@article{KernKaiser1995,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Kaiser, Ludwig},
  title     = {Auswirkungen des EMVG auf leittechnische Einrichtungen in großfl{\"a}chigen Industrieanlagen / von Ludwig Kaiser ; Alexander Kern},
  series = {ETZ : Elektrotechnik + Automation. 116 (1995), H. 9},
  journal   = {ETZ : Elektrotechnik + Automation. 116 (1995), H. 9},
  isbn      = {0170-1711},
  pages     = {16 -- 18},
  year      = {1995},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KernHeidlerZischanketal.2002,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Heidler, Fridolin and Zischank, Wolfgang J. and Frentzel, Ralf},
  title     = {Lightning current distribution and coupling to control cables in power plants or large industrial facilites},
  year      = {2002},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KernHeidlerZahlmannetal.1993,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Heidler, Fridolin and Zahlmann, P. and Zischank, Wolfgang J.},
  title     = {Blitzschutz},
  series = {ETZ : Elektrotechnik + Automation. 114 (1993), H. 2},
  journal   = {ETZ : Elektrotechnik + Automation. 114 (1993), H. 2},
  isbn      = {0170-1711},
  year      = {1993},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KernHeidlerZischank1998,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Heidler, F. and Zischank, W.},
  title     = {Induced overvoltages in cable ducts taking into account the current flow into earth / F. Heidler ; W. Zischank ... A. Kern ...},
  series = {Conference proceedings : 14th - 18th September 1998, [Burlington Hotel, Birmingham, United Kingdom] / organised by: School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Staffordshire University, United Kingdom},
  journal   = {Conference proceedings : 14th - 18th September 1998, [Burlington Hotel, Birmingham, United Kingdom] / organised by: School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Staffordshire University, United Kingdom},
  address   = {Birmingham},
  year      = {1998},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KernHasseWiesingeretal.1991,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Hasse, P. and Wiesinger, J. and Zischank, Wolfgang J.},
  title     = {Aktuelles aus der Blitzforschung},
  series = {ETZ : Elektrotechnik + Automation. 112 (1991), H. 1},
  journal   = {ETZ : Elektrotechnik + Automation. 112 (1991), H. 1},
  isbn      = {0170-1711},
  year      = {1991},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KernFrentzelBehrens2010,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Frentzel, Ralf and Behrens, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Simulation of the transient voltages in the auxiliary power network of a large power plant in case of a direct lightning strike to the high-voltage overhead transmission line},
  pages     = {749-1 -- 749-7},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KernDrumm1994,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Drumm, F.},
  title     = {Survey of the lightning threat for aircraft based on natural lightning data and fixed in the German Standard DIN VG 95371 / Part 10},
  series = {Proceedings of the 1994 International Aerospace and Ground Conference on Lightning and Static Electricity : May 14 - 27, 1994, Bundesakademie f{\"u}r Wehrverwaltung und Wehrtechnik Mannheim ; final report / [conference chairman Jan Luiken TerHaseborg]},
  journal   = {Proceedings of the 1994 International Aerospace and Ground Conference on Lightning and Static Electricity : May 14 - 27, 1994, Bundesakademie f{\"u}r Wehrverwaltung und Wehrtechnik Mannheim ; final report / [conference chairman Jan Luiken TerHaseborg]},
  publisher = {Bundesakad. f{\"u}r Wehrverwaltung und Wehrtechnik},
  address   = {Mannheim},
  pages     = {IX, 492 S : Ill., graph. Darst},
  year      = {1994},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KernDiktaKrichel2007,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Dikta, Gerhard and Krichel, Frank},
  title     = {Zur Wahrscheinlichkeit f{\"u}r Sch{\"a}den an elektrischen und elektronischen Einrichtungen durch indirekte Blitzeinschl{\"a}ge - Auswertung von Schadensstatistiken, analytischen und numerischen Berechnungen},
  series = {7. VDE-ABB-Blitzschutztagung : Vortr{\"a}ge der VDE-ABB-Fachtagung vom 15. bis 16. November 2007 in Neu-Ulm / Veranst.: Ausschuss f{\"u}r Blitzschutz und Blitzforschung (ABB) im VDE, Verband der Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Informationstechnik e.V. Wiss. Tagungsltg.: K. Stimper},
  journal   = {7. VDE-ABB-Blitzschutztagung : Vortr{\"a}ge der VDE-ABB-Fachtagung vom 15. bis 16. November 2007 in Neu-Ulm / Veranst.: Ausschuss f{\"u}r Blitzschutz und Blitzforschung (ABB) im VDE, Verband der Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Informationstechnik e.V. Wiss. Tagungsltg.: K. Stimper},
