@inproceedings{SchulteEggert2021, author = {Schulte, Maximilian and Eggert, Mathias}, title = {Predicting hourly bitcoin prices based on long short-term memory neural networks}, series = {Proceedings of the International Conference on Wirtschaftsinformatik (WI) 2021}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Conference on Wirtschaftsinformatik (WI) 2021}, pages = {16 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency and is considered a high-risk asset class whose price changes are difficult to predict. Current research focusses on daily price movements with a limited number of predictors. The paper at hand aims at identifying measurable indicators for Bitcoin price movements and the development of a suitable forecasting model for hourly changes. The paper provides three research contributions. First, a set of significant indicators for predicting the Bitcoin price is identified. Second, the results of a trained Long Short-term Memory (LSTM) neural network that predicts price changes on an hourly basis is presented and compared with other algorithms. Third, the results foster discussions of the applicability of neural nets for stock price predictions. In total, 47 input features for a period of over 10 months could be retrieved to train a neural net that predicts the Bitcoin price movements with an error rate of 3.52 \%.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Schultheis2021, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Schultheis, Anna Laura}, title = {EmanziPardon: Sind die Aussagen von Simone de Beauvoir aus ‚Das andere Geschlecht' heute noch relevant?}, publisher = {FH Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, school = {Fachhochschule Aachen}, pages = {81 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Simone de Beauvoir ver{\"o}ffentlichte 1949 ihr Werk ‚Das andere Geschlecht', in welchem sie die subjektiven und objektiven Einschr{\"a}nkungen, Belastungen und die Abh{\"a}ngigkeiten vom Mann darlegt, denen Frauen schon seit tausenden Jahren ausgesetzt waren und sind. Aber wie ist das heute? Sind diese Aussagen {\"u}berhaupt noch aktuell bzw. relevant? Innerhalb der Publikation werden Kernthesen aber auch Textausschnitte aus ihrem Werk aufgef{\"u}hrt sowie aktuelle Artikel, die sich mit der derzeitigen Lage befassen. Durch das gestalterische Konzept innerhalb der Publikation, haben die Lesenden die M{\"o}glichkeit, sich konkret mit genau den Themen zu befassen, die jeweils dem pers{\"o}nlichen Interesse entsprechen. Die Publikation dient als Erinnerung und als Nachschlagewerk, um immer wieder lesen k{\"o}nnen, welche K{\"a}mpfe hinsichtlich der Gleichstellung der Geschlechter bereits gek{\"a}mpft wurden und welche noch gek{\"a}mpft werden m{\"u}ssen.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{SchulzeBuxlohGross2021, author = {Schulze-Buxloh, Lina and Groß, Rolf Fritz}, title = {Interdisciplinary Course Smart Building Engineering: A new approach of teaching freshmen in remote teamwork project under pandemic restrictions}, series = {New Perspectives in Science Education - International Conference}, booktitle = {New Perspectives in Science Education - International Conference}, publisher = {Filodiritto}, address = {Bologna}, pages = {4 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In the context of the Corona pandemic and its impact on teaching like digital lectures and exercises a new concept especially for freshmen in demanding courses of Smart Building Engineering became necessary. As there were hardly any face-to-face events at the university, the new teaching concept should enable a good start into engineering studies under pandemic conditions anyway and should also replace the written exam at the end. The students should become active themselves in small teams instead of listening passively to a lecture broadcast online with almost no personal contact. For this purpose, a role play was developed in which the freshmen had to work out a complete solution to the realistic problem of designing, construction planning and implementing a small guesthouse. Each student of the team had to take a certain role like architect, site manager, BIM-manager, electrician and the technitian for HVAC installations. Technical specifications must be complied with, as well as documentation, time planning and cost estimate. The final project folder had to contain technical documents like circuit diagrams for electrical components, circuit diagrams for water and heating, design calculations and components lists. On the other hand construction schedule, construction implementation plan, documentation of the construction progress and minutes of meetings between the various trades had to be submitted as well. In addition to the project folder, a model of the construction project must also be created either as a handmade model or as a digital 3D-model using Computer-aided design (CAD) software. The first steps in the field of Building information modelling (BIM) had also been taken by creating a digital model of the building showing the current planning status in real time as a digital twin. This project turned out to be an excellent training of important student competencies like teamwork, communication skills, and self -organisation and also increased motivation to work on complex technical questions. The aim of giving the student a first impression on the challenges and solutions in building projects with many different technical trades and their points of view was very well achieved and should be continued in the future.