@inproceedings{RitzTerhaarWallenborn2012,
  author    = {Ritz, Thomas and Terhaar, Kristin and Wallenborn, Ramona},
  title     = {HMI f{\"u}r eCarSharing : ein Baustein f{\"u}r nachhaltige Mobilit{\"a}t},
  series = {Mensch \& Computer 2012 - Workshopband : 12. Fach{\"u}bergreifende Konferenz f{\"u}r interaktive und kooperative Medien ; interaktiv informiert - allgegenw{\"a}rtig und allumfassend!?},
  booktitle = {Mensch \& Computer 2012 - Workshopband : 12. Fach{\"u}bergreifende Konferenz f{\"u}r interaktive und kooperative Medien ; interaktiv informiert - allgegenw{\"a}rtig und allumfassend!?},
  editor    = {Reiterer, Harald},
  publisher = {Oldenbourg},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  isbn      = {978-3-486-71990-1 (Print)},
  doi       = {10.1524/9783486719918.341},
  pages     = {381 -- 388},
  year      = {2012},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Bragard2012,
  author    = {Bragard, Michael},
  title     = {The integrated emitter turn-off thyristor : an innovative MOS-gated high-power device. - (Aachener Beitr{\"a}ge des ISEA ; 62)},
  publisher = {Shaker},
  address   = {Aachen},
  isbn      = {978-3-8440-1152-4},
  pages     = {III, 164 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {This thesis introduces the Integrated Emitter Turn-Off (IETO) Thyristor as a new high-power device. Known state-of-the-art research activities like the Dual GCT, the ETO thyristor and the ICT were presented and critically reviewed. A comparison with commercialized solutions identifies the pros and cons of each type of device family. Based on this analysis, the IETO structure is proposed, covering most benefits of each device class. In particular the combination of a MOS-assisted turn-off with a thyristor-based device allows a voltage-controlled MOS switching and the low on-state voltage of the thyristors. The following synthesis of an IETO device stands on a three-dimensional field of optimization spanned by electric, mechanical and thermal aspects. From an electric point of view, the lowest possible parasitic inductance and resistance within the commutation path are optimization criteria. The mechanical construction has to withstand the required contact pressure of multiple kilo Newtons. Finally, thermal borders limit the maximum average current of the device. FEM simulations covering these three aspects are performed for several design proposals. An IETO prototype is constructed and measurements on various test benches attest thermal, mechanical and electric performance. A local decoupling of the external driver stage and the presspack housing is presented by a cable connection. This separation enables a thermal and mechanical independence, which is advantageous in terms of vibrations and thermal cycles including increased reliability. The electric pulse performance of the prototype device is a factor of 3.1 above today''s solutions. In single-pulse measurements, a current up to 1600 A was successfully turned off at 115°C with an active silicon area of 823 mm². One reason for this increased turn-off capability is the extremely low-inductive construction. Additional functionality of the IETO thyristor like over-current self-protection and defined short-circuit failure state are successfully verified.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Wolf2012,
  author    = {Wolf, Martin R.},
  title     = {Von Security Awareness zum Secure Behaviour},
  series = {Hakin9 Extra - IT-Forensik},
  volume    = {2012},
  journal   = {Hakin9 Extra - IT-Forensik},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Software Wydawnictwo},
  address   = {Warszawa},
  issn      = {1733-7186},
  pages     = {18 -- 19},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Security Awareness ist derzeit ein viel diskutiertes Thema. Es reicht nicht, einfach nur ein paar technische Systeme (z.B. Firewalls) zu installieren, um ein angemessenes Schutzniveau zu erzielen. Neben einer guten Organisation von IT Security ist es auch notwendig, den Mitarbeiter einzubinden. Der vielzitierte "Faktor Mensch" ist derjenige, der die Technik korrekt anwenden muss und der durch falsches Verhalten technische und organisatorische Schutzmaßnahmen aushebeln kann. Deshalb reicht es nicht aus, wenn sich der Mitarbeiter der Gefahren bewusst ("aware") ist, er muss auch dementsprechend "sicher" handeln.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{LindelGreiserWaxmanetal.2012,
  author    = {Lindel, Tomasz Dawid and Greiser, Andreas and Waxman, Patrick and Dietterle, Martin and Seifert, Frank and Fontius, Ulrich and Renz, Wolfgang and Dieringer, Matthias A. and Frauenrath, Tobias and Schulz-Menger, Jeanette and Niendorf, Thoralf and Ittermann, Bernd},
  title     = {Cardiac CINE MRI at 7 T using a transmit array},
  series = {2012 ISMRM Annual Meeting Proceedings},
  journal   = {2012 ISMRM Annual Meeting Proceedings},
