@inproceedings{TranNovacekTolbaetal.2011,
  author    = {Tran, Thanh Ngoc and Novacek, V. and Tolba, R. and Klinge, U. and Turquier, F. and Staat, Manfred},
  title     = {Experimental and Computational approach to study colorectal anastomosis. ISB2011, Proceedings of the XXIII Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics, Brussels, Belgium, July 3-7, 2011},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {Summary: This paper presents a methodology to study and understand the mechanics of stapled anastomotic behaviors by combining empirical experimentation and finite element analysis. Performance of stapled anastomosis is studied in terms of leakage and numerical results which are compared to in vitro experiments performed on fresh porcine tissue. Results suggest that leaks occur between the tissue and staple legs penetrating through the tissue.},
  subject      = {Anastomose},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KernDikta2009,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Dikta, Gerhard},
  title     = {Probability of damage of electrical and electronic systems due to indirect lightning flashes - investigation of data from German insurance companies},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {In the presented paper data collected from the field related to damage statistics of electrical and electronic apparatus in household are reported and investigated. These damages (total number approx. 74000 cases), registered by five German insurance companies in 2005 and 2006, were adviced by customers as caused by lightning overvoltages. With the use of stochastical methods it is possible, to reasses the collected data and to distinguish between cases, which are with high probability caused by lightning overvoltages, and those, which are not. If there was an indication for a direct strike, this case was excluded, so the focus was only on indirect lightning flashes, i.e. only flashes to ground near the structure and flashes to or nearby an incoming service line were investigated. The data from the field contain the location of damaged apparatus (residence of the policy holder) and the distances of the nearest cloud-to-ground stroke to the location of the damage registered by the German lightning location network BLIDS at the date of damage. The statistical data along with some complementary numerical simulations allow to verify the correspondence of the Standards rules used for IEC 62305-2 with the field data and to define some correction needs. The results could lead to a better understanding whether a damage reported to an insurance company is really caused by indirect lightning, or not.},
  subject      = {Blitzschutz},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{StaatTranPham2008,
  author    = {Staat, Manfred and Tran, Thanh Ngoc and Pham, Phu Tinh},
  title     = {Limit and shakedown reliability analysis by nonlinear programming},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {7th International Conference on Reliability of Materials and Structures (RELMAS 2008). June 17 - 20, 2008 ; Saint Petersburg, Russia. pp 354-358. Reprint with corrections in red Introduction Analysis of advanced structures working under extreme heavy loading such as nuclear power plants and piping system should take into account the randomness of loading, geometrical and material parameters. The existing reliability are restricted mostly to the elastic working regime, e.g. allowable local stresses. Development of the limit and shakedown reliability-based analysis and design methods, exploiting potential of the shakedown working regime, is highly needed. In this paper the application of a new algorithm of probabilistic limit and shakedown analysis for shell structures is presented, in which the loading and strength of the material as well as the thickness of the shell are considered as random variables. The reliability analysis problems may be efficiently solved by using a system combining the available FE codes, a deterministic limit and shakedown analysis, and the First and Second Order Reliability Methods (FORM/SORM). Non-linear sensitivity analyses are obtained directly from the solution of the deterministic problem without extra computational costs.},
  subject      = {Finite-Elemente-Methode},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{TranPhamStaat2008,
  author    = {Tran, Thanh Ngoc and Pham, Phu Tinh and Staat, Manfred},
  title     = {Reliability analysis of shells based on direct plasticity methods},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {Abstracts der CD-Rom Proceedings of the 8th World Congress on Computational Mechanics (WCCM8) and 5th Congress on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences and Engineering (ECCOMAS 2008) 30.06. - 04.07.2008 Venedig, Italien. 2 Seiten Zusammenfassung der Autoren mit graph. Darst. und Literaturverzeichnis},
  subject      = {Finite-Elemente-Methode},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Kaemper2008,
