning speed, 80 μm hatch spacing, 35 μm layer thickness and a preheated platform. The effect of these on processability is evaluated. More than 100 samples are SLM-manufactured with different process parameters. The tensile results show that is possible to raise the ultimate tensile strength up to 840 MPa, adapting the SLM parameters for a stable processability, avoiding the technological defects caused by residual stress. Correlating with other recent studies on SLM technology, the tensile strength is 20\% improved. To validate the SLM parameters and conditions established, complex bioengineering applications such as dental bridges and macro-porous grafts are SLM-processed, demonstrating the potential to manufacture medical products with increased mechanical resistance made of 316L.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{CzarneckiDietze2020,
  author    = {Czarnecki, Christian and Dietze, Christian},
  title     = {Gestaltungsorientierte Forschung am Beispiel der Referenzmodellierung in der Telekommunikationsindustrie},
  series = {HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik},
  volume    = {57},
  journal   = {HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Springer Nature},
  address   = {Cham},
  issn      = {2198-2775},
  doi       = {10.1365/s40702-020-00594-y},
  pages     = {310 -- 323},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Am Beispiel der Telekommunikationsindustrie zeigt der Beitrag eine konkrete Ausgestaltung anwendungsorientierter Forschung, die sowohl f{\"u}r die Praxis als auch f{\"u}r die Wissenschaft nutzen- und erkenntnisbringend ist. Forschungsgegenstand sind die Referenzmodelle des Industriegremiums TM Forum, die von vielen Telekommunikationsunternehmen zur Transformation ihrer Strukturen und Systeme genutzt werden. Es wird die langj{\"a}hrige Forschungst{\"a}tigkeit bei der Weiterentwicklung und Anwendung dieser Referenzmodelle beschrieben. Dabei wird ein konsequent gestaltungsorientierter Forschungsansatz verfolgt. Das Zusammenspiel aus kontinuierlicher Weiterentwicklung in Zusammenarbeit mit einem Industriegremium und der Anwendung in vielf{\"a}ltigen Praxisprojekten f{\"u}hrt zu einer erfolgreichen Symbiose aus praktischer Nutzengenerierung sowie wissenschaftlichem Erkenntnisgewinn. Der Beitrag stellt den gew{\"a}hlten Forschungsansatz anhand konkreter Beispiele vor. Darauf basierend werden Empfehlungen und Herausforderungen f{\"u}r eine gestaltungs- und praxisorientierte Forschung diskutiert.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{DachwaldUlamecPostbergetal.2020,
  author    = {Dachwald, Bernd and Ulamec, Stephan and Postberg, Frank and Sohl, Frank and Vera, Jean-Pierre de and Christoph, Waldmann and Lorenz, Ralph D. and Hellard, Hugo and Biele, Jens and Rettberg, Petra},
  title     = {Key technologies and instrumentation for subsurface exploration of ocean worlds},
  series = {Space Science Reviews},
  volume    = {216},
  journal   = {Space Science Reviews},
  number    = {Art. 83},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Dordrecht},
  issn      = {1572-9672},
  doi       = {10.1007/s11214-020-00707-5},
  pages     = {45},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {In this chapter, the key technologies and the instrumentation required for the subsurface exploration of ocean worlds are discussed. The focus is laid on Jupiter's moon Europa and Saturn's moon Enceladus because they have the highest potential for such missions in the near future. The exploration of their oceans requires landing on the surface, penetrating the thick ice shell with an ice-penetrating probe, and probably diving with an underwater vehicle through dozens of kilometers of water to the ocean floor, to have the chance to find life, if it exists. Technologically, such missions are extremely challenging. The required key technologies include power generation, communications, pressure resistance, radiation hardness, corrosion protection, navigation, miniaturization, autonomy, and sterilization and cleaning. Simpler mission concepts involve impactors and penetrators or - in the case of Enceladus - plume-fly-through missions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DadfarCamozziDarguzyteetal.2020,
  author    = {Dadfar, Dryed Mohammadali and Camozzi, Denise and Darguzyte, Milita and Roemhild, Karolin and Varvar{\`a}, Paola and Metselaar, Josbert and Banala, Srinivas and Straub, Marcel and G{\"u}ver, Nihan and Engelmann, Ulrich M. and Slabu, Ioana and Buhl, Miriam and Leusen, Jan van and K{\"o}gerler, Paul and Hermanns-Sachweh, Benita and Schulz, Volkmar and Kiessling, Fabian and Lammers, Twan},
  title     = {Size-isolation of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles improves MRI, MPI and hyperthermia performance},
  series = {Journal of Nanobiotechnology},
  volume    = {18},
  journal   = {Journal of Nanobiotechnology},
  number    = {Article number 22},
  publisher = {Nature Portfolio},
  issn      = {1477-3155},
  doi       = {10.1186/s12951-020-0580-1},
  pages     = {1 -- 13},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) are extensively used for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic particle imaging (MPI), as well as for magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH). We here describe a sequential centrifugation protocol to obtain SPION with well-defined sizes from a polydisperse SPION starting formulation, synthesized using the routinely employed co-precipitation technique. Transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and nanoparticle tracking analyses show that the SPION fractions obtained upon size-isolation are well-defined and almost monodisperse. MRI, MPI and MFH analyses demonstrate improved imaging and hyperthermia performance for size-isolated SPION as compared to the polydisperse starting mixture, as well as to commercial and clinically used iron oxide nanoparticle formulations, such as Resovist® and Sinerem®. The size-isolation protocol presented here may help to identify SPION with optimal properties for diagnostic, therapeutic and theranostic applications.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DantismRoehlenDahmenetal.2020,
  author    = {Dantism, Shahriar and R{\"o}hlen, Desiree and Dahmen, Markus and Wagner, Torsten and Wagner, Patrick and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {LAPS-based monitoring of metabolic responses of bacterial cultures in a paper fermentation broth},
  series = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical},
  volume    = {320},
  journal   = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical},
  number    = {Art. 128232},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0925-4005},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.snb.2020.128232},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {As an alternative renewable energy source, methane production in biogas plants is gaining more and more attention. Biomass in a bioreactor contains different types of microorganisms, which should be considered in terms of process-stability control. Metabolically inactive microorganisms within the fermentation process can lead to undesirable, time-consuming and cost-intensive interventions. Hence, monitoring of the cellular metabolism of bacterial populations in a fermentation broth is crucial to improve the biogas production, operation efficiency, and sustainability. In this work, the extracellular acidification of bacteria in a paper-fermentation broth is monitored after glucose uptake, utilizing a differential light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) system. The LAPS system is loaded with three different model microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Corynebacterium glutamicum, and Lactobacillus brevis) and the effect of the fermentation broth at different process stages on the metabolism of these bacteria is studied. In this way, different signal patterns related to the metabolic response of microorganisms can be identified. By means of calibration curves after glucose uptake, the overall extracellular acidification of bacterial populations within the fermentation process can be evaluated.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DigelKernGeenenetal.2020,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya and Kern, Inna and Geenen, Eva-Maria and Akimbekov, Nuraly},
