@article{TrappLammersEngudaretal.2023,
  author    = {Trapp, Svenja and Lammers, Tom and Engudar, Gokce and Hoehr, Cornelia and Denkova, Antonia G. and Paulßen, Elisabeth and de Kruijff, Robin M.},
  title     = {Membrane-based microfluidic solvent extraction of Ga-68 from aqueous Zn solutions: towards an automated cyclotron production loop},
  series = {EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry},
  volume    = {2023},
  journal   = {EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry},
  number    = {8, Article number: 9},
  publisher = {Springer Nature},
  issn      = {2365-421X},
  doi       = {10.1186/s41181-023-00195-2},
  pages     = {1 -- 14},
  year      = {2023},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{CheenakulaGriebelMontagetal.2023,
  author    = {Cheenakula, Dheeraja and Griebel, Kai and Montag, David and Gr{\"o}mping, Markus},
  title     = {Concept development of a mainstream deammonification and comparison with conventional process in terms of energy, performance and economical construction perspectives},
  series = {Frontiers in Microbiology},
  volume    = {14},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Microbiology},
  number    = {11155235},
  editor    = {Huang, Xiaowu},
  publisher = {Frontiers},
  issn      = {1664-302X},
  doi       = {10.3389/fmicb.2023.1155235},
  pages     = {1 -- 15},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Deammonification for nitrogen removal in municipal wastewater in temperate and cold climate zones is currently limited to the side stream of municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWWTP). This study developed a conceptual model of a mainstream deammonification plant, designed for 30,000 P.E., considering possible solutions corresponding to the challenging mainstream conditions in Germany. In addition, the energy-saving potential, nitrogen elimination performance and construction-related costs of mainstream deammonification were compared to a conventional plant model, having a single-stage activated sludge process with upstream denitrification. The results revealed that an additional treatment step by combining chemical precipitation and ultra-fine screening is advantageous prior the mainstream deammonification. Hereby chemical oxygen demand (COD) can be reduced by 80\% so that the COD:N ratio can be reduced from 12 to 2.5. Laboratory experiments testing mainstream conditions of temperature (8-20°C), pH (6-9) and COD:N ratio (1-6) showed an achievable volumetric nitrogen removal rate (VNRR) of at least 50 gN/(m3∙d) for various deammonifying sludges from side stream deammonification systems in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, where m3 denotes reactor volume. Assuming a retained Norganic content of 0.0035 kgNorg./(P.E.∙d) from the daily loads of N at carbon removal stage and a VNRR of 50 gN/(m3∙d) under mainstream conditions, a resident-specific reactor volume of 0.115 m3/(P.E.) is required for mainstream deammonification. This is in the same order of magnitude as the conventional activated sludge process, i.e., 0.173 m3/(P.E.) for an MWWTP of size class of 4. The conventional plant model yielded a total specific electricity demand of 35 kWh/(P.E.∙a) for the operation of the whole MWWTP and an energy recovery potential of 15.8 kWh/(P.E.∙a) through anaerobic digestion. In contrast, the developed mainstream deammonification model plant would require only a 21.5 kWh/(P.E.∙a) energy demand and result in 24 kWh/(P.E.∙a) energy recovery potential, enabling the mainstream deammonification model plant to be self-sufficient. The retrofitting costs for the implementation of mainstream deammonification in existing conventional MWWTPs are nearly negligible as the existing units like activated sludge reactors, aerators and monitoring technology are reusable. However, the mainstream deammonification must meet the performance requirement of VNRR of about 50 gN/(m3∙d) in this case.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{FreyerThewesMeinecke2023,
  author    = {Freyer, Nils and Thewes, Dustin and Meinecke, Matthias},
  title     = {GUIDO: a hybrid approach to guideline discovery \& ordering from natural language texts},
  series = {Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Data Science, Technology and Applications DATA - Volume 1},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Data Science, Technology and Applications DATA - Volume 1},
  editor    = {Gusikhin, Oleg and Hammoudi, Slimane and Cuzzocrea, Alfredo},
  isbn      = {978-989-758-664-4},
  issn      = {2184-285X},
  doi       = {10.5220/0012084400003541},
