@article{EmontsBuyel2023,
  author    = {Emonts, Jessica and Buyel, Johannes Felix},
  title     = {An overview of descriptors to capture protein properties - Tools and perspectives in the context of QSAR modeling},
  series = {Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal},
  journal   = {Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal},
  number    = {21},
  publisher = {Research Network of Computational and Structural Biotechnology},
  address   = {Gotenburg},
  issn      = {2001-0370 (online-ressource)},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.csbj.2023.05.022},
  pages     = {3234 -- 3247},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Proteins are important ingredients in food and feed, they are the active components of many pharmaceutical products, and they are necessary, in the form of enzymes, for the success of many technical processes. However, production can be challenging, especially when using heterologous host cells such as bacteria to express and assemble recombinant mammalian proteins. The manufacturability of proteins can be hindered by low solubility, a tendency to aggregate, or inefficient purification. Tools such as in silico protein engineering and models that predict separation criteria can overcome these issues but usually require the complex shape and surface properties of proteins to be represented by a small number of quantitative numeric values known as descriptors, as similarly used to capture the features of small molecules. Here, we review the current status of protein descriptors, especially for application in quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) models. First, we describe the complexity of proteins and the properties that descriptors must accommodate. Then we introduce descriptors of shape and surface properties that quantify the global and local features of proteins. Finally, we highlight the current limitations of protein descriptors and propose strategies for the derivation of novel protein descriptors that are more informative.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KnoedlerRuehlEmontsetal.2019,
  author    = {Kn{\"o}dler, Matthias and R{\"u}hl, Clemens and Emonts, Jessica and Buyel, Johannes Felix},
  title     = {Seasonal weather changes affect the yield and quality of recombinant proteins produced in transgenic tobacco plants in a greenhouse setting},
  series = {Frontiers in Plant Science},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Plant Science},
  number    = {10},
  publisher = {Frontiers Media},
  address   = {Lausanne},
  issn      = {1664-462X (online-ressource)},
  doi       = {10.3389/fpls.2019.01245},
  pages     = {13 Seiten},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Transgenic plants have the potential to produce recombinant proteins on an agricultural scale, with yields of several tons per year. The cost-effectiveness of transgenic plants increases if simple cultivation facilities such as greenhouses can be used for production. In such a setting, we expressed a novel affinity ligand based on the fluorescent protein DsRed, which we used as a carrier for the linear epitope ELDKWA from the HIV-neutralizing antibody 2F5. The DsRed-2F5-epitope (DFE) fusion protein was produced in 12 consecutive batches of transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants over the course of 2 years and was purified using a combination of blanching and immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography (IMAC). The average purity after IMAC was 57 ± 26\% (n = 24) in terms of total soluble protein, but the average yield of pure DFE (12 mg kg-1) showed substantial variation (± 97 mg kg-1, n = 24) which correlated with seasonal changes. Specifically, we found that temperature peaks (>28°C) and intense illuminance (>45 klx h-1) were associated with lower DFE yields after purification, reflecting the loss of the epitope-containing C-terminus in up to 90\% of the product. Whereas the weather factors were of limited use to predict product yields of individual harvests conducted for each batch (spaced by 1 week), the average batch yields were well approximated by simple linear regression models using two independent variables for prediction (illuminance and plant age). Interestingly, accumulation levels determined by fluorescence analysis were not affected by weather conditions but positively correlated with plant age, suggesting that the product was still expressed at high levels, but the extreme conditions affected its stability, albeit still preserving the fluorophore function. The efficient production of intact recombinant proteins in plants may therefore require adequate climate control and shading in greenhouses or even cultivation in fully controlled indoor farms.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KaemperBergBegemannetal.1998,
  author    = {K{\"a}mper, Klaus-Peter and Berg, U. and Begemann, M. and Hagemann, B.},
  title     = {Series production and testing of a micro motor. Serienfertigung und Pr{\"u}fung eines Mikromotors},
  series = {Actuator 98 : 6th International Conference on New Actuators ; 17 - 19 June, 1998, Bremen, Germany ; conference proceedings / ed.: Hubert Borgmann ...},
  journal   = {Actuator 98 : 6th International Conference on New Actuators ; 17 - 19 June, 1998, Bremen, Germany ; conference proceedings / ed.: Hubert Borgmann ...},
  publisher = {Messe Bremen},
  address   = {Bremen},
  isbn      = {3-933339-00-6},
  pages     = {552 -- 555},
  year      = {1998},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WingensMayPfaff2019,
  author    = {Wingens, Niklas and May, J{\"o}rg and Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {Betrieblich-technische Innovationsans{\"a}tze zur Bremsprobe nach einer Prozess{\"a}nderung},
  series = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  journal   = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {DVV Media Group},
  address   = {Hamburg},
  issn      = {0013-2845},