  author    = {K{\"a}mper, Klaus-Peter},
  title     = {Lecture notes Sensors and Actuators WS 2008/2009},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {Password necessarily. Access only for Students by Prof. Dr. Klaus-Peter K{\"a}mper. Winter semester 2008/2009. 488 pages (pdf) Contents 1. Introduction 2. Introduction to Sensors 3. Introduction to Microfabrication 4. Pressure Sensors 5. Acceleration Sensors 6. Angular Rate Sensors 7. Position Sensors 8. Flow Sensors 9. Piezoelectric Actuators 10. Magnetostrictive Actuators 11. Actuators based on Shape Memory Alloys 12. Actuators based on Electrorheological Fluids 13. Actuators based on Magnetorheological Fluids 14. Index},
  subject      = {Sensor},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KraftNagl2007,
  author    = {Kraft, Bodo and Nagl, Manfred},
  title     = {Visual Knowledge Specification for Conceptual Design: Definition and Tool Support},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {In: Advanced Engineering Informatics. Vol 21, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 67-83 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2006.10.001 eds. J.C. Kunz, I.F.C. Smith and T. Tomiyama, Elsevier, Seite 1-22 Current CAD tools are not able to support the conceptual design phase, and none of them provides a consistency analysis for sketches produced by architects. This phase is fundamental and crucial for the whole design and construction process of a building. To give architects a better support, we developed a CAD tool for conceptual design and a knowledge specification tool. The knowledge is specific to one class of buildings and it can be reused. Based on a dynamic and domain-specific knowledge ontology, different types of design rules formalize this knowledge in a graph-based form. An expressive visual language provides a user-friendly, human readable representation. Finally, a consistency analysis tool enables conceptual designs to be checked against this formal conceptual knowledge. In this article, we concentrate on the knowledge specification part. For that, we introduce the concepts and usage of a novel visual language and describe its semantics. To demonstrate the usability of our approach, two graph-based visual tools for knowledge specification and conceptual design are explained.},
  subject      = {CAD},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ZhubanovaDigelNojimaetal.2007,
  author    = {Zhubanova, Azhar A. and Digel, Ilya and Nojima, H. and Artmann, Gerhard},
  title     = {The use of bactericidal effects of cluster ions generated by plasma in medical biotechnology},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {The most of conventional methods of air purification use the power of a fan to draw in air and pass it through a filter. The problem of bacterial contamination of inner parts of such a type of air conditioners in some cases draws attention towards alternative air-cleaning systems. Some manufacturers offer to use the ozone's bactericidal and deodorizing effects, but the wide spreading of such systems is restricted by the fact that toxic effects of ozone in respect of human beings are well known. In 2000 Sharp Inc. introduced "Plasma Cluster Ions (PCI)" air purification technology, which uses plasma discharge to generate cluster ions (I 0-14 ). This technology has been developed for those customers that are conscious about health and hygiene. In our experiments, we focused on some principal aspects of plasma-generated ions application - time-dependency and irreversibility of bactericidal action, spatial and kinetic characteristics of emitted cluster particles, their chemical targets in the microbial cells.},
  subject      = {Clusterion},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Kaemper2007,
  author    = {K{\"a}mper, Klaus-Peter},
  title     = {Lecture notes Sensors and Actuators},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {Kennwortgesch{\"u}tzter Zugang nur f{\"u}r Studierende bei Prof. Dr. Klaus-Peter K{\"a}mper. Wintersemester 2007/2008. Version vom 30.08.2007. 472 Seiten (pdf-Format)},
  subject      = {Sensor},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{TranStaatKreissig2007,
  author    = {Tran, Thanh Ngoc and Staat, Manfred and Kreißig, R.},
  title     = {Calculation of load carrying capacity of shell structures with elasto-plastic material by direct methods},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {Proceedings of the International Conference on Material Theory and Nonlinear Dynamics. MatDyn. Hanoi, Vietnam, Sept. 24-26, 2007, 8 p. In this paper, a method is introduced to determine the limit load of general shells using the finite element method. The method is based on an upper bound limit and shakedown analysis with elastic-perfectly plastic material model. A non-linear constrained optimisation problem is solved by using Newton's method in conjunction with a penalty method and the Lagrangean dual method. Numerical investigation of a pipe bend subjected to bending moments proves the effectiveness of the algorithm.},
