@article{WilbringEnningPfaffetal.2020,
  author    = {Wilbring, Daniela and Enning, Manfred and Pfaff, Raphael and Schmidt, Bernd},
  title     = {Neue Perspektiven f{\"u}r die Bahn in der Produktions- und Distributionslogistik durch Prozessautomation},
  series = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  volume    = {69},
  journal   = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  number    = {3},
  issn      = {0013-2845},
  pages     = {15 -- 19},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Pfaff2017,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {Einsatz von offenen Onlinekursen in der Eisenbahnlehre},
  series = {Deine Bahn},
  journal   = {Deine Bahn},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Bahn-Fachverlag},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {0948-7263},
  pages     = {12 -- 16},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Eigene positive Erfahrungen mit Onlinekursen sowie die geringen Studierendenzahlen in der Pr{\"a}senzlehre gaben den Anstoß zu einem Experiment mit einem offenen Onlinekurs auf der Plattform Udemy. Die Erfahrungen sowohl bei der Erstellung und als auch im Lehrbetrieb waren positiv und f{\"u}hrten zu einer neuen Besch{\"a}ftigung mit Inhalten und Lernenden, getrieben durch die Anforderungen der Lernplattform.},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{MoshiriKahakPfaffGaebeletal.2017,
  author    = {Moshiri-Kahak, Amir and Pfaff, Raphael and G{\"a}bel, Markus and Reich, Alexander},
  title     = {Modellierung der Adh{\"a}sionsfl{\"a}che im Rad-Schiene-Kontakt unter Einsatz von reibwertverbessernden Mitteln},
  series = {15. Internationale Schienenfahrzeugtagung Rad Schiene 2017, Dresden, M{\"a}rz 2017},
  booktitle = {15. Internationale Schienenfahrzeugtagung Rad Schiene 2017, Dresden, M{\"a}rz 2017},
  pages     = {3 Seiten},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{PfaffSchmidtEnning2017,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Schmidt, B. D. and Enning, Manfred},
  title     = {Towards inclusion of the freight rail system in the industrial internet of things - Wagon 4.0},
  series = {Stephenson Conference, London, March 2017},
  booktitle = {Stephenson Conference, London, March 2017},
  pages     = {1 -- 10},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Pfaff2017,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {Apps f{\"u}r den G{\"u}terwagen? Wie der G{\"u}terwagen 4.0 die effiziente Integration der G{\"u}terbahn in ERTMS erm{\"o}glicht},
  series = {Ingenieurspiegel},
  journal   = {Ingenieurspiegel},
  number    = {2},
  pages     = {1 -- 2},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{PfaffMoshiriReichetal.2017,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Moshiri, Amir and Reich, Alexander and G{\"a}bel, Markus},
  title     = {Modelling of the effect of sanding on the wheel-rail adhesion area},
  series = {First International Conference on Rail Transportation},
  booktitle = {First International Conference on Rail Transportation},
  pages     = {1 -- 7},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ShahidiPfaffEnning2017,
  author    = {Shahidi, Parham and Pfaff, Raphael and Enning, Manfred},
  title     = {The connected wagon - a concept for the integration of vehicle side sensors and actors with cyber physical representation for condition based maintenance},
  series = {First International Conference on Rail Transportation},
  booktitle = {First International Conference on Rail Transportation},
  pages     = {1 -- 8},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{PfaffShahidiEnning2017,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Shahidi, Parham and Enning, Manfred},
  title     = {Connected freight rail rolling stock: a modular approach integrating sensors, actors and cyber physical systems for operational advantages and condition based maintenance},
  series = {Asia-Pacific Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society},
  booktitle = {Asia-Pacific Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society},
  pages     = {1 -- 7},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Pfaff2017,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {Analysis of Big Data Streams to obtain Braking Reliability Information for Train Protection systems},
  series = {Asia-Pacific Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society},
  booktitle = {Asia-Pacific Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society},
  pages     = {1 -- 7},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PfaffGidaszewskiSchmidt2020,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Gidaszewski, Lars and Schmidt, Bernd},
  title     = {Ber{\"u}cksichtigung von No Fault Found im Diagnose- und Instandhaltungssystem von Schienenfahrzeugen},
  series = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  journal   = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {DVV Media Group},
  address   = {Hamburg},
  issn      = {0013-2845},
