@article{Staat2005,
  author    = {Staat, Manfred},
  title     = {Direct finite element route for design-by-analysis of pressure components},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {In the new European standard for unfired pressure vessels, EN 13445-3, there are two approaches for carrying out a Design-by-Analysis that cover both the stress categorization method (Annex C) and the direct route method (Annex B) for a check against global plastic deformation and against progressive plastic deformation. This paper presents the direct route in the language of limit and shakedown analysis. This approach leads to an optimization problem. Its solution with Finite Element Analysis is demonstrated for mechanical and thermal actions. One observation from the examples is that the so-called 3f (3Sm) criterion fails to be a reliable check against progressive plastic deformation. Precise conditions are given, which greatly restrict the applicability of the 3f criterion.},
  subject      = {Einspielen <Werkstoff>},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Staat2005,
  author    = {Staat, Manfred},
  title     = {Local and global collapse pressure of longitudinally flawed pipes and cylindrical vessels},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Limit loads can be calculated with the finite element method (FEM) for any component, defect geometry, and loading. FEM suggests that published long crack limit formulae for axial defects under-estimate the burst pressure for internal surface defects in thick pipes while limit loads are not conservative for deep cracks and for pressure loaded crack-faces. Very deep cracks have a residual strength, which is modelled by a global collapse load. These observations are combined to derive new analytical local and global collapse loads. The global collapse loads are close to FEM limit analyses for all crack dimensions.},
  subject      = {Finite-Elemente-Methode},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Staat2001,
  author    = {Staat, Manfred},
  title     = {Cyclic plastic deformation tests to verify FEM-based shakedown analyses},
  year      = {2001},
  abstract  = {Fatigue analyses are conducted with the aim of verifying that thermal ratcheting is limited. To this end it is important to make a clear distintion between the shakedown range and the ratcheting range (continuing deformation). As part of an EU-supported research project, experiments were carried out using a 4-bar model. The experiment comprised a water-cooled internal tube, and three insulated heatable outer test bars. The system was subjected to alternating axial forces, superimposed with alternating temperatures at the outer bars. The test parameters were partly selected on the basis of previous shakedown analyses. During the test, temperatures and strains were measured as a function of time. The loads and the resulting stresses were confirmed on an ongoing basis during performance of the test, and after it. Different material models were applied for this incremental elasto-plastic analysis using the ANSYS program. The results of the simulation are used to verify the FEM-based shakedown analysis.},
  subject      = {Materialerm{\"u}dung},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Staat2004,
  author    = {Staat, Manfred},
  title     = {Plastic collapse analysis of longitudinally flawed pipes and vessels},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Improved collapse loads of thick-walled, crack containing pipes and vessels are suggested. Very deep cracks have a residual strength which is better modelled by a global limit load. In all burst tests, the ductility of pressure vessel steels was sufficiently high whereby the burst pressure could be predicted by limit analysis with no need to apply fracture mechanics. The relative prognosis error increases however, for long and deep defects due to uncertainties of geometry and strength data.},
  subject      = {Druckbeh{\"a}lter},
  language  = {en}
}