@article{Starke1988,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther},
  title     = {Einsatzmoeglichkeiten des Roboterschweissens im Behaelterbau},
  series = {DVS-Berichte. 115 (1988)},
  journal   = {DVS-Berichte. 115 (1988)},
  isbn      = {0418-9639},
  pages     = {38 -- 43},
  year      = {1988},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{Starke2009,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther},
  title     = {Robotertechnik f{\"u}r individuelle Automatisierungsl{\"o}sungen und unterschiedlichste Prozessanwendungen : 17. Internationale Fachmesse „Schweißen \& Schneiden 2009" - Stand und Entwicklungstendenzen},
  series = {Schweissen und Schneiden},
  booktitle = {Schweissen und Schneiden},
  publisher = {DVS - Deutscher Verband f{\"u}r Schweißen und Verwandte Verfahren e.V.},
  issn      = {0036-7184 (Print)},
  pages     = {N 13 (nach Seite 716)},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{StarkeAhlbehrendtBischoffetal.2009,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Ahlbehrendt, Norbert and Bischoff, Rainer and Melzer, Harald and Sieber, Sven and Senk, Burkhard and Kramarczyk, Peter},
  title     = {RoboTOOL. Technologien f{\"u}r den ortsflexiblen Einsatz von Robotern bei tempor{\"a}ren Arbeitsaufgaben in der Fertigung},
  series = {wt Werkstattstechnik online},
  volume    = {Bd. 99},
  journal   = {wt Werkstattstechnik online},
  number    = {H. 9},
  issn      = {1436-4980},
  pages     = {661 -- 670},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{StarkeBeckmannRogosetal.1987,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Beckmann, L.-H. and Rogos, J. and Schmall, K-H. (u.a.)},
  title     = {Sensoren in der automatisierten Schweisstechnik},
  pages     = {61 -- 147},
  year      = {1987},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{StarkeCichon2004,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Cichon, Carsten},
  title     = {Fortgeschrittene Benutzeroberfl{\"a}che f{\"u}r eine neue Roboterkinematik in unstrukturierter Schweißumgebung},
  series = {Mechatronics \& robotics 2004 : Aachen, Germany, September 13 - 15, 2004 / [IEEE ...]. Drews, Paul [ed.].},
  journal   = {Mechatronics \& robotics 2004 : Aachen, Germany, September 13 - 15, 2004 / [IEEE ...]. Drews, Paul [ed.].},
  publisher = {Eysoldt},
  address   = {Aachen},
  isbn      = {3-938153-30-X},
  pages     = {373 -- 377},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{StarkeDrews1979,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Drews, P.},
  title     = {Automatisches Nahtfuehrungssystem an einem Industrie-Roboter},
  series = {VDI Berichte (1979)},
  journal   = {VDI Berichte (1979)},
  isbn      = {0083-5560},
  pages     = {79 -- 85},
  year      = {1979},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{StarkeDrews1982,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Drews, P.},
  title     = {Anwendungsmoeglichkeiten von Schweissrobotern und automatisierten Schweisssystemen im Schiffbau},
  series = {Schweisstechnik. 32 (1982), H. 7},
  journal   = {Schweisstechnik. 32 (1982), H. 7},
  isbn      = {0036-7192},
  pages     = {305 -- 308},
  year      = {1982},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{StarkeDrews1983,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Drews, P.},
  title     = {Qualitaetssicherung in der automatisierten schweisstechnischen Fertigung durch Einsatz von Sensoren},
  series = {Technisches Messen tm. 50 (1983), H. 12},
  journal   = {Technisches Messen tm. 50 (1983), H. 12},
  isbn      = {0171-8096},
  pages     = {467 -- 473},
  year      = {1983},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{StarkeDrews1983,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Drews, P.},
  title     = {Qualitaetssicherung in der automatisierten schweisstechnischen Fertigung durch Einsatz von Sensoren},
  series = {Sensor. 6 (1983)},
  journal   = {Sensor. 6 (1983)},
  pages     = {29 -- 45},
  year      = {1983},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{StarkeDrews1984,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Drews, P.},
  title     = {Optisch-elektronischer Nahtfuehrungssensor zur Schweissnahtverfolgung},
  series = {Technisches Messen tm. 51 (1984), H. 7/8},
  journal   = {Technisches Messen tm. 51 (1984), H. 7/8},
  isbn      = {0171-8096},
  pages     = {270 -- 275},
  year      = {1984},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{StarkeDrews1984,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Drews, P.},
  title     = {Stand der Sensorentwicklung fuer Schutzgasschweissroboter},
  series = {Schweissen und Schneiden. 36 (1984), H. 4},
  journal   = {Schweissen und Schneiden. 36 (1984), H. 4},
  isbn      = {0036-7184},