  pages     = {56 -- 59},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Intermittierende und nicht reproduzierbare Fehler, auch als No Fault Found bezeichnet, treten in praktisch allen Bereichen auf und sorgen f{\"u}r hohe Kosten. Diese sind h{\"a}ufig auf unpr{\"a}zise Fehlerbeschreibungen zur{\"u}ckzuf{\"u}hren. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden Anpassungen der Vorgehensweise bei der Entwicklung und Anpassungen des Diagnosesystems vorgeschlagen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{PfaffEnningSutter2022,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Enning, Manfred and Sutter, Stefan},
  title     = {A risk‑based approach to automatic brake tests for rail freight service: incident analysis and realisation concept},
  series = {SN Applied Sciences},
  volume    = {4},
  journal   = {SN Applied Sciences},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Cham},
  issn      = {2523-3971},
  doi       = {10.1007/s42452-022-05007-x},
  pages     = {1 -- 14},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {This study reviews the practice of brake tests in freight railways, which is time consuming and not suitable to detect certain failure types. Public incident reports are analysed to derive a reasonable brake test hardware and communication architecture, which aims to provide automatic brake tests at lower cost than current solutions. The proposed solutions relies exclusively on brake pipe and brake cylinder pressure sensors, a brake release position switch as well as radio communication via standard protocols. The approach is embedded in the Wagon 4.0 concept, which is a holistic approach to a smart freight wagon. The reduction of manual processes yields a strong incentive due to high savings in manual labour and increased productivity.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EnningPfaff2017,
  author    = {Enning, Manfred and Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {G{\"u}terwagen 4.0 - Der G{\"u}terwagen f{\"u}r das Internet der Dinge. Teil 1: Gesamtsystembetrachtung und grundlegendes Konzept},
  series = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  volume    = {66},
  journal   = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  number    = {1/2},
  publisher = {DVV Media Group},
  address   = {Hamburg},
  issn      = {0013-2845},
  pages     = {12 -- 16},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{PfaffBabilon2023,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Babilon, Katharina},
  title     = {Railway Challenge - moderne Auflage der Rainhill Trials?},
  series = {Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau : ETR ; Impulsgeber f{\"u}r das System Bahn},
  volume    = {2023},
  journal   = {Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau : ETR ; Impulsgeber f{\"u}r das System Bahn},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {DVV Media Group},
  address   = {Hamburg},
  issn      = {0013-2845},
  pages     = {55 -- 58},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Die IMechE Railway Challenge wird j{\"a}hrlich in Stapleford, Großbritannien ausgetragen. Im Rahmen der Challenge entwickeln und bauen Studierende eine Lokomotive und vergleichen sich in verschiedenen Disziplinen, darunter eine automatisierte Zielbremsung, optimale Energier{\"u}ckgewinnung beim Bremsen und minimale Ger{\"a}uschemissionen. Neben diesen und weiteren technischen Wettbewerbsdisziplinen treten die Fahrzeuge und die Teams auch in nicht-technischen Disziplinen wie einer Business Case Challenge an.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Pfaff2023,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {Braking distance prediction for vehicle consist in low-speed on-sight operation: a Monte Carlo approach},
  series = {Railway Engineering Science},
  volume    = {31},
  journal   = {Railway Engineering Science},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {SpringerOpen},
  issn      = {2662-4753 (eISSN)},
  doi       = {10.1007/s40534-023-00303-7},
  pages     = {135 -- 144},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {The first and last mile of a railway journey, in both freight and transit applications, constitutes a high effort and is either non-productive (e.g. in the case of depot operations) or highly inefficient (e.g. in industrial railways). These parts are typically managed on-sight, i.e. with no signalling and train protection systems ensuring the freedom of movement. This is possible due to the rather short braking distances of individual vehicles and shunting consists. The present article analyses the braking behaviour of such shunting units. For this purpose, a dedicated model is developed. It is calibrated on published results of brake tests and validated against a high-definition model for low-speed applications. Based on this model, multiple simulations are executed to obtain a Monte Carlo simulation of the resulting braking distances. Based on the distribution properties and established safety levels, the risk of exceeding certain braking distances is evaluated and maximum braking distances are derived. Together with certain parameters of the system, these can serve in the design and safety assessment of driver assistance systems and automation of these processes.},
  language  = {en}
}