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchulzeBuxlohGross2021, author = {Schulze-Buxloh, Lina and Groß, Rolf Fritz}, title = {Miniature urban farming plant: a complex educational "Toy" for engineering students}, series = {The Future of Education 11th Edition 2021}, booktitle = {The Future of Education 11th Edition 2021}, pages = {4 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Urban farming is an innovative and sustainable way of food production and is becoming more and more important in smart city and quarter concepts. It also enables the production of certain foods in places where they usually dare not produced, such as production of fish or shrimps in large cities far away from the coast. Unfortunately, it is not always possible to show students such concepts and systems in real life as part of courses: visits of such industry plants are sometimes not possible because of distance or are permitted by the operator for hygienic reasons. In order to give the students the opportunity of getting into contact with such an urban farming system and its complex operation, an industrial urban farming plant was set up on a significantly smaller scale. Therefore, all needed technical components like water aeriation, biological and mechanical filtration or water circulation have been replaced either by aquarium components or by self-designed parts also using a 3D-printer. Students from different courses like mechanical engineering, smart building engineering, biology, electrical engineering, automation technology and civil engineering were involved in this project. This "miniature industrial plant" was also able to start operation and has now been running for two years successfully. Due to Corona pandemic, home office and remote online lectures, the automation of this miniature plant should be brought to a higher level in future for providing a good control over the system and water quality remotely. The aim of giving the student a chance to get to know the operation of an urban farming plant was very well achieved and the students had lots of fun in "playing" and learning with it in a realistic way.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchulzeBuxlohGrossUlbrich2021, author = {Schulze-Buxloh, Lina and Groß, Rolf Fritz and Ulbrich, Michelle}, title = {Digital planning using building information modelling and virtual reality: new approach for students' remote practical training under lockdown conditions in the course of smart building engineering}, series = {Proceedings of International Conference on Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology 2021}, booktitle = {Proceedings of International Conference on Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology 2021}, publisher = {ISTES Organization}, address = {San Antonio, TX}, isbn = {978-1-952092-17-6}, pages = {118 -- 123}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The worldwide Corona pandemic has severely restricted student projects in the higher semesters of engineering courses. In order not to delay the graduation, a new concept had to be developed for projects under lockdown conditions. Therefore, unused rooms at the university should be digitally recorded in order to develop a new usage concept as laboratory rooms. An inventory of the actual state of the rooms was done first by taking photos and listing up all flaws and peculiarities. After that, a digital site measuring was done with a 360° laser scanner and these recorded scans were linked to a coherent point cloud and transferred to a software for planning technical building services and supporting Building Information Modelling (BIM). In order to better illustrate the difference between the actual and target state, two virtual reality models were created for realistic demonstration. During the project, the students had to go through the entire digital planning phases. Technical specifications had to be complied with, as well as documentation, time planning and cost estimate. This project turned out to be an excellent alternative to on-site practical training under lockdown conditions and increased the students' motivation to deal with complex technical questions.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Schoenlau2021, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Sch{\"o}nlau, Jennifer}, title = {Deutsche in der T{\"u}rkei: Wenn Deutsche in die T{\"u}rkei auswandern}, publisher = {FH Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, school = {Fachhochschule Aachen}, pages = {122 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Warum wandern immer mehr Deutsche in die T{\"u}rkei aus, obwohl wir denken, dass es uns in Deutschland gut geht? Haben deutsche Auswanderer in der T{\"u}rkei ein besseres Leben? Diese und weitere Fragen wurden in diesem Projekt genauer beleuchtet. Die Beweggr{\"u}nde der Menschen sind so unterschiedlich wie das Leben selbst. Diese Bachelorarbeit beinhaltet Interviews von fr{\"u}her in Deutschland lebenden Personen, die in die T{\"u}rkei ausgewandert sind und mit ihnen ihre ganz pers{\"o}nliche Geschichte. Zusammen mit diesem Thema wurde untersucht, wie das aktuelle Leben der Protagonisten in der T{\"u}rkei ist: soziales Umfeld, das Einleben in eine neue Kultur und die Lebensqualit{\"a}t. Ein pers{\"o}nliches und intimes Interview lag hier besonders im Fokus. Die Arbeit wird mit Fotografien unterst{\"u}tzt, die den Alltag Deutscher in der T{\"u}rkei zeigen. Mit diesem Projekt werden Vorurteile {\"u}ber die T{\"u}rkei und die dort lebenden Menschen best{\"a}tigt, widerlegt und neue Erkenntnisse zur Frage „warum Deutsche in die T{\"u}rkei auswandern" gewonnen.}, language = {de} } @article{SeefeldtDachwald2021, author = {Seefeldt, Patric and Dachwald, Bernd}, title = {Temperature increase on folded solar sail membranes}, series = {Advances in Space Research}, volume = {67}, journal = {Advances in Space Research}, number = {9}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0273-1177}, doi = {10.1016/j.asr.2020.09.026}, pages = {2688 -- 2695}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{SerrorHackHenzeetal.2021, author = {Serror, Martin and Hack, Sacha and Henze, Martin and Schuba, Marko and Wehrle, Klaus}, title = {Challenges and Opportunities in Securing the Industrial Internet of Things}, series = {IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics}, volume = {17}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics}, number = {5}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {New York}, issn = {1941-0050}, doi = {10.1109/TII.2020.3023507}, pages = {2985 -- 2996}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Sonntag2021, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Sonntag, Jana}, title = {Konzeption und Entwicklung einer Corporate Identity und einer Tourismuskampagne f{\"u}r das Siegerland}, publisher = {FH Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, school = {Fachhochschule Aachen}, pages = {57 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Im Rahmen meiner Bachelorarbeit werden ich mich mit der Konzeption und Entwicklung einer Corporate Identity f{\"u}r das Siegerland besch{\"a}ftigen. Weiterhin m{\"o}chte ich eine Tourismuskampagne f{\"u}r diese Region gestalten.