@article{AimenovaDigelEshibaev2016,
  author    = {Aimenova, Zh. E. and Digel, Ilya and Eshibaev, А. А.},
  title     = {Dynamics of accumulation of lagochirzin in Lagochilus setulosus phytomass during the growing season and also features of its cultivation in the conditions of a typical sierozem},
  series = {KazNU Bulletin. Biology series},
  volume    = {69},
  journal   = {KazNU Bulletin. Biology series},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Al-Farabi Kazakh National University},
  address   = {Almaty},
  issn      = {1563-0218},
  pages     = {4 -- 11},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {L.setulosus is offered for creation of biopreparation «Setulin», possesing he- mostatic action, the basic reactant of biopreparation is diterpen - lagochirzin. Results under the maintenance and dynamics of diterpen lagochirzin accumula- tion in various parts of L.setulosus are presented: in roots, stalks, leaves, flowers and calyx lobes during the growing season, and also results on conditions of cultivation L.setulosus in the conditions of a typical sierozem are resulted. From the obtained data is visible, that the given species of a plant is endemic. It is established, that dynamics of accumulation of lagochirzin in phytomass accrues from the beginning to the middle of the growing season. The chemical analysis of L.setulosus on a localization of lagochirzin in various organs of a plant, has shown, that the greatest quantity of lagochirzin collects in calyx lobes of the plants. Also it is established, that L.setulosus can be cultivated in the conditions of the typical sierozem, a mineral food is necessary for the given species of plants of Lagochilus genus, except nitric fertilizers. Comparative studying of wild-growing and cultural forms of L.setulosus has shown, that in the cultivated phytomass of plants the maintenance of lagochirzin on 17-20 \% higher than in the wild-growing species.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AkimbekovDigelTastambeketal.2013,
  author    = {Akimbekov, N. S. and Digel, Ilya and Tastambek, K. T. and Zhubanova, A. A.},
  title     = {Biocompatibility of carbonized rice husk with a rat heart cells line H9c2},
  series = {Experimental Biology},
  volume    = {59},
  journal   = {Experimental Biology},
  number    = {3/1},
  issn      = {1563-0218},
  pages     = {23 -- 25},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AkimbekovDigelZhubanova2014,
  author    = {Akimbekov, N. Sh. and Digel, Ilya and Zhubanova, A. A.},
  title     = {Advantages of creation of e-books in training of specialists biologists and biotechnologists},
  series = {KazNU Bulletin. Biology series.},
  volume    = {60},
  journal   = {KazNU Bulletin. Biology series.},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Al-Farabi Kazakh National University},
  address   = {Almaty},
  issn      = {1563-0218},
  pages     = {249 -- 252},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {The necessity of e-books as a primary of learning, its opportunities for realization of competence during training biologist and biotechnologist specialists are determined. Definitions and requirements to the e-books, its advantages in comparison with traditional textbooks, and the ways of creation of e-books in the SunRav BookEditor program are considered.},
  language  = {ru}
}
@article{AkimbekovDigelZhubanova2013,
  author    = {Akimbekov, N. Sh. and Digel, Ilya and Zhubanova, A. A.},
  title     = {Investigation the Influence of Carbonized Material Based On Rice Husk on Viability and Migration of Fibroblasts in T3B3 Cell Culture},
  series = {KazNU Bulletin. Biology series},
  volume    = {59},
  journal   = {KazNU Bulletin. Biology series},
  number    = {3/1},
  issn      = {1563-0218},
  pages     = {20 -- 23},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AkimbekovZhubanovaMansurovetal.2010,
  author    = {Akimbekov, N. Sh. and Zhubanova, A. A. and Mansurov, Z. A. and Digel, Ilya and Artmann, Gerhard and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l},
  title     = {Use of Carbonized Rise Shell for the local treatment of wounds},
  series = {Eurasian ChemTech Journal},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Eurasian ChemTech Journal},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Institute of Combustion Problems},
  address   = {Almaty},
  issn      = {2522-4867},
  doi       = {10.18321/ectj35},
  pages     = {133 -- 138},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {On the model of musculocutaneous wound in rats, the effect of applicative sorption by carbonized rise shell (CRS) on the healing of festering wound was studied. It has been shown, that cytological changes end with rapid scar formation. The use of CRS at the period of severe purulent wound contributes to its favorable course, prevents the development of complications of the animals from sepsis.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AkimbekovDigelOHerasetal.2014,
  author    = {Akimbekov, N.Sh. and Digel, Ilya and O´Heras, C. and Tastambek, K.T. and Savitskaya, I.S. and Ualyeva, P.S. and Mansurov, Z.A. and Zhubanova, A.A.},
  title     = {Adsorption of bacterial lipopolysaccharides on carbonized rice husks obtained in the batch experiments},
  series = {Experimental Biology},
  volume    = {60},
  journal   = {Experimental Biology},
  number    = {1/2},
  publisher = {Al-Farabi Kazakh National University},
  address   = {Almaty},
  issn      = {1563-0218},
  pages     = {144 -- 148},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {The scope of this study is the measurement of endotoxin adsorption rate for carbonized rice husk. It showed good adsorption properties for LPS. During the batch experiments, several techniques were used and optimized for improving the material's adsorption behavior. Also, with the results obtained it was possible to differentiate the materials according to their adsorption capacity and kinetic characteristics.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AkimbekovDigelO’Herasetal.2015,
  author    = {Akimbekov, N.Sh. and Digel, Ilya and O'Heras, C. and Tastambek, K.T. and Savitskaya, I.S. and Ualyeva, P.S. and Mansurov, Z.A. and Zhubanova, A.A.},
  title     = {Adsorption of bacterial lipopol ysaccharides on carbonized ri ce husks obtained in the batch experiments},
  series = {KazNU Bulletin. Biology series},
  volume    = {60},
  journal   = {KazNU Bulletin. Biology series},
  number    = {No 1/2},