  subject      = {Finite-Elemente-Methode},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{TranStaatKreissig2007,
  author    = {Tran, Thanh Ngoc and Staat, Manfred and Kreißig, R.},
  title     = {Finite element shakedown and limit reliability analysis of thin shells},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {A procedure for the evaluation of the failure probability of elastic-plastic thin shell structures is presented. The procedure involves a deterministic limit and shakedown analysis for each probabilistic iteration which is based on the kinematical approach and the use the exact Ilyushin yield surface. Based on a direct definition of the limit state function, the non-linear problems may be efficiently solved by using the First and Second Order Reliabiblity Methods (Form/SORM). This direct approach reduces considerably the necessary knowledge of uncertain technological input data, computing costs and the numerical error. In: Computational plasticity / ed. by Eugenio Onate. Dordrecht: Springer 2007. VII, 265 S. (Computational Methods in Applied Sciences ; 7) (COMPLAS IX. Part 1 . International Center for Numerical Methods in Engineering (CIMNE)). ISBN 978-1-402-06576-7 S. 186-189},
  subject      = {Finite-Elemente-Methode},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KraftRetkowitz2006,
  author    = {Kraft, Bodo and Retkowitz, Daniel},
  title     = {Rule-Dependencies for Visual Knowledge Specification in Conceptual Design},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {In: Proc. of the 11th Intl. Conf. on Computing in Civil and Building Engineering (ICCCBE-XI) ed. Hugues Rivard, Montreal, Canada, Seite 1-12, ACSE (CD-ROM), 2006 Currently, the conceptual design phase is not adequately supported by any CAD tool. Neither the support while elaborating conceptual sketches, nor the automatic proof of correctness with respect to effective restrictions is currently provided by any commercial tool. To enable domain experts to store the common as well as their personal domain knowledge, we develop a visual language for knowledge formalization. In this paper, a major extension to the already existing concepts is introduced. The possibility to define rule dependencies extends the expressiveness of the knowledge definition language and contributes to the usability of our approach.},
  subject      = {CAD},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{MertenConradKaemperetal.2006,
  author    = {Merten, Sabine and Conrad, Thorsten and K{\"a}mper, Klaus-Peter and Picard, Antoni and Sch{\"u}tze, Andreas},
  title     = {Virtual Technology Labs - an efficient tool for the preparation of hands-on-MEMS-courses in training foundries},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Hands-on-training in high technology areas is usually limited due to the high cost for lab infrastructure and equipment. One specific example is the field of MEMS, where investment and upkeep of clean rooms with microtechnology equipment is either financed by production or R\&D projects greatly reducing the availability for education purposes. For efficient hands-on-courses a MEMS training foundry, currently used jointly by six higher education institutions, was established at FH Kaiserslautern. In a typical one week course, students manufacture a micromachined pressure sensor including all lithography, thin film and packaging steps. This compact and yet complete program is only possible because participants learn to use the different complex machines in advance via a Virtual Training Lab (VTL). In this paper we present the concept of the MEMS training foundry and the VTL preparation together with results from a scientific evaluation of the VTL over the last three years.},
  subject      = {Virtuelles Laboratorium},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Staat2006,
  author    = {Staat, Manfred},
  title     = {Engineering Mechanics. Lecture Notes. 2nd edition, translation of the 3rd corrected and extended German edition of "Technische Mechanik"},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {English translation of the corrected lectures notes of Sebastian Kr{\"a}mer. Contents 0 Introduction to Mechanics 1 Statics of Rigid Bodies 2 Elastostatics (Strength of Materials) 3 Kinematics 4 Kinetics Literature},
  subject      = {Technische Mechanik},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{StaatBarry2006,
  author    = {Staat, Manfred and Barry, Steve},
  title     = {Continuum Mechanics with an Introduction to the Finite Element Method / Steve Barry; Manfred Staat. With extensions by Manfred Staat.},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Contents: 1 Introduction 2 One Dimensional Continuum Mechanics 3 Tensors 4 Three Dimensional Stress and Strain 5 Conservation Laws 6 Contiunuum Modelling 7 Plain Problems 8 Questions 9 Reference Information},
  subject      = {Technische Mechanik},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Staat2006,