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Sorgalla2021, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Sorgalla, Jonas}, title = {Skidio - die digitale Transformation der Kosmetikindustrie : die Entwicklung eines digitalen Vertriebskanals}, publisher = {FH Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, school = {Fachhochschule Aachen}, pages = {159 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Skidio basiert dabei auf dem Konzept, dass das Video f{\"u}r die Kosmetikindustrie das optimale Medium f{\"u}r Produktvorstellungen ist. Der Ausgangspunkt f{\"u}r das Einkaufserlebnis des Nutzers ist daher ein Video-Feed, bestehend aus Kurz- und Live-Videos, die einen direkten Kauf der gezeigten Produkte erm{\"o}glichen. So entsteht ein Ort, an dem Nutzer auf eine unterhaltsame Art und Weise Inspiration f{\"u}r die eigene Hautpflege finden k{\"o}nnen. Dabei ist das Video als Medium nicht nur unterhaltsamer, sondern zugleich auch deutlich informativer als klassische Produktlistings. Die Produktpr{\"a}sentation wird interaktiver, erlebbarer und deutlich effektiver. Gemeinsam mit Technologien wie einer digitalen Hautanalyse, wird so das Potenzial des E-Commerce f{\"u}r die Beautyindustrie vollst{\"a}ndig entfaltet.}, language = {de} } @article{SpietzSproewitzSeefeldtetal.2021, author = {Spietz, Peter and Spr{\"o}witz, Tom and Seefeldt, Patric and Grundmann, Jan Thimo and Jahnke, Rico and Mikschl, Tobias and Mikulz, Eugen and Montenegro, Sergio and Reershemius, Siebo and Renger, Thomas and Ruffer, Michael and Sasaki, Kaname and Sznajder, Maciej and T{\´o}th, Norbert and Ceriotti, Matteo and Dachwald, Bernd and Macdonald, Malcolm and McInnes, Colin and Seboldt, Wolfgang and Quantius, Dominik and Bauer, Waldemar and Wiedemann, Carsten and Grimm, Christian D. and Hercik, David and Ho, Tra-Mi and Lange, Caroline and Schmitz, Nicole}, title = {Paths not taken - The Gossamer roadmap's other options}, series = {Advances in Space Research}, volume = {67}, journal = {Advances in Space Research}, number = {9}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0273-1177}, doi = {10.1016/j.asr.2021.01.044}, pages = {2912 -- 2956}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Steffens2021, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Steffens, Nina}, title = {Bahn-Buddy: Informative Gamification Reiseapp f{\"u}r die DB f{\"u}r Kinder}, publisher = {FH Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, school = {Fachhochschule Aachen}, pages = {91 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {„Bahn-Buddy" ist eine App, die Kindern bei Bahnfahrten auf unterhaltsame Weise ihre Umgebung n{\"a}herbringt. Dabei wird mit GPS gearbeitet, um die Inhalte der App auf die jeweilige Bahnstrecke abzustimmen. Verschiedene Minispiele und Infoscreens sollen der Fahrt ein interaktiveres Gef{\"u}hl verleihen und somit die gef{\"u}hlte Fahrzeit f{\"u}r die Zielgruppe reduzieren. Den Kindern soll dabei auf eine spielerische Art und Weise Wissen {\"u}ber das Land, aber auch {\"u}ber alternative Verkehrsmittel und den Einfluss des Verkehrs auf die Umwelt vermittelt werden. Ziel ist es, die generelle Erfahrung des Bahnfahrens positiver zu gestalten. Dies soll zu einer fr{\"u}hen Kundenbindung f{\"u}hren und durch den geringeren CO2-Ausstoß bei Reisen mit der Bahn einen positiven Effekt auf die Umwelt haben.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Steinicke2021, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Steinicke, Nicola}, title = {Ein Erscheinungsbild f{\"u}r die Deutsche Stiftung Denkmalschutz}, publisher = {FH Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, school = {Fachhochschule Aachen}, pages = {123 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Die Deutsche Stiftung Denkmalschutz (DSD) ist die gr{\"o}ßte, private Stiftung Deutschlands, die sich f{\"u}r die F{\"o}rderung von unter Denkmalschutz stehenden Objekten einsetzt. Das neugestaltete Erscheinungsbild soll die Fachlichkeit der Organisation herausstellen und zugleich kreativ und kommunikativ eine breite Zielgruppe ansprechen. Die DSD bietet neben der Denkmalerhaltung auch Bildungsangebote f{\"u}r Jung und Alt an, wie auch Veranstaltungen f{\"u}r die Bewusstseinsbildung im Denkmalschutz. Als Sprachrohr zwischen der Stiftung und den F{\"o}rdernden dient das Magazin MONUMENTE. Denkmalschutz mag f{\"u}r manche uninteressant und eingestaubt wirken, da die Besch{\"a}ftigung mit bereits Bestehendem und das Verhindern von Verfall belanglos sein k{\"o}nnte. Weiß man allerdings {\"u}ber die Bedeutung f{\"u}r Kultur, Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft, so macht Denkmalschutz eine essenzielle Komponente unserer Kulturlandschaft aus. Die Auseinandersetzung mit der DSD soll das herausstellen und das Bewusstsein f{\"u}r diesen kulturellen Bestandteil des Denkmalschutzes vertiefen. }, language = {de} } @article{StaeudleSeynnesLapsetal.2021, author = {St{\"a}udle, Benjamin and Seynnes, Olivier and Laps, Guido and G{\"o}ll, Fabian and Br{\"u}ggemann, Gert-Peter and Albracht, Kirsten}, title = {Recovery from achilles tendon repair: a combination of Postsurgery Outcomes and Insufficient remodeling of muscle and tendon}, series = {Medicine \& Science in Sports \& Exercise}, volume = {53}, journal = {Medicine \& Science in Sports \& Exercise}, number = {7}, publisher = {American College of Sports Medicine}, address = {Philadelphia, Pa.