  pages     = {166 -- 172},
  year      = {1984},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{StarkeDrews1985,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Drews, P.},
  title     = {Development approaches for advanced control in automated arc welding},
  pages     = {115 -- 124},
  year      = {1985},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{StarkeDrews1985,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Drews, P.},
  title     = {Sensoren in der Schweisstechnik},
  series = {Die Umschau. 84 (1985), H. 5},
  journal   = {Die Umschau. 84 (1985), H. 5},
  isbn      = {0041-6347},
  pages     = {296 -- 300},
  year      = {1985},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{StarkeDrews1995,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Drews, P.},
  title     = {Universelles Roboterprogrammiersystem zur Fertigung von Großfahrzeugen},
  series = {Schweißen und Schneiden. 47 (1995), H. 9},
  journal   = {Schweißen und Schneiden. 47 (1995), H. 9},
  isbn      = {0036-7184},
  pages     = {707 -- 713},
  year      = {1995},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{StarkeDrews1994,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Drews, P.},
  title     = {Le soudage au siecle de l'informatique},
  series = {Souder. 18 (1994), H. 6},
  journal   = {Souder. 18 (1994), H. 6},
  isbn      = {0246-1900},
  pages     = {33 -- 44},
  year      = {1994},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{StarkeDrews1992,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Drews, P.},
  title     = {Sensorik f{\"u}r das Schutzgasschweißen mit Robotern},
  series = {DVS-Berichte. 143 (1992)},
  journal   = {DVS-Berichte. 143 (1992)},
  isbn      = {0418-9639},
  pages     = {62 -- 66},
  year      = {1992},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{StarkeDrewsHackeletal.2003,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Drews, P. and Hackel, M. and Kremer-Wasmuht, S.},
  title     = {Automatisiertes Auftragschweißen zur Instandsetzung von Umformwerkzeugen},
  series = {Reparatur und Herstellung von technischen Oberfl{\"a}chen an Werkzeugen und Maschinenbauteilen : neue Technologien f{\"u}r die Produktion von morgen ; Ergebnisbericht des EUREKA-FACTORY Verbundprojektes PROSURF / P. Drews ... (Hrsg.)},
  journal   = {Reparatur und Herstellung von technischen Oberfl{\"a}chen an Werkzeugen und Maschinenbauteilen : neue Technologien f{\"u}r die Produktion von morgen ; Ergebnisbericht des EUREKA-FACTORY Verbundprojektes PROSURF / P. Drews ... (Hrsg.)},
  publisher = {Shaker},
  address   = {Aachen},
  isbn      = {3-8322-1537-9},
  pages     = {19 -- 28},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{StarkeDrewsPoppen1996,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Drews, P. and Poppen, M.},
  title     = {Funktions{\"u}berwachung von Stromkontaktrohren beim MAG-Hochleistungsschweißen mittels K{\"o}rperschallinformationen},
  series = {Schweißen und Schneiden. 48 (1996), H. 9},
  journal   = {Schweißen und Schneiden. 48 (1996), H. 9},
  isbn      = {0036-7184},
  pages     = {675 -- 682},
  year      = {1996},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{StarkeHackel2004,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Hackel, Matthias},
  title     = {Integrierte Oberfl{\"a}chendigitalisierung f{\"u}r die flexible Automatisierung bei kleinen Losgr{\"o}ßen},
  series = {Mechatronics \& robotics 2004 : Aachen, Germany, September 13 - 15, 2004 / [IEEE ...]. Drews, Paul [ed.]},
  journal   = {Mechatronics \& robotics 2004 : Aachen, Germany, September 13 - 15, 2004 / [IEEE ...]. Drews, Paul [ed.]},
  publisher = {Eysoldt},
  address   = {Aachen},
  isbn      = {3-938153-30-X},
  pages     = {271 -- 275},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{StarkeKampker1997,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Kampker, M.},
  title     = {Von der Großserienfertigung in die Werkstatt. Der Schl{\"u}ssel f{\"u}r den Robotereinsatz in der Kleinserienfertigung liegt in der Programmierung},
  series = {Produktion, Landsberg. 36 (1997), H. 38},
  journal   = {Produktion, Landsberg. 36 (1997), H. 38},
  isbn      = {0344-6166},
  pages     = {3},
  year      = {1997},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{StarkeKampker1999,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Kampker, M.},
  title     = {Verbesserte Roboterprogrammierung f{\"u}r die werkstattorientierte Fertigung},
  series = {DVS-Berichte. 199 (1999)},
  journal   = {DVS-Berichte. 199 (1999)},
  isbn      = {0418-9639},
  pages     = {84 -- 90},
  year      = {1999},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{StarkeKremerWasmuth1999,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Kremer-Wasmuth, S.},
