@inproceedings{AnthrakidisRusackSchwarzer2010,
  author    = {Anthrakidis, Anette and Rusack, Markus and Schwarzer, Klemens},
  title     = {Low effort measurement method of PTC-efficiency},
  series = {SolarPACES 2010 : the CSP conference: electricity, fuels and clean water from concentrated solar energy ; 21 to 24 September 2010, Perpignan, France},
  booktitle = {SolarPACES 2010 : the CSP conference: electricity, fuels and clean water from concentrated solar energy ; 21 to 24 September 2010, Perpignan, France},
  publisher = {Soc. OSC},
  address   = {Saint Maur},
  pages     = {48 -- 49},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{VieiradaSilvaSchwarzerHoffschmidtetal.2013,
  author    = {Vieira da Silva, Maria Eugenia and Schwarzer, Klemens and Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Pinheiro Rodrigues, Frederico and Schwarzer, Tarik and Costa Rocha, Paulo Alexandre},
  title     = {Mass transfer correlation for evaporation-condensation thermal process in the range of 70 °C-95 °C},
  series = {Renewable energy},
  volume    = {Vol. 53},
  journal   = {Renewable energy},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1879-0682 (E-Journal); 0960-1481 (Print)},
  pages     = {174 -- 179},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{SchwarzerVieiraMuelleretal.2003,
  author    = {Schwarzer, Klemens and Vieira, Maria Eugenia and M{\"u}ller, Christoph and Lehmann, Harry and Coutinho, Lecimara},
  title     = {Modular solar thermal desalination system with flat plate collector},
  series = {RIO 3 - World Climate \& Energy Event : proceedings of the international conference held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1 -5 december 2003 / chief-ed.: Stefan Krauter ...},
  booktitle = {RIO 3 - World Climate \& Energy Event : proceedings of the international conference held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1 -5 december 2003 / chief-ed.: Stefan Krauter ...},
  publisher = {Krauter},
  address   = {Rio de Janeiro},
  isbn      = {85-902710-2-1},
  pages     = {281 -- 286},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{JerominSchwarzer2008,
  author    = {Jeromin, G{\"u}nter Erich and Schwarzer, Klemens},
  title     = {Neuer W{\"a}rmetr{\"a}ger f{\"u}r Solaranlagen : Offenlegungsschrift : DE 102007016738 A1 ; Offenlegungstag: 09.10.2008},
  publisher = {Deutsches Patent- und Markenamt},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  pages     = {8 S.},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{SchwarzerHafnerKrings1994,
  author    = {Schwarzer, Klemens and Hafner, B. and Krings, D.},
  title     = {Optimierung von solarthermischen Kochersystemen},
  series = {Energiewirtschaftliche Tagesfragen. 44 (1994), H. 9},
  journal   = {Energiewirtschaftliche Tagesfragen. 44 (1994), H. 9},
  isbn      = {0720-6240},
  pages     = {44 -- 46},
  year      = {1994},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{AnthrakidisHerrmannMirzaetal.2014,
  author    = {Anthrakidis, Anette and Herrmann, Ulf and Mirza, M. F. and Schorn, Christian and Schwarzer, Klemens and Wedding, Philipp and Weis, Fabian},
  title     = {Parabolrinnenentwicklung und Qualifizierung am Solar-Institut J{\"u}lich},
  series = {Thermische Solarenergie : 24. Symposium ; 7. bis 9. Mai 2014, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein},
  booktitle = {Thermische Solarenergie : 24. Symposium ; 7. bis 9. Mai 2014, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein},
  publisher = {OTTI},
  address   = {Regensburg},
  organization    = {Ostbayerisches Technologie-Transfer-Institut},
  isbn      = {978-3-943891-35-5},
  pages     = {242 -- 243},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{BackesFaberHafneretal.1998,
  author    = {Backes, Klaus and Faber, Christian and Hafner, Bernd and Schwarzer, Klemens},
  title     = {Parameteridentifikation an thermischen Speichern},
  series = {8. Symposium Thermische Solarenergie : Ort: Bildungszentrum der Hanns-Seidel-Stiftung, Kloster Banz, Staffelstein. Termin: 13. - 15. Mai 1998 / OTTI, Technologie-Kolleg},
  booktitle = {8. Symposium Thermische Solarenergie : Ort: Bildungszentrum der Hanns-Seidel-Stiftung, Kloster Banz, Staffelstein. Termin: 13. - 15. Mai 1998 / OTTI, Technologie-Kolleg},
  publisher = {OTTI},
  address   = {Regensburg},
  pages     = {293 -- 297},
  year      = {1998},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KhedimSchwarzerFaberetal.2004,
  author    = {Khedim, Ahmed and Schwarzer, Klemens and Faber, Christian and M{\"u}ller, Christoph},
  title     = {Production d{\´e}centralis{\´e}e de l'eau potable {\`a} l'{\´e}nergie solaire},
  series = {Desalination. 168 (2004), H. 1-3},
  journal   = {Desalination. 168 (2004), H. 1-3},
  isbn      = {0011-9164},
  pages     = {13 -- 20},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{KrokerHoffschmidtSchwarzeretal.2008,