  title     = {Dental plaque removal by ultrasonic toothbrushes},
  series = {dentistry journal},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {dentistry journal},
  number    = {28},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2304-6767},
  doi       = {10.3390/dj8010028},
  pages     = {1 -- 13},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {With the variety of toothbrushes on the market, the question arises, which toothbrush is best suited to maintain oral health? This thematic review focuses first on plaque formation mechanisms and then on the plaque removal effectiveness of ultrasonic toothbrushes and their potential in preventing oral diseases like periodontitis, gingivitis, and caries. We overviewed the physical effects that occurred during brushing and tried to address the question of whether ultrasonic toothbrushes effectively reduced the microbial burden by increasing the hydrodynamic forces. The results of published studies show that electric toothbrushes, which combine ultrasonic and sonic (or acoustic and mechanic) actions, may have the most promising effect on good oral health. Existing ultrasonic/sonic toothbrush models do not significantly differ regarding the removal of dental biofilm and the reduction of gingival inflammation compared with other electrically powered toothbrushes, whereas the manual toothbrushes show a lower effectiveness.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DrummEmhardtKoketal.2020,
  author    = {Drumm, Christian and Emhardt, Selina N. and Kok, Ellen M. and Jarodzka, Halzka and Brand-Gruwel, Saskia and van Gog, Tamara},
  title     = {How Experts Adapt Their Gaze Behavior When Modeling a Task to Novices},
  series = {Cognitive science},
  volume    = {44},
  journal   = {Cognitive science},
  number    = {9},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1551-6709},
  doi       = {10.1111/cogs.12893},
  pages     = {26},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Domain experts regularly teach novice students how to perform a task. This often requires them to adjust their behavior to the less knowledgeable audience and, hence, to behave in a more didactic manner. Eye movement modeling examples (EMMEs) are a contemporary educational tool for displaying experts' (natural or didactic) problem-solving behavior as well as their eye movements to learners. While research on expert-novice communication mainly focused on experts' changes in explicit, verbal communication behavior, it is as yet unclear whether and how exactly experts adjust their nonverbal behavior. This study first investigated whether and how experts change their eye movements and mouse clicks (that are displayed in EMMEs) when they perform a task naturally versus teach a task didactically. Programming experts and novices initially debugged short computer codes in a natural manner. We first characterized experts' natural problem-solving behavior by contrasting it with that of novices. Then, we explored the changes in experts' behavior when being subsequently instructed to model their task solution didactically. Experts became more similar to novices on measures associated with experts' automatized processes (i.e., shorter fixation durations, fewer transitions between code and output per click on the run button when behaving didactically). This adaptation might make it easier for novices to follow or imitate the expert behavior. In contrast, experts became less similar to novices for measures associated with more strategic behavior (i.e., code reading linearity, clicks on run button) when behaving didactically.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EckertAbbasiMangetal.2020,
  author    = {Eckert, Alexander and Abbasi, Mozhdeh and Mang, Thomas and Saalw{\"a}chter, Kay and Walther, Andreas},
  title     = {Structure, Mechanical Properties, and Dynamics of Polyethylenoxide/Nanoclay Nacre-Mimetic Nanocomposites},
  series = {Macromolecules},
  volume    = {53},
  journal   = {Macromolecules},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {ACS Publications},
  address   = {Washington, DC},
  issn      = {1520-5835},
  doi       = {10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01931},
  pages     = {1716 -- 1725},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Nacre-mimetic nanocomposites based on high fractions of synthetic high-aspect-ratio nanoclays in combination with polymers are continuously pushing boundaries for advanced material properties, such as high barrier against oxygen, extraordinary mechanical behavior, fire shielding, and glass-like transparency. Additionally, they provide interesting model systems to study polymers under nanoconfinement due to the well-defined layered nanocomposite arrangement. Although the general behavior in terms of forming such layered nanocomposite materials using evaporative self-assembly and controlling the nanoclay gallery spacing by the nanoclay/polymer ratio is understood, some combinations of polymer matrices and nanoclay reinforcement do not comply with the established models. Here, we demonstrate a thorough characterization and analysis of such an unusual polymer/nanoclay pair that falls outside of the general behavior. Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and sodium fluorohectorite form nacre-mimetic, lamellar nanocomposites that are completely transparent and show high mechanical stiffness and high gas barrier, but there is only limited expansion of the nanoclay gallery spacing when adding increasing amounts of polymer. This behavior is maintained for molecular weights of PEO varied over four orders of magnitude and can be traced back to depletion forces. By careful investigation via X-ray diffraction and proton low-resolution solid-state NMR, we are able to quantify the amount of mobile and immobilized polymer species in between the nanoclay galleries and around proposed tactoid stacks embedded in a PEO matrix. We further elucidate the unusual confined polymer dynamics, indicating a relevant role of specific surface interactions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EggertAlberts2020,
  author    = {Eggert, Mathias and Alberts, Jens},
  title     = {Frontiers of business intelligence and analytics 3.0: a taxonomy-based literature review and research agenda},
  series = {Business Research},
  volume    = {2020},
  journal   = {Business Research},
  number    = {13},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Heidelberg},
  issn      = {2198-2627},
  doi       = {10.1007/s40685-020-00108-y},
  pages     = {685 -- 739},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Researching the field of business intelligence and analytics (BI \& A) has a long tradition within information systems research. Thereby, in each decade the rapid development of technologies opened new room for investigation. Since the early 1950s, the collection and analysis of structured data were the focus of interest, followed by unstructured data since the early 1990s. The third wave of BI \& A comprises unstructured and sensor data of mobile devices. The article at hand aims at drawing a comprehensive overview of the status quo in relevant BI \& A research of the current decade, focusing on the third wave of BI \& A. By this means, the paper's contribution is fourfold. First, a systematically developed taxonomy for BI \& A 3.0 research, containing seven dimensions and 40 characteristics, is presented. Second, the results of a structured literature review containing 75 full research papers are analyzed by applying the developed taxonomy. The analysis provides an overview on the status quo of BI \& A 3.0. Third, the results foster discussions on the predicted and observed developments in BI \& A research of the past decade. Fourth, research gaps of the third wave of BI \& A research are disclosed and concluded in a research agenda.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EggertMoulen2020,
