@inproceedings{KraftNagl2004,
  author    = {Kraft, Bodo and Nagl, Manfred},
  title     = {Parameterized specification of conceptual design tools in civil engineering},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Applications of Graph Transformations with Industrial Relevance Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2004, Volume 3062/2004, 90-105, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-25959-6_7 In this paper we discuss how tools for conceptual design in civil engineering can be developed using graph transformation specifications. These tools consist of three parts: (a) for elaborating specific conceptual knowledge (knowledge engineer), (b) for working out conceptual design results (architect), and (c) automatic consistency analyses which guarantee that design results are consistent with the underlying specific conceptual knowledge. For the realization of such tools we use a machinery based on graph transformations. In a traditional PROGRES tool specification the conceptual knowledge for a class of buildings is hard-wired within the specification. This is not appropriate for the experimentation platform approach we present in this paper, as objects and relations for conceptual knowledge are due to many changes, implied by evaluation of their use and corresponding improvements. Therefore, we introduce a parametric specification method with the following characteristics: (1) The underlying specific knowledge for a class of buildings is not fixed. Instead, it is built up as a data base by using the knowledge tools. (2) The specification for the architect tools also does not incorporate specific conceptual knowledge. (3) An incremental checker guarantees whether a design result is consistent with the current state of the underlying conceptual knowledge (data base).},
  subject      = {CAD},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{Kraft2004,
  author    = {Kraft, Bodo},
  title     = {Conceptual design tools for civil engineering},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Applications of Graph Transformations with Industrial Relevance Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2004, Volume 3062/2004, 434-439, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-25959-6_33 This paper gives a brief overview of the tools we have developed to support conceptual design in civil engineering. Based on the UPGRADE framework, two applications, one for the knowledge engineer and another for architects allow to store domain specific knowledge and to use this knowledge during conceptual design. Consistency analyses check the design against the defined knowledge and inform the architect if rules are violated.},
  subject      = {CAD},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KraftNagl2003,
  author    = {Kraft, Bodo and Nagl, Manfred},
  title     = {Semantic tool support for conceptual design},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {ITCE-2003 - 4th Joint Symposium on Information Technology in Civil Engineering ed Flood, I., Seite 1-12, ASCE (CD-ROM), Nashville, USA In this paper we discussed graph based tools to support architects during the conceptual design phase. Conceptual Design is defined before constructive design; the used concepts are more abstract. We develop two graph based approaches, a topdown using the graph rewriting system PROGRES and a more industrially oriented approach, where we extend the CAD system ArchiCAD. In both approaches, knowledge can be defined by a knowledge engineer, in the top-down approach in the domain model graph, in the bottom-up approach in the in an XML file. The defined knowledge is used to incrementally check the sketch and to inform the architect about violations of the defined knowledge. Our goal is to discover design error as soon as possible and to support the architect to design buildings with consideration of conceptual knowledge.},
  subject      = {CAD},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KraftWilhelms2004,
  author    = {Kraft, Bodo and Wilhelms, N.},
  title     = {Interactive distributed knowledge support for conceptual building design},