  title     = {Rechnergest{\"u}tzte Prozeßkontrolle und -dokumentation zur Qualit{\"a}ts{\"u}berwachung beim Schweißen},
  series = {Qualit{\"a}tsorientierte Schweißtechnik als Wettbewerbsfaktor, DVS-Berichte. 196 (1999)},
  journal   = {Qualit{\"a}tsorientierte Schweißtechnik als Wettbewerbsfaktor, DVS-Berichte. 196 (1999)},
  isbn      = {0418-9639},
  pages     = {49 -- 52},
  year      = {1999},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{StarkeKuhneFrassek1984,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Kuhne, A.H. and Frassek, B.},
  title     = {Components for the automated GMAW process. Bestandteile des automatischen Metall-Schutzgas-Schweissverfahrens},
  series = {Welding Journal. 63 (1984), H. 1},
  journal   = {Welding Journal. 63 (1984), H. 1},
  isbn      = {0043-2296},
  pages     = {31 -- 34},
  year      = {1984},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{StarkeKunkelHahn2013,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Kunkel, Thomas and Hahn, Daniel},
  title     = {Flexible collaboration and control of heterogeneous mechatronic devices and systems by means of an event-driven, SOA-based automation concept},
  series = {2013 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technologies (ICIT-13)},
  booktitle = {2013 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technologies (ICIT-13)},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {Piscataway, NJ},
  organization    = {International Conference on Industrial Technologies <2013, Cape Town>},
  isbn      = {978-1-4673-4567-5 ; 978-1-4673-4569-9},
  pages     = {1982 -- 1987},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{StarkePoppen1997,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Poppen, P.},
  title     = {Entwicklung einer modularen Steuerung zum automatisierten, sensorgest{\"u}tzten MAG-Hochleistungsschweißen},
  series = {Schweißen und Schneiden. 49 (1997), H. 3},
  journal   = {Schweißen und Schneiden. 49 (1997), H. 3},
  isbn      = {0036-7184},
  pages     = {149 -- 157},
  year      = {1997},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{StarkeStrunzSpiess1995,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Strunz, U. and Spieß, C.},
  title     = {Schweißprozeßparameteroptimierung mit Fuzzy-Logik},
  series = {Schweißen und Schneiden. 47 (1995), H. 6},
  journal   = {Schweißen und Schneiden. 47 (1995), H. 6},
  isbn      = {0036-7184},
  pages     = {494 -- 503},
  year      = {1995},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{StarkeZackFriedrichetal.2003,
  author    = {Starke, G{\"u}nther and Zack, Y. and Friedrich, A.-P. and Drichel, E.},
  title     = {Simulationswerkzeug bei der Herstellung von mikroelektronischen Komponenten. Schnelles Beurteilen von Alternativen in der Produktionsplanung und im Fertigungsdesign},
  series = {FB/IE - Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Unternehmensentwicklung und Industrial Engineering. 52 (2003), H. 5},
  journal   = {FB/IE - Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Unternehmensentwicklung und Industrial Engineering. 52 (2003), H. 5},
  isbn      = {1431-2271},
  pages     = {204 -- 212},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{StieglitzWollert2010,
  author    = {Stieglitz, Kristian and Wollert, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Database driven modernization and expansion of storage systems},
  series = {Proceedings : the 3rd International Multi-Conference on Engineering and Technological Innovation : June 29th - July 2nd, 2010, Orlando, Florida, USA ; vol. 2},
  booktitle = {Proceedings : the 3rd International Multi-Conference on Engineering and Technological Innovation : June 29th - July 2nd, 2010, Orlando, Florida, USA ; vol. 2},
  publisher = {IIIS},
  address   = {Winter Garden, Fla.},
  organization    = {International Multi-Conference on Engineering and Technological Innovation <3, 2010, Orlando, Fla.>},
  isbn      = {978-1-936338-03-0},
  pages     = {180 -- 183},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{StieglitzWollert2011,
  author    = {Stieglitz, Kristian and Wollert, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Approach of using ultra-wideband-radio in industrial real-time ethernet networks},
  series = {The 4th International Multi-Conference on Engineering and Technological Innovation : IMETI : July 19th - July 22nd, 2011, Orlando, Florida, USA},
  booktitle = {The 4th International Multi-Conference on Engineering and Technological Innovation : IMETI : July 19th - July 22nd, 2011, Orlando, Florida, USA},
  organization    = {International Multi-Conference on Engineering and Technological Innovation <4, 2011, Orlando, Fla.>},
