@incollection{AltayTaddeiButenwegetal.2014,
  author    = {Altay, Okyay and Taddei, Francesca and Butenweg, Christoph and Klinkel, Sven},
  title     = {Vibration mitigation of wind turbine towers with tuned mass dampers},
  series = {Wind turbine control and monitoring. (Advances in industrial control)},
  booktitle = {Wind turbine control and monitoring. (Advances in industrial control)},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Cham ; Heidelberg ; New York ; Dordrecht ; London},
  isbn      = {978-3-319-08412-1 (Print) ; 978-3-319-08413-8 (E-Book)},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-319-08413-8_12},
  pages     = {337 -- 373},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Because of its minor environmental impact, electricity generation using wind power is getting remarkable. The further growth of the wind industry depends on technological solutions to the challenges in production and construction of the turbines. Wind turbine tower vibrations, which limit power generation efficiency and cause fatigue problems with high maintenance costs, count as one of the main structural difficulties in the wind energy sector. To mitigate tower vibrations auxiliary measures are necessary. The effectiveness of tuned mass damper is verified by means of a numeric study on a 5 MW onshore reference wind turbine. Hereby, also seismic-induced vibrations and soil-structure interaction are considered. Acquired results show that tuned mass damper can effectively reduce resonant tower vibrations and improve the fatigue life of wind turbines. This chapter is also concerned with tuned liquid column damper and a semiactive application of it. Due to its geometric versatility and low prime costs, tuned liquid column dampers are a good alternative to other damping measures, in particular for slender structures like wind turbines.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{AugensteinGuerzenichKuperjansetal.2004,
  author    = {Augenstein, Eckardt and G{\"u}rzenich, D. and Kuperjans, Isabel and Wrobel, G.},
  title     = {TOP-Energy : softwaregest{\"u}tzte Analyse und Optimierung industrieller Energieversorgungssysteme},
  series = {Entwicklungslinien der Energietechnik 2004},
  booktitle = {Entwicklungslinien der Energietechnik 2004},
  edition   = {CD-ROM-Ausg.},
  publisher = {VDI},
  address   = {D{\"u}sseldorf},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{AydinDoerenKuepper1996,
  author    = {Aydin, I. and D{\"o}ren, Horst-Peter and K{\"u}pper, H.},
  title     = {Plasma-Auftragschweißen mit Wolframschmelzkarbid-haltigen Metallpulvern und ihre Einsatzgebiete},
  series = {Thermische Spritzkonferenz = Thermal Spraying Conference. Erich Lugscheider [Hrsg.] DVS-Berichte 175},
  booktitle = {Thermische Spritzkonferenz = Thermal Spraying Conference. Erich Lugscheider [Hrsg.] DVS-Berichte 175},
  publisher = {DVS-Verlag},
  address   = {D{\"u}sseldorf},
  isbn      = {3-87155-480-4},
  pages     = {137 -- 142},
  year      = {1996},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{BaierBraunerBrillowskietal.2023,
  author    = {Baier, Ralph and Brauner, Philipp and Brillowski, Florian and Dammers, Hannah and Liehner, Luca and P{\"u}tz, Sebastian and Schneider, Sebastian and Schollemann, Alexander and Steuer-Dankert, Linda and Vervier, Luisa and Gries, Thomas and Leicht-Scholten, Carmen and Mertens, Alexander and Nagel, Saskia K. and Schuh, G{\"u}nther and Ziefle, Martina and Nitsch, Verena},
  title     = {Human-centered work design for the internet of production},
  series = {Internet of production - fundamentals, applications and proceedings},
  booktitle = {Internet of production - fundamentals, applications and proceedings},
  editor    = {Brecher, Christian and Schuh, G{\"u}nther and van der Alst, Wil and Jarke, Matthias and Piller, Frank T. and Padberg, Melanie},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-030-98062-7},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-030-98062-7_19-1},
  pages     = {1 -- 23},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Like all preceding transformations of the manufacturing industry, the large-scale usage of production data will reshape the role of humans within the sociotechnical production ecosystem. To ensure that this transformation creates work systems in which employees are empowered, productive, healthy, and motivated, the transformation must be guided by principles of and research on human-centered work design. Specifically, measures must be taken at all levels of work design, ranging from (1) the work tasks to (2) the working conditions to (3) the organizational level and (4) the supra-organizational level. We present selected research across all four levels that showcase the opportunities and requirements that surface when striving for human-centered work design for the Internet of Production (IoP). (1) On the work task level, we illustrate the user-centered design of human-robot collaboration (HRC) and process planning in the composite industry as well as user-centered design factors for cognitive assistance systems. (2) On the working conditions level, we present a newly developed framework for the classification of HRC workplaces. (3) Moving to the organizational level, we show how corporate data can be used to facilitate best practice sharing in production networks, and we discuss the implications of the IoP for new leadership models. Finally, (4) on the supra-organizational level, we examine overarching ethical dimensions, investigating, e.g., how the new work contexts affect our understanding of responsibility and normative values such as autonomy and privacy. Overall, these interdisciplinary research perspectives highlight the importance and necessary scope of considering the human factor in the IoP.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{BechstedtBergHackeretal.1995,