  author    = {Eggert, Mathias and Moulen, Tobias},
  title     = {Selektion von Gesch{\"a}ftsprozessen zur Anwendung von Robotic Process Automation am Beispiel einer Versicherung},
  series = {HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik},
  volume    = {57},
  journal   = {HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1436-3011},
  doi       = {10.1365/s40702-020-00665-0},
  pages     = {1150 -- 1162},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {H{\"a}ufig bremsen geringe IT-Ressourcen, fehlende Softwareschnittstellen oder eine veraltete und komplex gewachsene Systemlandschaft die Automatisierung von Gesch{\"a}ftsprozessen. Robotic Process Automation (RPA) ist eine vielversprechende Methode, um Gesch{\"a}ftsprozesse oberfl{\"a}chenbasiert und ohne gr{\"o}ßere Systemeingriffe zu automatisieren und Medienbr{\"u}che abzubauen. Die Auswahl der passenden Prozesse ist dabei f{\"u}r den Erfolg von RPA-Projekten entscheidend. Der vorliegende Beitrag liefert daf{\"u}r Selektionskriterien, die aus einer qualitativen Inhaltanalyse von elf Interviews mit RPA-Experten aus dem Versicherungsumfeld resultieren. Das Ergebnis umfasst eine gewichtetet Liste von sieben Dimensionen und 51 Prozesskriterien, welche die Automatisierung mit Softwarerobotern beg{\"u}nstigen bzw. deren Nichterf{\"u}llung eine Umsetzung erschweren oder sogar verhindern. Die drei wichtigsten Kriterien zur Auswahl von Gesch{\"a}ftsprozessen f{\"u}r die Automatisierung mittels RPA umfassen die Entlastung der an dem Prozess mitwirkenden Mitarbeiter (Arbeitnehmer{\"u}berlastung), die Ausf{\"u}hrbarkeit des Prozesses mittels Regeln (Regelbasierte Prozessteuerung) sowie ein positiver Kosten-Nutzen-Vergleich. Praktiker k{\"o}nnen diese Kriterien verwenden, um eine systematische Auswahl von RPA-relevanten Prozessen vorzunehmen. Aus wissenschaftlicher Perspektive stellen die Ergebnisse eine Grundlage zur Erkl{\"a}rung des Erfolgs und Misserfolgs von RPA-Projekten dar.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{ElMoussaouiTalbiAtmaneetal.2020,
  author    = {El Moussaoui, Noureddine and Talbi, Sofian and Atmane, Ilyas and Kassmi, Khalil and Schwarzer, Klemens and Chayeb, Hamid and Bachiri, Najib},
  title     = {Feasibility of a new design of a Parabolic Trough Solar Thermal Cooker (PSTC)},
  series = {Solar Energy},
  volume    = {201},
  journal   = {Solar Energy},
  number    = {Vol. 201 (May 2020)},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0038-092X},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.solener.2020.03.079},
  pages     = {866 -- 871},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {In this article, we describe the structure, the functioning, and the tests of parabolic trough solar thermal cooker (PSTC). This oven is designed to meet the needs of rural residents, including Urban, which requires stable cooking temperatures above 200 °C. The cooking by this cooker is based on the concentration of the sun's rays on a glass vacuum tube and heating of the oil circulate in a big tube, located inside the glass tube. Through two small tubes, associated with large tube, the heated oil, rise and heats the pot of cooking pot containing the food to be cooked (capacity of 5 kg). This cooker is designed in Germany and extensively tested in Morocco for use by the inhabitants who use wood from forests. During a sunny day, having a maximum solar radiation around 720 W/m2 and temperature ambient around 26 °C, maximum temperatures recorded of the small tube, the large tube and the center of the pot are respectively: 370 °C, 270 °C and 260 °C. The cooking process with food at high (fries, ..), we show that the cooking oil temperature rises to 200 °C, after 1 h of heating, the cooking is done at a temperature of 120 °C for 20 min. These temperatures are practically stable following variations and decreases in the intensity of irradiance during the day. The comparison of these results with those of the literature shows an improvement of 30-50 \% on the maximum value of the temperature with a heat storage that could reach 60 min of autonomy. All the results obtained show the good functioning of the PSTC and the feasibility of cooking food at high temperature (>200 °C).},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ElDeibButenwegKlinkel2020,
  author    = {El-Deib, Khaled and Butenweg, Christoph and Klinkel, Sven},
  title     = {Erdbebennachweis von Mauerwerksbauten mit realistischen Modellen und erh{\"o}hten Verhaltensbeiwerten},
  series = {Bautechnik},
  volume    = {97},
  journal   = {Bautechnik},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {Ernst \& Sohn},
  address   = {Berlin},
  doi       = {10.1002/bate.202000016},
  pages     = {756 -- 765},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Die Anwendung des linearen Nachweiskonzepts auf Mauerwerksbauten f{\"u}hrt dazu, dass bereits heute Standsicherheitsnachweise f{\"u}r Geb{\"a}ude mit {\"u}blichen Grundrissen in Gebieten mit moderaten Erdbebeneinwirkungen nicht mehr gef{\"u}hrt werden k{\"o}nnen. Diese Problematik wird sich in Deutschland mit der Einf{\"u}hrung kontinuierlicher probabilistischer Erdbebenkarten weiter versch{\"a}rfen. Aufgrund der Erh{\"o}hung der seismischen Einwirkungen, die sich vielerorts ergibt, ist es erforderlich, die vorhandenen, bislang nicht ber{\"u}cksichtigten Tragf{\"a}higkeitsreserven in nachvollziehbaren Nachweiskonzepten in der Baupraxis verf{\"u}gbar zu machen. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt ein Konzept f{\"u}r die geb{\"a}udespezifische Ermittlung von erh{\"o}hten Verhaltensbeiwerten vor. Die Verhaltensbeiwerte setzen sich aus drei Anteilen zusammen, mit denen die Lastumverteilung im Grundriss, die Verformungsf{\"a}higkeit und Energiedissipation sowie die {\"U}berfestigkeiten ber{\"u}cksichtigt werden. F{\"u}r die rechnerische Ermittlung dieser drei Anteile wird ein nichtlineares Nachweiskonzept auf Grundlage von Pushover-Analysen vorgeschlagen, in denen die Interaktionen von W{\"a}nden und Geschossdecken durch einen Einspanngrad beschrieben werden. F{\"u}r die Bestimmung der Einspanngrade wird ein nichtlinearer Modellierungsansatz eingef{\"u}hrt, mit dem die Interaktion von W{\"a}nden und Decken abgebildet werden kann. Die Anwendung des Konzepts mit erh{\"o}hten geb{\"a}udespezifischen Verhaltensbeiwerten wird am Beispiel eines Mehrfamilienhauses aus Kalksandsteinen demonstriert. Die Ergebnisse der linearen Nachweise mit erh{\"o}hten Verhaltensbeiwerten f{\"u}r dieses Geb{\"a}ude liegen deutlich n{\"a}her an den Ergebnissen nichtlinearer Nachweise und somit bleiben {\"u}bliche Grundrisse in Erdbebengebieten mit den traditionellen linearen Rechenans{\"a}tzen nachweisbar.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EmhardtJarodzkaBrandGruweletal.2020,
  author    = {Emhardt, Selina and Jarodzka, Halszka and Brand-Gruwel, Saskia and Drumm, Christian and Gog, Tamara van},
  title     = {Introducing eye movement modeling examples for programming education and the role of teacher's didactic guidance},
  series = {ETRA '20 Short Papers: ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications},
  journal   = {ETRA '20 Short Papers: ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications},
  number    = {Art. 52},
  publisher = {ACM},
