@article{PfaffEnning2017,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Enning, Manfred},
  title     = {Die nachhaltige Alternative zum autonomen Lastwagen},
  series = {Deine Bahn},
  journal   = {Deine Bahn},
  number    = {10},
  pages     = {22 -- 26},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{PfaffEnningSutter2022,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Enning, Manfred and Sutter, Stefan},
  title     = {A risk‑based approach to automatic brake tests for rail freight service: incident analysis and realisation concept},
  series = {SN Applied Sciences},
  volume    = {4},
  journal   = {SN Applied Sciences},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Cham},
  issn      = {2523-3971},
  doi       = {10.1007/s42452-022-05007-x},
  pages     = {1 -- 14},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {This study reviews the practice of brake tests in freight railways, which is time consuming and not suitable to detect certain failure types. Public incident reports are analysed to derive a reasonable brake test hardware and communication architecture, which aims to provide automatic brake tests at lower cost than current solutions. The proposed solutions relies exclusively on brake pipe and brake cylinder pressure sensors, a brake release position switch as well as radio communication via standard protocols. The approach is embedded in the Wagon 4.0 concept, which is a holistic approach to a smart freight wagon. The reduction of manual processes yields a strong incentive due to high savings in manual labour and increased productivity.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{PfaffGeorgeSeileretal.2005,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and George, Alfred and Seiler, Friedrich and Srulijes, Julio},
  title     = {Dopplerbild-Verfahren : Entwicklung einer neuen Auswertemethode. (Bericht / ISL / AGARD ; R 124/2005)},
  publisher = {ISL},
  address   = {Saint Louis, France},
  pages     = {X, 26 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{PfaffGidaszewskiSchmidt2020,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Gidaszewski, Lars and Schmidt, Bernd},
  title     = {Ber{\"u}cksichtigung von No Fault Found im Diagnose- und Instandhaltungssystem von Schienenfahrzeugen},
  series = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  journal   = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {DVV Media Group},
  address   = {Hamburg},
  issn      = {0013-2845},
  pages     = {56 -- 59},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Intermittierende und nicht reproduzierbare Fehler, auch als No Fault Found bezeichnet, treten in praktisch allen Bereichen auf und sorgen f{\"u}r hohe Kosten. Diese sind h{\"a}ufig auf unpr{\"a}zise Fehlerbeschreibungen zur{\"u}ckzuf{\"u}hren. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden Anpassungen der Vorgehensweise bei der Entwicklung und Anpassungen des Diagnosesystems vorgeschlagen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{PfaffLarkowskiBurnham2011,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Larkowski, Tomasz and Burnham, Keith J.},
  title     = {An application of adaptive control in the behavioural framework},
  series = {21st International Conference on Systems Engineering (ICSEng) : 16 - 18 Aug. 2011, Las Vegas, Nevada ; proceedings},
  booktitle = {21st International Conference on Systems Engineering (ICSEng) : 16 - 18 Aug. 2011, Las Vegas, Nevada ; proceedings},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {Piscataway, NJ},
  organization    = {International Conference on Systems Engineering <21, 2011, Las Vegas>},
  isbn      = {978-1-4577-1078-0 ; 978-0-7695-4495-3},
  pages     = {49 -- 54},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{PfaffLarkowskiBurnham2010,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Larkowski, Tomasz and Burnham, Keith J.},
  title     = {An approach to adaptive control in the behavioural framework},
  series = {UKACC International Conference on Control 2010 (CONTROL 2010) : Coventry, United Kingdom, 7 - 10 September 2010 ; Vol. 2. (IET seminar digest ; 2010/004)},
  booktitle = {UKACC International Conference on Control 2010 (CONTROL 2010) : Coventry, United Kingdom, 7 - 10 September 2010 ; Vol. 2. (IET seminar digest ; 2010/004)},
  publisher = {Curran},
  address   = {Red Hook, NY},
  organization    = {United Kingdom Automatic Control Council},
  isbn      = {978-1-62748-119-9},
  pages     = {833 -- 838},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{PfaffMelcherFranzen2018,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Melcher, Karin and Franzen, Julian},