  issn      = {1563-0218},
  pages     = {144 -- 148},
  year      = {2015},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AkimbekovDigelSavitkayaetal.2013,
  author    = {Akimbekov, N.Sh. and Digel, Ilya and Savitkaya, I.S. and Zhubanova, A.A. and Tastambek, K.T.},
  title     = {Investigations of LPS endotoxin elimination in the flowing column conditions with the sorbent on the basis of carbonized rice husk},
  series = {KazNU Bulletin. Biology series},
  volume    = {57},
  journal   = {KazNU Bulletin. Biology series},
  number    = {1},
  issn      = {1563-0218},
  pages     = {124 -- 127},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AkimbekovDigelAbdievaetal.2021,
  author    = {Akimbekov, Nuraly and Digel, Ilya and Abdieva, Gulzhamal and Ualieva, Perizat and Tastambek, Kuanysh},
  title     = {Lignite biosolubilization and bioconversion by Bacillus sp.: the collation of analytical data},
  series = {Biofuels},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Biofuels},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {1759-7277},
  pages     = {247 -- 258},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The vast metabolic potential of microbes in brown coal (lignite) processing and utilization can greatly contribute to innovative approaches to sustainable production of high-value products from coal. In this study, the multi-faceted and complex coal biosolubilization process by Bacillus sp. RKB 7 isolate from the Kazakhstan coal-mining soil is reported, and the derived products are characterized. Lignite solubilization tests performed for surface and suspension cultures testify to the formation of numerous soluble lignite-derived substances. Almost 24\% of crude lignite (5\% w/v) was solubilized within 14 days under slightly alkaline conditions (pH 8.2). FTIR analysis revealed various functional groups in the obtained biosolubilization products. Analyses of the lignite-derived humic products by UV-Vis and fluorescence spectrometry as well as elemental analysis yielded compatible results indicating the emerging products had a lower molecular weight and degree of aromaticity. Furthermore, XRD and SEM analyses were used to evaluate the biosolubilization processes from mineralogical and microscopic points of view. The findings not only contribute to a deeper understanding of microbe-mineral interactions in coal environments, but also contribute to knowledge of coal biosolubilization and bioconversion with regard to sustainable production of humic substances. The detailed and comprehensive analyses demonstrate the huge biotechnological potential of Bacillus sp. for agricultural productivity and environmental health.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AkimbekovQiaoDigeletal.2020,
  author    = {Akimbekov, Nuraly and Qiao, Xiaohui and Digel, Ilya and Abdieva, Gulzhamal and Ualieva, Perizat and Zhubanova, Azhar},
  title     = {The effect of leonardite-derived amendments on soil microbiome structure and potato yield},
  series = {Agriculture},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Agriculture},
  number    = {Art. 147},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  doi       = {10.3390/agriculture10050147},
  pages     = {1 -- 17},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Humic substances originating from various organic matters can ameliorate soil properties, stimulate plant growth, and improve nutrient uptake. Due to the low calorific heating value, leonardite is rather unsuitable as fuel. However, it may serve as a potential source of humic substances. This study was aimed at characterizing the leonardite-based soil amendments and examining the effect of their application on the soil microbial community, as well as on potato growth and tuber yield. A high yield (71.1\%) of humic acid (LHA) from leonardite has been demonstrated. Parental leonardite (PL) and LHA were applied to soil prior to potato cultivation. The 16S rRNA sequencing of soil samples revealed distinct relationships between microbial community composition and the application of leonardite-based soil amendments. Potato tubers were planted in pots in greenhouse conditions. The tubers were harvested at the mature stage for the determination of growth and yield parameters. The results demonstrated that the LHA treatments had a significant effect on increasing potato growth (54.9\%) and tuber yield (66.4\%) when compared to the control. The findings highlight the importance of amending leonardite-based humic products for maintaining the biogeochemical stability of soils, for keeping their healthy microbial community structure, and for increasing the agronomic productivity of potato plants.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{AkimbekovDigelRazzaque2022,
  author    = {Akimbekov, Nuraly S. and Digel, Ilya and Razzaque, Mohammed S.},
  title     = {Role of vitamins in maintaining structure and function of intestinal microbiome},
  series = {Comprehensive Gut Microbiota},
  booktitle = {Comprehensive Gut Microbiota},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  isbn      = {978-0-12-822036-8},
  doi       = {10.1016/B978-0-12-819265-8.00043-7},
  pages     = {320 -- 334},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {The recent advances in microbiology have shed light on understanding the role of vitamins beyond the nutritional range. Vitamins are critical in contributing to healthy biodiversity and maintaining the proper function of gut microbiota. The sharing of vitamins among bacterial populations promotes stability in community composition and diversity; however, this balance becomes disturbed in various pathologies. Here, we overview and analyze the ability of different vitamins to selectively and specifically induce changes in the intestinal microbial community. Some schemes and regularities become visible, which may provide new insights and avenues for therapeutic management and functional optimization of the gut microbiota.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AkimbekovDigelSherelkhanetal.2020,
  author    = {Akimbekov, Nuraly S. and Digel, Ilya and Sherelkhan, Dinara K. and Lutfor, Afzalunnessa B. and Razzaque, Mohammed S.},
  title     = {Vitamin D and the Host-Gut Microbiome: A Brief Overview},
  series = {Acta Histochemica et Cytochemica},
  volume    = {53},
  journal   = {Acta Histochemica et Cytochemica},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Japan Society of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry},