  publisher = {VDE-Verl.},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-8007-3062-9},
  pages     = {1 -- 9},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KernDikta2008,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Dikta, Gerhard},
  title     = {Bewerten von Sch{\"a}den durch Blitzeinwirkungen},
  series = {Elektropraktiker. 62 (2008), H. 4},
  journal   = {Elektropraktiker. 62 (2008), H. 4},
  isbn      = {0013-5569},
  pages     = {338 -- 342},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KernBraun2013,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Braun, Christian},
  title     = {Neuerungen bei der Blitzschutznorm. Teil 2},
  series = {etz Elektrotechnik und Automation},
  volume    = {Bd. 134},
  journal   = {etz Elektrotechnik und Automation},
  number    = {H. 8},
  publisher = {VDE-Verlag},
  address   = {Wuppertal},
  issn      = {0170-1711},
  pages     = {66 -- 69},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KernBeierlZischank2009,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Beierl, O. and Zischank, W.},
  title     = {DIN EN 62 305-3 - Berechnung des Trennungsabstands (Anmerkungen zur Anwendung der Berechnungsverfahren und vereinfachte Verfahren zur Absch{\"a}tzung der Stromaufteilung) / Kern, A. ; Beierl, O. ; Zischank, W.},
  series = {Elektropraktiker. 63 (2009), H. 3},
  journal   = {Elektropraktiker. 63 (2009), H. 3},
  publisher = {HUSS-MEDIEN GmbH},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {0013-5569},
  pages     = {218 -- 222},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Kern1991,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Simulation and measurement of melting effects on metal sheets caused by direct lightning strikes},
  series = {1991 International Aerospace and Ground Conference on Lightning and Static Electricity : proceedings of a conference ... held at Cocoa Beach, Florida, April 16-19, 1991 / NASA},
  journal   = {1991 International Aerospace and Ground Conference on Lightning and Static Electricity : proceedings of a conference ... held at Cocoa Beach, Florida, April 16-19, 1991 / NASA},
  address   = {Washington, DC},
  year      = {1991},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Kern1990,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {The heating of metal sheets caused by direct lightning strikes-model and measurement},
  series = {20th ICPL / International Conference on Lightning Protection, Congress-Center Casino Interlaken, Switzerland, September 24-28, 1990 = Internationale Blitzschutzkonferenz, Congress-Center Casino Interlaken, Schweiz, 24.-28. September 1990},
  journal   = {20th ICPL / International Conference on Lightning Protection, Congress-Center Casino Interlaken, Switzerland, September 24-28, 1990 = Internationale Blitzschutzkonferenz, Congress-Center Casino Interlaken, Schweiz, 24.-28. September 1990},
  publisher = {Schweizerischer Elektrotechnischer Verein},
  address   = {[Z{\"u}rich]},
  pages     = {[522] S. (getr. Z{\"a}hl.) : Ill.},
  year      = {1990},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Kern1998,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Beispiele f{\"u}r EMV-Maßnahmen in großfl{\"a}chigen Anlagen},
  series = {EMV von Geb{\"a}uden, Anlagen und Ger{\"a}ten : praktische Umsetzung der technischen, wirtschaftlichen und gesetzlichen Anforderungen f{\"u}r die CE-Kennzeichnung / Anton Kohling (Hrsg.). Gerd Balzer...},
  journal   = {EMV von Geb{\"a}uden, Anlagen und Ger{\"a}ten : praktische Umsetzung der technischen, wirtschaftlichen und gesetzlichen Anforderungen f{\"u}r die CE-Kennzeichnung / Anton Kohling (Hrsg.). Gerd Balzer...},
  publisher = {VDE-Verl.},
  address   = {Berlin [u.a.]},
  isbn      = {3-8007-2261-5},
  pages     = {408 S. : Ill., zahlr. graph. Darst.},
  year      = {1998},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Kern1989,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Time dependent temperature distribution in metal sheets caused by direct lightning strikes},
  series = {Proceedings / Sixth International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering : 28. August - 1. September, 1989, Westin Canal Place Hotel, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA},
  journal   = {Proceedings / Sixth International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering : 28. August - 1. September, 1989, Westin Canal Place Hotel, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA},
  publisher = {Mississippi State University},
  address   = {Mississippi State, Miss.},
  year      = {1989},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Kern1993,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Physik der Blitzentladung und Blitzstrom-Parameter bei nat{\"u}rlichen Blitzen},