  title     = {Rare event simulation to optimise maintenance intervals of safety critical redundant subsystems},
  series = {Proceedings of the European Conference of the PHM Society},
  volume    = {4},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the European Conference of the PHM Society},
  number    = {1},
  pages     = {1 -- 6},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{PfaffMoshiriReichetal.2017,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Moshiri, Amir and Reich, Alexander and G{\"a}bel, Markus},
  title     = {Modelling of the effect of sanding on the wheel-rail adhesion area},
  series = {First International Conference on Rail Transportation},
  booktitle = {First International Conference on Rail Transportation},
  pages     = {1 -- 7},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{PfaffPichlerGeorgeetal.2007,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Pichler, Alexander and George, Alfred and Seiler, Friedrich},
  title     = {Model based image processing for flow visualisation : 16th International Conference on Systems Science, Wroclaw, Poland, September 04 - 06, 2007},
  series = {PU / Institut Franco-Allemand de Recherches de Saint-Louis ; 2007, 620},
  booktitle = {PU / Institut Franco-Allemand de Recherches de Saint-Louis ; 2007, 620},
  publisher = {ISL},
  address   = {Saint Louis, France},
  organization    = {International Conference on Systems Science <16, 2007, Wroclaw>},
  pages     = {1 -- 10},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{PfaffSappler2014,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Sappler, Magnus},
  title     = {TRANSPACT : die automatische Mittelpufferkupplung f{\"u}r attraktiven G{\"u}terverkehr},
  series = {RAIL-FREIGHT 2014 : Zukunft des Schieneng{\"u}terverkehrs ; Technologie - {\"O}konomie - {\"O}kologie - Verkehrspolitik ; [Tagungsdokumentation des IV. Internationalen Fachsymposiums zum Thema Schieneng{\"u}terverkehr] (Bahntechnik Aktuell ; 48)},
  booktitle = {RAIL-FREIGHT 2014 : Zukunft des Schieneng{\"u}terverkehrs ; Technologie - {\"O}konomie - {\"O}kologie - Verkehrspolitik ; [Tagungsdokumentation des IV. Internationalen Fachsymposiums zum Thema Schieneng{\"u}terverkehr] (Bahntechnik Aktuell ; 48)},
  publisher = {Verl. d. IFV Bahntechnik},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-940727-41-1},
  pages     = {121 -- 128},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{PfaffSchmidtEnning2017,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Schmidt, B. D. and Enning, Manfred},
  title     = {Towards inclusion of the freight rail system in the industrial internet of things - Wagon 4.0},
  series = {Stephenson Conference, London, March 2017},
  booktitle = {Stephenson Conference, London, March 2017},
  pages     = {1 -- 10},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PfaffSchmidt2016,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Schmidt, Bernd},
  title     = {Daten in der Cloud - und dann?},
  series = {Deine Bahn},
  journal   = {Deine Bahn},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Bahn-Fachverlag},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {0948-7263},
  pages     = {50 -- 55},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Schienenverkehrssysteme stehen in zunehmendem Wettbewerb, sowohl untereinander als auch mit anderen Verkehrstr{\"a}gern. Als wichtiger Aspekt zur Steigerung der Kosteneffizienz wird die Digitalisierung des Betriebs und der Fahrzeuge betrachtet. {\"U}ber eine Prognose der Ausfallwahrscheinlichkeit bzw. Restlebensdauer von Subsystemen k{\"o}nnen mittels Digitalisierung die Instandhaltungskosten gesenkt werden. Die geringen Fehlerraten im System Bahn machen die Nutzung besonderer Simulationstechniken notwendig. In diesem Beitrag wird gezeigt, wie sich die Subsystemverf{\"u}gbarkeit aus den beobachteten Fehlerraten der Teilfunktionen vorhersagen l{\"a}sst.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{PfaffSchmidtPinders2015,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Schmidt, Bernd and Pinders, Udo},
  title     = {Energieeffizienz steigern durch Rekuperationseinrichtungen},
  series = {Deine Bahn},
  journal   = {Deine Bahn},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Eisenbahn-Fachverlag},
  address   = {Mainz},
  issn      = {0172-4479},
  pages     = {50 -- 53},
  year      = {2015},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{PfaffShahidiEnning2017,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Shahidi, Parham and Enning, Manfred},