  address   = {New York},
  doi       = {10.1145/3379156.3391978},
  pages     = {1 -- 4},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {In this article, we introduce how eye-tracking technology might become a promising tool to teach programming skills, such as debugging with 'Eye Movement Modeling Examples' (EMME). EMME are tutorial videos that visualize an expert's (e.g., a programming teacher's) eye movements during task performance to guide students' attention, e.g., as a moving dot or circle. We first introduce the general idea behind the EMME method and present studies that showed first promising results regarding the benefits of EMME to support programming education. However, we argue that the instructional design of EMME varies notably across them, as evidence-based guidelines on how to create effective EMME are often lacking. As an example, we present our ongoing research on the effects of different ways to instruct the EMME model prior to video creation. Finally, we highlight open questions for future investigations that could help improving the design of EMME for (programming) education.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EngemannDuKallweitetal.2020,
  author    = {Engemann, Heiko and Du, Shengzhi and Kallweit, Stephan and C{\"o}nen, Patrick and Dawar, Harshal},
  title     = {OMNIVIL - an autonomous mobile manipulator for flexible production},
  series = {Sensors},
  volume    = {20},
  journal   = {Sensors},
  number    = {24, art. no. 7249},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  isbn      = {1424-8220},
  doi       = {10.3390/s20247249},
  pages     = {1 -- 30},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EveraersKarimiVarzanehFlecketal.2020,
  author    = {Everaers, Ralf and Karimi-Varzaneh, Hossein Ali and Fleck, Franz and Hojdis, Nils and Svaneborg, Carsten},
  title     = {Kremer-Grest Models for Commodity Polymer Melts: Linking Theory, Experiment, and Simulation at the Kuhn Scale},
  series = {Macromolecules},
  volume    = {53},
  journal   = {Macromolecules},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {ACS Publications},
  address   = {Washington, DC},
  issn      = {1520-5835},
  doi       = {10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02428},
  pages     = {1901 -- 1916},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The Kremer-Grest (KG) polymer model is a standard model for studying generic polymer properties in molecular dynamics simulations. It owes its popularity to its simplicity and computational efficiency, rather than its ability to represent specific polymers species and conditions. Here we show that by tuning the chain stiffness it is possible to adapt the KG model to model melts of real polymers. In particular, we provide mapping relations from KG to SI units for a wide range of commodity polymers. The connection between the experimental and the KG melts is made at the Kuhn scale, i.e., at the crossover from the chemistry-specific small scale to the universal large scale behavior. We expect Kuhn scale-mapped KG models to faithfully represent universal properties dominated by the large scale conformational statistics and dynamics of flexible polymers. In particular, we observe very good agreement between entanglement moduli of our KG models and the experimental moduli of the target polymers.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FiedlerLaddClemensetal.2020,
  author    = {Fiedler, Thomas M. and Ladd, Mark E. and Clemens, Markus and Bitz, Andreas},
  title     = {Safety of subjects during radiofrequency exposure in ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging},
  series = {IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications},
  volume    = {2},
  journal   = {IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {New York, NY},
  isbn      = {2637-6423},
  doi       = {10.1109/LEMCPA.2020.3029747},
  pages     = {1 -- 8},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the most important medical imaging techniques. Since the introduction of MRI in the mid-1980s, there has been a continuous trend toward higher static magnetic fields to obtain i.a. a higher signal-to-noise ratio. The step toward ultra-high-field (UHF) MRI at 7 Tesla and higher, however, creates several challenges regarding the homogeneity of the spin excitation RF transmit field and the RF exposure of the subject. In UHF MRI systems, the wavelength of the RF field is in the range of the diameter of the human body, which can result in inhomogeneous spin excitation and local SAR hotspots. To optimize the homogeneity in a region of interest, UHF MRI systems use parallel transmit systems with multiple transmit antennas and time-dependent modulation of the RF signal in the individual transmit channels. Furthermore, SAR increases with increasing field strength, while the SAR limits remain unchanged. Two different approaches to generate the RF transmit field in UHF systems using antenna arrays close and remote to the body are investigated in this letter. Achievable imaging performance is evaluated compared to typical clinical RF transmit systems at lower field strength. The evaluation has been performed under consideration of RF exposure based on local SAR and tissue temperature. Furthermore, results for thermal dose as an alternative RF exposure metric are presented.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FingerBraunBil2020,
  author    = {Finger, Felix and Braun, Carsten and Bil, Cees},
  title     = {Comparative assessment of parallel-hybrid-electric propulsion systems for four different aircraft},
  series = {Journal of Aircraft},
  volume    = {57},
  journal   = {Journal of Aircraft},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {AIAA},
  address   = {Reston, Va.},
  issn      = {1533-3868},
  doi       = {10.2514/1.C035897},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Until electric energy storage systems are ready to allow fully electric aircraft, the combination of combustion engine and electric motor as a hybrid-electric propulsion system seems to be a promising intermediate solution. Consequently, the design space for future aircraft is expanded considerably, as serial hybrid-electric, parallel hybrid-electric, fully electric, and conventional propulsion systems must all be considered. While the best propulsion system depends on a multitude of requirements and considerations, trends can be observed for certain types of aircraft and certain types of missions. This Paper provides insight into some factors that drive a new design toward either conventional or hybrid propulsion systems. General aviation aircraft, regional transport aircraft vertical takeoff and landing air taxis, and unmanned aerial vehicles are chosen as case studies. Typical missions for each class are considered, and the aircraft are analyzed regarding their takeoff mass and primary energy consumption. For these case studies, a high-level approach is chosen, using an initial sizing methodology. Only parallel-hybrid-electric powertrains are taken into account. Aeropropulsive interaction effects are neglected. Results indicate that hybrid-electric propulsion systems should be considered if the propulsion system is sized by short-duration power constraints. However, if the propulsion system is sized by a continuous power requirement, hybrid-electric systems offer hardly any benefit.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FingerBraunBil2020,
  author    = {Finger, Felix and Braun, Carsten and Bil, Cees},
  title     = {Impact of Battery Performance on the Initial Sizing of Hybrid-Electric General Aviation Aircraft},
  series = {Journal of Aerospace Engineering},
  volume    = {33},
  journal   = {Journal of Aerospace Engineering},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {ASCE},
  address   = {Reston, Va.},
  issn      = {1943-5525},