  pages     = {1 -- 6},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Thomas2013,
  author    = {Thomas, Axel},
  title     = {Unternehmertum als Studienfach?!},
  series = {Innovation durch Kooperation : wie der Mittelstand durch Zusammenarbeit mit den Hochschulen seine Wettbewerbsf{\"a}higkeit steigert : Festschrift f{\"u}r Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Johannes Gartzen / Thomas Gartzen, Ute Gartzen (Hrsg.)},
  booktitle = {Innovation durch Kooperation : wie der Mittelstand durch Zusammenarbeit mit den Hochschulen seine Wettbewerbsf{\"a}higkeit steigert : Festschrift f{\"u}r Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Johannes Gartzen / Thomas Gartzen, Ute Gartzen (Hrsg.)},
  publisher = {Apprimus Verlag},
  address   = {Aachen},
  isbn      = {978-3-86359-136-6},
  pages     = {139 -- 144},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Thomas2010,
  author    = {Thomas, Axel},
  title     = {Rhetorische Knallfr{\"o}sche : Zitatensammlung f{\"u}r Politik und Wirtschaft},
  publisher = {Neck + Heyn},
  address   = {Aachen},
  isbn      = {978-3-00-033037-7},
  pages     = {145 S. : Ill.},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Thomas2012,
  author    = {Thomas, Axel},
  title     = {Rhetorische Knallfr{\"o}sche - reloaded : Zitatensammlung f{\"u}r Politik und Wirtschaft},
  publisher = {Neck + Heyn},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {201 S. : Ill.},
  year      = {2012},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Thomas2014,
  author    = {Thomas, Axel},
  title     = {Generation Y},
  series = {P.T. : Magazin f{\"u}r Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {P.T. : Magazin f{\"u}r Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {OPS Netzwerk},
  address   = {Leipzig},
  issn      = {1860-501X},
  pages     = {6 -- 9},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Thomas2019,
  author    = {Thomas, Axel},
  title     = {Die Wiederbelebung der Mitarbeiterwohnungsidee bei kommunalen Unternehmen},
  series = {VM Verwaltung und Management},
  volume    = {25},
  journal   = {VM Verwaltung und Management},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Nomos-Verl.-Ges.},
  address   = {Baden-Baden},
  issn      = {0947-9856},
  doi       = {10.5771/0947-9856-2019-6-286},
  pages     = {286 -- 291},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Thomas2018,
  author    = {Thomas, Axel},
  title     = {Technologiezentren in der Aachener Region - Retrospektiven und Perspektiven},
  series = {VM Verwaltung und Management},
  volume    = {24},
  journal   = {VM Verwaltung und Management},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Nomos},
  address   = {Baden-Baden},
  issn      = {0947-9856},
  doi       = {10.5771/0947-9856-2018-3-147},
  pages     = {147 -- 156},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Thomas2018,
  author    = {Thomas, Axel},
  title     = {Zielerreichungen der Technologie- und Gr{\"u}nderzentren aus Sicht der kommunalen Finanzwirtschaft - dargestellt am Beispiel der Aachener Region},
  series = {Der Gemeindehaushalt},
  volume    = {119},
  journal   = {Der Gemeindehaushalt},
  number    = {7},
  publisher = {Kohlhammer},
  address   = {Stuttgart},
  issn      = {0340-3645},
  pages     = {149 -- 155},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Thomas2016,
  author    = {Thomas, Axel},
  title     = {Genussrechte als Instrument der Unternehmensfinanzierung von kommunalen Wohnungs- baugesellschaften},
  series = {VM Verwaltung und Management},
  volume    = {22},
  journal   = {VM Verwaltung und Management},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Nomos},
  address   = {Baden-Baden},
  issn      = {0947-9856},
  doi       = {10.5771/0947-9856-2016-6-322},
  pages     = {322 -- 327},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Die kommunalen Wohnungsbaugesellschaften und ihr Gesch{\"a}ftszweck bzw. Versorgungsauftrag erfahren aus gesamtgesellschaftlichen Gr{\"u}nden aktuell einen erheblichen Bedeutungszuwachs. Der kommunale Wohnungsbau soll und muss intensiviert werden, da z.B. zunehmend Wohnungsbindungen auslaufen. Bezahlbare Neubauten fehlen speziell Familien, Senioren, Studenten und Fl{\"u}chtlingen. Um das Investitionsvolumen zu bew{\"a}ltigen, bedarf es nicht nur der F{\"o}rderkredite, sondern auch der Zuf{\"u}hrung „frischen Kapitals". Der Beitrag stellt dar, dass Genussrechte ein interessantes und oft unbekanntes Finanzierungsinstrument f{\"u}r kommunale Wohnungsbaugesellschaften mit passgenauen Ausgestaltungsm{\"o}glichkeiten sind. Mit Hilfe von Genussrechten k{\"o}nnen die notwendigen Neubau-Investitionen solide mit Quasi-Eigenkapital unterlegt werden und den sozialen Wohnungsbau wiederbeleben. Genussrechte als Hybridkapital lassen sich mangels gesetzlicher Eingrenzung exakt und individuell ebenso an die Bed{\"u}rfnisse der kommunalen Wohnungsbaugesellschaft anpassen wie an die der Gesellschafter und des jeweiligen Neubauvorhabens.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{ThomasWassenberg2014,
