@incollection{GrossHeckenRenz1999,
  author    = {Groß, Rolf Fritz and Hecken, M. and Renz, Ulrich},
  title     = {Hot gas filtration with ceramic filter candles: experimental and numerical investigations on fluid flow during element cleaning},
  series = {High temperature gas cleaning. Vol. 2},
  booktitle = {High temperature gas cleaning. Vol. 2},
  editor    = {Dittler, A. and Hemmer, G. and Kasper, G.},
  publisher = {KIT Institut f{\"u}r Mechanische Verfahrenstechnik und Mechanik},
  address   = {Karlsruhe},
  isbn      = {3-9805220-1-6},
  pages     = {862 -- 873},
  year      = {1999},
  abstract  = {Ceramic hot gas filters are widely used in combined cycles based on pressurised fluidised beds. They fulfil most of the demands with respect to cleaning efficiency and long time durability, but their operation regarding the consumption of pulse gas and energy still has to be optimised. Experimental investigations were carried out to measure the flow field, the pressure and the gas temperature inside the filter candle during pulse jet cleaning. These results are compared with the results of a numerical procedure based on a solution of the two - dimensional conservation equations for momentum and energy. The observed difficulties handling different flow regimes like highly turbulent flow as well as Darcy flow simultaneously are discussed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{HoffschmidtAlexopoulosGoettscheetal.2022,
  author    = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Alexopoulos, Spiros and G{\"o}ttsche, Joachim and Sauerborn, Markus and Kaufhold, O.},
  title     = {High Concentration Solar Collectors},
  series = {Comprehensive Renewable Energy (Second Edition) / Volume 3: Solar Thermal Systems: Components and Applications},
  booktitle = {Comprehensive Renewable Energy (Second Edition) / Volume 3: Solar Thermal Systems: Components and Applications},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  isbn      = {978-0-12-819734-9},
  doi       = {10.1016/B978-0-12-819727-1.00058-3},
  pages     = {198 -- 245},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Solar thermal concentrated power is an emerging technology that provides clean electricity for the growing energy market. To the solar thermal concentrated power plant systems belong the parabolic trough, the Fresnel collector, the solar dish, and the central receiver system. For high-concentration solar collector systems, optical and thermal analysis is essential. There exist a number of measurement techniques and systems for the optical and thermal characterization of the efficiency of solar thermal concentrated systems. For each system, structure, components, and specific characteristics types are described. The chapter presents additionally an outline for the calculation of system performance and operation and maintenance topics. One main focus is set to the models of components and their construction details as well as different types on the market. In the later part of this article, different criteria for the choice of technology are analyzed in detail.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{HoffschmidtAlexopoulosRauetal.2022,
  author    = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Alexopoulos, Spiros and Rau, Christoph and Sattler, Johannes, Christoph and Anthrakidis, Anette and Teixeira Boura, Cristiano Jos{\´e} and O'Connor, B. and Chico Caminos, R.A. and Rend{\´o}n, C. and Hilger, P.},
  title     = {Concentrating solar power},
  series = {Comprehensive Renewable Energy (Second Edition) / Volume 3: Solar Thermal Systems: Components and Applications},
  booktitle = {Comprehensive Renewable Energy (Second Edition) / Volume 3: Solar Thermal Systems: Components and Applications},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  isbn      = {978-0-12-819734-9},
  pages     = {670 -- 724},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {The focus of this chapter is the production of power and the use of the heat produced from concentrated solar thermal power (CSP) systems. The chapter starts with the general theoretical principles of concentrating systems including the description of the concentration ratio, the energy and mass balance. The power conversion systems is the main part where solar-only operation and the increase in operational hours. Solar-only operation include the use of steam turbines, gas turbines, organic Rankine cycles and solar dishes. The operational hours can be increased with hybridization and with storage. Another important topic is the cogeneration where solar cooling, desalination and of heat usage is described. Many examples of commercial CSP power plants as well as research facilities from the past as well as current installed and in operation are described in detail. The chapter closes with economic and environmental aspects and with the future potential of the development of CSP around the world.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{HoffschmidtAlexopoulosRauetal.2021,
  author    = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Alexopoulos, Spiros and Rau, Christoph and Sattler, Johannes, Christoph and Anthrakidis, Anette and Teixeira Boura, Cristiano Jos{\´e} and O'Connor, B. and Caminos, R.A. Chico and Rend{\´o}n, C. and Hilger, P.},
  title     = {Concentrating Solar Power},
  series = {Earth systems and environmental sciences},
  booktitle = {Earth systems and environmental sciences},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  isbn      = {978-0-12-409548-9},
  doi       = {10.1016/B978-0-12-819727-1.00089-3},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The focus of this chapter is the production of power and the use of the heat produced from concentrated solar thermal power (CSP) systems. The chapter starts with the general theoretical principles of concentrating systems including the description of the concentration ratio, the energy and mass balance. The power conversion systems is the main part where solar-only operation and the increase in operational hours. Solar-only operation include the use of steam turbines, gas turbines, organic Rankine cycles and solar dishes. The operational hours can be increased with hybridization and with storage. Another important topic is the cogeneration where solar cooling, desalination and of heat usage is described. Many examples of commercial CSP power plants as well as research facilities from the past as well as current installed and in operation are described in detail. The chapter closes with economic and environmental aspects and with the future potential of the development of CSP around the world.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{HerrmannKearneyRoegeretal.2017,