  doi       = {10.1061/(ASCE)AS.1943-5525.0001113},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Studies suggest that hybrid-electric aircraft have the potential to generate fewer emissions and be inherently quieter when compared to conventional aircraft. By operating combustion engines together with an electric propulsion system, synergistic benefits can be obtained. However, the performance of hybrid-electric aircraft is still constrained by a battery's energy density and discharge rate. In this paper, the influence of battery performance on the gross mass for a four-seat general aviation aircraft with a hybrid-electric propulsion system is analyzed. For this design study, a high-level approach is chosen, using an innovative initial sizing methodology to determine the minimum required aircraft mass for a specific set of requirements and constraints. Only the peak-load shaving operational strategy is analyzed. Both parallel- and serial-hybrid propulsion configurations are considered for two different missions. The specific energy of the battery pack is varied from 200 to 1,000 W⋅h/kg, while the discharge time, and thus the normalized discharge rating (C-rating), is varied between 30 min (2C discharge rate) and 2 min (30C discharge rate). With the peak-load shaving operating strategy, it is desirable for hybrid-electric aircraft to use a light, low capacity battery system to boost performance. For this case, the battery's specific power rating proved to be of much higher importance than for full electric designs, which have high capacity batteries. Discharge ratings of 20C allow a significant take-off mass reduction aircraft. The design point moves to higher wing loadings and higher levels of hybridization if batteries with advanced technology are used.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FingerGoettenBraunetal.2020,
  author    = {Finger, Felix and G{\"o}tten, Falk and Braun, Carsten and Bil, Cees},
  title     = {Mass, primary energy, and cost: the impact of optimization objectives on the initial sizing of hybrid-electric general aviation aircraft},
  series = {CEAS Aeronautical Journal},
  volume    = {2020},
  journal   = {CEAS Aeronautical Journal},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Heidelberg},
  issn      = {1869-5590},
  doi       = {10.1007/s13272-020-00449-8},
  pages     = {713 -- 730},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {For short take-off and landing (STOL) aircraft, a parallel hybrid-electric propulsion system potentially offers superior performance compared to a conventional propulsion system, because the short-take-off power requirement is much higher than the cruise power requirement. This power-matching problem can be solved with a balanced hybrid propulsion system. However, there is a trade-off between wing loading, power loading, the level of hybridization, as well as range and take-off distance. An optimization method can vary design variables in such a way that a minimum of a particular objective is attained. In this paper, a comparison between the optimization results for minimum mass, minimum consumed primary energy, and minimum cost is conducted. A new initial sizing algorithm for general aviation aircraft with hybrid-electric propulsion systems is applied. This initial sizing methodology covers point performance, mission performance analysis, the weight estimation process, and cost estimation. The methodology is applied to the design of a STOL general aviation aircraft, intended for on-demand air mobility operations. The aircraft is sized to carry eight passengers over a distance of 500 km, while able to take off and land from short airstrips. Results indicate that parallel hybrid-electric propulsion systems must be considered for future STOL aircraft.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FinkenbergerVeil2020,
  author    = {Finkenberger, Isabel Maria and Veil, Katja},
  title     = {R{\"a}umliche Transformation},
  series = {RaumPlanung : Fachzeitschrift f{\"u}r r{\"a}umliche Planung und Forschung},
  volume    = {205},
  journal   = {RaumPlanung : Fachzeitschrift f{\"u}r r{\"a}umliche Planung und Forschung},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {IfR (Informationskreis f{\"u}r Raumplanung)},
  address   = {Dortmund},
  issn      = {0176-7534},
  pages     = {6 -- 11},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{FrankoDuKallweitetal.2020,
  author    = {Franko, Josef and Du, Shengzhi and Kallweit, Stephan and Duelberg, Enno Sebastian and Engemann, Heiko},
  title     = {Design of a Multi-Robot System for Wind Turbine Maintenance},
  series = {Energies},
  volume    = {13},
  journal   = {Energies},
  number    = {10},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {1996-1073},
  doi       = {10.3390/en13102552},
  pages     = {Article 2552},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The maintenance of wind turbines is of growing importance considering the transition to renewable energy. This paper presents a multi-robot-approach for automated wind turbine maintenance including a novel climbing robot. Currently, wind turbine maintenance remains a manual task, which is monotonous, dangerous, and also physically demanding due to the large scale of wind turbines. Technical climbers are required to work at significant heights, even in bad weather conditions. Furthermore, a skilled labor force with sufficient knowledge in repairing fiber composite material is rare. Autonomous mobile systems enable the digitization of the maintenance process. They can be designed for weather-independent operations. This work contributes to the development and experimental validation of a maintenance system consisting of multiple robotic platforms for a variety of tasks, such as wind turbine tower and rotor blade service. In this work, multicopters with vision and LiDAR sensors for global inspection are used to guide slower climbing robots. Light-weight magnetic climbers with surface contact were used to analyze structure parts with non-destructive inspection methods and to locally repair smaller defects. Localization was enabled by adapting odometry for conical-shaped surfaces considering additional navigation sensors. Magnets were suitable for steel towers to clamp onto the surface. A friction-based climbing ring robot (SMART— Scanning, Monitoring, Analyzing, Repair and Transportation) completed the set-up for higher payload. The maintenance period could be extended by using weather-proofed maintenance robots. The multi-robot-system was running the Robot Operating System (ROS). Additionally, first steps towards machine learning would enable maintenance staff to use pattern classification for fault diagnosis in order to operate safely from the ground in the future.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Gaigall2020,
  author    = {Gaigall, Daniel},
  title     = {Hoeffding-Blum-Kiefer-Rosenblatt independence test statistic on partly not identically distributed data},
  series = {Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods},
  volume    = {51},
  journal   = {Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods},
  number    = {12},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {1532-415X},
  doi       = {10.1080/03610926.2020.1805767},
  pages     = {4006 -- 4028},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The established Hoeffding-Blum-Kiefer-Rosenblatt independence test statistic is investigated for partly not identically distributed data. Surprisingly, it turns out that the statistic has the well-known distribution-free limiting null distribution of the classical criterion under standard regularity conditions. An application is testing goodness-of-fit for the regression function in a non parametric random effects meta-regression model, where the consistency is obtained as well. Simulations investigate size and power of the approach for small and moderate sample sizes. A real data example based on clinical trials illustrates how the test can be used in applications.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Gaigall2020,
