@inproceedings{UlmerBraunChengetal.2022, author = {Ulmer, Jessica and Braun, Sebastian and Cheng, Chi-Tsun and Dowey, Steve and Wollert, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Usage of digital twins for gamification applications in manufacturing}, series = {Procedia CIRP Leading manufacturing systems transformation - Proceedings of the 55th CIRP Conference on Manufacturing Systems 2022}, volume = {107}, booktitle = {Procedia CIRP Leading manufacturing systems transformation - Proceedings of the 55th CIRP Conference on Manufacturing Systems 2022}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2212-8271}, doi = {10.1016/j.procir.2022.05.044}, pages = {675 -- 680}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Gamification applications are on the rise in the manufacturing sector to customize working scenarios, offer user-specific feedback, and provide personalized learning offerings. Commonly, different sensors are integrated into work environments to track workers' actions. Game elements are selected according to the work task and users' preferences. However, implementing gamified workplaces remains challenging as different data sources must be established, evaluated, and connected. Developers often require information from several areas of the companies to offer meaningful gamification strategies for their employees. Moreover, work environments and the associated support systems are usually not flexible enough to adapt to personal needs. Digital twins are one primary possibility to create a uniform data approach that can provide semantic information to gamification applications. Frequently, several digital twins have to interact with each other to provide information about the workplace, the manufacturing process, and the knowledge of the employees. This research aims to create an overview of existing digital twin approaches for digital support systems and presents a concept to use digital twins for gamified support and training systems. The concept is based upon the Reference Architecture Industry 4.0 (RAMI 4.0) and includes information about the whole life cycle of the assets. It is applied to an existing gamified training system and evaluated in the Industry 4.0 model factory by an example of a handle mounting.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DannenSchindelePruemmeretal.2022, author = {Dannen, Tammo and Schindele, Benedikt and Pr{\"u}mmer, Marcel and Arntz, Kristian and Bergs, Thomas}, title = {Methodology for the self-optimizing determination of additive manufacturing process eligibility and optimization potentials in toolmaking}, series = {Procedia CIRP Leading manufacturing systems transformation - Proceedings of the 55th CIRP Conference on Manufacturing Systems 2022}, volume = {107}, booktitle = {Procedia CIRP Leading manufacturing systems transformation - Proceedings of the 55th CIRP Conference on Manufacturing Systems 2022}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2212-8271}, doi = {10.1016/j.procir.2022.05.188}, pages = {1539 -- 1544}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Additive Manufacturing (AM) of metallic workpieces faces a continuously rising technological relevance and market size. Producing complex or highly strained unique workpieces is a significant field of application, making AM highly relevant for tool components. Its successful economic application requires systematic workpiece based decisions and optimizations. Considering geometric and technological requirements as well as the necessary post-processing makes deciding effortful and requires in-depth knowledge. As design is usually adjusted to established manufacturing, associated technological and strategic potentials are often neglected. To embed AM in a future proof industrial environment, software-based self-learning tools are necessary. Integrated into production planning, they enable companies to unlock the potentials of AM efficiently. This paper presents an appropriate methodology for the analysis of process-specific AM-eligibility and optimization potential, added up by concrete optimization proposals. For an integrated workpiece characterization, proven methods are enlarged by tooling-specific figures. The first stage of the approach specifies the model's initialization. A learning set of tooling components is described using the developed key figure system. Based on this, a set of applicable rules for workpiece-specific result determination is generated through clustering and expert evaluation. Within the following application stage, strategic orientation is quantified and workpieces of interest are described using the developed key figures. Subsequently, the retrieved information is used for automatically generating specific recommendations relying on the generated ruleset of stage one. Finally, actual experiences regarding the recommendations are gathered within stage three. Statistic learning transfers those to the generated ruleset leading to a continuously deepening knowledge base. This process enables a steady improvement in output quality.