  year      = {1993},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Kern1995,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Blitz-St{\"o}rschutz als Maßnahme der EMV am Beispiel einer ausgedehnten Industrieanlage},
  year      = {1995},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Kern1996,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Blitz-Schutzzonen mit Schirmungen und Schnittstellen},
  series = {Blitzschutz f{\"u}r Geb{\"a}ude und elektrische Anlagen : Vortr{\"a}ge der VDE/ABB-Fachtagung am 29. Februar und 1. M{\"a}rz 1996 in Kassel / Veranst.: Ausschuß Blitzschutz und Blitzforschung (ABB) im VDE-Verband Dt. Elektrotechniker e.V. Wiss. Tagungsleit.: F. Noack. - (Verband Deutscher Elektrotechniker: VDE-Fachbericht ; 49)},
  journal   = {Blitzschutz f{\"u}r Geb{\"a}ude und elektrische Anlagen : Vortr{\"a}ge der VDE/ABB-Fachtagung am 29. Februar und 1. M{\"a}rz 1996 in Kassel / Veranst.: Ausschuß Blitzschutz und Blitzforschung (ABB) im VDE-Verband Dt. Elektrotechniker e.V. Wiss. Tagungsleit.: F. Noack. - (Verband Deutscher Elektrotechniker: VDE-Fachbericht ; 49)},
  publisher = {VDE-Verl.},
  address   = {Berlin [u.a.]},
  isbn      = {3-8007-2161-9},
  pages     = {239 S. : graph. Darst.},
  year      = {1996},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Kern1998,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Ert{\"u}chtigung des Blitzschutzsystems f{\"u}r ein B{\"u}rogeb{\"a}ude auf der Basis von VDE V 0185 Teil 100 (ENV 61024-1) und VDE 0185 Teil 103 (IEC 1312-1)},
  year      = {1998},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Kern2000,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Aktueller Stand zu Risikoabsch{\"a}tzungen bei Blitzeinschl{\"a}gen - Was ist neu in der IEC 61662 Edition 2?},
  year      = {2000},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Kern2007,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Neue deutsche Blitzschutz-Normung. Reihe DIN EN 62305 / VDE 01 85-305-x:2006},
  series = {Der Eisenbahningenieur. 58 (2007), H. 8},
  journal   = {Der Eisenbahningenieur. 58 (2007), H. 8},
  isbn      = {0013-2810},
  pages     = {18 -- 22},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Kern2006,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Die neuen Blitzschutznormen der Reihe DIN EN 62305 (VDE 0185-305-x)},
  series = {ETZ : Elektrotechnik + Automation. 2006 (2006), H. 2},
  journal   = {ETZ : Elektrotechnik + Automation. 2006 (2006), H. 2},
  isbn      = {0170-1711},
  pages     = {42 -- 45},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Kern2009,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {{\"U}berarbeitung der Blitzschutznorm IEC 62305},
  series = {Elektropraktiker. 63 (2009), H. 4},
  journal   = {Elektropraktiker. 63 (2009), H. 4},
  isbn      = {0013-5569},
  pages     = {391 -- 394},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Kern2016,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Blitz- und {\"U}berspannungsschutz von Kernkraftwerken - Nachweisf{\"u}hrung der ausreichenden Sicherheit f{\"u}r leittechnische Einrichtungen auch bei Blitzeinschl{\"a}gen mit extremen Parametern},
  series = {Atw. International Journal for Nuclear Power},
  volume    = {61},
  journal   = {Atw. International Journal for Nuclear Power},
  number    = {8/9},
  publisher = {Inforum},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {1431-5254},
  pages     = {534 -- 543},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {F{\"u}r das Auftreten extremer Wetterereignisse werden f{\"u}r Kernkraftwerke Eintrittsh{\"a}ufigkeiten f{\"u}r nicht mehr beherrschbare Zust{\"a}nde von unter 10⁻⁴/a gefordert. Dies gilt auch f{\"u}r die Einwirkung von Blitzeinschl{\"a}gen. Die bisherige Nachweisf{\"u}hrung zu Blitz- und {\"U}berspannungsschutz eines KKW in Deutschland ist deterministisch. In diesem Bericht werden das Vorgehen f{\"u}r einen entsprechenden Nachweis f{\"u}r leittechnische Einrichtungen der Sicherheitstechnik von KKW, der zur geforderten Zielgr{\"o}ße der Eintrittsh{\"a}ufigkeit f{\"u}hrt. Die Ergebnisse werden zusammenfassend bewertet.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KemptFreyerNagel2022,
  author    = {Kempt, Hendrik and Freyer, Nils and Nagel, Saskia K.},
  title     = {Justice and the normative standards of explainability in healthcare},
  series = {Philosophy \& Technology},
  volume    = {35},
  journal   = {Philosophy \& Technology},
  number    = {Article number: 100},
  publisher = {Springer Nature},
  address   = {Berlin},
  doi       = {10.1007/s13347-022-00598-0},
