@phdthesis{Bragard2012,
  author    = {Bragard, Michael},
  title     = {The integrated emitter turn-off thyristor : an innovative MOS-gated high-power device. - (Aachener Beitr{\"a}ge des ISEA ; 62)},
  publisher = {Shaker},
  address   = {Aachen},
  isbn      = {978-3-8440-1152-4},
  pages     = {III, 164 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {This thesis introduces the Integrated Emitter Turn-Off (IETO) Thyristor as a new high-power device. Known state-of-the-art research activities like the Dual GCT, the ETO thyristor and the ICT were presented and critically reviewed. A comparison with commercialized solutions identifies the pros and cons of each type of device family. Based on this analysis, the IETO structure is proposed, covering most benefits of each device class. In particular the combination of a MOS-assisted turn-off with a thyristor-based device allows a voltage-controlled MOS switching and the low on-state voltage of the thyristors. The following synthesis of an IETO device stands on a three-dimensional field of optimization spanned by electric, mechanical and thermal aspects. From an electric point of view, the lowest possible parasitic inductance and resistance within the commutation path are optimization criteria. The mechanical construction has to withstand the required contact pressure of multiple kilo Newtons. Finally, thermal borders limit the maximum average current of the device. FEM simulations covering these three aspects are performed for several design proposals. An IETO prototype is constructed and measurements on various test benches attest thermal, mechanical and electric performance. A local decoupling of the external driver stage and the presspack housing is presented by a cable connection. This separation enables a thermal and mechanical independence, which is advantageous in terms of vibrations and thermal cycles including increased reliability. The electric pulse performance of the prototype device is a factor of 3.1 above today''s solutions. In single-pulse measurements, a current up to 1600 A was successfully turned off at 115°C with an active silicon area of 823 mm². One reason for this increased turn-off capability is the extremely low-inductive construction. Additional functionality of the IETO thyristor like over-current self-protection and defined short-circuit failure state are successfully verified.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RiglingElkinDobbertinetal.2012,
  author    = {Rigling, Andreas and Elkin, Ch{\´e} and Dobbertin, Matthias and Eilmann, Britta and Giuggiola, Arnaud and Wohlgemuth, Thomas and Bugmann, Harald},
  title     = {Wald und Klimawandel in der inneralpinen Trockenregion Visp},
  series = {Schweizerische Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Forstwesen},
  volume    = {163},
  journal   = {Schweizerische Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Forstwesen},
  number    = {12},
  publisher = {Schweizerischer Forstverein},
  address   = {Z{\"u}rich},
  issn      = {2235-1469 (Online)},
  doi       = {10.3188/szf.2012.0481},
  pages     = {481 -- 492},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Der Temperaturanstieg der vergangenen Jahrzehnte war in Gebirgsregionen besonders ausgepr{\"a}gt. Sollte sich dieser Temperaturtrend im 21. Jahrhundert fortsetzen, dann d{\"u}rf-ten sich auch die H{\"a}ufigkeit und Intensit{\"a}t von Niederschl{\"a}-gen und Trockenperioden ver{\"a}ndern, was die Waldwirtschaft vor grosse Herausforderungen stellen wird. Trockenheit ist ein entscheidender Faktor f{\"u}r die Wald{\"o}kosysteme der inner-alpinen T{\"a}ler, wo seit Jahren trockenheitsbedingtes Baum-sterben festgestellt wird. Der vorliegende Beitrag hat zum Ziel, die Sensitivit{\"a}t der verschiedenen Wald{\"o}kosysteme ge-gen{\"u}ber Klimawandel und alternative, teilweise extreme Bewirtschaftungsvarianten in der Region Visp zu testen. Me-thodische Ans{\"a}tze wie Monitoring, Feldexperimente und dy-namische Modellierung wurden kombiniert, und es wurden verschiedene {\"O}kosystemleistungen ber{\"u}cksichtigt, so Holz-produktion, Schutz vor