  pages     = {335 -- 342},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Extracting workflow nets from textual descriptions can be used to simplify guidelines or formalize textual descriptions of formal processes like business processes and algorithms. The task of manually extracting processes, however, requires domain expertise and effort. While automatic process model extraction is desirable, annotating texts with formalized process models is expensive. Therefore, there are only a few machine-learning-based extraction approaches. Rule-based approaches, in turn, require domain specificity to work well and can rarely distinguish relevant and irrelevant information in textual descriptions. In this paper, we present GUIDO, a hybrid approach to the process model extraction task that first, classifies sentences regarding their relevance to the process model, using a BERT-based sentence classifier, and second, extracts a process model from the sentences classified as relevant, using dependency parsing. The presented approach achieves significantly better resul ts than a pure rule-based approach. GUIDO achieves an average behavioral similarity score of 0.93. Still, in comparison to purely machine-learning-based approaches, the annotation costs stay low.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KloeserBuesgenKohletal.2023,
  author    = {Kl{\"o}ser, Lars and B{\"u}sgen, Andr{\´e} and Kohl, Philipp and Kraft, Bodo and Z{\"u}ndorf, Albert},
  title     = {Explaining relation classification models with semantic extents},
  series = {Deep Learning Theory and Applications},
  booktitle = {Deep Learning Theory and Applications},
  editor    = {Conte, Donatello and Fred, Ana and Gusikhin, Oleg and Sansone, Carlo},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-031-39058-6 (Print)},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-031-39059-3_13},
  pages     = {189 -- 208},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {In recent years, the development of large pretrained language models, such as BERT and GPT, significantly improved information extraction systems on various tasks, including relation classification. State-of-the-art systems are highly accurate on scientific benchmarks. A lack of explainability is currently a complicating factor in many real-world applications. Comprehensible systems are necessary to prevent biased, counterintuitive, or harmful decisions. We introduce semantic extents, a concept to analyze decision patterns for the relation classification task. Semantic extents are the most influential parts of texts concerning classification decisions. Our definition allows similar procedures to determine semantic extents for humans and models. We provide an annotation tool and a software framework to determine semantic extents for humans and models conveniently and reproducibly. Comparing both reveals that models tend to learn shortcut patterns from data. These patterns are hard to detect with current interpretability methods, such as input reductions. Our approach can help detect and eliminate spurious decision patterns during model development. Semantic extents can increase the reliability and security of natural language processing systems. Semantic extents are an essential step in enabling applications in critical areas like healthcare or finance. Moreover, our work opens new research directions for developing methods to explain deep learning models.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Golland2023,
  author    = {Golland, Alexander},
  title     = {Immaterieller Schadensersatz bei Datenschutzverst{\"o}ßen - EuGH tariert aus},
  series = {NWB - Steuer- und Wirtschaftsrecht},
  volume    = {2023},
  journal   = {NWB - Steuer- und Wirtschaftsrecht},
  number    = {26},
  publisher = {NWB Verlag},
  address   = {Herne},
  issn      = {0028-3460},
  pages     = {1845 -- 1845},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Umsatzbasierte Bußgelder - wie sonst nur aus dem Kartellrecht bekannt - waren einer der Gr{\"u}nde, warum die Datenschutz-Grundverordnung (DSGVO) vor ihrem Inkrafttreten f{\"u}r erhebliches Aufsehen sorgte. Die vielfach relevanteren Schadensersatzanspr{\"u}che, die, wie bei „Dieselgate", aufgrund der Vielzahl von betroffenen Personen und der aus Sicht von Rechtsdienstleistern bestehenden Skalierbarkeit mit weitaus h{\"o}heren Einbußen f{\"u}r Unternehmen einhergehen k{\"o}nnen, blieben zun{\"a}chst unbeachtet. Inzwischen ist der Schadensersatzanspruch gem. Art. 82 DSGVO die Vorschrift, die die meisten Vorlagen zum Europ{\"a}ischen Gerichtshof (EuGH) der letzten Jahre hervorgerufen hat. Am 4.5.2023 hat nun der EuGH (Urteil v. 4.5.2023 - Rs. C-300/21, NWB GAAAJ-41389) in einem Grundsatzurteil {\"u}ber zentrale Fragen rund um den Ersatz immaterieller Sch{\"a}den als Folge von Datenschutzverst{\"o}ßen entschieden.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Golland2023,