  isbn      = {3-86068-213-X},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {In: Net-distributed Co-operation : Xth International Conference on Computing in Civil and Building Engineering, Weimar, June 02 - 04, 2004 ; proceedings / [ed. by Karl Beuke ...] . - Weimar: Bauhaus-Univ. Weimar 2004. - 1. Aufl. . Seite 1-14 ISBN 3-86068-213-X International Conference on Computing in Civil and Building Engineering <10, 2004, Weimar> Summary In our project, we develop new tools for the conceptual design phase. During conceptual design, the coarse functionality and organization of a building is more important than a detailed worked out construction. We identify two roles, first the knowledge engineer who is responsible for knowledge definition and maintenance; second the architect who elaborates the conceptual de-sign. The tool for the knowledge engineer is based on graph technology, it is specified using PROGRES and the UPGRADE framework. The tools for the architect are integrated to the in-dustrial CAD tool ArchiCAD. Consistency between knowledge and conceptual design is en-sured by the constraint checker, another extension to ArchiCAD.},
  subject      = {CAD},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{BallmannRaatschenStaat1985,
  author    = {Ballmann, J. and Raatschen, Hans-J{\"u}rgen and Staat, Manfred},
  title     = {High stress intensities in focussing zones of waves},
  doi       = {10.1016/B978-0-444-42520-1.50015-3},
  year      = {1985},
  abstract  = {The propagation of mechanical waves in plates of isotropic elastic material is investigated. After a short introduction to the understanding of focussing of stress waves in a plate with a curved boundary the method of characteristics is applied to a plate of hyperelastic material. Using this method the propagation of acceleration waves is discussed. Based on this a numerical difference scheme is developed for solving initial-boundary-value problems and applied to two examples: propagation of a point disturbance in a homogeneously finitely strained non-linear elastic plate and geometrical focussing in al linear elastic plate.},
  subject      = {Technische Mechanik},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{TranStaatKreissig2007,
  author    = {Tran, Thanh Ngoc and Staat, Manfred and Kreißig, R.},
  title     = {Finite element shakedown and limit reliability analysis of thin shells},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {A procedure for the evaluation of the failure probability of elastic-plastic thin shell structures is presented. The procedure involves a deterministic limit and shakedown analysis for each probabilistic iteration which is based on the kinematical approach and the use the exact Ilyushin yield surface. Based on a direct definition of the limit state function, the non-linear problems may be efficiently solved by using the First and Second Order Reliabiblity Methods (Form/SORM). This direct approach reduces considerably the necessary knowledge of uncertain technological input data, computing costs and the numerical error. In: Computational plasticity / ed. by Eugenio Onate. Dordrecht: Springer 2007. VII, 265 S. (Computational Methods in Applied Sciences ; 7) (COMPLAS IX. Part 1 . International Center for Numerical Methods in Engineering (CIMNE)). ISBN 978-1-402-06576-7 S. 186-189},
  subject      = {Finite-Elemente-Methode},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{StaatTranPham2008,
  author    = {Staat, Manfred and Tran, Thanh Ngoc and Pham, Phu Tinh},
  title     = {Limit and shakedown reliability analysis by nonlinear programming},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {7th International Conference on Reliability of Materials and Structures (RELMAS 2008). June 17 - 20, 2008 ; Saint Petersburg, Russia. pp 354-358. Reprint with corrections in red Introduction Analysis of advanced structures working under extreme heavy loading such as nuclear power plants and piping system should take into account the randomness of loading, geometrical and material parameters. The existing reliability are restricted mostly to the elastic working regime, e.g. allowable local stresses. Development of the limit and shakedown reliability-based analysis and design methods, exploiting potential of the shakedown working regime, is highly needed. In this paper the application of a new algorithm of probabilistic limit and shakedown analysis for shell structures is presented, in which the loading and strength of the material as well as the thickness of the shell are considered as random variables. The reliability analysis problems may be efficiently solved by using a system combining the available FE codes, a deterministic limit and shakedown analysis, and the First and Second Order Reliability Methods (FORM/SORM). Non-linear sensitivity analyses are obtained directly from the solution of the deterministic problem without extra computational costs.},
  subject      = {Finite-Elemente-Methode},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{TranPhamStaat2008,