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ChavezBermudezCruzCastanonRuchayetal.2022, author = {Chavez Bermudez, Victor Francisco and Cruz Castanon, Victor Fernando and Ruchay, Marco and Wollert, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Rapid prototyping framework for automation applications based on IO-Link}, series = {Tagungsband AALE 2022: Wissenstransfer im Spannungsfeld von Autonomisierung und Fachkr{\"a}ftemangel}, booktitle = {Tagungsband AALE 2022: Wissenstransfer im Spannungsfeld von Autonomisierung und Fachkr{\"a}ftemangel}, editor = {Leipzig, Hochschule f{\"u}r Technik, Wirtschaft und Kultur}, address = {Leipzig}, isbn = {978-3-910103-00-9}, doi = {10.33968/2022.28}, pages = {8 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The development of protype applications with sensors and actuators in the automation industry requires tools that are independent of manufacturer, and are flexible enough to be modified or extended for any specific requirements. Currently, developing prototypes with industrial sensors and actuators is not straightforward. First of all, the exchange of information depends on the industrial protocol that these devices have. Second, a specific configuration and installation is done based on the hardware that is used, such as automation controllers or industrial gateways. This means that the development for a specific industrial protocol, highly depends on the hardware and the software that vendors provide. In this work we propose a rapid-prototyping framework based on Arduino to solve this problem. For this project we have focused to work with the IO-Link protocol. The framework consists of an Arduino shield that acts as the physical layer, and a software that implements the IO-Link Master protocol. The main advantage of such framework is that an application with industrial devices can be rapid-prototyped with ease as its vendor independent, open-source and can be ported easily to other Arduino compatible boards. In comparison, a typical approach requires proprietary hardware, is not easy to port to another system and is closed-source.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{UlmerMostafaWollert2022, author = {Ulmer, Jessica and Mostafa, Youssef and Wollert, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Digital Twin Academy: From Zero to Hero through individual learning experiences}, series = {Tagungsband AALE 2022: Wissenstransfer im Spannungsfeld von Autonomisierung und Fachkr{\"a}ftemangel}, booktitle = {Tagungsband AALE 2022: Wissenstransfer im Spannungsfeld von Autonomisierung und Fachkr{\"a}ftemangel}, isbn = {978-3-910103-00-9}, doi = {10.33968/2022.33}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:l189-qucosa2-776097}, pages = {1 -- 9}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Digital twins are seen as one of the key technologies of Industry 4.0. Although many research groups focus on digital twins and create meaningful outputs, the technology has not yet reached a broad application in the industry. The main reasons for this imbalance are the complexity of the topic, the lack of specialists, and the unawareness of the twin opportunities. The project "Digital Twin Academy" aims to overcome these barriers by focusing on three actions: Building a digital twin community for discussion and exchange, offering multi-stage training for various knowledge levels, and implementing realworld use cases for deeper insights and guidance. In this work, we focus on creating a flexible learning platform that allows the user to select a training path adjusted to personal knowledge and needs. Therefore, a mix of basic and advanced modules is created and expanded by individual feedback options. The usage of personas supports the selection of the appropriate modules.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{UlmerBraunWollert2021, author = {Ulmer, Jessica and Braun, Sebastian and Wollert, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Adaptive VR-Produktionsumgebungen f{\"u}r Evaluations- und Schulungst{\"a}tigkeiten}, series = {Automation 2021: Navigating towards resilient Production}, booktitle = {Automation 2021: Navigating towards resilient Production}, publisher = {VDI}, address = {D{\"u}sseldorf}, isbn = {978-3-18-092392-5}, issn = {0083-5560}, doi = {10.51202/9783181023921-55}, pages = {55 -- 64}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Industrie 4.0 stellt viele Herausforderungen an produzierende Unternehmen und ihre Besch{\"a}f-tigten. Innovative