}, issn = {1530-0315}, doi = {10.1249/MSS.0000000000002592}, pages = {1356 -- 1366}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) patients have persistent functional deficits in the triceps surae muscle-tendon unit (MTU). The complex remodeling of the MTU accompanying these deficits remains poorly understood. The purpose of the present study was to associate in vivo and in silico data to investigate the relations between changes inMTU properties and strength deficits inATR patients. Methods: Elevenmale subjects who had undergone surgical repair of complete unilateral ATR were examined 4.6 ± 2.0 (mean ± SD) yr after rupture. Gastrocnemius medialis (GM) tendon stiffness, morphology, and muscle architecture were determined using ultrasonography. The force-length relation of the plantar flexor muscles was assessed at five ankle joint angles. In addition, simulations (OpenSim) of the GM MTU force-length properties were performed with various iterations of MTU properties found between the unaffected and the affected side. Results: The affected side of the patients displayed a longer, larger, and stiffer GM tendon (13\% ± 10\%, 105\% ± 28\%, and 54\% ± 24\%, respectively) compared with the unaffected side. The GM muscle fascicles of the affected side were shorter (32\% ± 12\%) and with greater pennation angles (31\% ± 26\%). A mean deficit in plantarflexion moment of 31\% ± 10\% was measured. Simulations indicate that pairing an intact muscle with a longer tendon shifts the optimal angular range of peak force outside physiological angular ranges, whereas the shorter muscle fascicles and tendon stiffening seen in the affected side decrease this shift, albeit incompletely. Conclusions: These results suggest that the substantial changes in MTU properties found in ATR patients may partly result from compensatory remodeling, although this process appears insufficient to fully restore muscle function.}, language = {en} } @techreport{StoelzleFeixThomasEngelstaedteretal.2021, author = {St{\"o}lzle-Feix, Sonja and Thomas, Ulrich and Engelst{\"a}dter, Max and Goßmann, Matthias and Linder, Peter and Staat, Manfred and Raman, Aravind Hariharan and Jung, Alexander and Fertig, Niels}, title = {Plattformtechnologie f{\"u}r kardiale Sicherheitspharmakologie basierend auf teilsynthetischem Herzmuskelgewebe (FLEXcyte) : gemeinsamer FuE-Abschlussbericht aller Partner des Verbundprojektes : Projektlaufzeit: 01.10.2018 bis 30.09.2020}, publisher = {Nanion Technologies GmbH}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, doi = {10.2314/KXP:1813208581}, pages = {IV, 85 Seiten, 2 ungez{\"a}hlte Seiten}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @article{TemizArtmannKurulgandemirciFıratetal.2021, author = {Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l and Kurulgan demirci, Eylem and F{\i}rat, Ipek Seda and Oflaz, Hakan and Artmann, Gerhard}, title = {Recombinant activated protein C (rhAPC) affects lipopolysaccharide-induced mechanical compliance changes and beat frequency of mESC-derived cardiomyocyte monolayers}, series = {SHOCK}, journal = {SHOCK}, publisher = {Wolters Kluwer}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, issn = {1540-0514}, doi = {10.1097/SHK.0000000000001845}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Theisen2021, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Theisen, Paul}, title = {Die {\"a}sthetische Tonalit{\"a}t des Jazz : Immersion durch 3D-Visualisierung und musikalische Interaktion}, publisher = {FH Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, school = {Fachhochschule Aachen}, pages = {111 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Das Ausstellungskonzept »Free Jazz: A Collective Improvisation« widmet sich der {\"a}sthetischen Tonalit{\"a}t des gleichnamigen Albums von Ornette Coleman. Das besagte Album bildete den Grundstein f{\"u}r die Etablierung des Free Jazz - einer Musikform, die sich durch ihre schrille, hierarchiefreie Klangwelt sowie ein freies Improvisationsspiel auszeichnet und mit den g{\"a}ngigen Konventionen des Jazz bricht. Zu jedem der 8 Musiker, welche gemeinsam das von Coleman zusammengestellte Doppelquartett ergeben, wurden individuell abgestimmte, animierte und interaktive 3D-Gebilde konzipiert. Diese reagieren auf den Sound der jeweiligen Instrumente sowie die Position der Besuchenden und erm{\"o}glichen einen audiovisuellen, immersiven Zugang zum Album. Die Interaktion zwischen dem Publikum und den Gebilden schafft Raum f{\"u}r eine kollektive Improvisation auf sowohl der visuellen als auch auditiven Ebene.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Thomaschik2021, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Thomaschik, Annika}, title = {Medical Design for Kids: Integration der Bed{\"u}rfnisse von Kindern in medizinische Produkte}, publisher = {FH Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, school = {Fachhochschule Aachen}, pages = {122 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Kinder im Kontext von medizinischen Einrichtungen. Kinder sind keine kleinen Erwachsenen und erfordern einen auf sie angepassten Zugang zu medizinischen Behandlungsabl{\"a}ufen. Das Konzept basiert auf dem Gestaltungsprinzip des „Child Centered Design" mit Befragungen von Experten der P{\"a}diatrie und Forschung sowie mit enger Zusammenarbeit mit Kindern. Entstanden ist ein Produkt welches Skepsis und Angst junger Patienten im Alter von 6 bis 14 Jahren bei station{\"a}ren Aufenthalten in Krankenh{\"a}usern mindert und ihren Heilungsprozess positiv unterst{\"u}tzt. Unter Einbezug von digitalen M{\"o}glichkeiten wie Augmented Reality erkl{\"a}rt „ViU", ein Krankenhaus-Companion in Eulen-Optik, den kleinen Patienten Funktionen und das Wirken verschiedenster medizinischer Ger{\"a}te und Behandlungen. So wird nicht nur der Rate an Traumata durch Krankenhausaufenthalte bei Kindern entgegengewirkt, sondern auch das Krankenhauspersonal im Umgang mit Kindern im Klinikalltag entlastet.}, language = {de} } @article{Timme2021, author = {Timme, Michael}, title = {Rechtsprechungs{\"u}bersicht zum Wohnraummietrecht}, series = {Monatsschrift f{\"u}r Deutsches Recht}, volume = {75}, journal = {Monatsschrift f{\"u}r Deutsches Recht}, number = {1}, publisher = {Verlag Dr. Otto Schmidt}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, issn = {2194-4202}, doi = {10.9785/mdtr-2021-750113}, pages = {6 -- 11}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @book{Timme2021, author = {Timme, Michael}, title = {BGB Crashkurs: der sichere Weg durch die Pr{\"u}fung}, edition = {6. Auflage}, publisher = {C.H. Beck}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, isbn = {978-3-406-77349-5}, pages = {160 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Dieser "Crashkurs" eignet sich ausgezeichnet f{\"u}r die kompakte Wiederholung und die zielgerichtete Pr{\"u}fungsvorbereitung. Das Buch ist aufgrund seiner fallbezogenen Ausrichtung vor allem f{\"u}r Anf{\"a}nger gedacht, eignet sich aber auch f{\"u}r fortgeschrittene