  author    = {Kroker, Jan and Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Schwarzer, Klemens and Sp{\"a}te, Frank},
  title     = {PTC 1000 modular parabolic trough collector},
  series = {Process heat collectors : state of the art within task 33/IV ; IEA SHC-Task 33 and SolarPACES-Task IV: Solar heat for industrial processes : F{\"o}rderkennzeichen BMBF 0329273A / Solar Heating and Cooling Executive Committee of the International Energy Agency (IEA) ; ed. Werner Weiss},
  booktitle = {Process heat collectors : state of the art within task 33/IV ; IEA SHC-Task 33 and SolarPACES-Task IV: Solar heat for industrial processes : F{\"o}rderkennzeichen BMBF 0329273A / Solar Heating and Cooling Executive Committee of the International Energy Agency (IEA) ; ed. Werner Weiss},
  publisher = {AEE INTEC},
  address   = {Gleisdorf},
  pages     = {45 -- 46},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{Schwarzer1979,
  author    = {Schwarzer, Klemens},
  title     = {Radionuklidtransport im Boden. - Als Ms. gedr.},
  publisher = {Zentralbibliothek der Kernforschungsanlage J{\"u}lich},
  address   = {J{\"u}lich},
  pages     = {111 S. : 53 graph. Darst.},
  year      = {1979},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{SchwarzerMuellerKleineHering2004,
  author    = {Schwarzer, Klemens and M{\"u}ller, C. and Kleine-Hering, H.},
  title     = {Simple solar systems for heating, hot water and cooking in high altitude regions with high solar radiation / C. M{\"u}ller ; K. Schwarzer ; H. Kleine-Hering},
  series = {Proceedings / organised by: ISES Europe ... [Ed.: Deutsche Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Sonnenenergie e.V. - DGS, Munich ; PSE GmbH - Forschung Entwicklung Marketing, Freiburg]. - Vol 1},
  journal   = {Proceedings / organised by: ISES Europe ... [Ed.: Deutsche Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Sonnenenergie e.V. - DGS, Munich ; PSE GmbH - Forschung Entwicklung Marketing, Freiburg]. - Vol 1},
  publisher = {PSE},
  address   = {Freiburg [Breisgau]},
  isbn      = {3-9809656-1-9},
  pages     = {1-653-1-658},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{SchwarzerHafnerMeeretal.1993,
  author    = {Schwarzer, Klemens and Hafner, B. and Meer, A. von and Krings, T.},
  title     = {Simulation and dimensioning program for solar cookers with temporal heat storage and comparison with measurements},
  series = {Harmony with nature : : proceedings / ISES Solar World Congress, Budapest 1993. International Solar Energy Society, Hungarian Section (H-ISES); Hungarian Solar Energy Society (HSES). Bd 5: Active systems},
  booktitle = {Harmony with nature : : proceedings / ISES Solar World Congress, Budapest 1993. International Solar Energy Society, Hungarian Section (H-ISES); Hungarian Solar Energy Society (HSES). Bd 5: Active systems},
  publisher = {Hungarian Energy Society},
  address   = {Budapest},
  pages     = {473 -- 478},
  year      = {1993},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WemhoenerHafnerSchwarzer2000,
  author    = {Wemh{\"o}ner, Carsten and Hafner, Bernd and Schwarzer, Klemens},
  title     = {Simulation of solar thermal systems with CARNOT blockset in the environment MATLAB-Simulink},
  pages     = {1 -- 6},
  year      = {2000},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ElMoussaouiKassmiAlexopoulosetal.2021,
  author    = {El Moussaoui, Noureddine and Kassmi, Khalil and Alexopoulos, Spiros and Schwarzer, Klemens and Chayeb, Hamid and Bachiri, Najib},
  title     = {Simulation studies on a new innovative design of a hybrid solar distiller MSDH alimented with a thermal and photovoltaic energy},
  series = {Materialstoday: Proceedings},
  volume    = {45},
  booktitle = {Materialstoday: Proceedings},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {2214-7853},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.matpr.2021.03.115},
  pages     = {7653 -- 7660},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {In this paper, we present the structure, the simulation the operation of a multi-stage, hybrid solar desalination system (MSDH), powered by thermal and photovoltaic (PV) (MSDH) energy. The MSDH system consists of a lower basin, eight horizontal stages, a field of four flat thermal collectors with a total area of 8.4 m2, 3 Kw PV panels and solar batteries. During the day the system is heated by thermal energy, and at night by heating resistors, powered by solar batteries. These batteries are charged by the photovoltaic panels during the day. More specifically, during the day and at night, we analyse the temperature of the stages and the production of distilled water according to the solar irradiation intensity and the electric heating power, supplied by the solar batteries. The simulations were carried out in the meteorological conditions of the winter month (February 2020), presenting intensities of irradiance and ambient temperature reaching 824 W/m2 and 23 °C respectively. The results obtained show