  author    = {Bechstedt, U. and Berg, Georg P. A. and Hacker, U. and Hardt, Arno and H{\"u}rlimann, W. and Maier, R. and Martin, S. and Meissburger, J. and R{\"o}mer, J. G. M. and Possen, P. von and Sagefka, T.},
  title     = {BIG KARL and COSY},
  series = {The art and science of magnet design. A Festschrift in honor of Klaus Halbach. Vol. 1},
  booktitle = {The art and science of magnet design. A Festschrift in honor of Klaus Halbach. Vol. 1},
  publisher = {Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. of California},
  address   = {Berkeley, CA.},
  pages     = {19 -- 28},
  year      = {1995},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Borchert1997,
  author    = {Borchert, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Der Elektrizit{\"a}tsmarkt in Indonesien und Beteiligungsm{\"o}glichkeiten privater Unternehmen},
  series = {Investitionsf{\"u}hrer ASEAN, Indochina, 1997 : Brunei, Indonesien, Kambodscha, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippinen, Singapur, Thailand, Vietnam},
  booktitle = {Investitionsf{\"u}hrer ASEAN, Indochina, 1997 : Brunei, Indonesien, Kambodscha, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippinen, Singapur, Thailand, Vietnam},
  edition   = {Stand: Mai 1997},
  publisher = {Berliner Bank AG},
  address   = {Berlin},
  pages     = {42 -- 52},
  year      = {1997},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Borchert2012,
  author    = {Borchert, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Aufbau von Handelseinheiten},
  series = {Energiehandel in Europa},
  booktitle = {Energiehandel in Europa},
  editor    = {Zenke, Ines},
  edition   = {3. Aufl.},
  publisher = {Beck},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  isbn      = {978-3-406-63237-2},
  pages     = {467 -- 479},
  year      = {2012},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Borchert2008,
  author    = {Borchert, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Risikomanagement in der Energiewirtschaft : Eine Risikoanalyse der elektrizit{\"a}tswirtschaftlichen Wertsch{\"o}pfungskette},
  series = {Rechtliche Grundlagen des Risikomanagements : Haftungs- und Strafvermeidung f{\"u}r Corporate Complience},
  booktitle = {Rechtliche Grundlagen des Risikomanagements : Haftungs- und Strafvermeidung f{\"u}r Corporate Complience},
  editor    = {Romeike, Frank},
  publisher = {Erich Schmidt},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-350-310647-9},
  pages     = {231 -- 270},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{BorchertBremen2014,
  author    = {Borchert, J{\"o}rg and Bremen, Frank},
  title     = {Gesch{\"a}fts- und Organisationsmodelle f{\"u}r ein Strom- und Gas-Portfoliomanagement},
  series = {Optimierte Strom- und Gasbeschaffung in der Energiewirtschaftsbranche},
  booktitle = {Optimierte Strom- und Gasbeschaffung in der Energiewirtschaftsbranche},
  publisher = {KS-Energy-Verl.},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-9813142-9-8},
  pages     = {11 -- 28},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{BorchertHeimannSchemm2011,
  author    = {Borchert, J{\"o}rg and Heimann, Thorsten and Schemm, Ralf},
  title     = {Speicheroptimierung},
  series = {Gashandel und Gasbeschaffung},
  booktitle = {Gashandel und Gasbeschaffung},
  publisher = {Euroforum Verl.},
  address   = {D{\"u}sseldorf},
  publisher      = {Fachhochschule Aachen},
  pages     = {1 -- 69},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {In dieser Lektion wurden beginnend mit der Darstellung des fundamentalen Wandels des Gasmarktes die daraus folgenden Implikationen f{\"u}r die Einsatzweise von Gasspeichern abgeleitet. Anschließend wurden zwei Bewertungs- und Steuerungsverfahren f{\"u}r einen Gasspeicher an den beiden Marktstufen Termin- und Spotmarkt methodisch vorgestellt und anhand von Beispielrechnungen illustriert. Das Verfahren zur Bewertung und Steuerung im Terminmarkt stellt ein sehr robustes und methodisch einfaches Verfahren dar. Hierbei wird die Saisonalit{\"a}t der Forwardkurve bzw. deren Ver{\"a}nderungen arbitragefrei mithilfe des Speichers ausgenutzt. Dieses Verfahren kann nicht den gesamten Zeitwert des Speichers ausweisen. Es zieht in jedem Zeitpunkt nur die aktuellen Informationen der Forwardkurve zur Entscheidung heran. Es bildet aber keine bedingte Erwartung {\"u}ber zuk{\"u}nftige Ertr{\"a}ge und deren Beeinflussung durch die aktuelle Speicherfahrweise, um hieraus eine optimale Entscheidung zu formulieren. Bei der Bewertung gegen{\"u}ber dem Spotmarkt mithilfe der Least-Squares-Monte- Carlo-Simulation wird in einer stochastischen Optimierung dagegen der volle Zeitwert des Speichers und damit der gesamte Zusatznutzen der Flexibilit{\"a}t ermittelt. Hierdurch leiten sich auch wesentlich andere Hedging-Empfehlungen als im ersten Verfahren ab, um diesen zu sichern. Der Einsatz der beiden Verfahren im Alltag zur Bewirtschaftung des Speichers h{\"a}ngt insbesondere vom Know-how, den Speicherparametern und der Risikobereitschaft des Handels ab. Beide Strategien liefern hierzu Hedging-Empfehlungen ab, mit welchem der zugrunde liegende Wert gesichert werden kann. Risikoaverse H{\"a}ndler, die einen Großteil des inneren Wertes sichern wollen, k{\"o}nnten im Terminmarkt einen Großteil des Speichers mithilfe des „Intrinsic Rolling"-Verfahrens bewirtschaften. Sie w{\"u}rden hierdurch den saisonalen Spread in der Forwardkurve rollierend sichern. Gleichzeitig kann ein kleinerer Anteil mithilfe der stochastischen Optimierung und den damit verbundenen Aus{\"u}bungsgrenzen gegen{\"u}ber dem Spotmarkt bewirtschaftet werden. In einem liquiden vollst{\"a}ndigen Markt wird eine Steuerung des Speichers allein gegen{\"u}ber den vorhandenen Marktstufen vorgenommen und der Wert f{\"u}r alle Marktteilnehmer objektiv messbar. F{\"u}r den Fall, dass der Markt illiquide ist und hierdurch z. B. eine Kundenlast nicht allein am Termin- und Spotmarkt jederzeit gedeckt werden kann, erscheint es notwendig, den Speicher im Kontext einer Portfoliooptimierung zu bewerten. Dies wird in der n{\"a}chsten Lektion vorgenommen. Hierbei ist aber zu beachten, dass der Speicher dadurch eine individualisierte Wertkomponente erh{\"a}lt, die von der konkreten Ausgestaltung des jeweiligen Portfolios abh{\"a}ngt.},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{BorchertHintze2009,