  author    = {Staat, Manfred},
  title     = {Problems and chances for probabilistic fracture mechanics in the analysis of steel pressure boundary reliability. - {\"U}berarb. Ausg.},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {In: Technical feasibility and reliability of passive safety systems for nuclear power plants. Proceedings of an Advisory Group Meeting held in J{\"u}lich, 21-24 November 1994. - Vienna , 1996. - Seite: 43 - 55 IAEA-TECDOC-920 Abstract: It is shown that the difficulty for probabilistic fracture mechanics (PFM) is the general problem of the high reliability of a small population. There is no way around the problem as yet. Therefore what PFM can contribute to the reliability of steel pressure boundaries is demon­strated with the example of a typical reactor pressure vessel and critically discussed. Although no method is distinguishable that could give exact failure probabilities, PFM has several addi­tional chances. Upper limits for failure probability may be obtained together with trends for design and operating conditions. Further, PFM can identify the most sensitive parameters, improved control of which would increase reliability. Thus PFM should play a vital role in the analysis of steel pressure boundaries despite all shortcomings.},
  subject      = {Bruchmechanik},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KraftSchneider2005,
  author    = {Kraft, Bodo and Schneider, Gerd},
  title     = {Semantic Roomobjects for Conceptual Design Support : A Knowledge-based Approach},
  isbn      = {978-1-4020-3460-2},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {In: Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2005 2005, Part 4, 207-216, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3698-1_19 The conceptual design at the beginning of the building construction process is essential for the success of a building project. Even if some CAD tools allow elaborating conceptual sketches, they rather focus on the shape of the building elements and not on their functionality. We introduce semantic roomobjects and roomlinks, by way of example to the CAD tool ArchiCAD. These extensions provide a basis for specifying the organisation and functionality of a building and free architects being forced to directly produce detailed constructive sketches. Furthermore, we introduce consistency analyses of the conceptual sketch, based on an ontology containing conceptual relevant knowledge, specific to one class of buildings.},
  subject      = {CAD},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KraftWilhelms2005,
  author    = {Kraft, Bodo and Wilhelms, Nils},
  title     = {Visual Knowledge Specification for Conceptual Design},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Proc. of the 2005 ASCE Intl. Conf. on Computing in Civil Engineering (ICCC 2005) eds. L. Soibelman und F. Pena-Mora, Seite 1-14, ASCE (CD-ROM), Cancun, Mexico, 2005 Current CAD tools are not able to support the fundamental conceptual design phase, and none of them provides consistency analyses of sketches produced by architects. To give architects a greater support at the conceptual design phase, we develop a CAD tool for conceptual design and a knowledge specification tool allowing the definition of conceptually relevant knowledge. The knowledge is specific to one class of buildings and can be reused. Based on a dynamic knowledge model, different types of design rules formalize the knowledge in a graph-based realization. An expressive visual language provides a user-friendly, human readable representation. Finally, consistency analyses enable conceptual designs to be checked against this defined knowledge. In this paper we concentrate on the knowledge specification part of our project.},
  subject      = {CAD},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Bruessermann2005,
  author    = {Br{\"u}ssermann, Klaus},
  title     = {Platform of Excellence in "Energy and Environment"},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {The Ministry of Science and Research in North Rhine-Westphalia created eight platforms of excellence, one in the research area „Energy and Environment" in 2002 at ACUAS. This platform concentrates the research and development of 13 professors in J{\"u}lich and Aachen and of two scientific institutes with different topics: - NOWUM-Energy with emphasis on efficient and economic energy conversion - The Solar Institute J{\"u}lich - SIJ - being the largest research institute in the field of renewables at a University of Applied Sciences in Germany With this platform each possible energy conversion - nuclear, fossil, renewable- can be dealt with to help solving the two most important problems of mankind, energy and potable water. At the CSE are presented the historical development, some research results and the combined master studies in „Energy Systems" and „Nuclear Applications"},
  subject      = {Energietechnik},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{BruessermannDeuster2005,