  author    = {Gaigall, Daniel},
  title     = {Testing marginal homogeneity of a continuous bivariate distribution with possibly incomplete paired data},
  series = {Metrika},
  volume    = {2020},
  journal   = {Metrika},
  number    = {83},
  publisher = {Springer},
  issn      = {1435-926X},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00184-019-00742-5},
  pages     = {437 -- 465},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {We discuss the testing problem of homogeneity of the marginal distributions of a continuous bivariate distribution based on a paired sample with possibly missing components (missing completely at random). Applying the well-known two-sample Cr{\´a}mer-von-Mises distance to the remaining data, we determine the limiting null distribution of our test statistic in this situation. It is seen that a new resampling approach is appropriate for the approximation of the unknown null distribution. We prove that the resulting test asymptotically reaches the significance level and is consistent. Properties of the test under local alternatives are pointed out as well. Simulations investigate the quality of the approximation and the power of the new approach in the finite sample case. As an illustration we apply the test to real data sets.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Gaigall2020,
  author    = {Gaigall, Daniel},
  title     = {Rothman-Woodroofe symmetry test statistic revisited},
  series = {Computational Statistics \& Data Analysis},
  volume    = {2020},
  journal   = {Computational Statistics \& Data Analysis},
  number    = {142},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0167-9473},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.csda.2019.106837},
  pages     = {Artikel 106837},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The Rothman-Woodroofe symmetry test statistic is revisited on the basis of independent but not necessarily identically distributed random variables. The distribution-freeness if the underlying distributions are all symmetric and continuous is obtained. The results are applied for testing symmetry in a meta-analysis random effects model. The consistency of the procedure is discussed in this situation as well. A comparison with an alternative proposal from the literature is conducted via simulations. Real data are analyzed to demonstrate how the new approach works in practice.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GazdaMaurischat2020,
  author    = {Gazda, Quentin and Maurischat, Andreas},
  title     = {Special functions and Gauss-Thakur sums in higher rank and dimension},
  publisher = {De Gruyter},
  address   = {Berlin},
  pages     = {26 Seiten},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GerhardsSanderZivkovicetal.2020,
  author    = {Gerhards, Michael and Sander, Volker and Zivkovic, Miroslav and Belloum, Adam and Bubak, Marian},
  title     = {New approach to allocation planning of many-task workflows on clouds},
  series = {Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience},
  volume    = {32},
  journal   = {Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience},
  number    = {2 Article e5404},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  address   = {Chichester},
  issn      = {1532-0634},
  doi       = {10.1002/cpe.5404},
  pages     = {1 -- 16},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Experience has shown that a priori created static resource allocation plans are vulnerable to runtime deviations and hence often become uneconomic or highly exceed a predefined soft deadline. The assumption of constant task execution times during allocation planning is even more unlikely in a cloud environment where virtualized resources vary in performance. Revising the initially created resource allocation plan at runtime allows the scheduler to react on deviations between planning and execution. Such an adaptive rescheduling of a many-task application workflow is only feasible, when the planning time can be handled efficiently at runtime. In this paper, we present the static low-complexity resource allocation planning algorithm (LCP) applicable to efficiently schedule many-task scientific application workflows on cloud resources of different capabilities. The benefits of the presented algorithm are benchmarked against alternative approaches. The benchmark results show that LCP is not only able to compete against higher complexity algorithms in terms of planned costs and planned makespan but also outperforms them significantly by magnitudes of 2 to 160 in terms of required planning time. Hence, LCP is superior in terms of practical usability where low planning time is essential such as in our targeted online rescheduling scenario.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Golland2020,
  author    = {Golland, Alexander},
  title     = {Datenschutzrechtliche Fragen personalisierter Preise — Herausforderungen von Algorithmen im Schnittbereich von Ethik, {\"O}konomie und Datenschutz},
  series = {CR Computer und Recht},
  volume    = {36},
  journal   = {CR Computer und Recht},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Verlag Dr. Otto Schmidt},
  address   = {K{\"o}ln},
  isbn      = {2194-4172},
  doi       = {10.9785/cr-2020-360313},
  pages     = {186 -- 194},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Golland2020,
  author    = {Golland, Alexander},
  title     = {Datenschutzrechtliche Anforderungen an internationale Datentransfers},
  series = {NJW - Neue Juristische Wochenschrift},
  volume    = {2020},
  journal   = {NJW - Neue Juristische Wochenschrift},
  number    = {36},
  publisher = {Beck},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  issn      = {0341-1915},
  pages     = {2593 -- 2596},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Golland2020,
  author    = {Golland, Alexander},
  title     = {Die „private" Datenverarbeitung im Internet. Verantwortlichkeiten und Rechtm{\"a}ßigkeit bei Nutzung von Plattformdiensten durch nat{\"u}rliche Personen},
  series = {ZD Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Datenschutz},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {ZD Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Datenschutz},
  number    = {8},
  editor    = {Hoeren, Thomas and Schneider, Jochen and Selmayr, Martin and Spies, Axel and Wybitul, Tim},
  publisher = {Beck},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  isbn      = {2192-5593},
  pages     = {397 -- 403},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Golland2020,
  author    = {Golland, Alexander},
  title     = {Weckruf f{\"u}r deutsche Großunternehmen? - Der neue Entwurf des IT-Sicherheitsgesetz 2.0},
  series = {K\&R Kommunikation \& Recht},
  volume    = {23},
  journal   = {K\&R Kommunikation \& Recht},
  number    = {7-8},
  publisher = {dfv Mediengruppe},
  address   = {Frankfurt a.M.},
  isbn      = {1434-6354},
  pages     = {I},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Golland2020,
  author    = {Golland, Alexander},
  title     = {EDPB: Europ{\"a}ische Aufsichtsbeh{\"o}rden mit neuen Guidelines zur datenschutzkonformen Einwilligung},
  series = {DSB Datenschutz-Berater},
  volume    = {44},
  journal   = {DSB Datenschutz-Berater},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {dfv Mediengruppe},
  address   = {Frankfurt a.M.},
  isbn      = {0170-7256},
  pages     = {151 -- 153},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Golland2020,
  author    = {Golland, Alexander},
  title     = {Verantwortlichkeit, Data Breach, das Ende von Fax \& E-Mail: Aufsichtsbeh{\"o}rden mit streitbaren Thesen},