  address   = {Osaka},
  issn      = {1347-5800},
  doi       = {10.1267/ahc.20011},
  pages     = {33 -- 42},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {There is a growing body of evidence for the effects of vitamin D on intestinal host-microbiome interactions related to gut dysbiosis and bowel inflammation. This brief review highlights the potential links between vitamin D and gut health, emphasizing the role of vitamin D in microbiological and immunological mechanisms of inflammatory bowel diseases. A comprehensive literature search was carried out in PubMed and Google Scholar using combinations of keywords "vitamin D," "intestines," "gut microflora," "bowel inflammation". Only articles published in English and related to the study topic are included in the review. We discuss how vitamin D (a) modulates intestinal microbiome function, (b) controls antimicrobial peptide expression, and (c) has a protective effect on epithelial barriers in the gut mucosa. Vitamin D and its nuclear receptor (VDR) regulate intestinal barrier integrity, and control innate and adaptive immunity in the gut. Metabolites from the gut microbiota may also regulate expression of VDR, while vitamin D may influence the gut microbiota and exert anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating effects. The underlying mechanism of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of bowel diseases is not fully understood, but maintaining an optimal vitamin D status appears to be beneficial for gut health. Future studies will shed light on the molecular mechanisms through which vitamin D and VDR interactions affect intestinal mucosal immunity, pathogen invasion, symbiont colonization, and antimicrobial peptide expression.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{AkimbekovDigelSherelkhanetal.2022,
  author    = {Akimbekov, Nuraly S. and Digel, Ilya and Sherelkhan, Dinara K. and Razzaque, Mohammed S.},
  title     = {Vitamin D and Phosphate Interactions in Health and Disease},
  series = {Phosphate Metabolism},
  booktitle = {Phosphate Metabolism},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-030-91621-3},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-030-91623-7_5},
  pages     = {37 -- 46},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Vitamin D plays an essential role in calcium and inorganic phosphate (Pi) homeostasis, maintaining their optimal levels to assure adequate bone mineralization. Vitamin D, as calcitriol (1,25(OH)2D), not only increases intestinal calcium and phosphate absorption but also facilitates their renal reabsorption, leading to elevated serum calcium and phosphate levels. The interaction of 1,25(OH)2D with its receptor (VDR) increases the efficiency of intestinal absorption of calcium to 30-40\% and phosphate to nearly 80\%. Serum phosphate levels can also influence 1,25 (OH)2D and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels, i.e., higher phosphate concentrations suppress vitamin D activation and stimulate parathyroid hormone (PTH) release, while a high FGF23 serum level leads to reduced vitamin D synthesis. In the vitamin D-deficient state, the intestinal calcium absorption decreases and the secretion of PTH increases, which in turn causes the stimulation of 1,25(OH)2D production, resulting in excessive urinary phosphate loss. Maintenance of phosphate homeostasis is essential as hyperphosphatemia is a risk factor of cardiovascular calcification, chronic kidney diseases (CKD), and premature aging, while hypophosphatemia is usually associated with rickets and osteomalacia. This chapter elaborates on the possible interactions between vitamin D and phosphate in health and disease.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AkimbekovDigelTastambeketal.2022,
  author    = {Akimbekov, Nuraly S. and Digel, Ilya and Tastambek, Kuanysh T. and Marat, Adel K. and Turaliyeva, Moldir A. and Kaiyrmanova, Gulzhan K.},
  title     = {Biotechnology of Microorganisms from Coal Environments: From Environmental Remediation to Energy Production},
  series = {Biology},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Biology},
  number    = {9},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2079-7737},
  doi       = {10.3390/biology11091306},
  pages     = {47 Seiten},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {It was generally believed that coal sources are not favorable as live-in habitats for microorganisms due to their recalcitrant chemical nature and negligible decomposition. However, accumulating evidence has revealed the presence of diverse microbial groups in coal environments and their significant metabolic role in coal biogeochemical dynamics and ecosystem functioning. The high oxygen content, organic fractions, and lignin-like structures of lower-rank coals may provide effective means for microbial attack, still representing a greatly unexplored frontier in microbiology. Coal degradation/conversion technology by native bacterial and fungal species has great potential in agricultural development, chemical industry production, and environmental rehabilitation. Furthermore, native microalgal species can offer a sustainable energy source and an excellent bioremediation strategy applicable to coal spill/seam waters. Additionally, the measures of the fate of the microbial community would serve as an indicator of restoration progress on post-coal-mining sites. This review puts forward a comprehensive vision of coal biodegradation and bioprocessing by microorganisms native to coal environments for determining their biotechnological potential and possible applications.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AkimbekovDigelTastambeketal.2021,
  author    = {Akimbekov, Nuraly S. and Digel, Ilya and Tastambek, Kuanysh T. and Sherelkhan, Dinara K. and Jussupova, Dariya B. and Altynbay, Nazym P.},
  title     = {Low-rank coal as a source of humic substances for soil amendment and fertility management},
  series = {Agriculture},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Agriculture},
  number    = {12},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2077-0472},
  doi       = {10.3390/agriculture11121261},