  pages     = {5 Seiten},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{PfaffSchmidtPinders2015,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Schmidt, Bernd and Pinders, Udo},
  title     = {Energieeffizienz steigern durch Rekuperationseinrichtungen},
  series = {Deine Bahn},
  journal   = {Deine Bahn},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Eisenbahn-Fachverlag},
  address   = {Mainz},
  issn      = {0172-4479},
  pages     = {50 -- 53},
  year      = {2015},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{PfaffEnning2017,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Enning, Manfred},
  title     = {Die nachhaltige Alternative zum autonomen Lastwagen},
  series = {Deine Bahn},
  journal   = {Deine Bahn},
  number    = {10},
  pages     = {22 -- 26},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Pfaff2023,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {Braking distance prediction for vehicle consist in low-speed on-sight operation: a Monte Carlo approach},
  series = {Railway Engineering Science},
  volume    = {31},
  journal   = {Railway Engineering Science},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {SpringerOpen},
  issn      = {2662-4753 (eISSN)},
  doi       = {10.1007/s40534-023-00303-7},
  pages     = {135 -- 144},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {The first and last mile of a railway journey, in both freight and transit applications, constitutes a high effort and is either non-productive (e.g. in the case of depot operations) or highly inefficient (e.g. in industrial railways). These parts are typically managed on-sight, i.e. with no signalling and train protection systems ensuring the freedom of movement. This is possible due to the rather short braking distances of individual vehicles and shunting consists. The present article analyses the braking behaviour of such shunting units. For this purpose, a dedicated model is developed. It is calibrated on published results of brake tests and validated against a high-definition model for low-speed applications. Based on this model, multiple simulations are executed to obtain a Monte Carlo simulation of the resulting braking distances. Based on the distribution properties and established safety levels, the risk of exceeding certain braking distances is evaluated and maximum braking distances are derived. Together with certain parameters of the system, these can serve in the design and safety assessment of driver assistance systems and automation of these processes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WilbringEnningPfaffetal.2020,
  author    = {Wilbring, Daniela and Enning, Manfred and Pfaff, Raphael and Schmidt, Bernd},
  title     = {Neue Perspektiven f{\"u}r die Bahn in der Produktions- und Distributionslogistik durch Prozessautomation},
  series = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  volume    = {69},
  journal   = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {DVV Mediagroup},
  address   = {Hamburg},
  issn      = {0013-2845},
  pages     = {15 -- 19},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EnningPfaff2017,
  author    = {Enning, Manfred and Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {G{\"u}terwagen 4.0 - Der G{\"u}terwagen f{\"u}r das Internet der Dinge. Teil 1: Gesamtsystembetrachtung und grundlegendes Konzept},
  series = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  volume    = {66},
  journal   = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  number    = {1/2},
  publisher = {DVV Media Group},
  address   = {Hamburg},
  issn      = {0013-2845},
  pages     = {12 -- 16},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{PfaffEnning2017,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Enning, Manfred},
  title     = {G{\"u}terwagen 4.0 - Der G{\"u}terwagen f{\"u}r das Internet der Dinge. Teil 2: Ausgew{\"a}hlte technische Aspekte und Prozesse},
  series = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  volume    = {66},
  journal   = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {DVV Media Group},
  address   = {Hamburg},
  issn      = {0013-2845},
  pages     = {74 -- 77},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{SeilerPichlerPfaffetal.2009,
  author    = {Seiler, Friedrich and Pichler, Alexander and Pfaff, Raphael and Srulijes, Julio},
  title     = {Novel processing tools for automated doppler picture velocimetry (DPV) evaluation},
  series = {Journal of visualization},
  volume    = {Vol. 12},
  journal   = {Journal of visualization},
  number    = {Iss. 4},
  issn      = {1343-8875},
  pages     = {323 -- 337},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FranzenPindersPfaffetal.2018,
  author    = {Franzen, Julius and Pinders, Erik and Pfaff, Raphael and Enning, Manfred},
  title     = {RailCrowd's virtual fleets: Make most of your asset data},
  series = {Deine Bahn},
  journal   = {Deine Bahn},
  number    = {9},
  publisher = {Bahn-Fachverlag},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {0948-7263},
  pages     = {11 -- 13},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {For smaller railway operators or those with a diverse fleet, it can be difficult to collect sufficient data to improve maintenance programs. At the same time, new rules such as entity in charge of maintenance - ECM - regulations impose an additional workload by requiring a dedicated maintenance management system and specific reports. The RailCrowd platform sets out to facilitate compliance with ECM and similar regulations while at the same time pooling anonymised fleet data across operators to form virtual fleets, providing greater data insights.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PfaffSchmidt2016,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Schmidt, Bernd},
  title     = {Daten in der Cloud - und dann?},
  series = {Deine Bahn},
  journal   = {Deine Bahn},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Bahn-Fachverlag},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {0948-7263},