  author    = {Borchert, J{\"o}rg and Hintze, D.},
  title     = {Der Aufbau von Handelseinheiten},
  series = {Energiehandel in Europa},
  booktitle = {Energiehandel in Europa},
  editor    = {Zenke, Ines},
  edition   = {2. Aufl.},
  publisher = {Beck},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  isbn      = {978-3-406-58373-5},
  pages     = {393 -- 410},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{BorchertLintzel2012,
  author    = {Borchert, J{\"o}rg and Lintzel, P.},
  title     = {Risiken des Handels},
  series = {Energiehandel in Europa},
  booktitle = {Energiehandel in Europa},
  editor    = {Zenke, Ines},
  edition   = {3. Aufl.},
  publisher = {Beck},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  isbn      = {978-3-9813142-9-8},
  pages     = {303 -- 312},
  year      = {2012},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{BorchertMichels2012,
  author    = {Borchert, J{\"o}rg and Michels, A.},
  title     = {Beschaffungsstrategien an der Schnittstelle Energiehandel / Vertrieb},
  series = {Energiehandel in Europa},
  booktitle = {Energiehandel in Europa},
  editor    = {Zenke, ines},
  edition   = {3. Aufl.},
  publisher = {Beck},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  isbn      = {978-3-406-63237-2},
  pages     = {508 -- 522},
  year      = {2012},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{BorchertRothe2016,
  author    = {Borchert, J{\"o}rg and Rothe, Sebastian},
  title     = {Energiemanagement und Versorgung von Chemieparks - Ein Ansatz zur wertsch{\"o}pfungsgetriebenen Risikosteuerung},
  series = {Chemiestandorte : Markt, Herausforderungen und Gesch{\"a}ftsmodelle},
  booktitle = {Chemiestandorte : Markt, Herausforderungen und Gesch{\"a}ftsmodelle},
  editor    = {Suntrop, Carsten},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  isbn      = {978-3-527-33441-4},
  pages     = {193 -- 210},
  year      = {2016},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{BorchertSchemmLintzel2005,
  author    = {Borchert, J{\"o}rg and Schemm, R. and Lintzel, P.},
  title     = {Risiken des Handelsgesch{\"a}ftes},
  series = {Energiehandel in Europa},
  booktitle = {Energiehandel in Europa},
  editor    = {Zenke, Ines},
  publisher = {Beck},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  isbn      = {3-406-52443-5},
  pages     = {218 -- 235},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{BorchertTenbrake2020,
  author    = {Borchert, J{\"o}rg and Tenbrake, Andre},
  title     = {Bewirtschaftung von Flexibilit{\"a}t {\"u}ber Microservices eines Plattformanbieters},
  series = {Realisierung Utility 4.0 Band 1},
  booktitle = {Realisierung Utility 4.0 Band 1},
  publisher = {Springer Vieweg},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-658-25332-5},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-658-25332-5_37},
  pages     = {615 -- 626},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Die Energiewirtschaft befindet sich in einem starken Wandel, der v. a. durch die Energiewende und Digitalisierung Druck auf s{\"a}mtliche Marktteilnehmer aus{\"u}bt. Das klassische Gesch{\"a}ftsmodell des Energieversorgungsunternehmens ver{\"a}ndert sich dabei grundlegend. Der kontinuierlich ansteigende Einsatz dezentraler und volatiler Erzeugungsanlagen macht die Identifikation von Flexibilit{\"a}tspotenzialen notwendig, um weiterhin eine hohe Versorgungssicherheit zu gew{\"a}hrleisten. Dieser Schritt ist nur mit einem hohen Digitalisierungsgrad m{\"o}glich. Eine funktionale Plattform mit Microservices, die zu Gesch{\"a}ftsprozessen verbunden werden k{\"o}nnen, wird als M{\"o}glichkeit zur Aktivierung der Flexibilit{\"a}t und Digitalisierung der Energieversorgungsunternehmen im Folgenden vorgestellt.},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{BouvyKuperjans2004,
  author    = {Bouvy, C. and Kuperjans, Isabel},
  title     = {Mikro-Gasturbinen : eine neue Technologie zur Kraft-W{\"a}rme-Kopplung in kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen},
  series = {Entwicklungslinien der Energietechnik 2004},
  booktitle = {Entwicklungslinien der Energietechnik 2004},
  edition   = {CD-ROM-Ausg.},
  publisher = {VDI-Verlag},
  address   = {D{\"u}sseldorf},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{BraunerVervierBrillowskietal.2022,
  author    = {Brauner, Philipp and Vervier, Luisa and Brillowski, Florian and Dammers, Hannah and Steuer-Dankert, Linda and Schneider, Sebastian and Baier, Ralph and Ziefle, Martina and Gries, Thomas and Leicht-Scholten, Carmen and Mertens, Alexander and Nagel, Saskia K.},
  title     = {Organization Routines in Next Generation Manufacturing},
  series = {Forecasting Next Generation Manufacturing},
  booktitle = {Forecasting Next Generation Manufacturing},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-031-07734-0},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-031-07734-0_5},