Studierende zur kompakten Wiederholung. Einfache Merks{\"a}tze, F{\"a}lle, {\"U}bersichten, Definitionen und kurze Zusammenfassungen lassen sich leicht einpr{\"a}gen und geben Sicherheit f{\"u}r die Pr{\"u}fung. Vorteile auf einen Blick: Das wichtigste BGB-Know-how als Repetitorium vor der Pr{\"u}fung, mit erprobten Merks{\"a}tzen und kurzen Zusammenfassungen, Fall f{\"u}r Fall sicher durch die Pr{\"u}fung}, language = {de} } @techreport{Tippkoetter2021, author = {Tippk{\"o}tter, Nils}, title = {TreBec - Herstellung eines Mehrwegbechers aus Treber : Sachbericht zum Verwendungsnachweis}, publisher = {FH Aachen}, address = {J{\"u}lich}, doi = {10.2314/KXP:1858723302}, pages = {10 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Laufzeit des Vorhabens und Berichtszeitraum: 01.10.2020-30.09.2021}, language = {de} } @article{TranEbeling2021, author = {Tran, Duc Hung and Ebeling, Felix}, title = {Die risikoad{\"a}quate Bestimmung von Eigenkapitalkosten bei konzerninternen Routinefunktionen}, series = {Der Betrieb}, volume = {74}, journal = {Der Betrieb}, number = {29}, issn = {0005-9935}, pages = {1553 -- 1560}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Eigenkapitalkosten sind eine wesentliche Determinante bei der Wertbestimmung von Unternehmen und Unternehmensteilen. Die Eigenkapitalkosten werden regelm{\"a}ßig mittels des CAPM bestimmt. F{\"u}r sog. konzerninterne Routinefunktionen mit geringem Risiko stellt diese Bestimmung mittels CAPM ein Problem dar, da b{\"o}rsennotierte Peergroups f{\"u}r eine zuverl{\"a}ssige Bestimmung des Beta-Faktors meist nicht identifizierbar sind. Damit ergeben sich bei Bewertungen von Routineunternehmen Unsicherheiten und Konfliktpotenzial in steuerlichen Betriebspr{\"u}fungen. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen {\"U}berblick der in der Praxis genutzten Ans{\"a}tze und stellt eine theoretische Fundierung zur Bestimmung der Eigenkapitalkosten von konzerninternen Routinefunktionen vor. Dabei wird verdeutlicht, dass Eigenkapitalkosten von konzerninternen Routinefunktionen nicht denen des Gesamtkonzerns entsprechen und Praktikerans{\"a}tze eine grunds{\"a}tzliche Berechtigung besitzen.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{TranStaat2021, author = {Tran, Ngoc Trinh and Staat, Manfred}, title = {FEM shakedown analysis of Kirchhoff-Love plates under uncertainty of strength}, series = {Proceedings of UNCECOMP 2021}, booktitle = {Proceedings of UNCECOMP 2021}, isbn = {978-618-85072-6-5}, doi = {10.7712/120221.8041.19047}, pages = {323 -- 338}, year = {2021}, abstract = {A new formulation to calculate the shakedown limit load of Kirchhoff plates under stochastic conditions of strength is developed. Direct structural reliability design by chance con-strained programming is based on the prescribed failure probabilities, which is an effective approach of stochastic programming if it can be formulated as an equivalent deterministic optimization problem. We restrict uncertainty to strength, the loading is still deterministic. A new formulation is derived in case of random strength with lognormal distribution. Upper bound and lower bound shakedown load factors are calculated simultaneously by a dual algorithm.}, language = {en} } @article{TranStaat2021, author = {Tran, Ngoc Trinh and Staat, Manfred}, title = {Direct plastic structural design under random strength and random load by chance constrained programming}, series = {European Journal of Mechanics - A/Solids}, volume = {85}, journal = {European Journal of Mechanics - A/Solids}, number = {Article 104106}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0997-7538}, doi = {10.1016/j.euromechsol.2020.104106}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Tran2021, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Tran, Thuy Tien}, title = {Shaping the Future of E-Government: Design System zur Implementierung digitaler {\"o}ffentlicher Services}, publisher = {FH Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, school = {Fachhochschule Aachen}, pages = {235 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Der digitale Transformationsprozess ist einer der gr{\"o}ßten gesellschaftlichen Umbr{\"u}che in der Geschichte der Menschheit. Aufgrund der Corona-Pandemie stieg die Nutzung von digitalen Kan{\"a}len bei den B{\"u}rger:innen wie nie zuvor und f{\"u}hrt zu einem sprunghaften Anstieg der Nachfrage nach {\"o}ffentlichen Services in digitaler Form. Das Ziel dieser Bachelorarbeit ist es, einen digitalen Raum zu gestalten, der den analogen Weg zum Amt gr{\"o}ßtenteils erspart. Mit geeigneten Kommunikationskan{\"a}len kann auf die Bed{\"u}rfnisse unterschiedlicher Gruppen eingegangen werden. Die Entwicklung der Anwendung IDport bietet sowohl private als auch staatliche Einsparpotenziale. B{\"u}rokratische Aufw{\"a}nde sollen durch eine neue Art des E-Government beseitigt werden. Die Konzeption ist infolge der aktuellen Gegebenheit in Deutschland weit entfernt von einer realit{\"a}tsnahen Umsetzung, weshalb es sich bei der Anwendung um eine revolution{\"a}re Zukunftsvision handelt.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{UlmerBraunChengetal.2021, author = {Ulmer, Jessica and Braun, Sebastian and Cheng, Chi-Tsun and Dowey, Steve and Wollert, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Adapting augmented reality systems to the users' needs using gamification and error solving methods}, series = {Procedia CIRP - 54th CIRP CMS 2021 - Towards Digitalized Manufacturing 4.0}, volume = {104}, booktitle = {Procedia CIRP - 54th CIRP CMS 2021 - Towards Digitalized Manufacturing 4.0}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2212-8271}, doi = {10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.024}, pages = {140 -- 145}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Animations of virtual items in AR support systems are typically predefined and lack interactions with dynamic physical environments. AR applications rarely consider users' preferences and do not provide customized spontaneous support under unknown situations. This research focuses on developing adaptive, error-tolerant AR systems based on directed acyclic graphs and error resolving strategies. Using this approach, users will have more freedom of choice during AR supported work, which leads to more efficient workflows. Error correction methods based on CAD models and predefined process data create individual support possibilities. The framework is implemented in the Industry 4.0 model factory at FH Aachen.