  pages     = {25 Seiten},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Humic substances (HS), as important environmental components, are essential to soil health and agricultural sustainability. The usage of low-rank coal (LRC) for energy generation has declined considerably due to the growing popularity of renewable energy sources and gas. However, their potential as soil amendment aimed to maintain soil quality and productivity deserves more recognition. LRC, a highly heterogeneous material in nature, contains large quantities of HS and may effectively help to restore the physicochemical, biological, and ecological functionality of soil. Multiple emerging studies support the view that LRC and its derivatives can positively impact the soil microclimate, nutrient status, and organic matter turnover. Moreover, the phytotoxic effects of some pollutants can be reduced by subsequent LRC application. Broad geographical availability, relatively low cost, and good technical applicability of LRC offer the advantage of easy fulfilling soil amendment and conditioner requirements worldwide. This review analyzes and emphasizes the potential of LRC and its numerous forms/combinations for soil amelioration and crop production. A great benefit would be a systematic investment strategy implicating safe utilization and long-term application of LRC for sustainable agricultural production.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{AkimbekovZhanadilovnaUalievaetal.2020,
  author    = {Akimbekov, Nuraly and Zhanadilovna, Abdieva G. and Ualieva, Perizat S. and Abaihanovna, Zhusipova D. and Digel, Ilya and Savitskaya, Irina S. and Zhubanova, Azhar Achmet},
  title     = {Functionalization of Carbon Based Wound Dressings with Antimicrobial Phytoextracts for Bioactive Treatment of Septic Wounds},
  series = {Carbon Nanomaterials in Biomedicine and the Environment},
  booktitle = {Carbon Nanomaterials in Biomedicine and the Environment},
  publisher = {Jenny Stanford Publishing},
  address   = {Singapore},
  isbn      = {978-981-4800-27-3},
  doi       = {10.1201/9780429428647-11},
  pages     = {211 -- 228},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The treatment of septic wounds with curative dressings based on biocomposites containing sage and marigold phytoextracts was effective in in vitro and in vivo experiments. These dressings caused the purification of the wound surface from purulent-necrotic masses three days earlier than in the other experimental groups. The consequence of an increase in incidents of severe course of the wound and the observed tendency to increase the number of adverse effects is the development of long-term recurrent wound processes. To treat purulent wounds, the following tactics were used: The purulent wounds of animals were covered with the examined wound dressing, and then the next day samples were taken, the procedure was performed once in 2 days. To obtain the active nanostructured sorbents such as carbonized rice husks, they are functionalized with biologically active components possessing antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antitoxic, immunomodulating, antiallergic and other types of properties.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ArinkinDigelPorstetal.2014,
  author    = {Arinkin, Vladimir and Digel, Ilya and Porst, Dariusz and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l and Artmann, Gerhard},
  title     = {Phenotyping date palm varieties via leaflet cross-sectional imaging and artificial neural network application},
  series = {BMC bioinformatics},
  volume    = {15},
  journal   = {BMC bioinformatics},
  number    = {55},
  issn      = {1471-2105},
  doi       = {10.1186/1471-2105-15-55},
  pages     = {1 -- 8},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Background True date palms (Phoenix dactylifera L.) are impressive trees and have served as an indispensable source of food for mankind in tropical and subtropical countries for centuries. The aim of this study is to differentiate date palm tree varieties by analysing leaflet cross sections with technical/optical methods and artificial neural networks (ANN). Results Fluorescence microscopy images of leaflet cross sections have been taken from a set of five date palm tree cultivars (Hewlat al Jouf, Khlas, Nabot Soltan, Shishi, Um Raheem). After features extraction from images, the obtained data have been fed in a multilayer perceptron ANN with backpropagation learning algorithm. Conclusions Overall, an accurate result in prediction and differentiation of date palm tree cultivars was achieved with average prediction in tenfold cross-validation is 89.1\% and reached 100\% in one of the best ANN.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ArtmannDigelLinderetal.2008,
  author    = {Artmann, Gerhard and Digel, Ilya and Linder, Peter and Porst, Dariusz},
  title     = {Mechanism of haemoglobin sensing body temperature},
  series = {Tissue Engineering Part A. 14 (2008), H. 5},
  journal   = {Tissue Engineering Part A. 14 (2008), H. 5},
  isbn      = {1937-3341},
  pages     = {754 -- 754},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ArtmannDigelZerlinetal.2009,
  author    = {Artmann, Gerhard and Digel, Ilya and Zerlin, Kay and Maggakis-Kelemen, Christina and Linder, Peter and Porst, Dariusz and Kayser, Peter and Stadler, David and Dikta, Gerhard and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l},
  title     = {Hemoglobin senses body temperature},
  series = {European Biophysics Journal},
  volume    = {38},
  journal   = {European Biophysics Journal},
  number    = {5},
  isbn      = {0175-7571},
  pages     = {589 -- 600},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{ArtmannTemizArtmannZhubanovaetal.2018,
  author    = {Artmann, Gerhard and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l and Zhubanova, Azhar A. and Digel, Ilya},
  title     = {Biological, physical and technical basics of cell engineering},
  editor    = {Artmann, Gerhard and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l and Zhubanova, Azhar A. and Digel, Ilya},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Singapore},
  isbn      = {978-981-10-7903-0},
  pages     = {xxiv, 481 Seiten ; Illustrationen, Diagramme},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ArtmannZerlinDigel2008,
  author    = {Artmann, Gerhard and Zerlin, Kay and Digel, Ilya},
  title     = {Hemoglobin Senses Body Temperature},
  series = {Bioengineering in Cell and Tissue Research / Artmann, Gerhard M. ; Chien, Shu (Eds.)},
  journal   = {Bioengineering in Cell and Tissue Research / Artmann, Gerhard M. ; Chien, Shu (Eds.)},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-540-75408-4},