Naturgefahren, Kohlenstoffspeiche-rung und Aspekte der Biodiversit{\"a}t. Die Resultate deuten da-rauf hin, dass auf den Trockenstandorten der Tieflagen die einheimischen Baumarten an ihre physiologischen Grenzen stossen und l{\"a}ngerfristig {\"u}ber alternative Baumarten nach-gedacht werden sollte. In den mittleren Lagen d{\"u}rften Tro-ckenheit und Schadinsekten wie die Borkenk{\"a}fer die zuk{\"u}nf-tige Waldentwicklung steuern. In den Hochlagen hingegen werden sich die W{\"a}lder ausdehnen und besser wachsen als heute. Alle untersuchten {\"O}kosystemleistungen werden ge-bietsweise starken Ver{\"a}nderungen unterworfen sein. Die dis-kutierten Bewirtschaftungsvarianten scheinen dazu geeignet, die Wasserverf{\"u}gbarkeit der Best{\"a}nde, haupts{\"a}chlich in tief-eren Lagen, zu erh{\"o}hen und dadurch die Widerstandskraft der B{\"a}ume gegen{\"u}ber Trockenperioden vor{\"u}bergehend zu st{\"a}rken. Es ist aber davon ausgehen, dass nur verh{\"a}ltnism{\"a}s-sig starke Eingriffe wesentliche Effekte erzielen k{\"o}nnen. Die Verkn{\"u}pfung von Umweltmonitoring, Feldexperimenten und Modellierung unter Miteinbezug von {\"O}kosystemleistungen ist vielversprechend, da sie eine differenzierte Absch{\"a}tzung des zuk{\"u}nftigen Landschaftswandels und seiner Effekte auf die Waldleistungen erm{\"o}glicht.},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{NoetzoldUphuesWegeneretal.2012,
  author    = {N{\"o}tzold, K. and Uphues, A. and Wegener, R. and Soter, S. and Fink, K. and Bragard, Michael and Griessel, R.},
  title     = {Inverter based test setup for LVRT verification of a full-scale 2 MW wind power converter},
  series = {EPE Joint Wind Energy and T\&D Chapters Seminar : 28th and 29th of June 2012, in the Utzon Centre, Aalborg, Denmark ; papers, posters, presentations. - Session 2: Grid connection, compliance},
  booktitle = {EPE Joint Wind Energy and T\&D Chapters Seminar : 28th and 29th of June 2012, in the Utzon Centre, Aalborg, Denmark ; papers, posters, presentations. - Session 2: Grid connection, compliance},
  publisher = {EPE Association},
  address   = {Brussels},
  year      = {2012},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RiglingBiglerEilmannetal.2012,
  author    = {Rigling, Andreas and Bigler, Christof and Eilmann, Britta and Feldmeyer-Christe, Elisabeth and Gimmi, Urs and Ginzler, Christian and Graf, Ulrich and Mayer, Phillip and Vacchiano, Giorgio and Weber, Pascal and Wohlgemuth, Thomas and zweifel, Roman and Dobbertin, Matthias},
  title     = {Driving factors of a vegetation shift from Scots pine to pubescent oak in dry Alpine forests},
  series = {Global Change Biology},
  volume    = {19},
  journal   = {Global Change Biology},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {1354-1013 (Print)},
  doi       = {10.1111/gcb.12038},
  pages     = {229 -- 240},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {An increasing number of studies have reported on forest declines and vegetation shifts triggered by drought. In the Swiss Rhone valley (Valais), one of the driest inner-Alpine regions, the species composition in low elevation forests is changing: The sub-boreal Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) dominating the dry forests is showing high mortality rates. Concurrently the sub-Mediterranean pubescent oak (Quercus pubescens Willd.) has locally increased in abundance. However, it remains unclear whether this local change in species composition is part of a larger-scale vegetation shift. To study variability in mortality and regeneration in these dry forests we analysed data from the Swiss national forest inventory (NFI) on a regular grid between 1983 and 2003, and combined it with annual mortality data from a monitoring site. Pine mortality was found to be highest at low elevation (below 1000 m a.s.l.). Annual variation in pine mortality was correlated with a drought index computed for the summer months prior to observed tree death. A generalized linear mixed-effects model indicated for the NFI data increased pine mortality on dryer sites with high stand competition, particularly for small-diameter trees. Pine