  pages     = {75 -- 94},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Next Generation Manufacturing promises significant improvements in performance, productivity, and value creation. In addition to the desired and projected improvements regarding the planning, production, and usage cycles of products, this digital transformation will have a huge impact on work, workers, and workplace design. Given the high uncertainty in the likelihood of occurrence and the technical, economic, and societal impacts of these changes, we conducted a technology foresight study, in the form of a real-time Delphi analysis, to derive reliable future scenarios featuring the next generation of manufacturing systems. This chapter presents the organization dimension and describes each projection in detail, offering current case study examples and discussing related research, as well as implications for policy makers and firms. Specifically, we highlight seven areas in which the digital transformation of production will change how we work, how we organize the work within a company, how we evaluate these changes, and how employment and labor rights will be affected across company boundaries. The experts are unsure whether the use of collaborative robots in factories will replace traditional robots by 2030. They believe that the use of hybrid intelligence will supplement human decision-making processes in production environments. Furthermore, they predict that artificial intelligence will lead to changes in management processes, leadership, and the elimination of hierarchies. However, to ensure that social and normative aspects are incorporated into the AI algorithms, restricting measurement of individual performance will be necessary. Additionally, AI-based decision support can significantly contribute toward new, socially accepted modes of leadership. Finally, the experts believe that there will be a reduction in the workforce by the year 2030.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Butenweg2017,
  author    = {Butenweg, Christoph},
  title     = {Passt, wackelt und hat Luft: Mauerwerksbauten aus Leichtbeton in Erdbebengebieten},
  series = {Beton-Bauteile, 65. Ausgabe (2017): Entwerfen - Planen - Ausf{\"u}hren},
  booktitle = {Beton-Bauteile, 65. Ausgabe (2017): Entwerfen - Planen - Ausf{\"u}hren},
  publisher = {Bauverl.},
  address   = {G{\"u}tersloh},
  isbn      = {978-3-7625-3676-5},
  pages     = {136 -- 140},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{ButenwegBollenbeck2003,
  author    = {Butenweg, Christoph and Bollenbeck, S.},
  title     = {Mauerwerksbauten},
  series = {Bauwerke und Erdbeben / Konstantin Meskouris ; Klaus-G. Hinzen},
  booktitle = {Bauwerke und Erdbeben / Konstantin Meskouris ; Klaus-G. Hinzen},
  publisher = {Vieweg + Teubner},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {3-528-02574-3 (Print) ; 978-3-322-96831-9 (E-Book)},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-322-96831-9_7},
  pages     = {385 -- 397},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{ButenwegBollenbeck2003,
  author    = {Butenweg, Christoph and Bollenbeck, S.},
  title     = {Mauerwerksbauten unter Erdbebenbelastung},
  series = {Bauwerke und Erdbeben},
  booktitle = {Bauwerke und Erdbeben},
  publisher = {Vieweg},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {3-528-02574-3},
  pages     = {385 -- 397},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{ButenwegEbenau1996,
  author    = {Butenweg, Christoph and Ebenau, C.},
  title     = {Entwicklung eines objekt-orientierten FE-Programms},
  series = {Forum Bauinformatik - Junge Wissenschaftler forschen, Cottbus '96},
  booktitle = {Forum Bauinformatik - Junge Wissenschaftler forschen, Cottbus '96},
  publisher = {VDI-Verlag},
  address   = {D{\"u}sseldorf},
  isbn      = {978-3-18-313504-2},
  pages     = {60 -- 65},
  year      = {1996},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{ButenwegGellert2007,
  author    = {Butenweg, Christoph and Gellert, Christoph},
  title     = {Berechnung und Bemessung von durch Erdbeben beanspruchten Mauerwerksbauten nach DIN 4149 (04.2005)},
  series = {Mauerwerksbau-Praxis / Schubert ; Schneider ; Schoch (Hrsg.)},
  booktitle = {Mauerwerksbau-Praxis / Schubert ; Schneider ; Schoch (Hrsg.)},
  publisher = {Werner Verlag},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {3-9343-6938-3 ; 978-3-9343-6938-2},
  pages     = {363 -- 393},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{ButenwegGellert2009,
  author    = {Butenweg, Christoph and Gellert, Christoph},
  title     = {Erdbebenberechnung von Mauerwerksbauten nach DIN EN 1998-1 (12.2010)},
  series = {Mauerwerksbau-Praxis / Schubert; Schneider; Schoch (Hrsg.)},
  booktitle = {Mauerwerksbau-Praxis / Schubert; Schneider; Schoch (Hrsg.)},
  publisher = {Bauwerk},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-89932-217-0},
  pages     = {299 -- 343},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{ButenwegGellertMeyer2010,
  author    = {Butenweg, Christoph and Gellert, Christoph and Meyer, Udo},
  title     = {Erdbebenbemessung bei Mauerwerksbauten},
  series = {Mauerwerk-Kalender 2010: Normen f{\"u}r Bemessung und Ausf{\"u}hrung},
  booktitle = {Mauerwerk-Kalender 2010: Normen f{\"u}r Bemessung und Ausf{\"u}hrung},
  publisher = {Ernst \& Sohn},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {3-433-60040-6 ; 978-3-433-60040-5},
  doi       = {10.1002/9783433600405.ch7},
  pages     = {141 -- 167},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{ButenwegGellertMeyer2021,
  author    = {Butenweg, Christoph and Gellert, Christoph and Meyer, Udo},
  title     = {Erdbebenbemessung bei Mauerwerksbauten},
  series = {Mauerwerk Kalender 2021: Kunststoffverankerungen Digitalisierung im Mauerwerksbau},
  booktitle = {Mauerwerk Kalender 2021: Kunststoffverankerungen Digitalisierung im Mauerwerksbau},
  publisher = {Ernst \& Sohn},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {9783433032930},
  doi       = {10.1002/9783433610732.ch12},
  pages     = {329 -- 355},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt den seismischen Nachweis von Mauerwerksbauten in Deutschland auf Grundlage der DIN EN 1998-1/NA vor, wobei auch die wesentlichen {\"A}nderungen zu der Norm DIN 4149 vergleichend erl{\"a}utert werden. Vorgestellt werden die Definition der Erdbebeneinwirkung, das seismische Verhalten von Mauerwerksbauten und die Erl{\"a}uterung der Rechenverfahren. Darauf aufbauend wird die Anwendung an drei Praxisbeispielen demonstriert.},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{ButenwegHoltschoppen2019,
