@inproceedings{KohlFreyerKraemeretal.2023,
  author    = {Kohl, Philipp and Freyer, Nils and Kr{\"a}mer, Yoka and Werth, Henri and Wolf, Steffen and Kraft, Bodo and Meinecke, Matthias and Z{\"u}ndorf, Albert},
  title     = {ALE: a simulation-based active learning evaluation framework for the parameter-driven comparison of query strategies for NLP},
  series = {Deep Learning Theory and Applications. DeLTA 2023. Communications in Computer and Information Science},
  booktitle = {Deep Learning Theory and Applications. DeLTA 2023. Communications in Computer and Information Science},
  editor    = {Conte, Donatello and Fred, Ana and Gusikhin, Oleg and Sansone, Carlo},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-031-39058-6 (Print)},
  doi       = {978-3-031-39059-3},
  pages     = {235 -- 253},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Supervised machine learning and deep learning require a large amount of labeled data, which data scientists obtain in a manual, and time-consuming annotation process. To mitigate this challenge, Active Learning (AL) proposes promising data points to annotators they annotate next instead of a subsequent or random sample. This method is supposed to save annotation effort while maintaining model performance. However, practitioners face many AL strategies for different tasks and need an empirical basis to choose between them. Surveys categorize AL strategies into taxonomies without performance indications. Presentations of novel AL strategies compare the performance to a small subset of strategies. Our contribution addresses the empirical basis by introducing a reproducible active learning evaluation (ALE) framework for the comparative evaluation of AL strategies in NLP. The framework allows the implementation of AL strategies with low effort and a fair data-driven comparison through defining and tracking experiment parameters (e.g., initial dataset size, number of data points per query step, and the budget). ALE helps practitioners to make more informed decisions, and researchers can focus on developing new, effective AL strategies and deriving best practices for specific use cases. With best practices, practitioners can lower their annotation costs. We present a case study to illustrate how to use the framework.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KohlSchmidtsKloeseretal.2021,
  author    = {Kohl, Philipp and Schmidts, Oliver and Kl{\"o}ser, Lars and Werth, Henri and Kraft, Bodo and Z{\"u}ndorf, Albert},
  title     = {STAMP 4 NLP - an agile framework for rapid quality-driven NLP applications development},
  series = {Quality of Information and Communications Technology. QUATIC 2021},
  booktitle = {Quality of Information and Communications Technology. QUATIC 2021},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-030-85346-4},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-030-85347-1_12},
  pages     = {156 -- 166},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The progress in natural language processing (NLP) research over the last years, offers novel business opportunities for companies, as automated user interaction or improved data analysis. Building sophisticated NLP applications requires dealing with modern machine learning (ML) technologies, which impedes enterprises from establishing successful NLP projects. Our experience in applied NLP research projects shows that the continuous integration of research prototypes in production-like environments with quality assurance builds trust in the software and shows convenience and usefulness regarding the business goal. We introduce STAMP 4 NLP as an iterative and incremental process model for developing NLP applications. With STAMP 4 NLP, we merge software engineering principles with best practices from data science. Instantiating our process model allows efficiently creating prototypes by utilizing templates, conventions, and implementations, enabling developers and data scientists to focus on the business goals. Due to our iterative-incremental approach, businesses can deploy an enhanced version of the prototype to their software environment after every iteration, maximizing potential business value and trust early and avoiding the cost of successful yet never deployed experiments.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Kraft2004,
  author    = {Kraft, Bodo},
  title     = {Conceptual design tools for civil engineering},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Applications of Graph Transformations with Industrial Relevance Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2004, Volume 3062/2004, 434-439, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-25959-6_33 This paper gives a brief overview of the tools we have developed to support conceptual design in civil engineering. Based on the UPGRADE framework, two applications, one for the knowledge engineer and another for architects allow to store domain specific knowledge and to use this knowledge during conceptual design. Consistency analyses check the design against the defined knowledge and inform the architect if rules are violated.},