  series = {DSB Datenschutz-Berater},
  volume    = {44},
  journal   = {DSB Datenschutz-Berater},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {dfv Mediengruppe},
  address   = {Frankfurt a.M.},
  isbn      = {0170-7256},
  pages     = {98 -- 100},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{GossmannThomasHorvathetal.2020,
  author    = {Gossmann, Matthias and Thomas, Ulrich and Horv{\´a}th, Andr{\´a}s and Dragicevic, Elena and Stoelzle-Feix, Sonja and Jung, Alexander and Raman, Aravind Hariharan and Staat, Manfred and Linder, Peter},
  title     = {A higher-throughput approach to investigate cardiac contractility in vitro under physiological mechanical conditions},
  series = {Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods},
  volume    = {105},
  journal   = {Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods},
  number    = {Article 106843},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {New York, NY},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.vascn.2020.106843},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GoettenFinger2020,
  author    = {G{\"o}tten, Falk and Finger, Felix},
  title     = {PhoenAIX - Die modulare Transportdrohne},
  series = {Ingenieurspiegel},
  volume    = {2020},
  journal   = {Ingenieurspiegel},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Public Verlag},
  address   = {Bingen},
  isbn      = {1868-5919},
  pages     = {38 -- 40},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Die autonome, unbemannte Luftfahrt ist einer der Schl{\"u}sselsektoren f{\"u}r die Zukunft der Luftfahrt. In diesem rasant wachsenden Bereich nehmen senkrecht startende und senkrecht landende Flugzeuge (Vertical Take-Off and Landing - VTOL) einen besonderen Platz ein. Ein VTOL-Flugzeug (manchmal auch „Transitionsflugger{\"a}t" genannt) verbindet die Eigenschaft des Helikopters, {\"u}berall starten und landen zu k{\"o}nnen, mit den Geschwindigkeits-, Reichweiten und Flugdauervorteilen des Starrfl{\"u}glers. Grunds{\"a}tzlich wird die Senkrechtstart- und -landef{\"a}higkeit sowohl von zivilen als auch von milit{\"a}rischen Betreibern unbemannter Flugger{\"a}te (UAVs) gew{\"u}nscht. Trotzdem bietet der Markt nur eine geringe Anzahl von VTOL-UAVs, da qualitativ hochwertige Entw{\"u}rfe eine ausgesprochene Herausforderung in der Entwicklung darstellen. An der FH Aachen wird deshalb seit {\"u}ber 5 Jahren an der Auslegung und Analyse von solchen unbemannten VTOL Flugzeugen geforscht. Das neuste Projekt ist der Eigenentwurf einer großen, senkrechtstartenden Transportdrohne. Das „PhoenAIX" getaufte Flugger{\"a}t wird von Falk G{\"o}tten und Felix Finger im Rahmen einer EFRE-F{\"o}rderung entwickelt.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{GoettenHavermannBraunetal.2020,
  author    = {G{\"o}tten, Falk and Havermann, Marc and Braun, Carsten and Marino, Matthew and Bil, Cees},
  title     = {Airfoil drag at low-to-medium reynolds numbers: A novel estimation method},
  series = {AIAA Journal},
  volume    = {58},
  journal   = {AIAA Journal},
  number    = {7},
  publisher = {AIAA},
  address   = {Reston, Va.},
  issn      = {1533-385X},
  doi       = {10.2514/1.J058983},
  pages     = {2791 -- 2805},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {This paper presents a novel method for airfoil drag estimation at Reynolds numbers between 4×10⁵ and 4×10⁶. The novel method is based on a systematic study of 40 airfoils applying over 600 numerical simulations and considering natural transition. The influence of the airfoil thickness-to-chord ratio, camber, and freestream Reynolds number on both friction and pressure drag is analyzed in detail. Natural transition significantly affects drag characteristics and leads to distinct drag minima for different Reynolds numbers and thickness-to-chord ratios. The results of the systematic study are used to develop empirical correlations that can accurately predict an airfoil drag at low-lift conditions. The new approach estimates a transition location based on airfoil thickness-to-chord ratio, camber, and Reynolds number. It uses the transition location in a mixed laminar-turbulent skin-friction calculation, and corrects the skin-friction coefficient for separation effects. Pressure drag is estimated separately based on correlations of thickness-to-chord ratio, camber, and Reynolds number. The novel method shows excellent accuracy when compared with wind-tunnel measurements of multiple airfoils. It is easily integrable into existing aircraft design environments and is highly beneficial in the conceptual design stage.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GoettenHavermannBraunetal.2020,
  author    = {G{\"o}tten, Falk and Havermann, Marc and Braun, Carsten and Marino, Matthew and Bil, Cees},
  title     = {Wind-tunnel and CFD investigations of UAV landing gears and turrets - Improvements in empirical drag estimation},
  series = {Aerospace Science and Technology},
  volume    = {107},
  journal   = {Aerospace Science and Technology},
  number    = {Art. 106306},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1270-9638},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.ast.2020.106306},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {This paper analyzes the drag characteristics of several landing gear and turret configurations that are representative of unmanned aircraft tricycle landing gears and sensor turrets. A variety of these components were constructed via 3D-printing and analyzed in a wind-tunnel measurement campaign. Both turrets and landing gears were attached to a modular fuselage that supported both isolated components and multiple components at a time. Selected cases were numerically investigated with a Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes approach that showed good accuracy when compared to wind-tunnel data. The drag of main gear struts could be significantly reduced via streamlining their cross-sectional shape and keeping load carrying capabilities similar. The attachment of wheels introduced interference effects that increased strut drag moderately but significantly increased wheel drag compared to isolated cases. Very similar behavior was identified for front landing gears. The drag of an electro-optical and infrared sensor turret was found to be much higher than compared to available data of a clean hemisphere-cylinder combination. This turret drag was merely influenced by geometrical features like sensor surfaces and the rotational mechanism. The new data of this study is used to develop simple drag estimation recommendations for main and front landing gear struts and wheels as well as sensor turrets. These recommendations take geometrical considerations and interference effects into account.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GoettenHavermannBraunetal.2020,
  author    = {G{\"o}tten, Falk and Havermann, Marc and Braun, Carsten and Marino, Matthew and Bil, Cees},
  title     = {Improved Form Factor for Drag Estimation of Fuselages with Various Cross Sections},
  series = {Journal of Aircraft},
  journal   = {Journal of Aircraft},
  publisher = {AIAA},
  address   = {Reston, Va.},
  issn      = {1533-3868},
  doi       = {10.2514/1.C036032},