  author    = {Butenweg, Christoph and Holtschoppen, Britta},
  title     = {Seismic design of structures and components in industrial units},
  series = {Structural Dynamics with Applications in Earthquake and Wind Engineering},
  booktitle = {Structural Dynamics with Applications in Earthquake and Wind Engineering},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-662-57550-5},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-662-57550-5_5},
  pages     = {359 -- 481},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Industrial units consist of the primary load-carrying structure and various process engineering components, the latter being by far the most important in financial terms. In addition, supply structures such as free-standing tanks and silos are usually required for each plant to ensure the supply of material and product storage. Thus, for the earthquake-proof design of industrial plants, design and construction rules are required for the primary structures, the secondary structures and the supply structures. Within the framework of these rules, possible interactions of primary and secondary structures must also be taken into account. Importance factors are used in seismic design in order to take into account the usually higher risk potential of an industrial unit compared to conventional building structures. Industrial facilities must be able to withstand seismic actions because of possibly wide-ranging damage consequences in addition to losses due to production standstill and the destruction of valuable equipment. The chapter presents an integrated concept for the seismic design of industrial units based on current seismic standards and the latest research results. Special attention is devoted to the seismic design of steel thin-walled silos and tank structures.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{ButenwegKlinkel2014,
  author    = {Butenweg, Christoph and Klinkel, Sven},
  title     = {Dynamisches Verhalten von Stahlbetonplatten unter Impact-Belastungen},
  series = {Massivbau im Wandel : Festschrift zum 60. Geburtstag von Josef Hegger},
  booktitle = {Massivbau im Wandel : Festschrift zum 60. Geburtstag von Josef Hegger},
  publisher = {Ernst},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {3-939051-20-9},
  pages     = {369 -- 380},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{ButenwegKubalskiMarinkovicetal.2016,
  author    = {Butenweg, Christoph and Kubalski, Thomas and Marinkovic, Marko and Pfetzing, Thomas and Ismail, Mohammed and Fehling, Ekkehard},
  title     = {Ausfachungen aus Ziegelmauerwerk},
  series = {Mauerwerk-Kalender 2016: Baustoffe, Sanierung, Eurocode-Praxis},
  booktitle = {Mauerwerk-Kalender 2016: Baustoffe, Sanierung, Eurocode-Praxis},
  publisher = {Ernst \& Sohn},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-433-03131-5},
  year      = {2016},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{ButenwegNorda2014,
  author    = {Butenweg, Christoph and Norda, H.},
  title     = {Erdbebenberechnung von Mauerwerksbauten nach DIN EN 1998-1:2010-12},
  series = {Mauerwerksbau-Praxis nach Eurocode / Schubert, Schneider, Schoch (Hrsg.). - 3., vollst{\"a}ndig {\"u}berarbeitete Auflage},
  booktitle = {Mauerwerksbau-Praxis nach Eurocode / Schubert, Schneider, Schoch (Hrsg.). - 3., vollst{\"a}ndig {\"u}berarbeitete Auflage},
  publisher = {Beuth},
  address   = {Berlin, Wien, Z{\"u}rich},
  isbn      = {978-3-410-22739-7},
  pages     = {367 -- 412},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{ButenwegRoeser2012,
  author    = {Butenweg, Christoph and Roeser, W.},
  title     = {Erdbebenbemessung von Stahlbetontragwerken nach DIN EN 1998-1},
  series = {Stahlbetonbau aktuell : Praxishandbuch},
  booktitle = {Stahlbetonbau aktuell : Praxishandbuch},
  publisher = {Beuth},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-410-21932-3 (Print) ; 978-341-02193-3-0 (E-Book)},
  pages     = {A.1 -- A.43},
  year      = {2012},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{ButenwegRoeser2016,
  author    = {Butenweg, Christoph and Roeser, W.},
  title     = {Auslegung von Bauwerken gegen Erdbeben - Rechenbeispiele},
  series = {Stahlbetonbau aktuell 2016 : Praxishandbuch / herausgegeben von: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Josef Hegger, Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Peter Mark},
  booktitle = {Stahlbetonbau aktuell 2016 : Praxishandbuch / herausgegeben von: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Josef Hegger, Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Peter Mark},
  publisher = {Beuth Verlag GmbH},
  address   = {Berlin ; Wien ; Z{\"u}rich},
  isbn      = {978-3-410-25202-3 (Print) ; 978-3-410-25203-0 (E-Book)},
  year      = {2016},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{ButenwegThierauf1999,
  author    = {Butenweg, Christoph and Thierauf, G.},
  title     = {Automatic design of reinforced concrete structures with parallel computing},
  series = {Innovative computational methods for structural mechanics},
  booktitle = {Innovative computational methods for structural mechanics},
  editor    = {Papadrakakis, M. and Topping, B.H.V.},
  publisher = {Saxe-Coburg Publication},
  address   = {Edinburgh},
  isbn      = {1-874672-05-9},
  doi       = {10.4203/csets.1.14},
  pages     = {305 -- 318},
  year      = {1999},
  abstract  = {A concept for the analysis and optimal design of reinforced concrete structures is described. It is based on a nonlinear optimization algorithm and a finite element program for linear and nonlinear analysis of structures. With the aim of minimal cost design a two stage optimization using efficient gradient algorithm is developed. The optimization problems on global (structural) and local (crosssectional) level are formulated. A parallelization concept for solving the two stage optimization problem in minimal time is presented. Examples are included to illustrate the practical use and the effectively of the parallelization in the area of engineering design.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{ClassenDoerenCodanietal.2000,