  pages     = {50 -- 55},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Schienenverkehrssysteme stehen in zunehmendem Wettbewerb, sowohl untereinander als auch mit anderen Verkehrstr{\"a}gern. Als wichtiger Aspekt zur Steigerung der Kosteneffizienz wird die Digitalisierung des Betriebs und der Fahrzeuge betrachtet. {\"U}ber eine Prognose der Ausfallwahrscheinlichkeit bzw. Restlebensdauer von Subsystemen k{\"o}nnen mittels Digitalisierung die Instandhaltungskosten gesenkt werden. Die geringen Fehlerraten im System Bahn machen die Nutzung besonderer Simulationstechniken notwendig. In diesem Beitrag wird gezeigt, wie sich die Subsystemverf{\"u}gbarkeit aus den beobachteten Fehlerraten der Teilfunktionen vorhersagen l{\"a}sst.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Pfaff2017,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {Einsatz von offenen Onlinekursen in der Eisenbahnlehre},
  series = {Deine Bahn},
  journal   = {Deine Bahn},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Bahn-Fachverlag},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {0948-7263},
  pages     = {12 -- 16},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Eigene positive Erfahrungen mit Onlinekursen sowie die geringen Studierendenzahlen in der Pr{\"a}senzlehre gaben den Anstoß zu einem Experiment mit einem offenen Onlinekurs auf der Plattform Udemy. Die Erfahrungen sowohl bei der Erstellung und als auch im Lehrbetrieb waren positiv und f{\"u}hrten zu einer neuen Besch{\"a}ftigung mit Inhalten und Lernenden, getrieben durch die Anforderungen der Lernplattform.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Pfaff2017,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {Apps f{\"u}r den G{\"u}terwagen? Wie der G{\"u}terwagen 4.0 die effiziente Integration der G{\"u}terbahn in ERTMS erm{\"o}glicht},
  series = {Ingenieurspiegel},
  journal   = {Ingenieurspiegel},
  number    = {2},
  pages     = {1 -- 2},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Pfaff2015,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {Praxisnahe Ausbildung im Fach Schienenfahrzeugtechnik},
  series = {Deine Bahn},
  journal   = {Deine Bahn},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {Eisenbahn-Fachverlag},
  address   = {Mainz},
  issn      = {0172-4479},
  pages     = {52 -- 55},
  year      = {2015},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{PfaffBurnham2009,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Burnham, Keith J.},
  title     = {On abstraction and interpretability: a behavioural perspective},
  series = {Systems Science},
  volume    = {Vol. 35},
  journal   = {Systems Science},
  number    = {Iss. 2},
  issn      = {0137-1223},
  pages     = {19 -- 26},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EnningPfaff2016,
  author    = {Enning, Manfred and Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {Digitalisierung bringt mehr G{\"u}ter auf die Schiene},
  series = {Sonderprojekte ATM/MTZ},
  volume    = {21},
  journal   = {Sonderprojekte ATM/MTZ},
  number    = {6 (suppl.)},
  publisher = {Springer Fachmedien},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  issn      = {2509-4610},
  doi       = {10.1007/s41491-016-0570-7},
  pages     = {34 -- 37},
  year      = {2016},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EnningPfaff2017,
  author    = {Enning, Manfred and Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {G{\"u}terwagen 4.0 - Mehr als nur technischer Fortschritt},
  series = {Privatbahn-Magazin},
  journal   = {Privatbahn-Magazin},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Bahn Media},
  address   = {Suhlendorf},
  issn      = {1865-0163},
  pages     = {21 -- 25},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Lokomotiven sind dank modernster Konzepte der Antriebstechnik heute energiesparend und umweltfreundlich. Eine Ausr{\"u}stung mit Telematik und Assistenzfunktionen ist Standard. Auf der Strecke zeigt sich moderne Technik in Form elektronischer Stellwerke und Zugsicherungssysteme und in Rangier- und Abstellanlagen als EOW-Technik. Am G{\"u}terwagen hingegen ist der technische Fortschritt komplett vorbeigegangen. Auch beim modernsten Wagen (Abb. 1) ist die einzige „Automatik"-Funktion die zentral {\"u}ber die Hauptluftleitung (HL) versorgte und bet{\"a}tigte Luftbremse.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EichlerBalcBremenetal.2024,
  author    = {Eichler, Fabian and Balc, Nicolae and Bremen, Sebastian and Schleser, Markus and Schwarz, Alexander},
  title     = {Research on reducing residual stresses of SLM parts made for downstream welding process},
  series = {Acta Technica Napocensis},
  volume    = {67},
  journal   = {Acta Technica Napocensis},
  number    = {1s},
  publisher = {Technical University of Cluj-Napoca},
  address   = {Cluj-Napoca},
  issn      = {1221-5872},
  pages     = {69 -- 78},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {In the face of the current trend towards larger and more complex production tasks in the SLM process and the current limitations in terms of maximum build space, the welding of SLM components to each other or to conventionally manufactured parts is becoming increasingly relevant. The fusion welding of SLM components made of 316L has so far been rarely investigated and if so, then for highly specialised laser welding processes. When welding with industrial gas welding processes such as MIG/MAG or TIG welding, distortions occur which are associated with the resulting residual stresses in the components. This paper investigates process-side influencing factors to avoid resulting residual stresses in SLM components made of 316L. The aim is to develop a strategy to build up SLM components as stress-free as possible in order to join them as profitably as possible with a downstream welding process. For this purpose, influencing parameters such as laser power, scan speed, but also scan vector length and different scan patterns are investigated with regard to their influence on residual stresses.},
  language  = {en}
}