  pages     = {1 -- 19},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Providing healthcare services frequently involves cognitively demanding tasks, including diagnoses and analyses as well as complex decisions about treatments and therapy. From a global perspective, ethically significant inequalities exist between regions where the expert knowledge required for these tasks is scarce or abundant. One possible strategy to diminish such inequalities and increase healthcare opportunities in expert-scarce settings is to provide healthcare solutions involving digital technologies that do not necessarily require the presence of a human expert, e.g., in the form of artificial intelligent decision-support systems (AI-DSS). Such algorithmic decision-making, however, is mostly developed in resource- and expert-abundant settings to support healthcare experts in their work. As a practical consequence, the normative standards and requirements for such algorithmic decision-making in healthcare require the technology to be at least as explainable as the decisions made by the experts themselves. The goal of providing healthcare in settings where resources and expertise are scarce might come with a normative pull to lower the normative standards of using digital technologies in order to provide at least some healthcare in the first place. We scrutinize this tendency to lower standards in particular settings from a normative perspective, distinguish between different types of absolute and relative, local and global standards of explainability, and conclude by defending an ambitious and practicable standard of local relative explainability.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KellnerLind2006,
  author    = {Kellner, Katja and Lind, Thorsten Patric},
  title     = {Zur Verj{\"a}hrung des Anspruchs aus \S 32b GmbHG},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r das gesamte Insolvenzrecht : ZInsO},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r das gesamte Insolvenzrecht : ZInsO},
  number    = {H. 8},
  issn      = {1615-8032},
  pages     = {413 -- 414},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KellerRathBruckmannetal.2020,
  author    = {Keller, Johannes and Rath, Volker and Bruckmann, Johanna and Mottaghy, Darius and Clauser, Christoph and Wolf, Andreas and Seidler, Ralf and B{\"u}cker, H. Martin and Klitzsch, Norbert},
  title     = {SHEMAT-Suite: An open-source code for simulating flow, heat and species transport in porous media},
  series = {SoftwareX},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {SoftwareX},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {2352-7110},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.softx.2020.100533},
  pages     = {9},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {SHEMAT-Suite is a finite-difference open-source code for simulating coupled flow, heat and species transport in porous media. The code, written in Fortran-95, originates from geoscientific research in the fields of geothermics and hydrogeology. It comprises: (1) a versatile handling of input and output, (2) a modular framework for subsurface parameter modeling, (3) a multi-level OpenMP parallelization, (4) parameter estimation and data assimilation by stochastic approaches (Monte Carlo, Ensemble Kalman filter) and by deterministic Bayesian approaches based on automatic differentiation for calculating exact (truncation error-free) derivatives of the forward code.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KearneyKellyHerrmannetal.2002,
  author    = {Kearney, David W. and Kelly, Bruce and Herrmann, Ulf and Cable, R. and Pacheco, J. and Mahoney, R. and Price, Henry and Blake, D. and Nava, P. and Potrovitza, N.},
  title     = {Engineering Aspects of a Molten Salt Heat Transfer Fluid in a Trough Solar Field},
  series = {Energy : the international journal},
  volume    = {29},
  journal   = {Energy : the international journal},
  number    = {5-6 (Special Issue SolarPaces)},
  issn      = {0360-5442},
  doi       = {10.1016/S0360-5442(03)00191-9},
  pages     = {861 -- 870},
  year      = {2002},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KearneyHerrmannNavaetal.2003,
  author    = {Kearney, D. and Herrmann, Ulf and Nava, P. and Kelly, B. and Mahoney, R. and Pacheco, J. and Cable, R. and Potrovitza, N. and Blake, D. and Price, H.},
  title     = {Assessment of a Molten Salt Heat Transfer Fluid in a Parabolic Trough Solar Field},
  series = {Journal of Solar Energy Engineering},
  volume    = {125},
  journal   = {Journal of Solar Energy Engineering},
  number    = {2},
  issn      = {1528-8986},
  doi       = {10.1115/1.1565087},
  pages     = {170 -- 176},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KaulKoshkaryevArtmannetal.2008,
  author    = {Kaul, D. K. and Koshkaryev, A. and Artmann, Gerhard and Barshtein, G. and Yedgar, S.},
  title     = {Additive effect of red blood cell rigidity and adherence to endothelial cells in inducing vascular resistance},