  pages     = {415 -- 447},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ArtmannZerlinDigeletal.2007,
  author    = {Artmann, Gerhard and Zerlin, Kay and Digel, Ilya and Stadler, Andreas M.},
  title     = {Physical discontinuities at body temperature in human red blood cells / Artmann, GM ; Zerlin, K ; Digel, I ; Stadler, A ; Zaccai, G ; Temiz, AA},
  series = {Tissue Engineering. 13 (2007), H. 7},
  journal   = {Tissue Engineering. 13 (2007), H. 7},
  isbn      = {1076-3279},
  pages     = {1778 -- 1778},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{AzarDigel2019,
  author    = {Azar, Fouad and Digel, Ilya},
  title     = {Utilization of fluorescence spectroscopy and neural networks in clinical analysis},
  series = {3rd YRA MedTech Symposium 2019 : May 24 / 2019 / FH Aachen},
  booktitle = {3rd YRA MedTech Symposium 2019 : May 24 / 2019 / FH Aachen},
  editor    = {Staat, Manfred and Erni, Daniel},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Duisburg-Essen},
  address   = {Duisburg},
  organization    = {MedTech Symposium},
  isbn      = {978-3-940402-22-6},
  doi       = {10.17185/duepublico/48750},
  pages     = {40 -- 41},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Fluorescence topography of human urine in combination with learning algorithms can provide a variant pattern recognition method in analytical clinical chemistry and, eventually, diagnosis.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BassamDigelHescheleretal.2013,
  author    = {Bassam, Rasha and Digel, Ilya and Hescheler, J{\"u}rgen and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l and Artmann, Gerhard},
  title     = {Effects of spermine NONOate and ATP on protein aggregation: light scattering evidences},
  series = {BMC Biophysics},
  journal   = {BMC Biophysics},
  publisher = {BioMed Central},
  address   = {London},
  isbn      = {2046-1682},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/10.1186/2046-1682-6-1},
  pages     = {1 -- 14},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BassamHeschelerTemizArtmannetal.2012,
  author    = {Bassam, Rasha and Hescheler, J{\"u}rgen and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l and Artmann, Gerhard and Digel, Ilya},
  title     = {Effects of spermine NONOate and ATP on the thermal stability of hemoglobin},
  series = {BMC Biophysics},
  volume    = {5},
  journal   = {BMC Biophysics},
  publisher = {BioMed Central},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {2046-1682},
  doi       = {10.1186/2046-1682-5-16},
  pages     = {Art. 16},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Background Minor changes in protein structure induced by small organic and inorganic molecules can result in significant metabolic effects. The effects can be even more profound if the molecular players are chemically active and present in the cell in considerable amounts. The aim of our study was to investigate effects of a nitric oxide donor (spermine NONOate), ATP and sodium/potassium environment on the dynamics of thermal unfolding of human hemoglobin (Hb). The effect of these molecules was examined by means of circular dichroism spectrometry (CD) in the temperature range between 25°C and 70°C. The alpha-helical content of buffered hemoglobin samples (0.1 mg/ml) was estimated via ellipticity change measurements at a heating rate of 1°C/min. Results Major results were: 1) spermine NONOate persistently decreased the hemoglobin unfolding temperature T u irrespectively of the Na + /K + environment, 2) ATP instead increased the unfolding temperature by 3°C in both sodium-based and potassium-based buffers and 3) mutual effects of ATP and NO were strongly influenced by particular buffer ionic compositions. Moreover, the presence of potassium facilitated a partial unfolding of alpha-helical structures even at room temperature. Conclusion The obtained data might shed more light on molecular mechanisms and biophysics involved in the regulation of protein activity by small solutes in the cell.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BayerTemizArtmannDigeletal.2020,
  author    = {Bayer, Robin and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l and Digel, Ilya and Falkenstein, Julia and Artmann, Gerhard and Creutz, Till and Hescheler, J{\"u}rgen},
  title     = {Mechano-pharmacological testing of L-Type Ca²⁺ channel modulators via human vascular celldrum model},
  series = {Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry},
  volume    = {54},
  journal   = {Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry},
  publisher = {Cell Physiol Biochem Press},
  address   = {D{\"u}sseldorf},
  issn      = {1421-9778},
  doi       = {10.33594/000000225},
  pages     = {371 -- 383},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Background/Aims: This study aimed to establish a precise and well-defined working model, assessing pharmaceutical effects on vascular smooth muscle cell monolayer in-vitro. It describes various analysis techniques to determine the most suitable to measure the biomechanical impact of vasoactive agents by using CellDrum technology. Methods: The so-called CellDrum technology was applied to analyse the biomechanical properties of confluent human aorta muscle cells (haSMC) in monolayer. The cell generated tensions deviations in the range of a few N/m² are evaluated by the CellDrum technology. This study focuses on the dilative and contractive effects of L-type Ca²⁺ channel agonists and antagonists, respectively. We analyzed the effects of Bay K8644, nifedipine and verapamil. Three different measurement modes were developed and applied to determine the most appropriate analysis technique for the study purpose. These three operation modes are called, particular time mode" (PTM), "long term mode" (LTM) and "real-time mode" (RTM). Results: It was possible to quantify the biomechanical response of haSMCs to the addition of vasoactive agents using CellDrum technology. Due to the supplementation of 100nM Bay K8644, the tension increased approximately 10.6\% from initial tension maximum, whereas, the treatment with nifedipine and verapamil caused a significant decrease in cellular tension: 10nM nifedipine decreased the biomechanical stress around 6,5\% and 50nM verapamil by 2,8\%, compared to the initial tension maximum. Additionally, all tested measurement modes provide similar results while focusing on different analysis parameters. Conclusion: The CellDrum technology allows highly sensitive biomechanical stress measurements of cultured haSMC monolayers. The mechanical stress responses evoked by the application of vasoactive calcium channel modulators were quantified functionally (N/m²). All tested operation modes resulted in equal findings, whereas each mode features operation-related data analysis.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{BlandfordDachwaldDigeletal.2015,
