@inproceedings{AltherrConzenElsenetal.2023, author = {Altherr, Lena and Conzen, Max and Elsen, Ingo and Frauenrath, Tobias and Lyrmann, Andreas}, title = {Sensor retrofitting of existing buildings in an interdisciplinary teaching project at university level}, series = {Tagungsband AALE 2023 : mit Automatisierung gegen den Klimawandel}, booktitle = {Tagungsband AALE 2023 : mit Automatisierung gegen den Klimawandel}, editor = {Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and J{\"a}kel, Jens and Schwarz, Andr{\´e}}, publisher = {le-tex publishing services GmbH}, address = {Leipzig}, isbn = {978-3-910103-01-6}, doi = {10.33968/2023.04}, pages = {31 -- 40}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Existing residential buildings have an average lifetime of 100 years. Many of these buildings will exist for at least another 50 years. To increase the efficiency of these buildings while keeping costs at reasonable rates, they can be retrofitted with sensors that deliver information to central control units for heating, ventilation and electricity. This retrofitting process should happen with minimal intervention into existing infrastructure and requires new approaches for sensor design and data transmission. At FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences, students of different disciplines work together to learn how to design, build, deploy and operate such sensors. The presented teaching project already created a low power design for a combined CO2, temperature and humidity measurement device that can be easily integrated into most home automation systems}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Hetterle2023, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Hetterle, Lukas}, title = {Breathe}, publisher = {FH Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, pages = {113 Seiten}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Ein nachhaltiges, autonomes Fahrzeug, das in einer extrem schnellen und hektischen Welt, gepr{\"a}gt durch Digitalisierung und Urbanisierung, einen Moment der Ruhe bieten soll; eine Pause von der st{\"a}ndigen Flut von Eindr{\"u}cken und Informationen. Ein immersives Design, das meditative und kreative Prozesse unterst{\"u}tzt und Mensch-Mensch sowie Mensch-Natur Begegnungen f{\"o}rdert.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Hoffmann2023, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Hoffmann, Jan-Peter}, title = {Schl{\"u}ter Projekt X}, publisher = {FH Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, school = {Fachhochschule Aachen}, pages = {109 Seiten}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Schl{\"u}ter Projekt X ist die fiktive Reanimation des Traktorenherstellers Schl{\"u}ter. Dabei geht es darum, auf Basis der originalen Traktoren eine moderne Maschine zu entwerfen, welche die bew{\"a}hrte und beliebte Formsprache mit moderner Technologie und aktuellen Funktionen verbindet, um den Anforderungen der modernen Landwirtschaft gerecht zu werden. Dazu wurde Projekt X stark modular aufgebaut. Die Fahrzeugkabine l{\"a}sst sich um 180° drehen und gegebenenfalls durch ein vollkommen autonomes Modul austauschen. Die Reifen lassen sich bei Bedarf durch Ketten ersetzen. Projekt X wird elektronisch angetrieben, zur Vermeidung langer Ladezeiten l{\"a}sst sich der gesamte Akkublock in der Motorhaube austauschen.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Kuck2023, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Kuck, Fabian}, title = {Commuter Zone : R{\"u}ckzugsort f{\"u}r Pendelnde zum Ausgleich ihrer Reisezeit}, publisher = {FH Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, pages = {103 Seiten}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Die „Commuter Zone" setzt sich mit dem Zeitverlust Pendelnder auseinander. Berufliche Ziele treiben immer mehr Menschen an, l{\"a}ngere Strecken zur{\"u}ckzulegen. Dabei b{\"u}ßen sie den Zeitaufwand an privater Stelle ein. Als R{\"u}ckzugsort f{\"u}r Alleinreisende schafft die „Commuter Zone" ein effektiv nutzbares Zeitfenster. Dazu wird die R{\"u}cksichtnahme der Routinierten zueinander genutzt und gef{\"o}rdert. Sitz- und Arbeitsfl{\"a}chen lassen sich zur{\"u}ckklappen und erleichtern das Aussteigen. Der begrenzte Raum wird intensiv genutzt. So entsteht Komfort durch die Zuversicht, einen Sitzplatz zu erhalten. Und dank der Zusammensetzung der Sitzkonstellation bleibt das Arbeitsgeschehen privat. Letztlich bietet die „Commuter Zone" den zunehmend selbstbestimmenden Besch{\"a}ftigten neue M{\"o}glichkeiten zur Arbeitseinteilung und schafft Qualit{\"a}tszeit im Privaten.}, language = {de} } @article{PfaffBabilon2023, author = {Pfaff, Raphael and Babilon, Katharina}, title = {Railway Challenge - moderne Auflage der Rainhill Trials?}, series = {Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau : ETR ; Impulsgeber f{\"u}r das System Bahn}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau : ETR ; Impulsgeber f{\"u}r das System Bahn}, number = {4}, publisher = {DVV Media Group}, address = {Hamburg}, issn = {0013-2845}, pages = {55 -- 58}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Die IMechE Railway Challenge wird j{\"a}hrlich in Stapleford, Großbritannien ausgetragen. Im Rahmen der Challenge entwickeln und bauen Studierende eine Lokomotive und vergleichen sich in verschiedenen Disziplinen, darunter eine automatisierte Zielbremsung, optimale Energier{\"u}ckgewinnung beim Bremsen und minimale Ger{\"a}uschemissionen. Neben diesen und weiteren technischen Wettbewerbsdisziplinen treten die Fahrzeuge und die Teams auch in nicht-technischen Disziplinen wie einer Business Case Challenge an.