  issn      = {1545-4428},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {With its need for high SNR and short acquisition times, Cardiac MRI (CMR) is an intriguing target application for ultrahigh field MRI. Due to the sheer size of the upper torso, however, the known RF issues of 7T MRI are also most prominent in CMR. Recent years brought substantial progress but the full potential of the ultrahigh field for CMR is yet to be exploited. Parallel transmission (pTx) is a promising approach in this context and several groups have already reported B1 shimming for 7T CMR. In such a static pTx application amplitudes and phases of all Tx channels are adjusted individually but otherwise imaging techniques established in current clinical practice 1.5 T and 3 T are applied. More advanced forms of pTx as spatially selective excitation (SSE) using Transmit SENSE promise additional benefits like faster imaging with reduced fields of view or improved SAR control. SSE requires the full dynamic capabilities of pTx, however, and for the majority of today's implemented pTx hardware the internal synchronization of the Tx array does not easily permit external triggering as needed for CMR. Here we report a software solution to this problem and demonstrate the feasibility of CINE CMR at 7 T using a Tx array.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FerreinMeyer2012,
  author    = {Ferrein, Alexander and Meyer, Thomas},
  title     = {A Brief Overview of Artificial Intelligence in South Africa},
  series = {AI Magazine},
  volume    = {33},
  journal   = {AI Magazine},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {AAAI},
  address   = {Menlo Park},
  issn      = {0738-4602},
  doi       = {10.1609/aimag.v33i1.2357},
  pages     = {99 -- 101},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {South Africa in recent years is the establishment of a number of research hubs involved in AI activities ranging from mobile robotics and computational intelligence, to knowledge representation and reasoning, and human language technologies. In this survey we take the reader through a quick tour of the research being conducted at these hubs, and touch on an initiative to maintain and extend the current level of interest in AI research in the country.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BragardvanHoekDeDoncker2012,
  author    = {Bragard, Michael and van Hoek, H. and De Doncker, R. W.},
  title     = {A major design step in IETO concept realization that allows overcurrent protection and pushes limits of switching performance},
  series = {IEEE transactions on power electronics},
  volume    = {27},
  journal   = {IEEE transactions on power electronics},
  number    = {9},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {0885-8993},
  doi       = {10.1109/TPEL.2012.2189136},
  pages     = {4163 -- 4171},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {This paper presents the latest prototype of the integrated emitter turn-off thyristor concept, which potentially ranks among thyristor high-power devices like the gate turn-off thyristor and the integrated gate-commutated thyristor (IGCT). Due to modifications of the external driver stage and mechanical press-pack design optimization, this prototype allows for full device characterization. The turn-off capability was increased to 1600 A with an active silicon area of 823mm2 . This leads to a transient peak power of 672.1kW/cm² . Within this paper, measurements and concept assessment are presented and a comparison to state-of-the-art IGCT devices is provided.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{TkachenkovonKnobelsdorffBrenkenhoffKleindienstetal.2012,
  author    = {Tkachenko, Valeriy and von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff, Florian and Kleindienst, Denise and Winter, Lukas and Rieger, Jan and Frauenrath, Tobias and Dieringer, Matthias A. and Santoro, Davide and Niendorf, Thoralf and Schulz-Menger, Jeanette},
  title     = {Cardiovasular MR at 7Tesla: assessment of the right ventricle},
  series = {2012 ISMRM Annual Meeting Proceedings},
  journal   = {2012 ISMRM Annual Meeting Proceedings},
  issn      = {1545-4428},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {The assessment of the right ventricle (RV) is a challenge in today's cardiology, but of growing clinical impact regarding patient prognosis in different cardiac diseases. The detection and differentiation of small wall motion abnormalities may help to enhance the differentiation of cardiomyopathies including Arrhythmogenic Rightventricular Cardiomyopathy. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) at 1.5T is the accepted gold standard for RV quantification. The higher spatial resolution achievable at ultrahigh field strength (UHF) offers the potential to gain new insights into the structure and function of the RV. To approach this goal accurate RV chamber quantification at 7T has to be proven. Consequently this study examines the feasibility of assessment of RV dimensions and function at 7T using improved spatial resolution enabled by the intrinsic sensitivity gain of UHF CMR. For this purpose, a dedicated 16 channel TX/RX RF coil array is used together with 2D CINE fast gradient echo (FGRE) imaging. For comparison RV chamber quantification is conducted at 1.5T using a SSFP based state of the art clinical protocol.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{GraesslRenzHezeletal.2012,