  author    = {Blandford, Daniel and Dachwald, Bernd and Digel, Ilya and Espe, Clemens and Feldmann, Marco and Francke, Gero and Hiecke, Hannah and Kowalski, Julia and Lindner, Peter and Plescher, Engelbert and Sch{\"o}ngarth, Sarah},
  title     = {Enceladus Explorer : Schlussbericht — Version: 1.0},
  publisher = {FH Aachen},
  address   = {Aachen},
  doi       = {10.2314/GBV:86319950X},
  year      = {2015},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{DachwaldMikuckiTulaczyketal.2014,
  author    = {Dachwald, Bernd and Mikucki, Jill and Tulaczyk, Slawek and Digel, Ilya and Espe, Clemens and Feldmann, Marco and Francke, Gero and Kowalski, Julia and Xu, Changsheng},
  title     = {IceMole : A maneuverable probe for clean in situ analysis and sampling of subsurface ice and subglacial aquatic ecosystems},
  series = {Annals of Glaciology},
  volume    = {55},
  journal   = {Annals of Glaciology},
  number    = {65},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  issn      = {1727-5644},
  doi       = {10.3189/2014AoG65A004},
  pages     = {14 -- 22},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {There is significant interest in sampling subglacial environments for geobiological studies, but they are difficult to access. Existing ice-drilling technologies make it cumbersome to maintain microbiologically clean access for sample acquisition and environmental stewardship of potentially fragile subglacial aquatic ecosystems. The IceMole is a maneuverable subsurface ice probe for clean in situ analysis and sampling of glacial ice and subglacial materials. The design is based on the novel concept of combining melting and mechanical propulsion. It can change melting direction by differential heating of the melting head and optional side-wall heaters. The first two prototypes were successfully tested between 2010 and 2012 on glaciers in Switzerland and Iceland. They demonstrated downward, horizontal and upward melting, as well as curve driving and dirt layer penetration. A more advanced probe is currently under development as part of the Enceladus Explorer (EnEx) project. It offers systems for obstacle avoidance, target detection, and navigation in ice. For the EnEx-IceMole, we will pay particular attention to clean protocols for the sampling of subglacial materials for biogeochemical analysis. We plan to use this probe for clean access into a unique subglacial aquatic environment at Blood Falls, Antarctica, with return of a subglacial brine sample.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{deHondePorstDigel2017,
  author    = {de Honde, Lukas and Porst, Dariusz and Digel, Ilya},
  title     = {A randomized, observational thermographic study of the neck region before and after a physiotherapeutic intervention},
  series = {2nd YRA MedTech Symposium 2017 : June 8th - 9th / 2017 / Hochschule Ruhr-West},
  booktitle = {2nd YRA MedTech Symposium 2017 : June 8th - 9th / 2017 / Hochschule Ruhr-West},
  editor    = {Fischerauer, Alice},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Duisburg-Essen},
  address   = {Duisburg},
  organization    = {MedTech Symposium},
  isbn      = {978-3-9814801-9-1},
  doi       = {10.17185/duepublico/43984},
  pages     = {122 -- 123},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DemirciTrzewikLinderetal.2004,
  author    = {Demirci, T. and Trzewik, J. and Linder, Peter and Digel, Ilya and Artmann, Gerhard and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l},
  title     = {Mechanical Stimulation of 3T3 Fibroblasts Activates Genes: ITGB5 and p53 Responses as Quantified on the mRNA Level},
  series = {Biomedizinische Technik . 49 (2004), H. Erg.-Bd. 2},
  journal   = {Biomedizinische Technik . 49 (2004), H. Erg.-Bd. 2},
  isbn      = {0932-4666},
  pages     = {1030 -- 1031},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DemirciKurulganDemirciTrzewiketal.2009,
  author    = {Demirci, Taylan and Kurulgan Demirci, Eylem and Trzewik, J{\"u}rgen and Linder, Peter and Digel, Ilya and Artmann, Gerhard and Sakizli, Meral and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l},
  title     = {Gene expression profile analysis of 3T3/NIH fibroblasts after one hour mechanical stress},
  series = {IUBMB Life. 61 (2009), H. 3},
  journal   = {IUBMB Life. 61 (2009), H. 3},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  isbn      = {1521-6543},
  pages     = {311 -- 312},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Digel2011,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya},
  title     = {Primary thermosensory events in cells},
  series = {Transient receptor potential channels / Md. Shahidul Islam, ed.},
  journal   = {Transient receptor potential channels / Md. Shahidul Islam, ed.},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Dordrecht [u.a.]},
  isbn      = {978-94-007-0264-6},
  pages     = {451 -- 468},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Digel2008,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya},
  title     = {Controlling microbial adhesion : a surface engineering approach},
  series = {Bioengineering in Cell and Tissue Research / Artmann, Gerhard M. ; Chien, Shu (Eds.)},
  journal   = {Bioengineering in Cell and Tissue Research / Artmann, Gerhard M. ; Chien, Shu (Eds.)},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin [u.a.]},
  isbn      = {978-3-540-75408-4},
  pages     = {601 -- 625},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Digel2010,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya},
  title     = {In-situ biological decontamination of an ice melting probe},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DigelAkimbekovTuralievaetal.2013,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya and Akimbekov, N. and Turalieva, M. and Mansurov, Z. and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l and Eshibaev, A. and Zhubanova, A.},
  title     = {Usage of Carbonized Plant Wastes for Purification of Aqueous Solutions},
  series = {Journal of Industrial Technology and Engineering},
  volume    = {2},