  author    = {Thomas, Axel and Wassenberg, Gerd},
  title     = {Erfolgreich sein im Kampf um die besten Talente : Employer Branding},
  series = {Wirtschaftliche Nachrichten der Industrie- und Handelskammer Aachen},
  journal   = {Wirtschaftliche Nachrichten der Industrie- und Handelskammer Aachen},
  publisher = {IHK Aachen},
  address   = {Aachen},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{ThomasWollert2000,
  author    = {Thomas, F. and Wollert, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Internet und OO-Systeme in der Logistik},
  series = {Risikofaktor Software : Tagung Mannheim, 21. und 22.November 2000. (VDI-Berichte ; 1577)},
  booktitle = {Risikofaktor Software : Tagung Mannheim, 21. und 22.November 2000. (VDI-Berichte ; 1577)},
  publisher = {VDI-Verl.},
  address   = {H{\"u}thig},
  organization    = {Gesellschaft F{\"o}rdertechnik, Materialfluss und Logistik},
  isbn      = {3180915773},
  pages     = {149 -- 164},
  year      = {2000},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{ThurnBalcGebhardtetal.2017,
  author    = {Thurn, Laura and Balc, Nicolae and Gebhardt, Andreas and Kessler, Julia},
  title     = {Education packed in technology to promote innovations: Teaching Additive Manufacturing based on a rolling Lab},
  series = {Modern Technologies in Manufacturing (MTeM 2017 - AMaTUC)},
  booktitle = {Modern Technologies in Manufacturing (MTeM 2017 - AMaTUC)},
  issn      = {2261-236X},
  doi       = {10.1051/matecconf/201713702013},
  pages     = {6 Seiten},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ThurnGebhardt2017,
  author    = {Thurn, Laura and Gebhardt, Andreas},
  title     = {Arousing Enthusiasm for STEM: Teaching 3D Printing Technology},
  series = {Conference Proceedings: New Perspectives in Science Education},
  booktitle = {Conference Proceedings: New Perspectives in Science Education},
  publisher = {liberiauniversitaria.it},
  address   = {Padua},
  isbn      = {978-88-6292-847-2},
  pages     = {87 -- 92},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ThurnGebhardt2018,
  author    = {Thurn, Laura and Gebhardt, Andreas},
  title     = {Strategy of Education on Materials for Students},
  series = {Conference Proceedings: „New Perspectives in Science Education"},
  booktitle = {Conference Proceedings: „New Perspectives in Science Education"},
  address   = {Florence, Italy},
  isbn      = {978-88-6292-976-9},
  pages     = {156 -- 161},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{TroederBennerAltherretal.1999,
  author    = {Troeder, Christoph and Benner, Joachim and Altherr, Marcel and Schiessl, Helmut F.},
  title     = {Topfspinnvorrichtung : [Offenlegungsschrift]},
  publisher = {Deutsches Patent- und Markenamt ; Weltorganisation f{\"u}r Geistiges Eigentum},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen ; Genf},
  year      = {1999},
  abstract  = {"The invention relates to a pot spinning device (1) comprising a thread guide (9) which can be moved backwards and forwards and introduced into an opening (8) on the end side of the pot (7) so as to deposit a thread on the inside wall of a spinning pot. In order to improve upon pot spinning devices of this kind, the spinning pot is connected to an electric drive mechanism (10), mounted in magnetic bearings and provided with a gastight housing. Said housing encompasses the spinning pot (7), is open in the area where there is an opening in the end side of the pot and is provided with a seal (19) to seal off the intermediate area (17) between the housing and spinning pot. The housing is also connected to a supply of light-gas via a feed line (18), thereby enabling a light-gas atmosphere to be maintained in the intermediate area."},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{TroederBennerSpielvogeletal.1986,
  author    = {Troeder, Christoph and Benner, Joachim and Spielvogel, A. and Platt, Werner},
  title     = {Expertensystem w{\"a}hlt und dimensioniert drehelastische Kupplungen},
  series = {Technische Rundschau : TR ; das Schweizer Industrie-Magazin},
  volume    = {78},
  journal   = {Technische Rundschau : TR ; das Schweizer Industrie-Magazin},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Binkert Medien},
  address   = {Laufenburg},
  issn      = {0040-1498},
  pages     = {92 -- 95},
  year      = {1986},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{UlmerBraunChengetal.2020,