  author    = {Br{\"u}ssermann, Klaus and Deuster, M.},
  title     = {Temperature measurement to optimise the burning process},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {One of the most important parameters in a burning chamber - in power stations, in waste to energy plants - is the temperature. This temperature is in the range of 700-1500 °C - one of the most advanced measuring methods being the acoustic pyrometry with the possibility of producing temperature mapping in one level of the burning chamber - comparable to computer tomography. The results of these measurements discussed in the presentation can be used - to fulfil the legal requirements in the FRG or in the EU - to equalise the temperature in one level of the burning chamber to optimise the steam production (better efficiency of the plant) and to minimise the production of temperature controlled flue gas components (NO, CO a. o.) - to control the SNCR-process if used.},
  subject      = {Pyrometrie},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Kraft2004,
  author    = {Kraft, Bodo},
  title     = {Conceptual design tools for civil engineering},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Applications of Graph Transformations with Industrial Relevance Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2004, Volume 3062/2004, 434-439, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-25959-6_33 This paper gives a brief overview of the tools we have developed to support conceptual design in civil engineering. Based on the UPGRADE framework, two applications, one for the knowledge engineer and another for architects allow to store domain specific knowledge and to use this knowledge during conceptual design. Consistency analyses check the design against the defined knowledge and inform the architect if rules are violated.},
  subject      = {CAD},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KraftWilhelms2004,
  author    = {Kraft, Bodo and Wilhelms, N.},
  title     = {Interactive distributed knowledge support for conceptual building design},
  isbn      = {3-86068-213-X},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {In: Net-distributed Co-operation : Xth International Conference on Computing in Civil and Building Engineering, Weimar, June 02 - 04, 2004 ; proceedings / [ed. by Karl Beuke ...] . - Weimar: Bauhaus-Univ. Weimar 2004. - 1. Aufl. . Seite 1-14 ISBN 3-86068-213-X International Conference on Computing in Civil and Building Engineering <10, 2004, Weimar> Summary In our project, we develop new tools for the conceptual design phase. During conceptual design, the coarse functionality and organization of a building is more important than a detailed worked out construction. We identify two roles, first the knowledge engineer who is responsible for knowledge definition and maintenance; second the architect who elaborates the conceptual de-sign. The tool for the knowledge engineer is based on graph technology, it is specified using PROGRES and the UPGRADE framework. The tools for the architect are integrated to the in-dustrial CAD tool ArchiCAD. Consistency between knowledge and conceptual design is en-sured by the constraint checker, another extension to ArchiCAD.},
  subject      = {CAD},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KirchhofKraft2004,
  author    = {Kirchhof, M. and Kraft, Bodo},
  title     = {UML-based modeling of architectural knowledge and design},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {IASSE-2004 - 13th International Conference on Intelligent and Adaptive Systems and Software Engineering eds. W. Dosch, N. Debnath, pp. 245-250, ISCA, Cary, NC, 1-3 July 2004, Nice, France We introduce a UML-based model for conceptual design support in civil engineering. Therefore, we identify required extensions to standard UML. Class diagrams are used for elaborating building typespecific knowledge: Object diagrams, implicitly contained in the architect's sketch, are validated against the defined knowledge. To enable the use of industrial, domain-specific tools, we provide an integrated conceptual design extension. The developed tool support is based on graph rewriting. With our approach architects are enabled to deal with semantic objects during early design phase, assisted by incremental consistency checks.},
  subject      = {UML},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KraftNagl2003,
  author    = {Kraft, Bodo and Nagl, Manfred},
  title     = {Semantic tool support for conceptual design},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {ITCE-2003 - 4th Joint Symposium on Information Technology in Civil Engineering ed Flood, I., Seite 1-12, ASCE (CD-ROM), Nashville, USA In this paper we discussed graph based tools to support architects during the conceptual design phase. Conceptual Design is defined before constructive design; the used concepts are more abstract. We develop two graph based approaches, a topdown using the graph rewriting system PROGRES and a more industrially oriented approach, where we extend the CAD system ArchiCAD. In both approaches, knowledge can be defined by a knowledge engineer, in the top-down approach in the domain model graph, in the bottom-up approach in the in an XML file. The defined knowledge is used to incrementally check the sketch and to inform the architect about violations of the defined knowledge. Our goal is to discover design error as soon as possible and to support the architect to design buildings with consideration of conceptual knowledge.},