und effektive Trainingsstrategien sind erforderlich, um mit den sich schnell ver{\"a}ndernden Produktionsumgebungen und neuen Fertigungstechnologien Schritt halten zu k{\"o}nnen. Virtual Reality (VR) bietet neue M{\"o}glichkeiten f{\"u}r On-the-Job, On-Demand- und Off-Premise-Schulungen. Diese Arbeit stellt ein neues VR Schulungssystem vor, welches sich flexible an unterschiedliche Trainingsobjekte auf Grundlage von Rezepten und CAD Modellen anpassen l{\"a}sst. Das Konzept basiert auf gerichteten azyklischen Graphen und einem Level-system. Es erm{\"o}glicht eine benutzerindividuelle Lerngeschwindigkeit mittels visueller Ele-mente. Das Konzept wurde f{\"u}r einen mechanischen Anwendungsfall mit Industriekomponen-ten implementiert und in der Industrie 4.0-Modellfabrik der FH Aachen umgesetzt.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{WeissHeslenfeldSaeweetal.2022, author = {Weiss, Christian and Heslenfeld, Jonas and Saewe, Jasmin Kathrin and Bremen, Sebastian and H{\"a}fner, Constantin Leon}, title = {Investigation on the influence of powder humidity in Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF)}, series = {Procedia CIRP 12th CIRP Conference on Photonic Technologies [LANE 2022]}, volume = {111}, booktitle = {Procedia CIRP 12th CIRP Conference on Photonic Technologies [LANE 2022]}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2212-8271}, doi = {10.1016/j.procir.2022.08.102}, pages = {115 -- 120}, year = {2022}, abstract = {In the Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) process, parts are built out of metal powder material by exposure of a laser beam. During handling operations of the powder material, several influencing factors can affect the properties of the powder material and therefore directly influence the processability during manufacturing. Contamination by moisture due to handling operations is one of the most critical aspects of powder quality. In order to investigate the influences of powder humidity on LPBF processing, four materials (AlSi10Mg, Ti6Al4V, 316L and IN718) are chosen for this study. The powder material is artificially humidified, subsequently characterized, manufactured into cubic samples in a miniaturized process chamber and analyzed for their relative density. The results indicate that the processability and reproducibility of parts made of AlSi10Mg and Ti6Al4V are susceptible to humidity, while IN718 and 316L are barely influenced.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KaschSchmidtEichleretal.2020, author = {Kasch, Susanne and Schmidt, Thomas and Eichler, Fabian and Thurn, Laura and Jahn, Simon and Bremen, Sebastian}, title = {Solution approaches and process concepts for powder bed-based melting of glass}, series = {Industrializing Additive Manufacturing. Proceedings of AMPA2020}, booktitle = {Industrializing Additive Manufacturing. Proceedings of AMPA2020}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-54333-4 (Print)}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-54334-1_7}, pages = {82 -- 95}, year = {2020}, abstract = {In the study, the process chain of additive manufacturing by means of powder bed fusion will be presented based on the material glass. In order to reliably process components additively, new concepts with different solutions were developed and investigated. Compared to established metallic materials, the properties of glass materials differ significantly. Therefore, the process control was adapted to the material glass in the investigations. With extensive parameter studies based on various glass powders such as borosilicate glass and quartz glass, scientifically proven results on powder bed fusion of glass are presented. Based on the determination of the particle properties with different methods, extensive investigations are made regarding the melting behavior of glass by means of laser beams. Furthermore, the experimental setup was steadily expanded. In addition to the integration of coaxial temperature measurement and regulation, preheating of the building platform is of major importance. This offers the possibility to perform 3D printing at the transformation temperatures of the glass materials. To improve the component's properties, the influence of a subsequent heat treatment was also investigated. The experience gained was incorporated into a new experimental system, which allows a much better exploration of the 3D printing of glass. Currently, studies are being conducted to improve surface texture, building accuracy, and geometrical capabilities using three-dimensional specimen. The contribution shows the development of research in the field of 3D printing of glass, gives an insight into the machine and process engineering as well as an outlook on the possibilities and applications.}, language = {en} }