  author    = {Herrmann, Ulf and Kearney, D. and R{\"o}ger, M. and Prahl, C.},
  title     = {System performance measurements},
  series = {The Performance of Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) Systems : Modelling, Measurement and Assessment},
  booktitle = {The Performance of Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) Systems : Modelling, Measurement and Assessment},
  publisher = {Woodhead Publishing},
  address   = {Duxford},
  isbn      = {978-0-08-100448-7},
  doi       = {https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100447-0.00005-5},
  pages     = {115 -- 165},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {This chapter introduces performance and acceptance testing and describes state-of-the-art tools, methods, and instruments to assess the plant performance or realize plant acceptance testing. The status of the development of standards for performance assessment is given.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Alexopoulos2013,
  author    = {Alexopoulos, Spiros},
  title     = {Biomass technology and bio-fuels: Heating/cooling and power},
  series = {Renewable energy systems : theory, innovations, and intelligent applications / eds.: Socrates Kaplanis and Eleni Kaplani},
  booktitle = {Renewable energy systems : theory, innovations, and intelligent applications / eds.: Socrates Kaplanis and Eleni Kaplani},
  publisher = {Nova Science Publ.},
  address   = {Hauppauge, NY},
  isbn      = {9781624177415},
  pages     = {501 -- 523},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{HoffschmidtAlexopoulosRauetal.2012,
  author    = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Alexopoulos, Spiros and Rau, Christoph and Sattler, Johannes, Christoph and Anthrakidis, Anette and Teixeira Boura, Cristiano Jos{\´e} and O'Connor, P. and Hilger, Patrick},
  title     = {Concentrating solar power},
  series = {Comprehensive renewable energy / ed. Ali Sayigh. Vol. 3: Solar thermal systems: components and applications},
  volume    = {3},
  booktitle = {Comprehensive renewable energy / ed. Ali Sayigh. Vol. 3: Solar thermal systems: components and applications},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  isbn      = {978-0-08-087872-0},
  doi       = {10.1016/B978-0-08-087872-0.00319-X},
  pages     = {595 -- 636},
  year      = {2012},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{HoffschmidtAlexopoulosGoettscheetal.2012,
  author    = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Alexopoulos, Spiros and G{\"o}ttsche, Joachim and Sauerborn, Markus},
  title     = {High concentration solar collectors},
  series = {Comprehensive renewable energy / ed. Ali Sayigh. Vol. 3: Solar thermal systems: components and applications},
  volume    = {3},
  booktitle = {Comprehensive renewable energy / ed. Ali Sayigh. Vol. 3: Solar thermal systems: components and applications},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  isbn      = {978-0-08-087873-7},
  doi       = {10.1016/B978-0-08-087872-0.00306-1},
  pages     = {165 -- 209},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Solar thermal concentrated power is an emerging technology that provides clean electricity for the growing energy market. To the solar thermal concentrated power plant systems belong the parabolic trough, the Fresnel collector, the solar dish, and the central receiver system. For high-concentration solar collector systems, optical and thermal analysis is essential. There exist a number of measurement techniques and systems for the optical and thermal characterization of the efficiency of solar thermal concentrated systems. For each system, structure, components, and specific characteristics types are described. The chapter presents additionally an outline for the calculation of system performance and operation and maintenance topics. One main focus is set to the models of components and their construction details as well as different types on the market. In the later part of this chapter, different criteria for the choice of technology are analyzed in detail.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{HoffschmidtFaber2007,
  author    = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Faber, Christian},
  title     = {Lighthouse project for North-Rhine Westfalia - Solar thermal R \& D Power Planet in J{\"u}lich},
  series = {Energy security, climate change and sustainable development / ed. Jyotirmay Mathur ...},
  booktitle = {Energy security, climate change and sustainable development / ed. Jyotirmay Mathur ...},
  publisher = {Anamaya Publ.},
  address   = {New Delhi},
  isbn      = {81-88342-81-5},
  pages     = {101 -- 116},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{KrokerHoffschmidtSchwarzeretal.2008,
  author    = {Kroker, Jan and Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Schwarzer, Klemens and Sp{\"a}te, Frank},
  title     = {PTC 1000 modular parabolic trough collector},
  series = {Process heat collectors : state of the art within task 33/IV ; IEA SHC-Task 33 and SolarPACES-Task IV: Solar heat for industrial processes : F{\"o}rderkennzeichen BMBF 0329273A / Solar Heating and Cooling Executive Committee of the International Energy Agency (IEA) ; ed. Werner Weiss},
  booktitle = {Process heat collectors : state of the art within task 33/IV ; IEA SHC-Task 33 and SolarPACES-Task IV: Solar heat for industrial processes : F{\"o}rderkennzeichen BMBF 0329273A / Solar Heating and Cooling Executive Committee of the International Energy Agency (IEA) ; ed. Werner Weiss},
  publisher = {AEE INTEC},
  address   = {Gleisdorf},
  pages     = {45 -- 46},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}