  subject      = {CAD},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{DigelTemizArtmannArtmannetal.2003,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l and Artmann, Gerhard and Nojima, H.},
  title     = {Plasma cluster ions (PCI) influence on microbial cells viability : [abstract]},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Recently, SHARP corporation has developed the world's first "Plasma Cluster Ions (PCI)" air purification technology, which uses plasma discharge to generate cluster ions. The new plasma cluster device releases into the air positive and negative ions, which are harmless to humans and are able to decompose and deactivate airborne substances by chemical reactions. A lot of phenomenological tests of the PCI air purification technology on microbial cells have been conducted. And, in most cases, it has been shown that PCI demonstrate strongly pronounced killing effect. Although, the particular mechanisms of PCI action are still not evident. We studied variations in resistance to PCI among gram-positive airborne microorganisms, as well as some dose-dependent, spatial, cultural and biochemical properties of PCI action in respect of Staphylococcus spp, Enterococcus spp, Micrococcus spp.},
  subject      = {Clusterion},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{DigelTemizArtmannNojimaetal.2003,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l and Nojima, H. and Artmann, Gerhard},
  title     = {Some peculiarities of application of cluster ions generated by plasma in respect of indoor air purification :[abstract]},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Recently, the SHARP Corporation, Japan, has developed the world's first "Plasma Cluster Ions (PCI)" air purification technology using plasma discharge to generate cluster ions. The new plasma cluster device releases positive and negative ions into the air, which are able to decompose and deactivate harmful airborne substances by chemical reactions. Because cluster ions consist of positive and negative ions that normally exist in the natural world, they are completely harmless and safe to humans. The amount of ozone generated by cluster ions is less than 0.01 ppm, which is significantly less than the 0.05-ppm standard for industrial operations and consumer electronics. This amount, thus, has no harming effects whatsoever on the human body. But particular properties and chemical processes in PCI treatment are still under study. It has been shown that PCI in most cases show strongly pronounced irreversible killing effects in respect of airborne microflora due to free-radical induced reactions and can be considered as a potent technology to disinfect both home, medical and industrial appliances.},
  subject      = {Clusterion},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{DigelTemizArtmannNojimaetal.2003,
  author    = {Digel, Ilya and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l and Nojima, H. and Artmann, Gerhard},
  title     = {Plasma-generated cluster ions' effects on indoor microflora : [abstract]},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Recently, SHARP corporation has developed the world's first "Plasma Cluster Ions® (PCI)" air purification technology, which uses plasma discharge to generate cluster ions. The new Plasma Cluster Device releases positive and negative ions into the air, which are harmless to humans and are able to decompose and deactivate airborne substances by chemical reactions. In the past, phenomenological tests on the efficacy of the PCI air purification technology on microbial cells have been conducted. In most cases, it has been shown that PCI demonstrated strongly pronounced killing effects on microorganisms. However, the particular mechanisms of PCI action still have to be uncovered.},
  subject      = {Clusterion},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KaemperPicardBrilletal.2003,
  author    = {K{\"a}mper, Klaus-Peter and Picard, Antoni and Brill, Manfred and Cassel, Detlev and Jentsch, Andreas and Merten, Sabine and Rollwa, Markus},
  title     = {The Virtual Clean Room - a new tool in teaching MST process technologies},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {The Virtual Clean Room - a new tool in teaching MST process technologies University education in high-technology fields like MST is not complete without intensive laboratory sessions. Students cannot fully grasp the complexity and the special problems related to the manufacturing of microsystems without a thorough hands-on experience in a MST clean room.},