  series = {American Journal of Physiology : Heart and Circulation Physiology . 295 (2008), H. 4},
  volume    = {295},
  journal   = {American Journal of Physiology : Heart and Circulation Physiology . 295 (2008), H. 4},
  number    = {4},
  issn      = {1522-1539},
  pages     = {H1788 -- H1793},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KatzPoghossianSchoening2017,
  author    = {Katz, Evgeny and Poghossian, Arshak and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Enzyme-based logic gates and circuits - analytical applications and interfacing with electronics},
  series = {Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry},
  volume    = {409},
  journal   = {Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {1618-2650},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00216-016-0079-7},
  pages     = {81 -- 94},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {The paper is an overview of enzyme-based logic gates and their short circuits, with specific examples of Boolean AND and OR gates, and concatenated logic gates composed of multi-step enzyme-biocatalyzed reactions. Noise formation in the biocatalytic reactions and its decrease by adding a "filter" system, converting convex to sigmoid response function, are discussed. Despite the fact that the enzyme-based logic gates are primarily considered as components of future biomolecular computing systems, their biosensing applications are promising for immediate practical use. Analytical use of the enzyme logic systems in biomedical and forensic applications is discussed and exemplified with the logic analysis of biomarkers of various injuries, e.g., liver injury, and with analysis of biomarkers characteristic of different ethnicity found in blood samples on a crime scene. Interfacing of enzyme logic systems with modified electrodes and semiconductor devices is discussed, giving particular attention to the interfaces functionalized with signal-responsive materials. Future perspectives in the design of the biomolecular logic systems and their applications are discussed in the conclusion.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KassabHanPoghossianetal.2004,
  author    = {Kassab, T. and Han, Y. and Poghossian, Arshak and Ingebrandt, S. and Offenh{\"a}usser, A. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Detection of layerby-layer adsorbed polyelectrolytes by means of field-effect based capacitive EIS structures},
  series = {Biomedizinische Technik. 49 (2004), H. 2},
  journal   = {Biomedizinische Technik. 49 (2004), H. 2},
  isbn      = {0932-4666},
  pages     = {1034 -- 1035},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KaschSchmidtJahnetal.2021,
  author    = {Kasch, Susanne and Schmidt, Thomas and Jahn, Simon and Eichler, Fabian and Thurn, Laura and Bremen, Sebastian},
  title     = {L{\"o}sungsans{\"a}tze und Verfahrenskonzepte zum Laserstrahlschmelzen von Glas},
  series = {Schweissen und Schneiden},
  volume    = {73},
  journal   = {Schweissen und Schneiden},
  number    = {Heft 1-2},
  publisher = {DVS Verlag},
  address   = {D{\"u}sseldorf},
  isbn      = {0036-7184},
  pages     = {32 -- 39},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KarschuckPoghossianSeretal.2024,
  author    = {Karschuck, Tobias and Poghossian, Arshak and Ser, Joey and Tsokolakyan, Astghik and Achtsnicht, Stefan and Wagner, Patrick and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Capacitive model of enzyme-modified field-effect biosensors: Impact of enzyme coverage},
  series = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical},
  volume    = {408},
  journal   = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0925-4005 (Print)},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.snb.2024.135530},
  pages     = {12 Seiten},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor capacitors (EISCAP) belong to field-effect sensors having an attractive transducer architecture for constructing various biochemical sensors. In this study, a capacitive model of enzyme-modified EISCAPs has been developed and the impact of the surface coverage of immobilized enzymes on its capacitance-voltage and constant-capacitance characteristics was studied theoretically and experimentally. The used multicell arrangement enables a multiplexed electrochemical characterization of up to sixteen EISCAPs. Different enzyme coverages have been achieved by means of parallel electrical connection of bare and enzyme-covered single EISCAPs in diverse combinations. As predicted by the model, with increasing the enzyme coverage, both the shift of capacitance-voltage curves and the amplitude of the constant-capacitance signal increase, resulting in an enhancement of analyte sensitivity of the EISCAP biosensor. In addition, the capability of the multicell arrangement with multi-enzyme covered EISCAPs for sequentially detecting multianalytes (penicillin and urea) utilizing the enzymes penicillinase and urease has been experimentally demonstrated and discussed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KarschuckKaulenPoghossianetal.2021,
