@inproceedings{GrundmannBauerBorchersetal.2019,
  author    = {Grundmann, Jan Thimo and Bauer, Wlademar and Borchers, Kai and Dumont, Etienne and Grimm, Christian D. and Ho, Tra-Mi and Jahnke, Rico and Koch, Aaron D. and Lange, Caroline and Maiwald, Volker and Meß, Jan-Gerd and Mikulz, Eugen and Quantius, Dominik and Reershemius, Siebo and Renger, Thomas and Sasaki, Kaname and Seefeldt, Patric and Spietz, Peter and Spr{\"o}witz, Tom and Sznajder, Maciej and Toth, Norbert and Ceriotti, Matteo and McInnes, Colin and Peloni, Alessandro and Biele, Jens and Krause, Christian and Dachwald, Bernd and Hercik, David and Lichtenheldt, Roy and Wolff, Friederike and Koncz, Alexander and Pelivan, Ivanka and Schmitz, Nicole and Boden, Ralf and Riemann, Johannes and Seboldt, Wolfgang and Wejmo, Elisabet and Ziach, Christian and Mikschl, Tobias and Montenegro, Sergio and Ruffer, Michael and Cordero, Federico and Tardivel, Simon},
  title     = {Solar sails for planetary defense \& high-energy missions},
  series = {IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings},
  booktitle = {IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings},
  doi       = {10.1109/AERO.2019.8741900},
  pages     = {1 -- 21},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {20 years after the successful ground deployment test of a (20 m) 2 solar sail at DLR Cologne, and in the light of the upcoming U.S. NEAscout mission, we provide an overview of the progress made since in our mission and hardware design studies as well as the hardware built in the course of our solar sail technology development. We outline the most likely and most efficient routes to develop solar sails for useful missions in science and applications, based on our developed `now-term' and near-term hardware as well as the many practical and managerial lessons learned from the DLR-ESTEC Gossamer Roadmap. Mission types directly applicable to planetary defense include single and Multiple NEA Rendezvous ((M)NR) for precursor, monitoring and follow-up scenarios as well as sail-propelled head-on retrograde kinetic impactors (RKI) for mitigation. Other mission types such as the Displaced L1 (DL1) space weather advance warning and monitoring or Solar Polar Orbiter (SPO) types demonstrate the capability of near-term solar sails to achieve asteroid rendezvous in any kind of orbit, from Earth-coorbital to extremely inclined and even retrograde orbits. Some of these mission types such as SPO, (M)NR and RKI include separable payloads. For one-way access to the asteroid surface, nanolanders like MASCOT are an ideal match for solar sails in micro-spacecraft format, i.e. in launch configurations compatible with ESPA and ASAP secondary payload platforms. Larger landers similar to the JAXA-DLR study of a Jupiter Trojan asteroid lander for the OKEANOS mission can shuttle from the sail to the asteroids visited and enable multiple NEA sample-return missions. The high impact velocities and re-try capability achieved by the RKI mission type on a final orbit identical to the target asteroid's but retrograde to its motion enables small spacecraft size impactors to carry sufficient kinetic energy for deflection.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{FingerdeVriesVosetal.2020,
  author    = {Finger, Felix and de Vries, Reynard and Vos, Roelof and Braun, Carsten and Bil, Cees},
  title     = {A comparison of hybrid-electric aircraft sizing methods},
  series = {AIAA Scitech 2020 Forum},
  booktitle = {AIAA Scitech 2020 Forum},
  doi       = {10.2514/6.2020-1006},
  pages     = {31 Seiten},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SmithKotliarLammertynetal.2020,
  author    = {Smith, Wayne and Kotliar, Konstantin and Lammertyn, Leandi and Ramoshaba, Nthai E. and Vilser, Walthard and Huisman, Hugo W. and Schutte, Aletta E.},
  title     = {Retinal vessel caliber and caliber responses in true normotensive black and white adults: The African-PREDICT study},
  series = {Microvascular Research},
  volume    = {128},
  journal   = {Microvascular Research},
  number    = {Article 103937},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0026-2862},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.mvr.2019.103937},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Purpose Globally, a detrimental shift in cardiovascular disease risk factors and a higher mortality level are reported in some black populations. The retinal microvasculature provides early insight into the pathogenesis of systemic vascular diseases, but it is unclear whether retinal vessel calibers and acute retinal vessel functional responses differ between young healthy black and white adults. Methods We included 112 black and 143 white healthy normotensive adults (20-30 years). Retinal vessel calibers (central retinal artery and vein equivalent (CRAE and CRVE)) were calculated from retinal images and vessel caliber responses to flicker light induced provocation (FLIP) were determined. Additionally, ambulatory blood pressure (BP), anthropometry and blood samples were collected. Results The groups displayed similar 24 h BP profiles and anthropometry (all p > .24). Black participants demonstrated a smaller CRAE (158 ± 11 vs. 164 ± 11 MU, p < .001) compared to the white group, whereas CRVE was similar (p = .57). In response to FLIP, artery maximal dilation was greater in the black vs. white group (5.6 ± 2.1 vs. 3.3 ± 1.8\%; p < .001). Conclusions Already at a young age, healthy black adults showed narrower retinal arteries relative to the white population. Follow-up studies are underway to show if this will be related to increased risk for hypertension development. The reason for the larger vessel dilation responses to FLIP in the black population is unclear and warrants further investigation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KreyerMuellerEsch2020,
  author    = {Kreyer, J{\"o}rg and M{\"u}ller, Marvin and Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {A Map-Based Model for the Determination of Fuel Consumption for Internal Combustion Engines as a Function of Flight Altitude},
  series = {Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress 2019, „Luft- und Raumfahrt - technologische Br{\"u}cke in die Zukunft", Darmstadt, 30. September bis 2. Oktober 2019},