  author    = {Tran, Thanh Ngoc and Pham, Phu Tinh and Staat, Manfred},
  title     = {Reliability analysis of shells based on direct plasticity methods},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {Abstracts der CD-Rom Proceedings of the 8th World Congress on Computational Mechanics (WCCM8) and 5th Congress on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences and Engineering (ECCOMAS 2008) 30.06. - 04.07.2008 Venedig, Italien. 2 Seiten Zusammenfassung der Autoren mit graph. Darst. und Literaturverzeichnis},
  subject      = {Finite-Elemente-Methode},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Staat2006,
  author    = {Staat, Manfred},
  title     = {Problems and chances for probabilistic fracture mechanics in the analysis of steel pressure boundary reliability. - {\"U}berarb. Ausg.},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {In: Technical feasibility and reliability of passive safety systems for nuclear power plants. Proceedings of an Advisory Group Meeting held in J{\"u}lich, 21-24 November 1994. - Vienna , 1996. - Seite: 43 - 55 IAEA-TECDOC-920 Abstract: It is shown that the difficulty for probabilistic fracture mechanics (PFM) is the general problem of the high reliability of a small population. There is no way around the problem as yet. Therefore what PFM can contribute to the reliability of steel pressure boundaries is demon­strated with the example of a typical reactor pressure vessel and critically discussed. Although no method is distinguishable that could give exact failure probabilities, PFM has several addi­tional chances. Upper limits for failure probability may be obtained together with trends for design and operating conditions. Further, PFM can identify the most sensitive parameters, improved control of which would increase reliability. Thus PFM should play a vital role in the analysis of steel pressure boundaries despite all shortcomings.},
  subject      = {Bruchmechanik},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{TranStaatKreissig2007,
  author    = {Tran, Thanh Ngoc and Staat, Manfred and Kreißig, R.},
  title     = {Calculation of load carrying capacity of shell structures with elasto-plastic material by direct methods},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {Proceedings of the International Conference on Material Theory and Nonlinear Dynamics. MatDyn. Hanoi, Vietnam, Sept. 24-26, 2007, 8 p. In this paper, a method is introduced to determine the limit load of general shells using the finite element method. The method is based on an upper bound limit and shakedown analysis with elastic-perfectly plastic material model. A non-linear constrained optimisation problem is solved by using Newton's method in conjunction with a penalty method and the Lagrangean dual method. Numerical investigation of a pipe bend subjected to bending moments proves the effectiveness of the algorithm.},
  subject      = {Finite-Elemente-Methode},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{TranNovacekTolbaetal.2011,
  author    = {Tran, Thanh Ngoc and Novacek, V. and Tolba, R. and Klinge, U. and Turquier, F. and Staat, Manfred},
  title     = {Experimental and Computational approach to study colorectal anastomosis. ISB2011, Proceedings of the XXIII Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics, Brussels, Belgium, July 3-7, 2011},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {Summary: This paper presents a methodology to study and understand the mechanics of stapled anastomotic behaviors by combining empirical experimentation and finite element analysis. Performance of stapled anastomosis is studied in terms of leakage and numerical results which are compared to in vitro experiments performed on fresh porcine tissue. Results suggest that leaks occur between the tissue and staple legs penetrating through the tissue.},
  subject      = {Anastomose},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{DigelTemizArtmannNojimaetal.2003,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l and Nojima, H. and Artmann, Gerhard},