  author    = {Karschuck, Tobias and Kaulen, Corinna and Poghossian, Arshak and Wagner, Patrick H. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Gold nanoparticle-modified capacitive field-effect sensors: Studying the surface density of nanoparticles and coupling of charged polyelectrolyte macromolecules},
  series = {Electrochemical Science Advances},
  volume    = {2},
  journal   = {Electrochemical Science Advances},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {0938-5193},
  doi       = {10.1002/elsa.202100179},
  pages     = {10 Seiten},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The coupling of ligand-stabilized gold nanoparticles with field-effect devices offers new possibilities for label-free biosensing. In this work, we study the immobilization of aminooctanethiol-stabilized gold nanoparticles (AuAOTs) on the silicon dioxide surface of a capacitive field-effect sensor. The terminal amino group of the AuAOT is well suited for the functionalization with biomolecules. The attachment of the positively-charged AuAOTs on a capacitive field-effect sensor was detected by direct electrical readout using capacitance-voltage and constant capacitance measurements. With a higher particle density on the sensor surface, the measured signal change was correspondingly more pronounced. The results demonstrate the ability of capacitive field-effect sensors for the non-destructive quantitative validation of nanoparticle immobilization. In addition, the electrostatic binding of the polyanion polystyrene sulfonate to the AuAOT-modified sensor surface was studied as a model system for the label-free detection of charged macromolecules. Most likely, this approach can be transferred to the label-free detection of other charged molecules such as enzymes or antibodies.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KarschuckFilipovBollellaetal.2019,
  author    = {Karschuck, T. L. and Filipov, Y. and Bollella, P. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Katz, E.},
  title     = {Not-XOR (NXOR) logic gate based on an enzyme-catalyzed reaction},
  series = {International Journal of Unconventional Computing},
  volume    = {14},
  journal   = {International Journal of Unconventional Computing},
  number    = {3-4},
  publisher = {Old City Publishing},
  address   = {Philadelphia},
  issn      = {1548-7199},
  pages     = {235 -- 242},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Enzyme-catalyzed reactions have been designed to mimic various Boolean logic gates in the general framework of unconventional biomolecular computing. While some of the logic gates, particularly OR, AND, are easy to realize with biocatalytic reactions and have been reported in numerous publications, some other, like NXOR, are very challenging and have not been realized yet with enzyme reactions. The paper reports on a novel approach to mimicking the NXOR logic gate using the bell-shaped enzyme activity dependent on pH values. Shifting pH from the optimum value to the acidic or basic values by using acid or base inputs (meaning 1,0 and 0,1 inputs) inhibits the enzyme reaction, while keeping the optimum pH (assuming 0,0 and 1,1 input combinations) preserves a high enzyme activity. The challenging part of the present approach is the selection of an enzyme with a well-demonstrated bell-shape activity dependence on the pH value. While many enzymes can satisfy this condition, we selected pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)-dependent glucose dehydrogenase as this enzyme has the optimum pH center-located on the pH scale allowing the enzyme activity change by the acidic and basic pH shift from the optimum value corresponding to the highest activity. The present NXOR gate is added to the biomolecular "toolbox" as a new example of Boolean logic gates based on enzyme reactions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KarnatakKantzBialonski2017,
  author    = {Karnatak, Rajat and Kantz, Holger and Bialonski, Stephan},
  title     = {Early warning signal for interior crises in excitable systems},
  series = {Physical Review E},
  volume    = {96},
  journal   = {Physical Review E},
  number    = {4},
  issn      = {2470-0053},
  doi       = {10.1103/PhysRevE.96.042211},
  pages     = {042211},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KaramanidisAlbrachtBraunsteinetal.2011,
  author    = {Karamanidis, Kiros and Albracht, Kirsten and Braunstein, Bjoern and Catala, Maria Moreno and Goldmann, Jan-Peter and Br{\"u}ggemann, Gert-Peter},