  subject      = {Virtuelle Maschine},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KraftMeyerNagl2002,
  author    = {Kraft, Bodo and Meyer, Oliver and Nagl, Manfred},
  title     = {Graph technology support for conceptual design in civil engineering},
  isbn      = {3-18-318004-9},
  year      = {2002},
  abstract  = {In: Advances in intelligent computing in engineering : proceedings of the 9.International EG-ICE Workshop ; Darmstadt, (01 - 03 August) 2002 / Martina Schnellenbach-Held ... (eds.) . - D{\"u}sseldorf: VDI-Verl., 2002 .- Fortschritt-Berichte VDI, Reihe 4, Bauingenieurwesen ; 180 ; S. 1-35 The paper describes a novel way to support conceptual design in civil engineering. The designer uses semantical tools guaranteeing certain internal structures of the design result but also the fulfillment of various constraints. Two different approaches and corresponding tools are discussed: (a) Visually specified tools with automatic code generation to determine a design structure as well as fixing various constraints a design has to obey. These tools are also valuable for design knowledge specialist. (b) Extensions of existing CAD tools to provide semantical knowledge to be used by an architect. It is sketched how these different tools can be combined in the future. The main part of the paper discusses the concepts and realization of two prototypes following the two above approaches. The paper especially discusses that specific graphs and the specification of their structure are useful for both tool realization projects.},
  subject      = {CAD},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Mertens2000,
  author    = {Mertens, Josef},
  title     = {Laminar leading edges: manufacturing, contamination, and operational aspects - results from the German RaWid programme},
  year      = {2000},
  abstract  = {RaWid was the German national technology programme on transonic aerodynamics and supporting technologies, lasting from 1995 to 1998. One of the main topics was laminar wing development. Besides aerodynamic design work, many operational aspects were investigated. A manufacturing concept was developed to be applied to operational laminar wings and empennages. It was built in a large scale manufacturing demonstrator with the aerodynamic shape of a 1,5 m section of the A320 fin nose. Tolerances in shape and roughness fulfilled all requirements. The construction can easily be adapted to varying stiffness and strength requirements. Weight and manufacturing costs are comparable to common nose designs. The mock-up to be designed in ALTTA is based on this manufacturing principle. Another critical point is contamination of suction surfaces. Several tests were performed to investigate perforated titanium suction surfaces at realistic operational conditions: - a one year flight test with a suction plate in the stagnation area of the Airbus "Beluga" - a one year test of several suction plates in a ground test near the airport - a one year test of a working suction ground test installation at all weather conditions. No critical results were found. There is no long term suction degradation visible. Icing conditions and ground de-icing fluids used on airports did not pose severe problems. Some problems detected require only respection of weak design constraints.},
  subject      = {Laminare Str{\"o}mung},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{HeitzerStaat2000,
  author    = {Heitzer, M. and Staat, Manfred},
  title     = {Direct FEM approach to design-by-analysis of pressurized components},
  year      = {2000},
  abstract  = {Abstracts of the ACHEMA 2000 - International Meeting on Chemical Engineering, Environmental Protection and Biotechnology, May 22 - 27, 2000. Frankfurt am Main. Achema 2000 : special edition / Linde. [Ed.: Linde AG. Red.: Volker R. Leski]. - Wiesbaden : Linde AG, 2000. - 56 p. : Ill., . - pp: 79 - 81},
  subject      = {Finite-Elemente-Methode},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{BallmannRaatschenStaat1985,
  author    = {Ballmann, J. and Raatschen, Hans-J{\"u}rgen and Staat, Manfred},
  title     = {High stress intensities in focussing zones of waves},
  doi       = {10.1016/B978-0-444-42520-1.50015-3},
  year      = {1985},
  abstract  = {The propagation of mechanical waves in plates of isotropic elastic material is investigated. After a short introduction to the understanding of focussing of stress waves in a plate with a curved boundary the method of characteristics is applied to a plate of hyperelastic material. Using this method the propagation of acceleration waves is discussed. Based on this a numerical difference scheme is developed for solving initial-boundary-value problems and applied to two examples: propagation of a point disturbance in a homogeneously finitely strained non-linear elastic plate and geometrical focussing in al linear elastic plate.},
  subject      = {Technische Mechanik},
  language  = {en}
}