  subject      = {CAD},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Kraft2003,
  author    = {Kraft, Bodo},
  title     = {Conceptual design mit ArchiCAD 8 : Forschungsprojekt an der RWTH Aachen},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Projektbericht in GraphisoftNews - Architektur und Bauen in einer vernetzten Welt 3/2003 4 Seiten},
  subject      = {CAD},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Kraft2003,
  author    = {Kraft, Bodo},
  title     = {LexiCAD Step by Step : B{\"u}rogeb{\"a}ude : Erstellen eines Grundrisses mit RoomObjects und LexiCAD},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {11 Seiten, 22 Abbildungen 1. Konstruktion des Außenumrisses 2. Festlegung der inneren R{\"a}ume 3. Einf{\"u}gen der RoomLinks 4. Wallgenerator},
  subject      = {CAD},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Kraft2007,
  author    = {Kraft, Bodo},
  title     = {Semantische Unterst{\"u}tzung des konzeptuellen Geb{\"a}udeentwurfs},
  publisher = {Shaker},
  address   = {Aachen},
  isbn      = {978-3-8322-6045-3},
  pages     = {VIII, 381 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KraftHeerRetkowitz2008,
  author    = {Kraft, Bodo and Heer, Thomas and Retkowitz, Daniel},
  title     = {Algorithm and Tool for Ontology Integration Based on Graph Rewriting / Heer, Thomas ; Retkowitz, Daniel ; Kraft, Bodo},
  series = {Applications of Graph Transformations with Industrial Relevance / Third International Symposium, AGTIVE 2007, Kassel, Germany, October 10-12, 2007, Revised Selected and Invited Papers},
  journal   = {Applications of Graph Transformations with Industrial Relevance / Third International Symposium, AGTIVE 2007, Kassel, Germany, October 10-12, 2007, Revised Selected and Invited Papers},
  isbn      = {978-3-540-89019-5},
  pages     = {577 -- 582},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KraftHeerRetkowitz2008,
  author    = {Kraft, Bodo and Heer, Thomas and Retkowitz, Daniel},
  title     = {Incremental Ontology Integration / Heer, Thomas ; Retkowitz, Daniel ; Kraft, Bodo},
  series = {Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems : Barcelona, Spain, June 12 - 16, 2008 / organized by INSTICC, Institute for Systems and Technologies of Information, Control and Communication ... [Ed. by Jos{\´e} Cordeiro ...]},
  journal   = {Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems : Barcelona, Spain, June 12 - 16, 2008 / organized by INSTICC, Institute for Systems and Technologies of Information, Control and Communication ... [Ed. by Jos{\´e} Cordeiro ...]},
  publisher = {INSTICC},
  address   = {Setubal},
  pages     = {13 -- 28},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{KraftKohlMeinecke2024,
  author    = {Kraft, Bodo and Kohl, Philipp and Meinecke, Matthias},
  title     = {Analyse und Nachverfolgung von Projektzielen durch Einsatz von Natural Language Processing},
  series = {KI in der Projektwirtschaft : was ver{\"a}ndert sich durch KI im Projektmanagement?},
  booktitle = {KI in der Projektwirtschaft : was ver{\"a}ndert sich durch KI im Projektmanagement?},
  editor    = {Bernert, Christian and Scheurer, Steffen and Wehnes, Harald},
  publisher = {UVK Verlag},
  isbn      = {978-3-3811-1132-9 (Online)},
  doi       = {10.24053/9783381111329},
  pages     = {157 -- 167},
  year      = {2024},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{KraftMeyerNagl2002,
  author    = {Kraft, Bodo and Meyer, Oliver and Nagl, Manfred},
  title     = {Graph technology support for conceptual design in civil engineering},
  isbn      = {3-18-318004-9},
  year      = {2002},
  abstract  = {In: Advances in intelligent computing in engineering : proceedings of the 9.International EG-ICE Workshop ; Darmstadt, (01 - 03 August) 2002 / Martina Schnellenbach-Held ... (eds.) . - D{\"u}sseldorf: VDI-Verl., 2002 .- Fortschritt-Berichte VDI, Reihe 4, Bauingenieurwesen ; 180 ; S. 1-35 The paper describes a novel way to support conceptual design in civil engineering. The designer uses semantical tools guaranteeing certain internal structures of the design result but also the fulfillment of various constraints. Two different approaches and corresponding tools are discussed: (a) Visually specified tools with automatic code generation to determine a design structure as well as fixing various constraints a design has to obey. These tools are also valuable for design knowledge specialist. (b) Extensions of existing CAD tools to provide semantical knowledge to be used by an architect. It is sketched how these different tools can be combined in the future. The main part of the paper discusses the concepts and realization of two prototypes following the two above approaches. The paper especially discusses that specific graphs and the specification of their structure are useful for both tool realization projects.},
  subject      = {CAD},
  language  = {en}
}