@inproceedings{FunkeBeckmannKeinzetal.2017,
  author    = {Funke, Harald and Beckmann, Nils and Keinz, Jan and Abanteriba, Sylvester},
  title     = {Numerical and Experimental Evaluation of a Dual-Fuel Dry-Low-NOx Micromix Combustor for Industrial Gas Turbine Applications},
  series = {Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. Volume 4B: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions. Charlotte, North Carolina, USA. June 26-30, 2017},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. Volume 4B: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions. Charlotte, North Carolina, USA. June 26-30, 2017},
  publisher = {ASME},
  address   = {New York},
  isbn      = {978-0-7918-5085-5},
  doi       = {10.1115/GT2017-64795},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {The Dry-Low-NOx (DLN) Micromix combustion technology has been developed originally as a low emission alternative for industrial gas turbine combustors fueled with hydrogen. Currently the ongoing research process targets flexible fuel operation with hydrogen and syngas fuel. The non-premixed combustion process features jet-in-crossflow-mixing of fuel and oxidizer and combustion through multiple miniaturized flames. The miniaturization of the flames leads to a significant reduction of NOx emissions due to the very short residence time of reactants in the flame. The paper presents the results of a numerical and experimental combustor test campaign. It is conducted as part of an integration study for a dual-fuel (H2 and H2/CO 90/10 Vol.\%) Micromix combustion chamber prototype for application under full scale, pressurized gas turbine conditions in the auxiliary power unit Honeywell Garrett GTCP 36-300. In the presented experimental studies, the integration-optimized dual-fuel Micromix combustor geometry is tested at atmospheric pressure over a range of gas turbine operating conditions with hydrogen and syngas fuel. The experimental investigations are supported by numerical combustion and flow simulations. For validation, the results of experimental exhaust gas analyses are applied. Despite the significantly differing fuel characteristics between pure hydrogen and hydrogen-rich syngas the evaluated dual-fuel Micromix prototype shows a significant low NOx performance and high combustion efficiency. The combustor features an increased energy density that benefits manufacturing complexity and costs.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{FunkeBeckmannStefanetal.2023,
  author    = {Funke, Harald and Beckmann, Nils and Stefan, Lukas and Keinz, Jan},
  title     = {Hydrogen combustor integration study for a medium range aircraft engine using the dry-low NOx "Micromix" combustion principle},
  series = {Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo 2023: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. Volume 1: Aircraft Engine. Boston, Massachusetts, USA. June 26-30, 2023},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo 2023: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. Volume 1: Aircraft Engine. Boston, Massachusetts, USA. June 26-30, 2023},
  publisher = {ASME},
  address   = {New York},
  isbn      = {978-0-7918-8693-9},
  doi       = {10.1115/GT2023-102370},
  pages     = {12 Seiten},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {The feasibility study presents results of a hydrogen combustor integration for a Medium-Range aircraft engine using the Dry-Low-NOₓ Micromix combustion principle. Based on a simplified Airbus A320-type flight mission, a thermodynamic performance model of a kerosene and a hydrogen-powered V2530-A5 engine is used to derive the thermodynamic combustor boundary conditions. A new combustor design using the Dry-Low NOx Micromix principle is investigated by slice model CFD simulations of a single Micromix injector for design and off-design operation of the engine. Combustion characteristics show typical Micromix flame shapes and good combustion efficiencies for all flight mission operating points. Nitric oxide emissions are significant below ICAO CAEP/8 limits. For comparison of the Emission Index (EI) for NOₓ emissions between kerosene and hydrogen operation, an energy (kerosene) equivalent Emission Index is used. A full 15° sector model CFD simulation of the combustion chamber with multiple Micromix injectors including inflow homogenization and dilution and cooling air flows investigates the combustor integration effects, resulting NOₓ emission and radial temperature distributions at the combustor outlet. The results show that the integration of a Micromix hydrogen combustor in actual aircraft engines is feasible and offers, besides CO₂ free combustion, a significant reduction of NOₓ emissions compared to kerosene operation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{FunkeBeckmann2019,
  author    = {Funke, Harald and Beckmann, Nils},
  title     = {Flexible Fuel Operation of a Dry-Low-Nox Micromix Combustor with Variable Hydrogen Methane Mixtures},
  series = {Proceedings of International Gas Turbine Congress 2019 Tokyo, November 17-22, 2019, Tokyo, Japan},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of International Gas Turbine Congress 2019 Tokyo, November 17-22, 2019, Tokyo, Japan},
  isbn      = {978-4-89111-010-9},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{FunkeBeckmannAbanteriba2019,
  author    = {Funke, Harald and Beckmann, Nils and Abanteriba, Sylvester},
  title     = {Development and Testing of a FuelFlex Dry-Low-NOx Micromix Combustor for Industrial Gas Turbine Applications With Variable Hydrogen Methane Mixtures},
  series = {ASME Turbo Expo 2019: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. June 17-21, 2019 Phoenix, Arizona, USA. Volume 4A: Combustion, Fuels, and Emissions},
  booktitle = {ASME Turbo Expo 2019: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. June 17-21, 2019 Phoenix, Arizona, USA. Volume 4A: Combustion, Fuels, and Emissions},
  isbn      = {978-0-7918-5861-5},
  doi       = {10.1115/GT2019-90095},
  pages     = {11 Seiten},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{FunkeBeckmannAbanteriba2017,
  author    = {Funke, Harald and Beckmann, Nils and Abanteriba, Sylvester},
  title     = {A comparison of complex chemistry mechanisms for hydrogen methane blends based on the Sandia / Sydney Bluff-Body Flame HM1},
  series = {Proceedings of the Eleventh Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion (ASPACC 2017), New South Wales, Australia, 10-14 December 2017},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Eleventh Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion (ASPACC 2017), New South Wales, Australia, 10-14 December 2017},
  isbn      = {978-1-5108-5646-2},
  pages     = {262 -- 265},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{FunkeBeckmannKeinzetal.2021,
  author    = {Funke, Harald and Beckmann, Nils and Keinz, Jan and Horikawa, Atsushi},
  title     = {30 years of dry low NOx micromix combustor research for hydrogen-rich fuels: an overview of past and present activities},
  series = {Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition, September 21-25, 2020, Virtual, Online. Vol.: 4B: Combustion, Fuels, and Emissions},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition, September 21-25, 2020, Virtual, Online. Vol.: 4B: Combustion, Fuels, and Emissions},
  publisher = {American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)},
  isbn      = {978-0-7918-8413-3},
  doi       = {10.1115/GT2020-16328},
  pages     = {14 Seiten},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}