regeneration was low in comparison to its occurrence in the overstorey, whereas oak regeneration was comparably abundant. Although both species regenerated well at dry sites, pine regeneration was favoured at cooler sites at higher altitude and oak regeneration was more frequent at warmer sites, indicating a higher adaptation potential of oaks under future warming. Our results thus suggest that an extended shift in species composition is actually occurring in the pine forests in the Valais. The main driving factors are found to be climatic variability, particularly drought, and variability in stand structure and topography. Thus, pine forests at low elevations are developing into oak forests with unknown consequences for these ecosystems and their goods and services.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{WeilPoghossianSchoeningetal.2012,
  author    = {Weil, M. and Poghossian, Arshak and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Cherstvy, A.},
  title     = {Electrical monitoring of layer-by-layer adsorption of oppositely charged macromolecules by means of capacitive field-effect devices},
  isbn      = {978-3-9813484-2-2},
  doi       = {10.5162/IMCS2012/P2.5.2},
  pages     = {1575 -- 1578},
  year      = {2012},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{BohrnMuchaWerneretal.2012,
  author    = {Bohrn, Ulrich and Mucha, Andreas and Werner, Frederik and St{\"u}tz, Evamaria and B{\"a}cker, Matthias and Krumbe, Christoph and Schienle, Meinrad and Fleischer, Maximilian and Wagner, Patrick and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Detection of toxic chromium species in water using cellbased sensor systems},
  isbn      = {978-3-9813484-2-2},
  doi       = {10.5162/IMCS2012/P2.1.14},
  pages     = {1364 -- 1367},
  year      = {2012},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchoeningBaecker2012,
  author    = {Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and B{\"a}cker, Matthias},
  title     = {Chip-basierte Sensoren f{\"u}r die Biotechnik},
  volume    = {13},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {BIOCOM},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {1611-0854},
  year      = {2012},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{BohrnStuetzFleischeretal.2012,
  author    = {Bohrn, Ulrich and St{\"u}tz, Evamaria and Fleischer, Maximilian and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Wagner, Patrick},
  title     = {Living cell-based gas sensor system for the detection of acetone in air},
  isbn      = {978-3-9813484-2-2},
  doi       = {10.5162/IMCS2012/3.2.3},
  pages     = {269 -- 272},
  year      = {2012},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{TakenagaWernerSawadaetal.2012,
  author    = {Takenaga, Shoko and Werner, Frederik and Sawada, Kazuaki and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Comparison of label-free ACh image sensors based on CCD and LAPS},
  isbn      = {978-3-9813484-2-2},
  doi       = {10.5162/IMCS2012/4.2.6},
  pages     = {356 -- 359},
  year      = {2012},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SpelthahnSchubertSchoening2012,
  author    = {Spelthahn, Heiko and Schubert, J{\"u}rgen and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {D{\"u}nnschichtsensoren f{\"u}r die Schwermetallanalytik : Mikroelektroden auf Chalkogenidglasbasis},
  series = {GIT Labor-Fachzeitschrift},
  journal   = {GIT Labor-Fachzeitschrift},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  pages     = {285 -- 287},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Die Detektion von Schadstoffen repr{\"a}sentiert in der Umweltanalytik eine wichtige Aufgabenstellung. Gerade die Abwasser- bzw. Brauchwasseranalytik sowie die Prozesskontrolle haben einen hohen Stellenwert. Siliziumbasierte D{\"u}nnschichtsensoren bieten eine kosteng{\"u}nstige M{\"o}glichkeit, „online"-Messungen bzw. Vor-Ort-Messungen zeitnah durchzuf{\"u}hren. In dieser Arbeit wird ein potentiometrisches Sensorarray auf der Basis von Chalkogenidgl{\"a}sern zur Detektion von Schwermetallen in w{\"a}ssrigen Medien vorgestellt.},
  language  = {de}
}