  pages     = {1 -- 13},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The paper presents an aerodynamic investigation of 70 different streamlined bodies with fineness ratios ranging from 2 to 10. The bodies are chosen to idealize both unmanned and small manned aircraft fuselages and feature cross-sectional shapes that vary from circular to quadratic. The study focuses on friction and pressure drag in dependency of the individual body's fineness ratio and cross section. The drag forces are normalized with the respective body's wetted area to comply with an empirical drag estimation procedure. Although the friction drag coefficient then stays rather constant for all bodies, their pressure drag coefficients decrease with an increase in fineness ratio. Referring the pressure drag coefficient to the bodies' cross-sectional areas shows a distinct pressure drag minimum at a fineness ratio of about three. The pressure drag of bodies with a quadratic cross section is generally higher than for bodies of revolution. The results are used to derive an improved form factor that can be employed in a classic empirical drag estimation method. The improved formulation takes both the fineness ratio and cross-sectional shape into account. It shows superior accuracy in estimating streamlined body drag when compared with experimental data and other form factor formulations of the literature.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HailerWeberNevelingetal.2020,
  author    = {Hailer, Benjamin and Weber, Tobias and Neveling, Sebastian and Dera, Samuel and Arent, Jan-Christoph and Middendorf, Peter},
  title     = {Development of a test device to determine the frictional behavior between honeycomb and prepreg layers under realistic manufacturing conditions},
  series = {Journal of Sandwich Structures \& Materials},
  journal   = {Journal of Sandwich Structures \& Materials},
  number    = {Volume 23, Issue 7},
  publisher = {Sage},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {1530-7972},
  doi       = {10.1177/1099636220923986},
  pages     = {3017 -- 3043},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {In the friction tests between honeycomb with film adhesive and prepreg, the relative displacement occurs between the film adhesive and the prepreg. The film adhesive does not shift relative to the honeycomb. This is consistent with the core crush behavior where the honeycomb moves together with the film adhesive, as can be seen in Figure 2(a). The pull-through forces of the friction measurements between honeycomb and prepreg at 1 mm deformation are plotted in Figure 17(a). While the friction at 100°C is similar to the friction at 120°C, it decreases significantly at 130°C and exhibits a minimum at 140°C. At 150°C, the friction rises again slightly and then sharply at 160°C. Since the viscosity of the M18/1 prepreg resin drops significantly before it cures [23], the minimum friction at 140°C could result from a minimum viscosity of the mixture of prepreg resin and film adhesive before the bond subsequently cures. Figure 17(b) shows the mean value curve of the friction measurements at 140°C. The error bars, which represent the standard deviation, reveal the good repeatability of the tests. The force curve is approximately horizontal between 1 mm and 2 mm. The friction then slightly rises. As with interlaminar friction measurements, this could be due to the fact that resin is removed by friction and the proportion of boundary lubrication increases. Figure 18 shows the surfaces after the friction measurement. The honeycomb cell walls are clearly visible in the film adhesive. There are areas where the film adhesive is completely removed and the carrier material of the film adhesive becomes visible. In addition, the viscosity of the resin changes as the curing progresses during the friction test. This can also affect the force-displacement curve.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HamouKotliarTanetal.2020,
  author    = {Hamou, Hussam Aldin and Kotliar, Konstantin and Tan, Sonny Kian and Weiß, Christel and Blume, Christian and Clusmann, Hans and Schubert, Gerrit Alexander and Albanna, Walid},
  title     = {Surgical nuances and placement of subgaleal drains for supratentorial procedures—a prospective analysis of efficacy and outcome in 150 craniotomies},
  series = {Acta Neurochirurgica},
  volume    = {2020},
  journal   = {Acta Neurochirurgica},
  number    = {162},
  publisher = {Springer Nature},
  address   = {Cham},
  issn      = {0942-0940},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00701-019-04196-6},
  pages     = {729 -- 736},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Background For supratentorial craniotomy, surgical access, and closure technique, including placement of subgaleal drains, may vary considerably. The influence of surgical nuances on postoperative complications such as cerebrospinal fluid leakage or impaired wound healing overall remains largely unclear. With this study, we are reporting our experiences and the impact of our clinical routines on outcome in a prospectively collected data set. Method We prospectively observed 150 consecutive patients undergoing supratentorial craniotomy and recorded technical variables (type/length of incision, size of craniotomy, technique of dural and skin closure, type of dressing, and placement of subgaleal drains). Outcome variables (subgaleal hematoma/CSF collection, periorbital edema, impairment of wound healing, infection, and need for operative revision) were recorded at time of discharge and at late follow-up. Results Early subgaleal fluid collection was observed in 36.7\% (2.8\% at the late follow-up), and impaired wound healing was recorded in 3.3\% of all cases, with an overall need for operative revision of 6.7\%. Neither usage of dural sealants, lack of watertight dural closure, and presence of subgaleal drains, nor type of skin closure or dressing influenced outcome. Curved incisions, larger craniotomy, and tumor size, however, were associated with an increase in early CSF or hematoma collection (p < 0.0001, p = 0.001, p < 0.01 resp.), and larger craniotomy size was associated with longer persistence of subgaleal fluid collections (p < 0.05). Conclusions Based on our setting, individual surgical nuances such as the type of dural closure and the use of subgaleal drains resulted in a comparable complication rate and outcome. Subgaleal fluid collections were frequently observed after supratentorial procedures, irrespective of the closing technique employed, and resolve spontaneously in the majority of cases without significant sequelae. Our results are limited due to the observational nature in our single-center study and need to be validated by supportive prospective randomized design.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HeinEubanksHibberdetal.2020,
  author    = {Hein, Andreas M. and Eubanks, T. Marshall and Hibberd, Adam and Fries, Dan and Schneider, Jean and Lingam, Manasvi and Kennedy, Robert and Perakis, Nikolaos and Dachwald, Bernd and Kervella, Pierre},
  title     = {Interstellar Now! Missions to and sample returns from nearby interstellar objects},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  pages     = {1 -- 8},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The recently discovered first high velocity hyperbolic objects passing through the Solar System, 1I/'Oumuamua and 2I/Borisov, have raised the question about near term missions to Interstellar Objects. In situ spacecraft exploration of these objects will allow the direct determination of both their structure and their chemical and isotopic composition, enabling an entirely new way of studying small bodies from outside our solar system. In this paper, we map various Interstellar Object classes to mission types, demonstrating that missions to a range of Interstellar Object classes are feasible, using existing or near-term technology. We describe flyby, rendezvous and sample return missions to interstellar objects, showing various ways to explore these bodies characterizing their surface, dynamics, structure and composition. Interstellar objects likely formed very far from the solar system in both time and space; their direct exploration will constrain their formation and history, situating them within the dynamical and chemical evolution of the Galaxy. These mission types also provide the opportunity to explore solar system bodies and perform measurements in the far outer solar system.},
  language  = {en}
}