  author    = {Claßen, R. and D{\"o}ren, Horst-Peter and Codani, L. and Watermeyer, Klaus},
  title     = {Begleitende Untersuchungen beim L{\"o}ten mit vor{\"u}bergehend fl{\"u}ssiger Phase (TL PB) einschließlich Aktivkomponente an Verbindungen verschiedener Kupfer- und Kohlenstoffwerkstoffe (CFC).},
  series = {Fortschritte in der Metallographie. Vortragstexte der 33. Metallographie-Tagung, 15.-17. September 1999 in Rostock. Hrsg. Gerhard Schneider... Praktische Metallographie. Sonderband 31.},
  booktitle = {Fortschritte in der Metallographie. Vortragstexte der 33. Metallographie-Tagung, 15.-17. September 1999 in Rostock. Hrsg. Gerhard Schneider... Praktische Metallographie. Sonderband 31.},
  publisher = {Werkstoff-Informationsgesellschaft},
  address   = {Frankfurt},
  pages     = {97 -- 104},
  year      = {2000},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{CresserHaegerLeuchsetal.1982,
  author    = {Cresser, J. D. and H{\"a}ger, J. and Leuchs, G. and Rateike, Franz-Matthias and Walther, H.},
  title     = {Resonance fluorescence of atoms in strong monochromatic laser fields},
  series = {Dissipative systems in quantum optics. Ed. by Rodolfo Bonifacio. Topics in current physics. Vol. 27},
  booktitle = {Dissipative systems in quantum optics. Ed. by Rodolfo Bonifacio. Topics in current physics. Vol. 27},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-642-81719-9},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-642-81717-5_3},
  pages     = {21 -- 59},
  year      = {1982},
  abstract  = {The investigation of atomic resonance fluorescence has always been of special interest as a means for the determination of atomic parameters. In addition, information on the interaction mechanism between atoms and radiation can be obtained. In the standard fluorescence experiment the frequency distribution of the incident photons is larger than the natural width of the respective transition; as a consequence the correlation time in the photon-atom interaction is determined by the lifetime of the atoms in the excited state. With the development of lasers and especially of tunable dye lasers in recent years it became possible to study the case where the incident radiation has a spectral distribution which is narrower than the natural width. This corresponds to a correlation time of the incoming light wave which is much longer than the excited-state lifetime. In this chapter a survey of experiments on the resonance fluorescence of atoms in monochromatic laser fields will be given.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Doeren2008,
  author    = {D{\"o}ren, Horst-Peter},
  title     = {Schweißtechnische Verarbeitung nichtrostender St{\"a}hle},
  series = {Rostfreie St{\"a}hle. Grundwissen, Konstruktions- und Verarbeitungshinweise},
  booktitle = {Rostfreie St{\"a}hle. Grundwissen, Konstruktions- und Verarbeitungshinweise},
  editor    = {G{\"u}mpel, Paul},
  publisher = {Expert Verlag},
  address   = {Renningen},
  isbn      = {978-3-8169-2689-4},
  pages     = {140 -- 174},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Doeren1998,
  author    = {D{\"o}ren, Horst-Peter},
  title     = {Aktuelle Fragen zur Schweißmetallurgie. Neue Werkstoffe und ihre schweißtechnische Verarbeitung = Current questions on welding metallurgy},
  series = {Jahrbuch Schweißtechnik '99},
  booktitle = {Jahrbuch Schweißtechnik '99},
  publisher = {DVS-Verlag},
  address   = {D{\"u}sseldorf},
  isbn      = {3-87155-745-5},
  pages     = {77 -- 85},
  year      = {1998},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Doeren1987,
  author    = {D{\"o}ren, Horst-Peter},
  title     = {Nichtrostende St{\"a}hle},
  series = {Jahrbuch Schweißtechnik. 1988},
  booktitle = {Jahrbuch Schweißtechnik. 1988},
  publisher = {Dt. Verl. f{\"u}r Schweißtechnik (DVS)},
  address   = {D{\"u}sseldorf},
  isbn      = {0935-0292},
  pages     = {188 -- 203},
  year      = {1987},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Doeren1990,
  author    = {D{\"o}ren, Horst-Peter},
  title     = {Das Schweißen von Austenit-Ferrit-Verbindungen},
  series = {Jahrbuch Schweißtechnik. 1991},
  booktitle = {Jahrbuch Schweißtechnik. 1991},
  publisher = {DVS-Verlag},
  address   = {D{\"u}sseldorf},
  isbn      = {3-87155-725-0},
  pages     = {57 -- 63},
  year      = {1990},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{DoerenPlaschkaPohl1987,
  author    = {D{\"o}ren, Horst-Peter and Plaschka, K. and Pohl, M.},
  title     = {Die Untersuchung von Schutzgasschweißdr{\"a}hten mit Hilfe des Rasterelektronenmikroskops},
  series = {Fortschritte in der Metallographie. Berichte der 7. Internationalen Metallographie-Tagung Leoben 15. bis 17. Oktober 1986. Sonderb{\"a}nde der Praktischen Metallographie. 18},
  booktitle = {Fortschritte in der Metallographie. Berichte der 7. Internationalen Metallographie-Tagung Leoben 15. bis 17. Oktober 1986. Sonderb{\"a}nde der Praktischen Metallographie. 18},
  publisher = {Riederer},
  address   = {Stuttgart},
  issn      = {0343-3579},
  pages     = {333 -- 345},
  year      = {1987},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{DoerenWernicke1985,
  author    = {D{\"o}ren, Horst-Peter and Wernicke, K.},
  title     = {Einfluß der Schweißparameter beim Plasmaauftragschweißen mit Pulvern},
  series = {Schweißen und Schneiden '85 = Welding and Cutting '85. Vortr{\"a}ge der Großen Schweißtechnischen Tagung in Essen vom 11. bis 13. September 1985. Veranst.: Deutscher Verband f{\"u}r Schweißtechnik (DVS). DVS-Berichte. 100},