  title     = {Connected freight rail rolling stock: a modular approach integrating sensors, actors and cyber physical systems for operational advantages and condition based maintenance},
  series = {Asia-Pacific Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society},
  booktitle = {Asia-Pacific Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society},
  pages     = {1 -- 7},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{PfaffVinsonneauBurnham2006,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Vinsonneau, B. and Burnham, K. J.},
  title     = {Multiple models for nonlinear systems},
  series = {Proceedings / Eigteenth International Conference on Systems Engineering : ICSE 2006 : 5 - 7 September 2006 ; [held at Coventry University, UK]},
  booktitle = {Proceedings / Eigteenth International Conference on Systems Engineering : ICSE 2006 : 5 - 7 September 2006 ; [held at Coventry University, UK]},
  organization    = {International Conference on Systems Engineering <18, 2006, Coventry>},
  isbn      = {1-84600-013-0},
  pages     = {347 -- 352},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchmidtEnningPfaff2018,
  author    = {Schmidt, Bernd and Enning, Manfred and Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {G{\"u}terwagen 4.0 - Der G{\"u}terwagen f{\"u}r das Internet der Dinge Teil 3: Einf{\"u}hrungsszenarien f{\"u}r aktive, kommunikative G{\"u}terwagen},
  series = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  volume    = {67},
  journal   = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {DVV Media Group},
  address   = {Hamburg},
  issn      = {0013-2845},
  pages     = {60 -- 64},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Wenn durch innovative, automatisierte G{\"u}terwagen betriebswirtschaftliche Vorteile nutzbar gemacht werden sollen, muss die Migration auf das neue System in sinnvollen Teilschritten unter Ber{\"u}cksichtigung der organisationellen und betrieblichen Vereinbarkeit vorgenommen werden. Eine stufenweise Migration mit Nachr{\"u}stbarkeit und Kompatibilit{\"a}t kann die optimale Ausstattungsvariante f{\"u}r die unterschiedlichen Betriebsszenarien sowie eine Steigerung der Wirtschaftlichkeit des Gesamtsystems bieten.},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{SeilerGeorgePfaffetal.2005,
  author    = {Seiler, Friedrich and George, Alfred and Pfaff, Raphael and Srulijes, Julio},
  title     = {Stand der Entwicklung des ISL Dopplerbildverfahrens},
  series = {GALA : 13. Fachtagung Lasermethoden in der Str{\"o}mungsmesstechnik : 6. - 8. September 2005, Cottbus},
  booktitle = {GALA : 13. Fachtagung Lasermethoden in der Str{\"o}mungsmesstechnik : 6. - 8. September 2005, Cottbus},
  publisher = {Techn. Univ.},
  address   = {Cottbus},
  organization    = {Fachtagung Lasermethoden in der Str{\"o}mungsmesstechnik <13, 2005, Cottbus>},
  isbn      = {3-9805613-2-1},
  pages     = {24-1 -- 24-8},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{SeilerPichlerPfaffetal.2008,
  author    = {Seiler, Friedrich and Pichler, Alexander and Pfaff, Raphael and George, Alfred and Srulijes, Julio},
  title     = {Improved Doppler picture velocimetry and new automated processing},
  series = {14th International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics : Lisbon, Portugal, 7 - 10 July 2008},
  booktitle = {14th International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics : Lisbon, Portugal, 7 - 10 July 2008},
  organization    = {International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics <14, 2008, Lisboa>},
  pages     = {1 -- 12},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SeilerPichlerPfaffetal.2009,
  author    = {Seiler, Friedrich and Pichler, Alexander and Pfaff, Raphael and Srulijes, Julio},
  title     = {Novel processing tools for automated doppler picture velocimetry (DPV) evaluation},
  series = {Journal of visualization},
  volume    = {Vol. 12},
  journal   = {Journal of visualization},
  number    = {Iss. 4},
  issn      = {1343-8875},
  pages     = {323 -- 337},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ShahidiPfaffEnning2017,
  author    = {Shahidi, Parham and Pfaff, Raphael and Enning, Manfred},
  title     = {The connected wagon - a concept for the integration of vehicle side sensors and actors with cyber physical representation for condition based maintenance},
  series = {First International Conference on Rail Transportation},
  booktitle = {First International Conference on Rail Transportation},
  pages     = {1 -- 8},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}