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{UlmerBraunWollert2021, author = {Ulmer, Jessica and Braun, Sebastian and Wollert, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Adaptive VR-Produktionsumgebungen f{\"u}r Evaluations- und Schulungst{\"a}tigkeiten}, series = {Automation 2021: Navigating towards resilient Production}, booktitle = {Automation 2021: Navigating towards resilient Production}, publisher = {VDI}, address = {D{\"u}sseldorf}, isbn = {978-3-18-092392-5}, issn = {0083-5560}, doi = {10.51202/9783181023921-55}, pages = {55 -- 64}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Industrie 4.0 stellt viele Herausforderungen an produzierende Unternehmen und ihre Besch{\"a}f-tigten. Innovative und effektive Trainingsstrategien sind erforderlich, um mit den sich schnell ver{\"a}ndernden Produktionsumgebungen und neuen Fertigungstechnologien Schritt halten zu k{\"o}nnen. Virtual Reality (VR) bietet neue M{\"o}glichkeiten f{\"u}r On-the-Job, On-Demand- und Off-Premise-Schulungen. Diese Arbeit stellt ein neues VR Schulungssystem vor, welches sich flexible an unterschiedliche Trainingsobjekte auf Grundlage von Rezepten und CAD Modellen anpassen l{\"a}sst. Das Konzept basiert auf gerichteten azyklischen Graphen und einem Level-system. Es erm{\"o}glicht eine benutzerindividuelle Lerngeschwindigkeit mittels visueller Ele-mente. Das Konzept wurde f{\"u}r einen mechanischen Anwendungsfall mit Industriekomponen-ten implementiert und in der Industrie 4.0-Modellfabrik der FH Aachen umgesetzt.}, language = {de} } @article{ValeroSchalkoFriedrichetal.2021, author = {Valero, Daniel and Schalko, Isabella and Friedrich, Heide and Abad, Jorge D. and Bung, Daniel Bernhard and Donchyts, Gennadii and Felder, Stefan and Ferreira, Rui M. L. and Hohermuth, Benjamin and Kramer, Matthias and Li, Danxun and Mendes, Luis and Moreno-Rodenas, Antonio and Nones, Michael and Paron, Paolo and Ruiz-Villanueva, Virginia and Wang, Ruo-Qian and Franca, Mario J.}, title = {Pathways towards democratization of hydro-environment observations and data}, series = {Iahr White Paper Series}, journal = {Iahr White Paper Series}, number = {1}, publisher = {International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR)}, pages = {1 -- 9}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Vorholt2021, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Vorholt, Lara}, title = {Fitted Fashion: Sizing-L{\"o}sung zur Steigerung der Konversion \& Reduzierung von E-Commerce-Retouren}, publisher = {FH Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, pages = {235 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Die Zahl der Nutzenden beim Onlineshopping ist in den letzten Jahren deutlich gewachsen. Eines der gr{\"o}ßten Probleme dabei: Die Retouren. Sowohl die Wirtschaft als auch die Umwelt leiden darunter. Der Hauptgrund f{\"u}r R{\"u}cksendungen sind dabei Schwierigkeiten bei der Auswahl der individuell richtigen Gr{\"o}ße. Das Ziel dieses Projektes ist es daher, eine 3D-K{\"o}rperscan-App zu erstellen. Mit dieser ist es m{\"o}glich, einen auf die eigenen K{\"o}rpermaße angepassten Avatar zu erstellen und eine angepasste Stilberatung f{\"u}r die jeweilige K{\"o}rperform angeboten zu bekommen. Zudem gibt es eine Applikation in Form eines Software Development Kits, welches in Onlineshops eingebunden werden kann. Mit Hilfe der Applikation bekommen Konsumenten die richtige Gr{\"o}ße auch beim Onlineshopping angezeigt und t{\"a}tigen so weniger Fehlk{\"a}ufe. Dies bringt nicht nur Vorteile f{\"u}r die Umwelt mit sich und den Unternehmen eine massive Kostenersparnis durch die Einsparung von Retouren, M{\"u}ll und Personal, sondern schlussendlich auch eine zufriedenere Kundschaft.}, language = {de} } @article{WaldvogelRitzmannFreyleretal.2021, author = {Waldvogel, Janice and Ritzmann, Ramona and Freyler, Kathrin and Helm, Michael and Monti, Elena and Albracht, Kirsten and St{\"a}udle, Benjamin and Gollhofer, Albert and Narici, Marco}, title = {The Anticipation of Gravity in Human Ballistic Movement}, series = {Frontiers in Physiology}, journal = {Frontiers in Physiology}, publisher = {Frontiers}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-042X}, doi = {10.3389/fphys.2021.614060}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Stretch-shortening type actions are characterized by lengthening of the pre-activated muscle-tendon unit (MTU) in the eccentric phase immediately followed by muscle shortening. Under 1 g, pre-activity before and muscle activity after ground contact, scale muscle stiffness, which is crucial for the recoil properties of the MTU in the subsequent push-off. This study aimed to examine the neuro-mechanical coupling of the stretch-shortening cycle in response to gravity levels ranging from 0.1 to 2 g. During parabolic flights, 17 subjects performed drop jumps while electromyography (EMG) of the lower limb muscles was combined with ultrasound images of the gastrocnemius medialis, 2D kinematics and kinetics to depict changes in energy management and performance. Neuro-mechanical coupling in 1 g was characterized by high magnitudes of pre-activity and eccentric muscle activity allowing an isometric muscle behavior during ground contact. EMG during pre-activity and the concentric phase systematically increased from 0.1 to 1 g. Below 1 g the EMG in the eccentric phase was diminished, leading to muscle lengthening and reduced MTU stretches. Kinetic energy at take-off and performance were decreased compared to 1 g. Above 1 g, reduced EMG in the eccentric phase was accompanied by large MTU and muscle stretch, increased joint flexion amplitudes, energy loss and reduced performance. The energy outcome function established by linear mixed model reveals that the central nervous system regulates the extensor muscles phase- and load-specifically. In conclusion, neuro-mechanical coupling appears to be optimized in 1 g. Below 1 g, the energy outcome is compromised by reduced muscle stiffness. Above 1 g, loading progressively induces muscle lengthening, thus facilitating energy dissipation.