  author    = {Gr{\"a}ßl, Andreas and Renz, Wolfgang and Hezel, Fabian and Frauenrath, Tobias and Pfeiffer, Harald and Hoffmann, Werner and Kellmann, Peter and Martin, Conrad and Niendorf, Thoralf},
  title     = {Design, evaluation and application of a modular 32 channel transmit/receive surface coil array for cardiac MRI at 7T},
  series = {2012 ISMRM Annual Meeting Proceedings},
  journal   = {2012 ISMRM Annual Meeting Proceedings},
  issn      = {1545-4428},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Cardiac MR (CMR) at ultrahigh (≥7.0 T) fields is regarded as one of the most challenging MRI applications. At 7.0 T image quality is not always exclusively defined by signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). Detrimental effects bear the potential to spoil the signal-to-noise (SNR) and contrast-to-noise (CNR) benefits of cardiac MR (CMR) at 7.0 T. B₁⁺-inhomogeneities and signal voids represent the main challenges. Various pioneering coil concepts have been proposed to tackle these issues, enabling cardiac MRI at 7.0 T. This includes a trend towards an ever larger number of transmit and receive channels. This approach affords multi-dimensional B₁⁺ modulations to improve B₁⁺ shimming performance and to enhance RF efficiency. Also, parallel imaging benefits from a high number of receive channels enabling two-dimensional acceleration. Realizing the limitations of existing coil designs tailored for UHF CMR and recognizing the opportunities of a many element TX/RX channel architecture this work proposes a modular, two dimensional 32-channel transmit and receive array using loop elements and examines its efficacy for enhanced B¹+ homogeneity and improved parallel imaging performance.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FrauenrathFuchsDieringeretal.2012,
  author    = {Frauenrath, Tobias and Fuchs, Katharina and Dieringer, Matthias A. and {\"O}zerdem, Celal and Patel, Nishan and Renz, Wolfgang and Greiser, Andreas and Elgeti, Thomas and Niendorf, Thoralf},
  title     = {Detailing the use of magnetohydrodynamic effects for synchronization of MRI with the cardiac cycle: A feasibility study},
  series = {Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging},
  volume    = {36},
  journal   = {Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Wiley-Liss},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {1522-2586},
  doi       = {10.1002/jmri.23634},
  pages     = {364 -- 372},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of using magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effects for synchronization of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with the cardiac cycle. Materials and Methods: The MHD effect was scrutinized using a pulsatile flow phantom at B0 = 7.0 T. MHD effects were examined in vivo in healthy volunteers (n = 10) for B0 ranging from 0.05-7.0 T. Noncontrast-enhanced MR angiography (MRA) of the carotids was performed using a gated steady-state free-precession (SSFP) imaging technique in conjunction with electrocardiogram (ECG) and MHD synchronization. Results: The MHD potential correlates with flow velocities derived from phase contrast MRI. MHD voltages depend on the orientation between B0 and the flow of a conductive fluid. An increase in the interelectrode spacing along the flow increases the MHD potential. In vivo measurement of the MHD effect provides peak voltages of 1.5 mV for surface areas close to the common carotid artery at B0 = 7.0 T. Synchronization of MRI with the cardiac cycle using MHD triggering is feasible. MHD triggered MRA of the carotids at 3.0 T showed an overall image quality and richness of anatomic detail, which is comparable to ECG-triggered MRAs. Conclusion: This feasibility study demonstrates the use of MHD effects for synchronization of MR acquisitions with the cardiac cycle. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;36:364-372. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{NiendorfWinterFrauenrath2012,
  author    = {Niendorf, Thoralf and Winter, Lukas and Frauenrath, Tobias},
  title     = {Electrocardiogram in an MRI environment: Clinical needs, practical considerations, safety implications, technical solutions and fFuture directions},
  series = {Advances in Electrocardiograms - Methods and Analysis},
  booktitle = {Advances in Electrocardiograms - Methods and Analysis},
  editor    = {Millis, Richard},
  publisher = {IntechOpen},
  address   = {London},
  isbn      = {978-953-307-923-3 (print)},
  doi       = {10.5772/24340},
  pages     = {309 -- 324},
  year      = {2012},
  language  = {en}
}