  journal   = {Journal of Industrial Technology and Engineering},
  number    = {07},
  pages     = {47 -- 54},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{DigelAkimbekovKistaubayevaetal.2018,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya and Akimbekov, Nuraly Sh. and Kistaubayeva, Aida and Zhubanova, Azhar A.},
  title     = {Microbial Sampling from Dry Surfaces: Current Challenges and Solutions},
  series = {Biological, Physical and Technical Basics of Cell Engineering},
  booktitle = {Biological, Physical and Technical Basics of Cell Engineering},
  editor    = {Artmann, Gerhard and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l and Zhubanova, Azhar A. and Digel, Ilya},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Singapore},
  isbn      = {978-981-10-7904-7},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-981-10-7904-7_19},
  pages     = {421 -- 456},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Sampling of dry surfaces for microorganisms is a main component of microbiological safety and is of critical importance in many fields including epidemiology, astrobiology as well as numerous branches of medical and food manufacturing. Aspects of biofilm formation, analysis and removal in aqueous solutions have been thoroughly discussed in literature. In contrast, microbial communities on air-exposed (dry) surfaces have received significantly less attention. Diverse surface sampling methods have been developed in order to address various surfaces and microbial groups, but they notoriously show poor repeatability, low recovery rates and suffer from lack of mutual consistency. Quantitative sampling for viable microorganisms represents a particular challenge, especially on porous and irregular surfaces. Therefore, it is essential to examine in depth the factors involved in microorganisms' recovery efficiency and accuracy depending on the sampling technique used. Microbial colonization, retention and community composition on different dry surfaces are very complex and rely on numerous physicochemical and biological factors. This study is devoted to analyze and review the (a) physical phenomena and intermolecular forces relevant for microbiological surface sampling; (b) challenges and problems faced by existing sampling methods for viable microorganisms and (c) current directions of engineering and research aimed at improvement of quality and efficiency of microbiological surface sampling.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DigelDachwaldArtmannetal.2009,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya and Dachwald, Bernd and Artmann, Gerhard and Linder, Peter and Funke, O.},
  title     = {A concept of a probe for particle analysis and life detection in icy environments},
  pages     = {1 -- 24},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DigelDemirciTemizArtmannetal.2004,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya and Demirci, Taylan and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l and Nishikawa, K.},
  title     = {Free Radical Nature of the Bactericidal Effect of Plasma-Generated Cluster Ions (PCIs)},
  series = {Biomedizinische Technik. 49 (2004), H. Erg.-Bd. 2},
  journal   = {Biomedizinische Technik. 49 (2004), H. Erg.-Bd. 2},
  isbn      = {0932-4666},
  pages     = {982 -- 983},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{DigelKayser2017,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya and Kayser, Peter},
  title     = {VirEx - Eliminierung von Quarant{\"a}ne relevanten Viroiden aus Kulturpflanzen Abschlussbericht des Projektes KMU-innovativ-12: Teilprojekt 3},
  publisher = {Institut f{\"u}r Bioengineering (IfB) der FH Aachen},
  address   = {Aachen},
  doi       = {10.2314/GBV:1012136345},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{DigelKayserArtmann2008,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya and Kayser, Peter and Artmann, Gerhard},
  title     = {Molecular processes in biological thermosensation},
  series = {Journal of Biophysics. 2008 (2008)},
  journal   = {Journal of Biophysics. 2008 (2008)},
  isbn      = {1687-8000},
  pages     = {1 -- 9},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DigelKernGeenenetal.2020,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya and Kern, Inna and Geenen, Eva-Maria and Akimbekov, Nuraly},
  title     = {Dental plaque removal by ultrasonic toothbrushes},
  series = {dentistry journal},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {dentistry journal},
  number    = {28},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2304-6767},
  doi       = {10.3390/dj8010028},
  pages     = {1 -- 13},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {With the variety of toothbrushes on the market, the question arises, which toothbrush is best suited to maintain oral health? This thematic review focuses first on plaque formation mechanisms and then on the plaque removal effectiveness of ultrasonic toothbrushes and their potential in preventing oral diseases like periodontitis, gingivitis, and caries. We overviewed the physical effects that occurred during brushing and tried to address the question of whether ultrasonic toothbrushes effectively reduced the microbial burden by increasing the hydrodynamic forces. The results of published studies show that electric toothbrushes, which combine ultrasonic and sonic (or acoustic and mechanic) actions, may have the most promising effect on good oral health. Existing ultrasonic/sonic toothbrush models do not significantly differ regarding the removal of dental biofilm and the reduction of gingival inflammation compared with other electrically powered toothbrushes, whereas the manual toothbrushes show a lower effectiveness.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DigelKurulganDemirciLinderetal.2007,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya and Kurulgan Demirci, Eylem and Linder, Peter and Kayser, Peter},
  title     = {Decrease in extracellular collagen crosslinking after NMR magnetic field application in skin fibroblasts},
  series = {Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing. 45 (2007), H. 1},
  journal   = {Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing. 45 (2007), H. 1},
  isbn      = {1741-0444},
  pages     = {91 -- 97},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DigelMaggakisKelemenZerlinetal.2006,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya and Maggakis-Kelemen, Christina and Zerlin, Kay and Linder, Peter},