  title     = {Some peculiarities of application of cluster ions generated by plasma in respect of indoor air purification :[abstract]},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Recently, the SHARP Corporation, Japan, has developed the world's first "Plasma Cluster Ions (PCI)" air purification technology using plasma discharge to generate cluster ions. The new plasma cluster device releases positive and negative ions into the air, which are able to decompose and deactivate harmful airborne substances by chemical reactions. Because cluster ions consist of positive and negative ions that normally exist in the natural world, they are completely harmless and safe to humans. The amount of ozone generated by cluster ions is less than 0.01 ppm, which is significantly less than the 0.05-ppm standard for industrial operations and consumer electronics. This amount, thus, has no harming effects whatsoever on the human body. But particular properties and chemical processes in PCI treatment are still under study. It has been shown that PCI in most cases show strongly pronounced irreversible killing effects in respect of airborne microflora due to free-radical induced reactions and can be considered as a potent technology to disinfect both home, medical and industrial appliances.},
  subject      = {Clusterion},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{DigelTemizArtmannNojimaetal.2003,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l and Nojima, H. and Artmann, Gerhard},
  title     = {Plasma-generated cluster ions' effects on indoor microflora : [abstract]},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Recently, SHARP corporation has developed the world's first "Plasma Cluster Ions® (PCI)" air purification technology, which uses plasma discharge to generate cluster ions. The new Plasma Cluster Device releases positive and negative ions into the air, which are harmless to humans and are able to decompose and deactivate airborne substances by chemical reactions. In the past, phenomenological tests on the efficacy of the PCI air purification technology on microbial cells have been conducted. In most cases, it has been shown that PCI demonstrated strongly pronounced killing effects on microorganisms. However, the particular mechanisms of PCI action still have to be uncovered.},
  subject      = {Clusterion},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{DigelTemizArtmannArtmannetal.2003,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l and Artmann, Gerhard and Nojima, H.},
  title     = {Plasma cluster ions (PCI) influence on microbial cells viability : [abstract]},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Recently, SHARP corporation has developed the world's first "Plasma Cluster Ions (PCI)" air purification technology, which uses plasma discharge to generate cluster ions. The new plasma cluster device releases into the air positive and negative ions, which are harmless to humans and are able to decompose and deactivate airborne substances by chemical reactions. A lot of phenomenological tests of the PCI air purification technology on microbial cells have been conducted. And, in most cases, it has been shown that PCI demonstrate strongly pronounced killing effect. Although, the particular mechanisms of PCI action are still not evident. We studied variations in resistance to PCI among gram-positive airborne microorganisms, as well as some dose-dependent, spatial, cultural and biochemical properties of PCI action in respect of Staphylococcus spp, Enterococcus spp, Micrococcus spp.},
  subject      = {Clusterion},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{HeitzerStaat2000,
  author    = {Heitzer, M. and Staat, Manfred},
  title     = {Direct FEM approach to design-by-analysis of pressurized components},
  year      = {2000},
  abstract  = {Abstracts of the ACHEMA 2000 - International Meeting on Chemical Engineering, Environmental Protection and Biotechnology, May 22 - 27, 2000. Frankfurt am Main. Achema 2000 : special edition / Linde. [Ed.: Linde AG. Red.: Volker R. Leski]. - Wiesbaden : Linde AG, 2000. - 56 p. : Ill., . - pp: 79 - 81},
  subject      = {Finite-Elemente-Methode},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{WolfUlbrich2007,
  author    = {Wolf, Martin R. and Ulbrich, Daniel},
  title     = {Decision-Support-System kokas zur Sanierungsplanung und Strategieentwicklung},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {Dr.-Ing. Martin Wolf ; Dipl.-Kaufm. Daniel Ulbrich , Dr. Pecher und Partner Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH, M{\"u}nchen. 