}, language = {en} } @article{WeldenJablonskiWegeetal.2021, author = {Welden, Rene and Jablonski, Melanie and Wege, Christina and Keusgen, Michael and Wagner, Patrick Hermann and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Light-Addressable Actuator-Sensor Platform for Monitoring and Manipulation of pH Gradients in Microfluidics: A Case Study with the Enzyme Penicillinase}, series = {Biosensors}, volume = {11}, journal = {Biosensors}, number = {6}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2079-6374}, doi = {10.3390/bios11060171}, pages = {Artikel 171}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The feasibility of light-addressed detection and manipulation of pH gradients inside an electrochemical microfluidic cell was studied. Local pH changes, induced by a light-addressable electrode (LAE), were detected using a light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) with different measurement modes representing an actuator-sensor system. Biosensor functionality was examined depending on locally induced pH gradients with the help of the model enzyme penicillinase, which had been immobilized in the microfluidic channel. The surface morphology of the LAE and enzyme-functionalized LAPS was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, the penicillin sensitivity of the LAPS inside the microfluidic channel was determined with regard to the analyte's pH influence on the enzymatic reaction rate. In a final experiment, the LAE-controlled pH inhibition of the enzyme activity was monitored by the LAPS.}, language = {en} } @article{WerkhausenWillwacherAlbracht2021, author = {Werkhausen, Amelie and Willwacher, Steffen and Albracht, Kirsten}, title = {Medial gastrocnemius muscle fascicles shorten throughout stance during sprint acceleration}, series = {Scandinavian Journal of Medicine \& Science in Sports}, volume = {31}, journal = {Scandinavian Journal of Medicine \& Science in Sports}, number = {7}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0905-7188 (Druckausgabe)}, doi = {10.1111/sms.13956}, pages = {1471 -- 1480}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The compliant nature of distal limb muscle-tendon units is traditionally considered suboptimal in explosive movements when positive joint work is required. However, during accelerative running, ankle joint net mechanical work is positive. Therefore, this study aims to investigate how plantar flexor muscle-tendon behavior is modulated during fast accelerations. Eleven female sprinters performed maximum sprint accelerations from starting blocks, while gastrocnemius muscle fascicle lengths were estimated using ultrasonography. We combined motion analysis and ground reaction force measurements to assess lower limb joint kinematics and kinetics, and to estimate gastrocnemius muscle-tendon unit length during the first two acceleration steps. Outcome variables were resampled to the stance phase and averaged across three to five trials. Relevant scalars were extracted and analyzed using one-sample and two-sample t-tests, and vector trajectories were compared using statistical parametric mapping. We found that an uncoupling of muscle fascicle behavior from muscle-tendon unit behavior is effectively used to produce net positive mechanical work at the joint during maximum sprint acceleration. Muscle fascicles shortened throughout the first and second steps, while shortening occurred earlier during the first step, where negative joint work was lower compared with the second step. Elastic strain energy may be stored during dorsiflexion after touchdown since fascicles did not lengthen at the same time to dissipate energy. Thus, net positive work generation is accommodated by the reuse of elastic strain energy along with positive gastrocnemius fascicle work. Our results show a mechanism of how muscles with high in-series compliance can contribute to net positive joint work.}, language = {en} } @article{WertIkenSchoeningetal.2021, author = {Wert, Stefan and Iken, Heiko and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Matysik, Frank-Michael}, title = {Development of a temperature-pulse enhanced electrochemical glucose biosensor and characterization of its stability via scanning electrochemical microscopy}, series = {Electroanalysis}, journal = {Electroanalysis}, number = {Early View}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1521-4109}, doi = {10.1002/elan.202100089}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Glucose oxidase (GOx) is an enzyme frequently used in glucose biosensors. As increased temperatures can enhance the performance of electrochemical sensors, we investigated the impact of temperature pulses on GOx that was drop-coated on flattened Pt microwires. The wires were heated by an alternating current. The sensitivity towards glucose and the temperature stability of GOx was investigated by amperometry. An up to 22-fold increase of sensitivity was observed. Spatially resolved enzyme activity changes were investigated via scanning electrochemical microscopy. The application of short (<100 ms) heat pulses was associated with less thermal inactivation of the immobilized GOx than long-term heating.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WildCzupallaFoerstner2021, author = {Wild, Dominik and Czupalla, Markus and F{\"o}rstner, Roger}, title = {Modeling, prediction and test of additive manufactured integral structures with embedded lattice and phase change material applying Infused Thermal Solutions (ITS)}, series = {ICES104: Advances in Thermal Control Technology}, booktitle = {ICES104: Advances in Thermal Control Technology}, publisher = {Texas Tech University}, address = {Lubbock, Tex.