  author    = {Golland, Alexander},
  title     = {Formelle DSGVO-Verst{\"o}ße wirken sich nicht auf Rechtm{\"a}ßigkeit der Verarbeitung aus},
  series = {DSB Datenschutz-Berater},
  journal   = {DSB Datenschutz-Berater},
  publisher = {DFV Mediengruppe},
  address   = {Frankfurt a.M.},
  pages     = {178 -- 180},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {In dem vorliegenden Beitrag setzt sich der Verfasser mit dem Urteil des EuGH vom 4.5.2023 (Az.: C-60/22, DSB 2023, 178) zu den Auswirkungen eines formellen Verstoßes des Verantwortlichen gegen die Pflichten aus Artt. 26, 30 DSGVO (juris: EUV 2016/679) auf die Rechtm{\"a}ßigkeit der Datenverarbeitung auseinander. Nachdem zun{\"a}chst der zugrunde liegende Sachverhalt und der Hintergrund des Vorlageverfahrens skizziert wurden, gibt der Verfasser einen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber die wesentlichen Entscheidungsgr{\"u}nde des EuGH. Insbesondere stelle der EuGH hier fest, dass die Rechtm{\"a}ßigkeit der Verarbeitung in Art. 6 DSGVO geregelt sei und sich eine rechtswidrige Verarbeitung daher nur aus einem Verstoß gegen die Artt. 6 ff. DSGVO ergeben k{\"o}nne; die Pflichten aus Art. 26 und Art. 30 DSGVO w{\"u}rden nicht zu den Gr{\"u}nden f{\"u}r die Rechtm{\"a}ßigkeit der Verarbeitung z{\"a}hlen. Mit Blick auf die Praxis lasse sich, so der Verfasser abschließend, festhalten, dass die Entscheidung insofern nicht {\"u}berraschend sei; jedoch sei die Feststellung, dass sich aus Verst{\"o}ßen gegen Art. 26 und Art. 30 DSGVO kein Verstoß gegen das Grundrecht auf den Schutz personenbezogener Daten nachweisen lasse {\"u}berraschend und bedenklich. Auch {\"u}berrasche es, dass der EuGH eher in einem Nebensatz feststelle, dass der Verantwortliche im Prozess aufgrund seiner Rechenschaftspflicht gegen{\"u}ber Betroffenen beweisbelastet ist; ob sich die Kammer hier der m{\"o}glichen Auswirkungen ihrer Ausf{\"u}hrungen bewusst gewesen sei, bleibe fraglich.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{OhrtmannGolland2023,
  author    = {Ohrtmann, Jan-Peter and Golland, Alexander},
  title     = {Datenschutz \& Datenrecht - ein Ausblick auf 2023: Nationale Entwicklungen, EuGH-Vorlagen \& Aufsicht},
  series = {DSB Datenschutz-Berater},
  volume    = {2023},
  journal   = {DSB Datenschutz-Berater},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {DFV Mediengruppe},
  address   = {Frankfurt a.M.},
  pages     = {73 -- 75},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Die Verfasser vermitteln einen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber die nationalen Gesetzgebungsverfahren und wesentliche EuGH-Vorlagefragen betreffend den Datenschutz und das Datenrecht f{\"u}r das Jahr 2023. Zun{\"a}chst folgen u.a. Hinweise in Bezug auf den Hinweisgeberschutz, die Verabschiedung der Einwilligungsverwaltungs-Verordnung zur Konkretisierung des \S 26 TTDSG und das Mobilit{\"a}tsdatengesetz. Anschließend werden Vorlagefragen deutscher Gerichte, die dem EuGH vorgelegt und bereits am 12.01.2023 beantwortet wurden, wie etwa C-154/21 und C-132/21 und die EuGH-Entscheidung vom 9.2.2023 (C-453/21), thematisiert. {\"U}berdies f{\"u}hren die Autoren wesentliche Entscheidungen des EuGH an, die im Jahr 2023 aus dem Bereich Datenrecht und Datenschutz zu erwarten seien. Auch Aktivit{\"a}ten der Datenschutzaufsicht auf nationaler und europ{\"a}ischer Ebene finden Erw{\"a}hnung. Die Verfasser machen abschließend auf besonders interessante Entscheidungen, die 2023 erwartet werden, wie etwa das EuGH-Urteil zum Auskunftsanspruch, sowie auf das Verh{\"a}ltnis des der Whistleblowing-RL umzusetzende Hinweisgeberschutzgesetz einerseits und Vorgaben des Datenschutzes andererseits, aufmerksam. Sie empfehlen, die k{\"u}nftige Rechtsprechung des EuGH im Blick zu behalten.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{OhrtmannGolland2023,
  author    = {Ohrtmann, Jan-Peter and Golland, Alexander},
  title     = {Datenschutz \& Datenrecht - ein Ausblick auf 2023: Gesetzgebungsverfahren auf EU-Ebene},
  series = {DSB Datenschutz-Berater},
  volume    = {2023},
  journal   = {DSB Datenschutz-Berater},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Fachmedien Recht und Wirtschaft},
  address   = {Frankfurt am Main},