31 S. (S. 139-168). Beitrag zum 1. Aachener Softwaretag in der Wasserwirtschaft < 1, 2007, Aachen>. Zusammenfasung [der Autoren] Die {\"o}ffentlichen Kanalnetze Deutschlands stellen mit einem Wert von rd. 330 Mrd. € ein enormes Anlageverm{\"o}gen dar. Auf Grund des oft schlechten Zustandes und geringer Ausgaben zur Instandhaltung und Erneuerung ist zu erwarten, dass durch die gegenw{\"a}rtige Sanierungspraxis eher ein Substanzwertverzehr des Kanalnetzes als ein Substanzwerterhalt im Sinne des Generationenvertrages erzielt wird. F{\"u}r einen nachhaltigen Betrieb und Erhalt der Kanalnetze sind deshalb Sanierungsstrategien erforderlich, die neben den technischen und gesetzlichen Anforderungen auch den mittel- und langfristigen Substanzwertverlauf ber{\"u}cksichtigen. Dieser wird beeinflusst vom erforderlichen oder durchgef{\"u}hrten Sanierungsumfang, Art und Zusammensetzung der ausgew{\"a}hlten Maßnahmen sowie der zeitlichen Abfolge der Sanierungsmaßnahmen. Erheblichen Einfluss auf den Substanzwertverlauf hat zudem die Ber{\"u}cksichtigung der hydraulischen Verh{\"a}ltnisse sowie der optisch nicht sichtbaren Undichtheiten. Entsprechend ist es erforderlich, die tats{\"a}chlich vorhandenen Defizite zu ermitteln und die Sanierungsmaßnahmen sowie eine Strategie zur Umsetzung zu erarbeiten. Da sich gezeigt hat, dass alleine die Einhaltung der technischen und gesetzlichen Anforderung f{\"u}r einen Substanzwerterhalt nicht ausreicht, muss die geplante Strategie im Dr.-Ing. Martin Wolf 139 von 170 Decision-Support-System kokas zur Sanierungsplanung und Strategieentwicklung 1. Aachener Softwaretag in der Wasserwirtschaft Hinblick auf die nachhaltige Wertentwicklung {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft und ggf. Anpassungen vorgenommen werden. Kurzfristig erzielte Einsparungen durch reduzierten Schadensumfang oder einseitige Maßnahmenwahl erm{\"o}glichen zwar im g{\"u}nstigsten Fall, die Anforderungen einzuhalten, gehen jedoch zwangsl{\"a}ufig zu Lasten des Substanzwertes und f{\"u}hren mittel- und langfristig zu einer Versch{\"a}rfung der Kosten- und Geb{\"u}hrensituation. Der monet{\"a}re, am konkreten Sanierungsaufwand orientierte Substanzwertansatz erm{\"o}glicht dabei, technische und kaufm{\"a}nnische Gesichtspunkte praxisnah zu verkn{\"u}pfen und den bestm{\"o}glichen Ausgleich zwischen den gegenl{\"a}ufigen Zielen Substanzwerterhalt und Geb{\"u}hrenkonstanz zu finden.},
  subject      = {Kanalisation},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{StaatHeitzerHicken1998,
  author    = {Staat, Manfred and Heitzer, M. and Hicken, E. F.},
  title     = {LISA, ein europ{\"a}isches Projekt zur direkten Berechnung der Tragf{\"a}higkeit duktiler Strukturen},
  year      = {1998},
  abstract  = {Traglast- und Einspielanalysen sind vereinfachte doch exakte Verfahren der Plastizit{\"a}t, die neben ausreichender Verformbarkeit keine einschr{\"a}nkenden Voraussetzungen beinhalten. Die Vereinfachungen betreffen die Beschaffung der Daten und Modelle f{\"u}r Details der Lastgeschichte und des Stoffverhaltens. Anders als die klassische Behandlung nichtlinearer Probleme der Strukturmechanik f{\"u}hrt die Methode auf Optimierungsprobleme. Diese sind bei realistischen FEM-Modellen sehr groß. Das hat die industrielle Anwendung der Traglast- und Einspielanalysen stark verz{\"o}gert. Diese Situation wird durch das Brite-EuRam Projekt LISA grundlegend ge{\"a}ndert. Die Autoren m{\"o}chten der Europ{\"a}ischen Kommission an dieser Stelle f{\"u}r die F{\"o}rderung ausdr{\"u}cklich danken. In LISA entsteht auf der Basis des industriellen FEM-Programms PERMAS ein Verfahren zur direkten Berechnung der Tragf{\"a}higkeit duktiler Strukturen. Damit kann der Betriebsbereich von Komponenten und Bauwerken auf den plastischen Bereich erweitert werden, ohne den Aufwand gegen{\"u}ber elastischen Analysen wesentlich zu erh{\"o}hen. Die beachtlichen Rechenzeitgewinne erlauben Parameterstudien und die Berechnung von Interaktionsdiagrammen, die einen schnellen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber m{\"o}gliche Betriebsbereiche vermitteln. Es zeigt sich, daß abh{\"a}ngig von der Komponente und ihren Belastungen teilweise entscheidende Sicherheitsgewinne zur Erweiterung der Betriebsbereiche erzielt werden k{\"o}nnen. Das Vorgehen erfordert vom Anwender oft ein gewisses Umdenken. Es werden keine Spannungen berechnet, um damit Sicherheit und Lebensdauer zu interpretieren. Statt dessen berechnet man direkt die gesuchte Sicherheit. Der Post-Prozessor wird nur noch zur Modell- und Rechenkontrolle ben{\"o}tigt. Das Vorgehen ist {\"a}nhlich der Stabilit{\"a}tsanalyse (Knicken, Beulen). Durch namhafte industrielle Projektpartner werden Validierung und die Anwendbarkeit auf eine breite Palette technischer Probleme garantiert. Die ebenfalls in LISA geplante Zuverl{\"a}ssigkeitsanalyse ist erst auf der Basis direkter Verfahren effektiv m{\"o}glich. Ohne Traglast- und Einspielanalyse ist plastische Strukturoptimierung auch heute kaum durchf{\"u}hrbar.},
  subject      = {Finite-Elemente-Methode},
  language  = {de}
}