}, pages = {12 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Infused Thermal Solutions (ITS) introduces a method for passive thermal control to stabilize structural components thermally without active heating and cooling systems, but with phase change material (PCM) for thermal energy storage (TES), in combination with lattice - both embedded in additive manufactured functional structures. In this ITS follow-on paper a thermal model approach and associated predictions are presented, related on the ITS functional breadboards developed at FH Aachen. Predictive TES by PCM is provided by a specially developed ITS PCM subroutine, which is applicable in ESATAN. The subroutine is based on the latent heat storage (LHS) method to numerically embed thermo-physical PCM behavior. Furthermore, a modeling approach is introduced to numerically consider the virtual PCM/lattice nodes within the macro-encapsulated PCM voids of the double wall ITS design. Related on these virtual nodes, in-plane and out-of-plane conductive links are defined. The recent additive manufactured ITS breadboard series are thermally cycled in the thermal vacuum chamber, both with and without embedded PCM. Related on breadboard hardware tests, measurement results are compared with predictions and are subsequently correlated. The results of specific simulations and measurements are presented. Recent predictive results of star tracker analyses are also presented in ICES-2021-106, based on this ITS PCM subroutine.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Wild2021, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Wild, Lisa}, title = {UKIYO: Eine Neuinterpretation der fließenden Welt}, publisher = {FH Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, school = {Fachhochschule Aachen}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Ukiyo kommt aus dem Japanischen und bedeutet {\"u}bersetzt so viel wie: „Den Moment leben, ohne von den Sorgen des Lebens ber{\"u}hrt zu werden." Gerade in Zeiten der Pandemie verliert man oft den Blick f{\"u}r das Sch{\"o}ne im Leben. Der Fotoband „UKIYO" soll dazu anregen, allt{\"a}gliche Dinge aus einem neuen Blickwinkel zu betrachten und die Sch{\"o}nheit im Verg{\"a}nglichen zu erkennen. Die Fotografien sind inspiriert durch das japanische Kunstgenre Ukiyo-e, was w{\"o}rtlich {\"u}bersetzt etwa „Bilder der heiteren, fließenden Welt" heißt. Die Gestaltung des Bildbandes orientiert sich an verschiedenen japanischen Stilmitteln, wie zum Beispiel Wabi-Sabi (die Sch{\"o}nheit im Unvollkommenen) und Mono no aware (eine melancholische Mischung aus Freude, Trauer und Hinnahme). „UKIYO" nimmt die Betrachter mit auf eine kleine Reise durch die fließende Welt. }, language = {de} } @article{YoshinobuSchoening2021, author = {Yoshinobu, Tatsuo and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Light-addressable potentiometric sensors (LAPS) for cell monitoring and biosensing}, series = {Current Opinion in Electrochemistry}, journal = {Current Opinion in Electrochemistry}, number = {In Press, Journal Pre-proof}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2451-9103}, doi = {10.1016/j.coelec.2021.100727}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{ZabirovSchleserBucherer2021, author = {Zabirov, Alexander and Schleser, Markus and Bucherer, Sebastian}, title = {F{\"u}ge- und Dichtkonzept f{\"u}r einen Leichtbauverbrennungsmotor}, series = {adh{\"a}sion KLEBEN \& DICHTEN}, volume = {65}, journal = {adh{\"a}sion KLEBEN \& DICHTEN}, number = {11}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Cham}, issn = {2192-8681}, doi = {10.1007/s35145-021-0531-5}, pages = {12 -- 19}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Zaunbrecher2021, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Zaunbrecher, Fabienne}, title = {Living Spaces - By OASE: Konzeption eines Flagship-Stores mit Wohlf{\"u}hl- und Erlebnis-Spaces}, publisher = {FH Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, pages = {175 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Konzeption eines Flagship-Stores mit Wohlf{\"u}hl- und Erlebnis-Spaces Die Bed{\"u}rfnisse von Besuchern und Kunden eines Gesch{\"a}fts haben sich {\"u}ber die letzten Jahre stark ver{\"a}ndert. Sie m{\"o}chten das ihr Kauf zum Erlebnis wird. Auf Basis dieser Erkenntnis wurde im Rahmen dieser Arbeit zusammen mit den Produkten des Weltmarktf{\"u}hrers f{\"u}r Teichtechnik und Aquaristik „OASE - Living Water" ein Storekonzept geschaffen. Dieses verbindet den Verkaufsraum mit unterschiedlichen Erlebniswelten, welche auf die jeweilig ausgestellte Produktkategorie abgestimmt sind. Zus{\"a}tzlich er{\"o}ffnet ein diverser und aufregend gestalteter Gartenbereich der zum Entspannen und Verweilen einl{\"a}dt. Der herausstechende Aspekt des Konzepts ist, dass die Produkte sowohl als reines Produkt, als auch in verbauter Version in Aktion zu sehen sind. Auf diese Art bietet die Marke „OASE - Living Water" ein neues Kauf-Erlebnis an.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{ŠakićMilijašMarinkovićetal.2021, author = {Šakić, Bogdan and Milijaš, Aleksa and Marinković, Marko and Butenweg, Christoph and Klinkel, Sven}, title = {Influence of prior in-plane damage on the out-of-plane response of non-load bearing unreinforced masonry walls under seismic load}, series = {Proceedings of COMPDYN 2021}, booktitle = {Proceedings of COMPDYN 2021}, editor = {Papadrakakis, Manolis and Fragiadakis, Michalis}, publisher = {National Technical University of Athens}, address = {Athen}, isbn = {9786188507258}, issn = {2623-3347}, doi = {10.7712/120121.8527.18913}, pages = {808 -- 828}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Reinforced concrete frames with masonry infill walls are popular form of construction all over the world as well in seismic regions. While severe earthquakes can cause high level of damage of both reinforced concrete and masonry infills, earthquakes of lower to medium intensity some-times can cause significant level of damage of masonry infill walls. Especially important is the level of damage of face loaded infill masonry walls (out-of-plane direction) as out-of-plane load cannot only bring high level of damage to the wall, it can also be life-threating for the people near the wall. The response in out-of-plane direction directly depends on the prior in-plane damage, as previous investigation shown that it decreases resistance capacity of the in-fills. Behaviour of infill masonry walls with and without prior in-plane load is investigated in the experimental campaign and the results are presented in this paper. These results are later compared with analytical approaches for the out-of-plane resistance from the literature. Conclusions based on the experimental campaign on the influence of prior in-plane damage on the out-of-plane response of infill walls are compared with the conclusions from other authors who investigated the same problematic.}, language = {en} }