  booktitle = {Schweißen und Schneiden '85 = Welding and Cutting '85. Vortr{\"a}ge der Großen Schweißtechnischen Tagung in Essen vom 11. bis 13. September 1985. Veranst.: Deutscher Verband f{\"u}r Schweißtechnik (DVS). DVS-Berichte. 100},
  publisher = {Dt. Verl. f{\"u}r Schweißtechnik (DVS)},
  address   = {D{\"u}sseldorf},
  isbn      = {3-87155-405-7},
  pages     = {72 -- 76},
  year      = {1985},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{EversFleischhakerPalffyetal.2010,
  author    = {Evers, J{\"o}rg and Fleischhaker, Robert and P{\´a}lffy, A. and Keitel, C.},
  title     = {Light propagation : From atomic to nuclear quantum optics},
  series = {Modern optics and photonics: atoms and structured media},
  booktitle = {Modern optics and photonics: atoms and structured media},
  publisher = {World Scientific Publishing Co.},
  isbn      = {978-981431327-8},
  doi       = {10.1142/9789814313278_0001},
  pages     = {3 -- 15},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{GeislerPieper2017,
  author    = {Geisler, Simon and Pieper, Martin},
  title     = {Mathematik PLuS als E-Book. Kann ein E-Book zur Ingenieursmathematik alle Lerntypen ansprechen?},
  series = {Das elektronische Schulbuch 2016},
  booktitle = {Das elektronische Schulbuch 2016},
  publisher = {LIT Verlag},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-643-13475-2},
  pages     = {99 -- 111},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{GiresiniButenweg2019,
  author    = {Giresini, Linda and Butenweg, Christoph},
  title     = {Earthquake resistant design of structures according to Eurocode 8},
  series = {Structural Dynamics with Applications in Earthquake and Wind Engineering},
  booktitle = {Structural Dynamics with Applications in Earthquake and Wind Engineering},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-662-57550-5 (Online)},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-662-57550-5_4},
  pages     = {197 -- 358},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The chapter initially provides a summary of the contents of Eurocode 8, its aim being to offer both to the students and to practising engineers an easy introduction into the calculation and dimensioning procedures of this earthquake code. Specifically, the general rules for earthquake-resistant structures, the definition of design response spectra taking behaviour and importance factors into account, the application of linear and non-linear calculation methods and the structural safety verifications at the serviceability and ultimate limit state are presented. The application of linear and non-linear calculation methods and corresponding seismic design rules is demonstrated on practical examples for reinforced concrete, steel and masonry buildings. Furthermore, the seismic assessment of existing buildings is discussed and illustrated on the example of a typical historical masonry building in Italy. The examples are worked out in detail and each step of the design process, from the preliminary analysis to the final design, is explained in detail.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{GkatzogiasVeljkovivPohorylesetal.2022,
  author    = {Gkatzogias, Konstantinos and Veljkoviv, Ana and Pohoryles, Daniel A. and Tsionis, Georgios and Bournas, Dionysios A. and Crowley, Helen and Norl{\´e}n, Hedvig and Butenweg, Christoph and Gervasio, Helena and Manfredi, Vincenzo and Masi, Angelo and Zaharieva, Roumiana},
  title     = {Policy practice and regional impact assessment for building renovation},
  series = {REEBUILD Integrated Techniques for the Seismic Strengthening \& Energy Efficiency of Existing Buildings},
  booktitle = {REEBUILD Integrated Techniques for the Seismic Strengthening \& Energy Efficiency of Existing Buildings},
  editor    = {Gkatzogias, Konstantinos and Tsionis, Georgios},
  publisher = {Publications Office of the European Union},
  address   = {Luxembourg},
  isbn      = {978-92-76-60454-9},
  issn      = {1831-9424},
  doi       = {10.2760/883122},
  pages     = {1 -- 68},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {The work presented in this report provides scientific support to building renovation policies in the EU by promoting a holistic point of view on the topic. Integrated renovation can be seen as a nexus between European policies on disaster resilience, energy efficiency and circularity in the building sector. An overview of policy measures for the seismic and energy upgrading of buildings across EU Member States identified only a few available measures for combined upgrading. Regulatory framework, financial instruments and digital tools similar to those for energy renovation, together with awareness and training may promote integrated renovation. A framework for regional prioritisation of building renovation was put forward, considering seismic risk, energy efficiency, and socioeconomic vulnerability independently and in an integrated way. Results indicate that prioritisation of building renovation is a multidimensional problem. Depending on priorities, different integrated indicators should be used to inform policies and accomplish the highest relative or most spread impact across different sectors. The framework was further extended to assess the impact of renovation scenarios across the EU with a focus on priority regions. Integrated renovation can provide a risk-proofed, sustainable, and inclusive built environment, presenting an economic benefit in the order of magnitude of the highest benefit among the separate interventions. Furthermore, it presents the unique capability of reducing fatalities and energy consumption at the same time and, depending on the scenario, to a greater extent.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Goldbach2013,
  author    = {Goldbach, Daniel},
  title     = {Diagnosemaßnahmen in der funktionalen Sicherheit},
