@inproceedings{KronigerHorikawaFunkeetal.2021,
  author    = {Kroniger, Daniel and Horikawa, Atsushi and Funke, Harald and Pf{\"a}ffle, Franziska},
  title     = {Numerical investigation of micromix hydrogen flames at different combustor pressure levels},
  series = {The Proceedings of the International Conference on Power Engineering (ICOPE)},
  booktitle = {The Proceedings of the International Conference on Power Engineering (ICOPE)},
  doi       = {10.1299/jsmeicope.2021.15.2021-0237},
  pages     = {4 Seiten},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {This study investigates the influence of pressure on the temperature distribution of the micromix (MMX) hydrogen flame and the NOx emissions. A steady computational fluid dynamic (CFD) analysis is performed by simulating a reactive flow with a detailed chemical reaction model. The numerical analysis is validated based on experimental investigations. A quantitative correlation is parametrized based on the numerical results. We find, that the flame initiation point shifts with increasing pressure from anchoring behind a downstream located bluff body towards anchoring upstream at the hydrogen jet. The numerical NOx emissions trend regarding to a variation of pressure is in good agreement with the experimental results. The pressure has an impact on both, the residence time within the maximum temperature region and on the peak temperature itself. In conclusion, the numerical model proved to be adequate for future prototype design exploration studies targeting on improving the operating range.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Beckmann2019,
  author    = {Beckmann, Nils},
  title     = {Characterization of the hydrogen-dry-low-Nox-micromix-combustion-principle for hydrogen-methane fuel mixtures},
  publisher = {RMIT University},
  address   = {Melbourne},
  pages     = {XV, 160 Seiten},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{FunkeBeckmannKeinzetal.2021,
  author    = {Funke, Harald and Beckmann, Nils and Keinz, Jan and Horikawa, Atsushi},
  title     = {30 years of dry low NOx micromix combustor research for hydrogen-rich fuels: an overview of past and present activities},
  series = {Conference Proceedings Turbo Expo: Power for Land, Sea and Air, Volume 4B: Combustion, Fuels, and Emissions},
  booktitle = {Conference Proceedings Turbo Expo: Power for Land, Sea and Air, Volume 4B: Combustion, Fuels, and Emissions},
  publisher = {ASME},
  address   = {New York, NY},
  isbn      = {978-0-7918-8413-3},
  doi       = {10.1115/GT2020-16328},
  pages     = {14 Seiten},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The paper presents an overview of the past and present of low-emission combustor research with hydrogen-rich fuels at Aachen University of Applied Sciences. In 1990, AcUAS started developing the Dry-Low-NOx Micromix combustion technology. Micromix reduces NOx emissions using jet-in-crossflow mixing of multiple miniaturized fuel jets and combustor air with an inherent safety against flashback. At first, pure hydrogen as fuel was investigated with lab-scale applications. Later, Micromix prototypes were developed for the use in an industrial gas turbine Honeywell/Garrett GTCP-36-300, proving low NOx characteristics during real gas turbine operation, accompanied by the successful definition of safety laws and control system modifications. Further, the Micromix was optimized for the use in annular and can combustors as well as for fuel-flexibility with hydrogen-methane-mixtures and hydrogen-rich syngas qualities by means of extensive experimental and numerical simulations. In 2020, the latest Micromix application will be demonstrated in a commercial 2 MW-class gas turbine can-combustor with full-scale engine operation. The paper discusses the advances in Micromix research over the last three decades.},
  language  = {en}
}