@article{PourshahidiAchtsnichtOffenhaeusseretal.2022,
  author    = {Pourshahidi, Ali Mohammad and Achtsnicht, Stefan and Offenh{\"a}usser, Andreas and Krause, Hans-Joachim},
  title     = {Frequency Mixing Magnetic Detection Setup Employing Permanent Ring Magnets as a Static Offset Field Source},
  series = {Sensors},
  volume    = {22},
  journal   = {Sensors},
  number    = {22},
  editor    = {Offenh{\"a}usser, Andreas},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {1424-8220},
  doi       = {10.3390/s22228776},
  pages     = {12 Seiten},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Frequency mixing magnetic detection (FMMD) has been explored for its applications in fields of magnetic biosensing, multiplex detection of magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) and the determination of core size distribution of MNP samples. Such applications rely on the application of a static offset magnetic field, which is generated traditionally with an electromagnet. Such a setup requires a current source, as well as passive or active cooling strategies, which directly sets a limitation based on the portability aspect that is desired for point of care (POC) monitoring applications. In this work, a measurement head is introduced that involves the utilization of two ring-shaped permanent magnets to generate a static offset magnetic field. A steel cylinder in the ring bores homogenizes the field. By variation of the distance between the ring magnets and of the thickness of the steel cylinder, the magnitude of the magnetic field at the sample position can be adjusted. Furthermore, the measurement setup is compared to the electromagnet offset module based on measured signals and temperature behavior.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MolinnusJanusFangetal.2022,
  author    = {Molinnus, Denise and Janus, Kevin Alexander and Fang, Anyelina C. and Drinic, Aleksander and Achtsnicht, Stefan and K{\"o}pf, Marius and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Thick-film carbon electrode deposited onto a biodegradable fibroin substrate for biosensing applications},
  series = {Physica status solidi (a)},
  volume    = {219},
  journal   = {Physica status solidi (a)},
  number    = {23},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1862-6319},
  doi       = {10.1002/pssa.202200100},
  pages     = {1 -- 9},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {This study addresses a proof-of-concept experiment with a biocompatible screen-printed carbon electrode deposited onto a biocompatible and biodegradable substrate, which is made of fibroin, a protein derived from silk of the Bombyx mori silkworm. To demonstrate the sensor performance, the carbon electrode is functionalized as a glucose biosensor with the enzyme glucose oxidase and encapsulated with a silicone rubber to ensure biocompatibility of the contact wires. The carbon electrode is fabricated by means of thick-film technology including a curing step to solidify the carbon paste. The influence of the curing temperature and curing time on the electrode morphology is analyzed via scanning electron microscopy. The electrochemical characterization of the glucose biosensor is performed by amperometric/voltammetric measurements of different glucose concentrations in phosphate buffer. Herein, systematic studies at applied potentials from 500 to 1200 mV to the carbon working electrode (vs the Ag/AgCl reference electrode) allow to determine the optimal working potential. Additionally, the influence of the curing parameters on the glucose sensitivity is examined over a time period of up to 361 days. The sensor shows a negligible cross-sensitivity toward ascorbic acid, noradrenaline, and adrenaline. The developed biocompatible biosensor is highly promising for future in vivo and epidermal applications.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{JablonskiMuenstermannNorketal.2021,
  author    = {Jablonski, Melanie and M{\"u}nstermann, Felix and Nork, Jasmina and Molinnus, Denise and Muschallik, Lukas and Bongaerts, Johannes and Wagner, Torsten and Keusgen, Michael and Siegert, Petra and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Capacitive field-effect biosensor applied for the detection of acetoin in alcoholic beverages and fermentation broths},
  series = {physica status solidi (a) applications and materials science},
  volume    = {218},
  journal   = {physica status solidi (a) applications and materials science},
  number    = {13},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1862-6319},
  doi       = {10.1002/pssa.202000765},
  pages     = {7 Seiten},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {An acetoin biosensor based on a capacitive electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) structure modified with the enzyme acetoin reductase, also known as butane-2,3-diol dehydrogenase (Bacillus clausii DSM 8716ᵀ), is applied for acetoin detection in beer, red wine, and fermentation broth samples for the first time. The EIS sensor consists of an Al/p-Si/SiO₂/Ta₂O₅ layer structure with immobilized acetoin reductase on top of the Ta₂O₅ transducer layer by means of crosslinking via glutaraldehyde. The unmodified and enzyme-modified sensors are electrochemically characterized by means of leakage current, capacitance-voltage, and constant capacitance methods, respectively.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ArreolaMaetzkowDuranetal.2016,
  author    = {Arreola, Julio and M{\"a}tzkow, Malte and Dur{\´a}n, Marlena Palomar and Greeff, Anton and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Optimization of the immobilization of bacterial spores on glass substrates with organosilanes},
  series = {Physica status solidi (A) : Applications and materials science},
  volume    = {213},
  journal   = {Physica status solidi (A) : Applications and materials science},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1862-6319},
  doi       = {10.1002/pssa.201532914},
  pages     = {1463 -- 1470},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Spores can be immobilized on biosensors to function as sensitive recognition elements. However, the immobilization can affect the sensitivity and reproducibility of the sensor signal. In this work, three different immobilization strategies with organosilanes were optimized and characterized to immobilize Bacillus atrophaeus spores on glass substrates. Five different silanization parameters were investigated: nature of the solvent, concentration of the silane, silanization time, curing process, and silanization temperature. The resulting silane layers were resistant to a buffer solution (e.g., Ringer solution) with a polysorbate (e.g., Tween®80) and sonication.},
  language  = {en}
}