  booktitle = {Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress 2019, „Luft- und Raumfahrt - technologische Br{\"u}cke in die Zukunft", Darmstadt, 30. September bis 2. Oktober 2019},
  publisher = {Deutsche Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth e.V},
  address   = {Bonn},
  doi       = {10.25967/490162},
  pages     = {13 Seiten},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{FingerGoettenBraunetal.2019,
  author    = {Finger, Felix and G{\"o}tten, Falk and Braun, Carsten and Bil, Cees},
  title     = {Cost Estimation Methods for Hybrid-Electric General Aviation Aircraft},
  series = {Asia Pacific International Symposium on Aerospace Technology. APISAT 2019},
  booktitle = {Asia Pacific International Symposium on Aerospace Technology. APISAT 2019},
  pages     = {1 -- 13},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{FingerBraunBil2020,
  author    = {Finger, Felix and Braun, Carsten and Bil, Cees},
  title     = {Comparative assessment of parallel-hybrid-electric propulsion systems for four different aircraft},
  series = {AIAA SciTech Forum 2020, 06.01.2020 - 10.01.2020, Orlando},
  booktitle = {AIAA SciTech Forum 2020, 06.01.2020 - 10.01.2020, Orlando},
  doi       = {10.2514/6.2020-1502},
  pages     = {15 Seiten},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{GoettenFingerMarinoetal.2019,
  author    = {G{\"o}tten, Falk and Finger, Felix and Marino, Matthew and Bil, Cees and Havermann, Marc and Braun, Carsten},
  title     = {A review of guidelines and best practices for subsonic aerodynamic simulations using RANS CFD},
  series = {Asia-Pacific International Symposium on Aerospace Technology (APISAT), At Gold Coast, Australia, 04. - 06. Dezember 2019},
  booktitle = {Asia-Pacific International Symposium on Aerospace Technology (APISAT), At Gold Coast, Australia, 04. - 06. Dezember 2019},
  isbn      = {978-1-925627-40-4},
  pages     = {19 Seiten},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{FingerBraunBil2020,
  author    = {Finger, Felix and Braun, Carsten and Bil, Cees},
  title     = {Impact of Battery Performance on the Initial Sizing of Hybrid-Electric General Aviation Aircraft},
  series = {Journal of Aerospace Engineering},
  volume    = {33},
  journal   = {Journal of Aerospace Engineering},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {ASCE},
  address   = {Reston, Va.},
  issn      = {1943-5525},
  doi       = {10.1061/(ASCE)AS.1943-5525.0001113},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Studies suggest that hybrid-electric aircraft have the potential to generate fewer emissions and be inherently quieter when compared to conventional aircraft. By operating combustion engines together with an electric propulsion system, synergistic benefits can be obtained. However, the performance of hybrid-electric aircraft is still constrained by a battery's energy density and discharge rate. In this paper, the influence of battery performance on the gross mass for a four-seat general aviation aircraft with a hybrid-electric propulsion system is analyzed. For this design study, a high-level approach is chosen, using an innovative initial sizing methodology to determine the minimum required aircraft mass for a specific set of requirements and constraints. Only the peak-load shaving operational strategy is analyzed. Both parallel- and serial-hybrid propulsion configurations are considered for two different missions. The specific energy of the battery pack is varied from 200 to 1,000 W⋅h/kg, while the discharge time, and thus the normalized discharge rating (C-rating), is varied between 30 min (2C discharge rate) and 2 min (30C discharge rate). With the peak-load shaving operating strategy, it is desirable for hybrid-electric aircraft to use a light, low capacity battery system to boost performance. For this case, the battery's specific power rating proved to be of much higher importance than for full electric designs, which have high capacity batteries. Discharge ratings of 20C allow a significant take-off mass reduction aircraft. The design point moves to higher wing loadings and higher levels of hybridization if batteries with advanced technology are used.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{FingerKhalsaKreyeretal.2019,
  author    = {Finger, Felix and Khalsa, R. and Kreyer, J{\"o}rg and Mayntz, Joscha and Braun, Carsten and Dahmann, Peter and Esch, Thomas and Kemper, Hans and Schmitz, O. and Bragard, Michael},
  title     = {An approach to propulsion system modelling for the conceptual design of hybrid-electric general aviation aircraft},
  series = {Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress 2019, 30.9.-2.10.2019, Darmstadt},
  booktitle = {Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress 2019, 30.9.-2.10.2019, Darmstadt},
  pages     = {15 Seiten},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {In this paper, an approach to propulsion system modelling for hybrid-electric general aviation aircraft is presented. Because the focus is on general aviation aircraft, only combinations of electric motors and reciprocating combustion engines are explored. Gas turbine hybrids will not be considered. The level of the component's models is appropriate for the conceptual design stage. They are simple and adaptable, so that a wide range of designs with morphologically different propulsive system architectures can be quickly compared. Modelling strategies for both mass and efficiency of each part of the propulsion system (engine, motor, battery and propeller) will be presented.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{QuitterMarinoBauschat2019,
  author    = {Quitter, Julius and Marino, Matthew and Bauschat, J.-Michael},
  title     = {Highly Non-Planar Aircraft Configurations: Estimation of Flight Mechanical Derivatives Using Low-Order Methods},
  series = {Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress 2019, DLRK 2019. Darmstadt, Germany},
  booktitle = {Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress 2019, DLRK 2019. Darmstadt, Germany},
  pages     = {10 Seiten},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}