  pages     = {43 -- 46},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Die Verfasser stellen in ihrem Beitrag die k{\"u}nftig in Kraft tretenden oder schon in Kraft getretenen Gesetzesvorhaben der europ{\"a}ischen Union vor. Vorab werde auf die abgelaufene Frist zur Anpassung von Standardvertragsklausel hingewiesen. Die Anpassung k{\"o}nne ggf. durch den Data Privacy Act der Kommission bewirkt werden, da dieser eine Angemessenheit suggeriere. Neben dem Digital Markets Act, der die Wahrung der Diskriminierungsfreiheit den Gatekeeper-Plattformen bez{\"u}glich der Bewerbung von Waren Dritter vorschreibt, sind ebenfalls der Digital Service Act und der Data Governance Act in Kraft getreten und werden k{\"u}nftig wirksam. Letzteres bezweckt den Datenaustausch von nicht-personenbezogenen Daten {\"o}ffentlich-rechtlicher Datens{\"a}tze, wobei anders als bei DSA, der die Verbraucherrechte durchsetzen m{\"o}chte, mangels Verpflichtung die praktische Umsetzung ausbleiben werde. In der Entwurfsphase stecken der Artificial Intelligence Act, der Data Act, sowie der Cyber Resilience Act. Allen drei sei wegen dem weiten Anwendungsspielraum, der Bußgeldandrohung oder der Cyber-Bedrohungslage besondere praktische Relevanz beizumessen. Die Kommission weite durch diese Gesetzesvorhaben ihre Regelungsabsicht auch auf nicht-personenbezogene Daten und dem Datentransfer aus. Im Ergebnis werden die Unternehmen mit mehr Verpflichtungen konfrontiert, zu dessen Umsetzung ein funktionierendes Compliance-Management-System unabdingbar sei.},
  language  = {de}
}
@unpublished{GreinerJerominSitholeetal.2023,
  author    = {Greiner, Lasse and Jeromin, G{\"u}nter Erich and Sithole, Patience and Petersen, Soenke},
  title     = {Preprint: Studies on the enzymatic reduction of levulinic acid using Chiralidon-R and Chiralidon-S},
  series = {ChemRxiv},
  journal   = {ChemRxiv},
  doi       = {10.26434/chemrxiv-2023-jlvcv},
  pages     = {13 Seiten},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {The enzymatic reduction of levulinic acid by the chiral catalysts Chiralidon-R and Chiralidon-S which are commercially available superabsorbed alcohol dehydrogenases is described. The Chiralidon®-R/S reduces the levulinic acid to the (R,S)-4-hydroxy valeric acid and the (R)- or (S)- gamma-valerolactone.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KuchlerGuenthnerRibeiroetal.2023,
  author    = {Kuchler, Timon and G{\"u}nthner, Roman and Ribeiro, Andrea and Hausinger, Renate and Streese, Lukas and W{\"o}hnl, Anna and Kesseler, Veronika and Negele, Johanna and Assali, Tarek and Carbajo-Lozoya, Javier and Lech, Maciej and Adorjan, Kristina and Stubbe, Hans Christian and Hanssen, Henner and Kotliar, Konstantin and Haller, Berhard and Heemann, Uwe and Schmaderer, Christoph},
  title     = {Persistent endothelial dysfunction in post-COVID-19 syndrome and its associations with symptom severity and chronic inflammation},
  volume    = {26},
  publisher = {Springer Nature},
  address   = {Dordrecht},
  doi       = {10.1007/s10456-023-09885-6},
  pages     = {547 -- 563},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Background Post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) is a lingering disease with ongoing symptoms such as fatigue and cognitive impairment resulting in a high impact on the daily life of patients. Understanding the pathophysiology of PCS is a public health priority, as it still poses a diagnostic and treatment challenge for physicians. Methods In this prospective observational cohort study, we analyzed the retinal microcirculation using Retinal Vessel Analysis (RVA) in a cohort of patients with PCS and compared it to an age- and gender-matched healthy cohort (n = 41, matched out of n = 204). Measurements and main results PCS patients exhibit persistent endothelial dysfunction (ED), as indicated by significantly lower venular flicker-induced dilation (vFID; 3.42\% ± 1.77\% vs. 4.64\% ± 2.59\%; p = 0.02), narrower central retinal artery equivalent (CRAE; 178.1 [167.5-190.2] vs. 189.1 [179.4-197.2], p = 0.01) and lower arteriolar-venular ratio (AVR; (0.84 [0.8-0.9] vs. 0.88 [0.8-0.9], p = 0.007). When combining AVR and vFID, predicted scores reached good ability to discriminate groups (area under the curve: 0.75). Higher PCS severity scores correlated with lower AVR (R = - 0.37 p = 0.017). The association of microvascular changes with PCS severity were amplified in PCS patients exhibiting higher levels of inflammatory parameters. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that prolonged endothelial dysfunction is a hallmark of PCS, and impairments of the microcirculation seem to explain ongoing symptoms in patients. As potential therapies for PCS emerge, RVA parameters may become relevant as clinical biomarkers for diagnosis and therapy management.},
  language  = {en}
}