  author    = {Ulmer, Jessica and Braun, Sebastian and Cheng, Chi-Tsun and Dowey, Steve and Wollert, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Simulation und Verifikation komplexer Handarbeitsprozesse durch die Kombination von Virtual Reality und Augmented Reality im Single-Piece-Workflow},
  series = {Tagungsband: AALE 2020},
  booktitle = {Tagungsband: AALE 2020},
  isbn      = {978-3-8007-5180-8},
  pages     = {4 Seiten},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{UlmerBraunChengetal.2021,
  author    = {Ulmer, Jessica and Braun, Sebastian and Cheng, Chi-Tsun and Dowey, Steve and Wollert, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Adapting augmented reality systems to the users' needs using gamification and error solving methods},
  series = {Procedia CIRP - 54th CIRP CMS 2021 - Towards Digitalized Manufacturing 4.0},
  volume    = {104},
  booktitle = {Procedia CIRP - 54th CIRP CMS 2021 - Towards Digitalized Manufacturing 4.0},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {2212-8271},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.024},
  pages     = {140 -- 145},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Animations of virtual items in AR support systems are typically predefined and lack interactions with dynamic physical environments. AR applications rarely consider users' preferences and do not provide customized spontaneous support under unknown situations. This research focuses on developing adaptive, error-tolerant AR systems based on directed acyclic graphs and error resolving strategies. Using this approach, users will have more freedom of choice during AR supported work, which leads to more efficient workflows. Error correction methods based on CAD models and predefined process data create individual support possibilities. The framework is implemented in the Industry 4.0 model factory at FH Aachen.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{UlmerBraunChengetal.2020,
  author    = {Ulmer, Jessica and Braun, Sebastian and Cheng, Chi-Tsun and Dowey, Steve and Wollert, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Human-Centered Gamification Framework for Manufacturing Systems},
  series = {Procedia CIRP},
  volume    = {93},
  journal   = {Procedia CIRP},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {2212-8271},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.procir.2020.04.076},
  pages     = {670 -- 675},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {While bringing new opportunities, the Industry 4.0 movement also imposes new challenges to the manufacturing industry and all its stakeholders. In this competitive environment, a skilled and engaged workforce is a key to success. Gamification can generate valuable feedbacks for improving employees' engagement and performance. Currently, Gamification in workspaces focuses on computer-based assignments and training, while tasks that require manual labor are rarely considered. This research provides an overview of Enterprise Gamification approaches and evaluates the challenges. Based on that, a skill-based Gamification framework for manual tasks is proposed, and a case study in the Industry 4.0 model factory is shown.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{UlmerBraunChengetal.2022,
  author    = {Ulmer, Jessica and Braun, Sebastian and Cheng, Chi-Tsun and Dowey, Steve and Wollert, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Gamification of virtual reality assembly training: Effects of a combined point and level system on motivation and training results},
  series = {International Journal of Human-Computer Studies},
  volume    = {165},
  journal   = {International Journal of Human-Computer Studies},
  number    = {Art. No. 102854},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1071-5819},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.ijhcs.2022.102854},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Virtual Reality (VR) offers novel possibilities for remote training regardless of the availability of the actual equipment, the presence of specialists, and the training locations. Research shows that training environments that adapt to users' preferences and performance can promote more effective learning. However, the observed results can hardly be traced back to specific adaptive measures but the whole new training approach. This study analyzes the effects of a combined point and leveling VR-based gamification system on assembly training targeting specific training outcomes and users' motivations. The Gamified-VR-Group with 26 subjects received the gamified training, and the Non-Gamified-VR-Group with 27 subjects received the alternative without gamified elements. Both groups conducted their VR training at least three times before assembling the