that during the day the system is heated by the thermal collectors, the temperature of the stages and the quantity of water produced reach 80 °C and 30 Kg respectively. At night, from 6p.m. the system is heated by the electric energy stored in the batteries, the temperature of the stages and the quantity of water produced reach respectively 90 °C and 104 Kg for an electric heating power of 2 Kw. Moreover, when the electric power varies from 1 Kw to 3 Kw the quantity of water produced varies from 92 Kg to 134 Kg. The analysis of these results and their comparison with conventional solar thermal desalination systems shows a clear improvement both in the heating of the stages, by 10\%, and in the quantity of water produced by a factor of 3.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchwarzerHafnerKrings1994,
  author    = {Schwarzer, Klemens and Hafner, B. and Krings, T.},
  title     = {Simulations- und Auslegungsprogramm f{\"u}r solare Kocher mit tempor{\"a}rem Speicher : Vergleich der Ergebnisse mit Messungen},
  series = {Energie f{\"u}r die Zukunft : 28. Juni bis 1. Juli 1994 ; [Tagungsbericht 2] / 9. Internationales Sonnenforum '94. [Hrsg. Deutsche Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Sonnenenergie e.V. - DGS. Red. A. Hohmann ; H. H. Hohmann]. - (Internationales Sonnenforum ; 9,2)},
  journal   = {Energie f{\"u}r die Zukunft : 28. Juni bis 1. Juli 1994 ; [Tagungsbericht 2] / 9. Internationales Sonnenforum '94. [Hrsg. Deutsche Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Sonnenenergie e.V. - DGS. Red. A. Hohmann ; H. H. Hohmann]. - (Internationales Sonnenforum ; 9,2)},
  publisher = {DGS-Sonnenenergie},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  pages     = {1422 -- 1427},
  year      = {1994},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{SchwarzerBiegerRickingetal.1991,
  author    = {Schwarzer, Klemens and Bieger, W. and Ricking, N. and Bansal, Narenda K.},
  title     = {Solar cooker with a rock bed cum oil storage},
  series = {1991 Solar World Congress : : proceedings of the Biennial Congress of the International Solar Energy Society, Denver, Colorado, USA, 19 - 23 August 1991 / ed. by M. E. Arden. Bd. 3,II},
  booktitle = {1991 Solar World Congress : : proceedings of the Biennial Congress of the International Solar Energy Society, Denver, Colorado, USA, 19 - 23 August 1991 / ed. by M. E. Arden. Bd. 3,II},
  publisher = {Pergamon Pr.},
  address   = {Oxford},
  isbn      = {0-08-041690-x},
  pages     = {3751 -- 3756},
  year      = {1991},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchwarzerSilva2003,
  author    = {Schwarzer, Klemens and Silva, Maria Eug{\^e}nia Vieira da},
  title     = {Solar cooking system with or without heat storage for families and institutions},
  series = {Solar energy. 75 (2003), H. 1},
  journal   = {Solar energy. 75 (2003), H. 1},
  isbn      = {0038-092x},
  pages     = {34 -- 41},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchwarzerSilvaFaberetal.2001,
  author    = {Schwarzer, Klemens and Silva, Maria Eug{\^e}nia Vieira da and Faber, Christian and M{\"u}ller, Christoph},
  title     = {Solar thermal desalination system with heat recovery},
  series = {Desalination. 137 (2001), H. 1-3},
  journal   = {Desalination. 137 (2001), H. 1-3},
  isbn      = {0011-9164},
  pages     = {23 -- 29},
  year      = {2001},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchwarzerMuellerMertes2004,
  author    = {Schwarzer, Klemens and M{\"u}ller, C. and Mertes, C.},
  title     = {Solar thermal desalination systems with multi-layer heat recovery / C. M{\"u}ller ; K. Schwarzer ; C. Mertes ...},
  series = {Proceedings / organised by: ISES Europe ... [Ed.: Deutsche Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Sonnenenergie e.V. - DGS, Munich ; PSE GmbH - Forschung Entwicklung Marketing, Freiburg]. - Vol 1},
  journal   = {Proceedings / organised by: ISES Europe ... [Ed.: Deutsche Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Sonnenenergie e.V. - DGS, Munich ; PSE GmbH - Forschung Entwicklung Marketing, Freiburg]. - Vol 1},
  publisher = {PSE},
  address   = {Freiburg [Breisgau]},
  isbn      = {3-9809656-1-9},
  pages     = {1-647-1-652},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GoettscheGabryschDelahayeetal.2002,
  author    = {G{\"o}ttsche, Joachim and Gabrysch, K. and Delahaye, A. and Schwarzer, Klemens},
  title     = {Solar-Campus Juelich - Energy performance and indoor climate},
  series = {AIVC 23rd conference - EPIC 2002 AIVC (in conjunction with 3rd European Conference on Energy Performance and Indoor Climate in Buildings) - 23-26 October 2002 - Lyon - France - vol 2},
  journal   = {AIVC 23rd conference - EPIC 2002 AIVC (in conjunction with 3rd European Conference on Energy Performance and Indoor Climate in Buildings) - 23-26 October 2002 - Lyon - France - vol 2},
  pages     = {381 -- 386},
  year      = {2002},
  language  = {en}
}