  title     = {Lower leg musculoskeletal geometry and sprint performance},
  series = {Gait and Posture},
  volume    = {34},
  journal   = {Gait and Posture},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0966-6362},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.03.009},
  pages     = {138 -- 141},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {The purpose of this study was to investigate whether sprint performance is related to lower leg musculoskeletal geometry within a homogeneous group of highly trained 100-m sprinters. Using a cluster analysis, eighteen male sprinters were divided into two groups based on their personal best (fast: N = 11, 10.30 ± 0.07 s; slow: N = 7, 10.70 ± 0.08 s). Calf muscular fascicle arrangement and Achilles tendon moment arms (calculated by the gradient of tendon excursion versus ankle joint angle) were analyzed for each athlete using ultrasonography. Achilles tendon moment arm, foot and ankle skeletal geometry, fascicle arrangement as well as the ratio of fascicle length to Achilles tendon moment arm showed no significant (p > 0.05) correlation with sprint performance, nor were there any differences in the analyzed musculoskeletal parameters between the fast and slow sprinter group. Our findings provide evidence that differences in sprint ability in world-class athletes are not a result of differences in the geometrical design of the lower leg even when considering both skeletal and muscular components.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KappmeyerKotliarLanzl2009,
  author    = {Kappmeyer, K. and Kotliar, Konstantin and Lanzl, I. M.},
  title     = {Spielen von Blasinstrumenten und Augeninnendruck},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r praktische Augenheilkunde \& augen{\"a}rztliche Fortbildung : ZPA},
  volume    = {Bd. 30},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r praktische Augenheilkunde \& augen{\"a}rztliche Fortbildung : ZPA},
  issn      = {1436-0322},
  pages     = {169 -- 171},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KapplerTanudyayaSchmittTippkoetteretal.2007,
  author    = {Kappler-Tanudyaya, Nathalie and Schmitt, Heike and Tippk{\"o}tter, Nils and Meyer, Lina and Lenzen, Sigurd and Ulber, Roland},
  title     = {Combination of biotransformation and chromatography for the isolation and purification of mannoheptulose},
  series = {Biotechnology Journal},
  volume    = {2},
  journal   = {Biotechnology Journal},
  number    = {6},
  issn      = {1860-7314},
  doi       = {10.1002/biot.200700004},
  pages     = {692 -- 699},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {Mannoheptulose is a seven-carbon sugar. It is an inhibitor of glucose-induced insulin secretion due to its ability to selectively inhibit the enzyme glucokinase. An improved procedure for mannoheptulose isolation from avocados is described in this study (based upon the original method by La Forge). The study focuses on the combination of biotransformation and downstream processing (preparative chromatography) as an efficient method to produce a pure extract of mannoheptulose. The experiments were divided into two major phases. In the first phase, several methods and parameters were compared to optimize the mannoheptulose extraction with respect to efficiency and purity. In the second phase, a mass balance of mannoheptulose over the whole extraction process was undertaken to estimate the yield and efficiency of the total extraction process. The combination of biotransformation and preparative chromatography allowed the production of a pure mannoheptulose extract. In a biological test, the sugar inhibited the glucokinase enzyme activity efficiently.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KapplerForm1985,
  author    = {Kappler, Heinz and Form, J{\"u}rgen},
  title     = {Interaktive Computergraphik im Konstruktionsbuero. Einfuehrung und erste Erfahrungen mit CAD / J{\"u}rgen Form; Heinz Kappler},
  series = {Heitkamp Mitteilungen (1985)},
  journal   = {Heitkamp Mitteilungen (1985)},
  year      = {1985},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KapelyukhHendersonScheeretal.2019,
  author    = {Kapelyukh, Yury and Henderson, Colin James and Scheer, Nico and Rode, Anja and Wolf, Charles Roland},
  title     = {Defining the contribution of CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 to drug metabolism using humanized CYP1A1/1A2 and Cyp1a1/Cyp1a2 KO mice},
  series = {Drug Metabolism and Disposition},
  journal   = {Drug Metabolism and Disposition},
  number    = {Early view},
  doi       = {10.1124/dmd.119.087718},
  pages     = {43 Seiten},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KampkerSchleserTriebsetal.2018,
  author    = {Kampker, Achim and Schleser, Markus and Triebs, Johannes and Berg, Alexander-Karl and Hansen, Jan Ole and Fiedler, Falko},