  title     = {Body temperature-related structural transitions of monotremal and human hemoglobin},
  series = {Biophysical Journal. 91 (2006), H. 8},
  journal   = {Biophysical Journal. 91 (2006), H. 8},
  isbn      = {1542-0086},
  pages     = {3014 -- 3021},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{DigelMansurovBiisenbaevetal.2012,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya and Mansurov, Zulkhair and Biisenbaev, Makhmut and Savitskaya, Irina and Kistaubaeva, Aida and Akimbekov, Nuraly and Zhubanova, Azhar},
  title     = {Heterogeneous Composites on the Basis of Microbial Cells and Nanostructured Carbonized Sorbents},
  series = {Composites and Their Applications},
  booktitle = {Composites and Their Applications},
  editor    = {Hu, Ning},
  publisher = {Intech},
  address   = {London},
  isbn      = {978-953-51-0706-4},
  doi       = {10.5772/47796},
  pages     = {249 -- 272},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {The fact that microorganisms prefer to grow on liquid/solid phase surfaces rather than in the surrounding aqueous phase was noticed long time ago [1]. Virtually any surface - animal, mineral, or vegetable - is a subject for microbial colonization and subsequent biofilm formation. It would be adequate to name just a few notorious examples on microbial colonization of contact lenses, ship hulls, petroleum pipelines, rocks in streams and all kinds of biomedical implants. The propensity of microorganisms to become surface-bound is so profound and ubiquitous that it vindicates the advantages for attached forms over their free-ranging counterparts [2]. Indeed, from ecological and evolutionary standpoints, for many microorganisms the surface-bound state means dwelling in nutritionally favorable, non-hostile environments [3]. Therefore, in most of natural and artificial ecosystems surface-associated microorganisms vastly outnumber organisms in suspension and often organize into complex communities with features that differ dramatically from those of free cells [4].},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{DigelSadykovTemizArtmannetal.2015,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya and Sadykov, R. and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l and Artmann, Gerhard},
  title     = {Changes in intestinal microflora in rats induced by oral exposure to low lead (II) concentrations},
  series = {Lead Exposure and Poisoning: Clinical Symptoms, Medical Management and Preventive Strategies},
  booktitle = {Lead Exposure and Poisoning: Clinical Symptoms, Medical Management and Preventive Strategies},
  publisher = {Nova Science Publ.},
  isbn      = {9781634826990},
  pages     = {75 -- 99},
  year      = {2015},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DigelTemizArtmann2011,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l},
  title     = {The emperor's new body : seeking for a blueprint of limb regeneration in humans},
  series = {Stem cell engineering : principles and applications / Gerhard M. Artmann ... eds.},
  journal   = {Stem cell engineering : principles and applications / Gerhard M. Artmann ... eds.},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin [u.a.]},
  isbn      = {978-3-642-11864-7},
  pages     = {3 -- 37},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DigelTemizArtmannNishikawaetal.2004,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l and Nishikawa, K. and Artmann, Gerhard},
  title     = {Cluster air-ion effects on bacteria and moulds},
  series = {Biomedizinische Technik. 49 (2004), H. Erg.-Bd. 2},
  journal   = {Biomedizinische Technik. 49 (2004), H. Erg.-Bd. 2},
  isbn      = {0932-4666},
  pages     = {1040 -- 1041},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DigelTemizArtmannNishikawaetal.2005,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l and Nishikawa, K. and Cook, M.},
  title     = {Bactericidal effects of plasma-generated cluster ions},
  series = {Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing. 43 (2005), H. 6},
  journal   = {Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing. 43 (2005), H. 6},
  isbn      = {1741-0444},
  pages     = {800 -- 807},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DigelTrzewikDemircietal.2004,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya and Trzewik, J{\"u}rgen and Demirci, Taylan and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l},
  title     = {Response of fibroblasts to cyclic mechanical stress : a proteome approach / Digel, I. ; Trzewik, J. ; Demirci, T. ; Temiz Artmann, A. ; Artmann, G. M.},
  series = {Biomedizinische Technik. 49 (2004), H. Erg.-Bd. 2},
  journal   = {Biomedizinische Technik. 49 (2004), H. Erg.-Bd. 2},
  isbn      = {0932-4666},
  pages     = {1042 -- 1043},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DigelWehlitzKayseretal.2018,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya and Wehlitz, V. and Kayser, Peter and Figiel-Lange, A. and Bassam, R. and Rundstedt, F. von},
  title     = {Suspension depletion approach for exemption of infected Solanum jasminoides cells from pospiviroids},
  series = {Plant Pathology},
  volume    = {67},
  journal   = {Plant Pathology},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {1365-3059},
  doi       = {10.1111/ppa.12750},
  pages     = {358 -- 365},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Despite numerous studies, viroid elimination from infected plants remains a very challenging task. This study introduces for the first time a novel 'suspension depletion' approach for exemption of Solanum jasminoides plants from viroids. The proposed method implies initial establishment of suspension cultures of the infected plant cells. The suspended cells were then physically treated (mild thermotherapy, 33 °C), which presumably delayed the replication of the viroid. The viroid concentration in the treated biomass was monitored weekly using pospiviroid-specific PCR. After 10-12 weeks of continuous treatment, a sufficient decrease in viroid concentration was observed such that the infection became undetectable by PCR. The treated single cells then gave rise to microcolonies on a solid culture medium and the obtained viroid-negative clones were further promoted to regenerate into viroid-free plants. Three years of accumulated experimental data suggests feasibility, broad applicability, and good efficacy of the proposed approach.},
  language  = {en}
}