actual structure. The study found that a level system that gradually increases the difficulty and error probability in VR can significantly lower real-world error rates, self-corrections, and support usages. According to our study, a high error occurrence at the highest training level reduced the Gamified-VR-Group's feeling of competence compared to the Non-Gamified-VR-Group, but at the same time also led to lower error probabilities in real-life. It is concluded that a level system with a variable task difficulty should be combined with carefully balanced positive and negative feedback messages. This way, better learning results, and an improved self-evaluation can be achieved while not causing significant impacts on the participants' feeling of competence.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{UlmerBraunChengetal.2020,
  author    = {Ulmer, Jessica and Braun, Sebastian and Cheng, Chi-Tsun and Dowey, Steve and Wollert, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Gamified Virtual Reality Training Environment for the Manufacturing Industry},
  series = {Proceedings of the 2020 19th International Conference on Mechatronics - Mechatronika (ME)},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2020 19th International Conference on Mechatronics - Mechatronika (ME)},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {New York, NY},
  doi       = {10.1109/ME49197.2020.9286661},
  pages     = {1 -- 6},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Industry 4.0 imposes many challenges for manufacturing companies and their employees. Innovative and effective training strategies are required to cope with fast-changing production environments and new manufacturing technologies. Virtual Reality (VR) offers new ways of on-the-job, on-demand, and off-premise training. A novel concept and evaluation system combining Gamification and VR practice for flexible assembly tasks is proposed in this paper and compared to existing works. It is based on directed acyclic graphs and a leveling system. The concept enables a learning speed which is adjustable to the users' pace and dynamics, while the evaluation system facilitates adaptive work sequences and allows employee-specific task fulfillment. The concept was implemented and analyzed in the Industry 4.0 model factory at FH Aachen for mechanical assembly jobs.},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{UlmerBraunChengetal.2022,
  author    = {Ulmer, Jessica and Braun, Sebastian and Cheng, Chi-Tsun and Dowey, Steve and Wollert, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Usage of digital twins for gamification applications in manufacturing},
  series = {Procedia CIRP Leading manufacturing systems transformation - Proceedings of the 55th CIRP Conference on Manufacturing Systems 2022},
  volume    = {107},
  booktitle = {Procedia CIRP Leading manufacturing systems transformation - Proceedings of the 55th CIRP Conference on Manufacturing Systems 2022},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {2212-8271},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.procir.2022.05.044},
  pages     = {675 -- 680},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Gamification applications are on the rise in the manufacturing sector to customize working scenarios, offer user-specific feedback, and provide personalized learning offerings. Commonly, different sensors are integrated into work environments to track workers' actions. Game elements are selected according to the work task and users' preferences. However, implementing gamified workplaces remains challenging as different data sources must be established, evaluated, and connected. Developers often require information from several areas of the companies to offer meaningful gamification strategies for their employees. Moreover, work environments and the associated support systems are usually not flexible enough to adapt to personal needs. Digital twins are one primary possibility to create a uniform data approach that can provide semantic information to gamification applications. Frequently, several digital twins have to interact with each other to provide information about the workplace, the manufacturing process, and the knowledge of the employees. This research aims to create an overview of existing digital twin approaches for digital support systems and presents a concept to use digital twins for gamified support and training systems. The concept is based upon the Reference Architecture Industry 4.0 (RAMI 4.0) and includes information about the whole life cycle of the assets. It is applied to an existing gamified training system and evaluated in the Industry 4.0 model factory by an example of a handle mounting.},
  language  = {en}
}