  title     = {Bauteilintegrierte Vorrichtungsfunktionen im Karosseriebau : Aktuelle Ergebnisse im Forschungsprojekt ProeK},
  series = {ZWF Zeitschrift f{\"u}r wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb},
  volume    = {113},
  journal   = {ZWF Zeitschrift f{\"u}r wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {De Gruyter},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {0947-0085},
  doi       = {10.3139/104.112012},
  pages     = {767 -- 770},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Das Forschungsprojekt Produktionseffizienz in der Kleinserie (ProeK) erarbeitet kosteng{\"u}nstige und effiziente L{\"o}sungsans{\"a}tze f{\"u}r Prozessketten im Zukunftsfeld der Elektromobilit{\"a}t. Das Teilprojekt Karosserie setzt diese Zielsetzung durch innovative und praxisorientierte Produkt- und Prozesskonzepte mit neuartigen bauteilintegrierten Vorrichtungsfunktionen (BiV) um. Im Teilprojekt Außenhaut sollen Toleranzen adaptiv durch Anpassungen der Prozessparameter sowie Bauteilmanipulation kompensiert werden.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KaminskyWeberSimonsetal.2005,
  author    = {Kaminsky, Randolph and Weber, Hans-Joachim and Simons, Antoine and Kallweit, Stephan and Kramm, K. and Verdonck, Pascale},
  title     = {Comparison of the flow downstream two prototypes of a new monoleaflet artificial aortic heart valve by means of PIV visualization},
  series = {Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering. 8 (2005), H. 4, Suppl. 1},
  journal   = {Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering. 8 (2005), H. 4, Suppl. 1},
  isbn      = {1476-8259},
  pages     = {159 -- 160},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KaminskySimonsGatzweileretal.2005,
  author    = {Kaminsky, Randolph and Simons, Antoine and Gatzweiler, Karl-Heinz and Weber, Hans-Joachim},
  title     = {Flow visualization by means of PIV of an artificial aortic heart valve fixed into a mock aorta},
  series = {Acta Mechanica Slovaka 2-A. 9 (2005)},
  journal   = {Acta Mechanica Slovaka 2-A. 9 (2005)},
  pages     = {343 -- 348},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KaminskyKallweitWeberetal.2006,
  author    = {Kaminsky, Radoslav and Kallweit, Stephan and Weber, Hans-Joachim and Simons, Antoine and Kramm, K. and Jazwik, K. and Moll, J. and Verdonck, P.},
  title     = {3D high speed piv assessment of a new aortic heart valve prototype},
  series = {Journal of biomechanics. 39 (2006), H. Supplement 1},
  journal   = {Journal of biomechanics. 39 (2006), H. Supplement 1},
  publisher = {-},
  isbn      = {0021-9290},
  pages     = {S304 -- S305},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KaminskyKallweitWeberetal.2007,
  author    = {Kaminsky, Radoslav and Kallweit, Stephan and Weber, Hans-Joachim and Claessens, Tom and Jozwik, Krzystof and Verdonck, Pascal},
  title     = {Flow visualization through two types of aortic prosthetic heart valves using stereoscopic high-speed particle image velocimetry},
  series = {Artificial organs. 31 (2007), H. 12},
  journal   = {Artificial organs. 31 (2007), H. 12},
  isbn      = {1525-1594},
  pages     = {869 -- 879},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KaminskyDumontWeberetal.2007,
  author    = {Kaminsky, Radoslav and Dumont, K. and Weber, Hans-Joachim and Schroll, M. and Verdonck, P.},
  title     = {PIV validation of blood-heart valve leaflet interaction modelling},
  series = {The International journal of artificial organs. 30 (2007), H. 7},
  journal   = {The International journal of artificial organs. 30 (2007), H. 7},
  publisher = {-},
  pages     = {640 -- 648},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KaltschmittThraenFredebeulKreinetal.2006,
  author    = {Kaltschmitt, Martin and Thr{\"a}n, Daniela and Fredebeul-Krein, Markus and Vogel, Erika and Kalitzky, Thomas and Ehrhart, Karl Martin and Hoppe, Christian and Seifert, Stefan and Sijm, Jos and B{\"o}hringer, Christoph and Hoffmann, Tim and Moslener, Ulf and Sturm, Bodo and Diekmann, Jochen and Schleich, Joachim},
  title     = {CO2-Emissionshandel},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Energiewirtschaft},
  volume    = {Vol. 30},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Energiewirtschaft},
  number    = {Iss. 4},
  issn      = {0343-5377 (Print) 1866-2765 (Online)},
  pages     = {271 -- 314},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KallweitWillertDuesetal.2008,
  author    = {Kallweit, Stephan and Willert, Chris and Dues, Michael and M{\"u}ller, Ulrich},
  title     = {PIV for Volume Flow Metering / Kallweit, Stephan ; Willert, Chris ; Dues, Michael ; M{\"u}ller, Ulrich ; Lederer, Thomas},
  pages     = {6 S.},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}