  series = {Diagnose in mechatronischen Fahrzeugsystemen, VI : neue Verfahren f{\"u}r Test, Pr{\"u}fung und Diagnose von E/E-Systemen im Kfz : 7. Tagung "Diagnose in Mechatronischen Fahrzeugsystemen". Bernhard B{\"a}ker ... (Hrsg.)},
  booktitle = {Diagnose in mechatronischen Fahrzeugsystemen, VI : neue Verfahren f{\"u}r Test, Pr{\"u}fung und Diagnose von E/E-Systemen im Kfz : 7. Tagung "Diagnose in Mechatronischen Fahrzeugsystemen". Bernhard B{\"a}ker ... (Hrsg.)},
  publisher = {Expert Verlag},
  address   = {Renningen},
  isbn      = {978-3-8169-3221-5},
  pages     = {179 -- 198},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Goldbach2012,
  author    = {Goldbach, Daniel},
  title     = {Zuverl{\"a}ssigkeitsanalyse zur Verifikation der Einhaltung von quantitativen Sicherheitsanforderungen.},
  series = {Diagnose in mechatronischen Fahrzeugsystemen V : neue Verfahren f{\"u}r Test, Pr{\"u}fung und Diagnose von E/E-Systemen im Kfz ; [anl{\"a}sslich der 6. Tagung "Diagnose in Mechatronischen Fahrzeugsystemen" in Dresden]. Bernard B{\"a}ker ... (Hrsg.)},
  booktitle = {Diagnose in mechatronischen Fahrzeugsystemen V : neue Verfahren f{\"u}r Test, Pr{\"u}fung und Diagnose von E/E-Systemen im Kfz ; [anl{\"a}sslich der 6. Tagung "Diagnose in Mechatronischen Fahrzeugsystemen" in Dresden]. Bernard B{\"a}ker ... (Hrsg.)},
  publisher = {Expert Verlag},
  address   = {Renningen},
  isbn      = {978-3-8169-3149-2},
  pages     = {116 -- 132},
  year      = {2012},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{GoldbachHochrein2011,
  author    = {Goldbach, Daniel and Hochrein, Ulrich},
  title     = {Functional Safety Management und Analysemethoden in der Entwicklung eines sicherheitskritischen Systems im Automobil},
  series = {Diagnose in mechatronischen Fahrzeugsystemen IV : neue Verfahren f{\"u}r Test, Pr{\"u}fung und Diagnose von E/E-Systemen im Kfz : [anl{\"a}sslich der 5. Tagung "Diagnose in Mechatronischen Fahrzeugsystemen"]},
  booktitle = {Diagnose in mechatronischen Fahrzeugsystemen IV : neue Verfahren f{\"u}r Test, Pr{\"u}fung und Diagnose von E/E-Systemen im Kfz : [anl{\"a}sslich der 5. Tagung "Diagnose in Mechatronischen Fahrzeugsystemen"]},
  publisher = {Expert Verlag},
  address   = {Renningen},
  isbn      = {978-3-8169-3068-6},
  pages     = {175 -- 194},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{HebelHerrmannRitzetal.2022,
  author    = {Hebel, Christoph and Herrmann, Ulf and Ritz, Thomas and R{\"o}th, Thilo and Anthrakidis, Anette and B{\"o}ker, J{\"o}rg and Franzke, Till and Grodzki, Thomas and Merkens, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ttler, Mirjam},
  title     = {FlexSHARE - Methodisches Framework zur innovativen Gestaltung der urbanen Mobilit{\"a}t durch Sharing- Angebote},
  series = {Transforming Mobility - What Next?},
  booktitle = {Transforming Mobility - What Next?},
  publisher = {Springer Gabler},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-658-36429-8},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-658-36430-4_10},
  pages     = {153 -- 169},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Das Ziel des INTERREG-Projektes „SHAREuregio" (FKZ: 34.EFRE-0300134) ist es, grenz{\"u}berschreitende Mobilit{\"a}t in der Euregio Rhein-Maas-Nord zu erm{\"o}glichen und zu f{\"o}rdern. Dazu soll ein elektromobiles Car- und Bikesharing- System entwickelt und in der Stadt M{\"o}nchengladbach, im Kreis Viersen sowie in den Gemeinden Roermond und Venlo (beide NL) zusammen mit den Partnern Wirtschaftsf{\"o}rderung M{\"o}nchengladbach, Wirtschaftsf{\"o}rderung f{\"u}r den Kreis Viersen, NEW AG, Goodmoovs (NL), Greenflux (NL) und der FH Aachen implementiert werden. Zun{\"a}chst richtet sich das Angebot, bestehend aus 40 Elektroautos und 40 Elektrofahrr{\"a}dern, an Unternehmen und wird nach einer Erprobungsphase, mit einer gr{\"o}ßeren Anzahl an Fahrzeugen, auch f{\"u}r Privatpersonen verf{\"u}gbar gemacht werden. Die Fahrzeuge stehen bei den jeweiligen Anwendungspartnern in Deutschland und den Niederlanden. Im Rahmen dieses Projektes hat die FH Aachen „FlexSHARE" entwickelt - ein methodisches Framework zur innovativen Gestaltung urbaner Sharing- Angebote. Das Framework erm{\"o}glicht es, anhand von messbaren Kenngr{\"o}ßen, bedarfsgerechte und auf die Region abgestimmte Sharing-Systeme zu entwickeln.},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{HelsperDressler2012,
  author    = {Helsper, Christoph and Dressler, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Partikelmesstechnik},
  series = {Reinraumtechnik},
  volume    = {2012},
  booktitle = {Reinraumtechnik},
  editor    = {Gail, Lothar and Gommel, Udo and Hortig, Hans-Peter},
  edition   = {3},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-642-19435-1},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-642-19435-1_3},
  pages     = {69 -- 95},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Der Schutz von Produkten vor der Kontamination durch Partikel gilt als eine zentrale Aufgabe der Reinraumtechnik. Da es dabei um Kontaminationseffekte weit unterhalb der visuellen Wahrnehmbarkeit geht, braucht es leistungsf{\"a}hige Verfahren, um die Messgr{\"o}ße „Partikelkontamination" {\"u}ber den gesamten Bereich, den Anwender fordern, pr{\"a}zise zu bestimmen. Neben der Partikelh{\"a}ufigkeit ist dabei die Gr{\"o}ße der Partikel, die sowohl das Transportverhalten wie auch die m{\"o}gliche Wirkung auf das Produkt beeinflusst, von entscheidender Bedeutung. Ferner kann es f{\"u}r die Ermittlung von Kontaminationsquellen von Interesse sein, die Form und die chemische Natur der Partikel zu bestimmen (z. B. textile Fasern, Metallabrieb, fl{\"u}ssige Tr{\"o}pfchen). Die Partikelh{\"a}ufigkeit wird {\"u}blicherweise als Konzentration, d. h. bezogen auf das analysierte Gasvolumen angegeben. Bei den in reinen Technologien {\"u}blichen niedrigen Konzentrationen dient als H{\"a}ufigkeitsmaß die Partikelanzahlkonzentration, also die Partikelanzahl pro Volumeneinheit des Tr{\"a}germediums.},
  language  = {de}
}