}, language = {de} } @article{LaarmannThomaMischetal.2023, author = {Laarmann, Lukas and Thoma, Andreas and Misch, Philipp and R{\"o}th, Thilo and Braun, Carsten and Watkins, Simon and Fard, Mohammad}, title = {Automotive safety approach for future eVTOL vehicles}, series = {CEAS Aeronautical Journal}, journal = {CEAS Aeronautical Journal}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, issn = {1869-5590 (Online)}, doi = {10.1007/s13272-023-00655-0}, pages = {11 Seiten}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The eVTOL industry is a rapidly growing mass market expected to start in 2024. eVTOL compete, caused by their predicted missions, with ground-based transportation modes, including mainly passenger cars. Therefore, the automotive and classical aircraft design process is reviewed and compared to highlight advantages for eVTOL development. A special focus is on ergonomic comfort and safety. The need for further investigation of eVTOL's crashworthiness is outlined by, first, specifying the relevance of passive safety via accident statistics and customer perception analysis; second, comparing the current state of regulation and certification; and third, discussing the advantages of integral safety and applying the automotive safety approach for eVTOL development. Integral safety links active and passive safety, while the automotive safety approach means implementing standardized mandatory full-vehicle crash tests for future eVTOL. Subsequently, possible crash impact conditions are analyzed, and three full-vehicle crash load cases are presented.}, language = {en} } @article{GaigallGerstenberg2023, author = {Gaigall, Daniel and Gerstenberg, Julian}, title = {Cram{\´e}r-von-Mises tests for the distribution of the excess over a confidence level}, series = {Journal of Nonparametric Statistics}, journal = {Journal of Nonparametric Statistics}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, issn = {1048-5252 (Print)}, doi = {10.1080/10485252.2023.2173958}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The Cram{\´e}r-von-Mises distance is applied to the distribution of the excess over a confidence level. Asymptotics of related statistics are investigated, and it is seen that the obtained limit distributions differ from the classical ones. For that reason, quantiles of the new limit distributions are given and new bootstrap techniques for approximation purposes are introduced and justified. The results motivate new one-sample goodness-of-fit tests for the distribution of the excess over a confidence level and a new confidence interval for the related fitting error. Simulation studies investigate size and power of the tests as well as coverage probabilities of the confidence interval in the finite sample case. A practice-oriented application of the Cram{\´e}r-von-Mises tests is the determination of an appropriate confidence level for the fitting approach. The adoption of the idea to the well-known problem of threshold detection in the context of peaks over threshold modelling is sketched and illustrated by data examples.}, language = {en} } @article{LiphardtFernandezGonzaloAlbrachtetal.2023, author = {Liphardt, Anna-Maria and Fernandez-Gonzalo, Rodrigo and Albracht, Kirsten and Rittweger, J{\"o}rn and Vico, Laurence}, title = {Musculoskeletal research in human space flight - unmet needs for the success of crewed deep space exploration}, series = {npj Microgravity}, volume = {9}, journal = {npj Microgravity}, number = {Article number: 9}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, issn = {2373-8065}, doi = {10.1038/s41526-023-00258-3}, pages = {1 -- 9}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Based on the European Space Agency (ESA) Science in Space Environment (SciSpacE) community White Paper "Human Physiology - Musculoskeletal system", this perspective highlights unmet needs and suggests new avenues for future studies in musculoskeletal research to enable crewed exploration missions. The musculoskeletal system is essential for sustaining physical function and energy metabolism, and the maintenance of health during exploration missions, and consequently mission success, will be tightly linked to musculoskeletal function. Data collection from current space missions from pre-, during-, and post-flight periods would provide important information to understand and ultimately offset musculoskeletal alterations during long-term spaceflight. In addition, understanding the kinetics of the different components of the musculoskeletal system in parallel with a detailed description of the molecular mechanisms driving these alterations appears to be the best approach to address potential musculoskeletal problems that future exploratory-mission crew will face. These research efforts should be accompanied by technical advances in molecular and phenotypic monitoring tools to provide in-flight real-time feedback.}, language = {en} } @article{RingersBialonskiEgeetal.2023, author = {Ringers, Christa and Bialonski, Stephan and Ege, Mert and Solovev, Anton and Hansen, Jan Niklas and Jeong, Inyoung and Friedrich, Benjamin M. and Jurisch-Yaksi, Nathalie}, title = {Novel analytical tools reveal that local synchronization of cilia coincides with tissue-scale metachronal waves in zebrafish multiciliated epithelia}, series = {eLife}, volume = {12}, journal = {eLife}, publisher = {eLife Sciences Publications}, issn = {2050-084X}, doi = {10.7554/eLife.77701}, pages = {27 Seiten}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Motile cilia are hair-like cell extensions that beat periodically to generate fluid flow along various epithelial tissues within the body. In dense multiciliated carpets, cilia were shown to exhibit a remarkable coordination of their beat in the form of traveling metachronal waves, a phenomenon which supposedly enhances fluid transport. Yet, how cilia coordinate their regular beat in multiciliated epithelia to move fluids remains insufficiently understood, particularly due to lack of rigorous quantification. We combine experiments, novel analysis tools, and theory to address this knowledge gap. To investigate collective dynamics of cilia, we studied zebrafish multiciliated epithelia in the nose and the brain. We focused mainly on the zebrafish nose, due to its conserved properties with other ciliated tissues and its superior accessibility for non-invasive imaging. We revealed that cilia are synchronized only locally and that the size of local synchronization domains increases with the viscosity of the surrounding medium. Even though synchronization is local only, we observed global patterns of traveling metachronal waves across the zebrafish multiciliated epithelium. Intriguingly, these global wave direction patterns are conserved across individual fish, but different for left and right noses, unveiling a chiral asymmetry of metachronal coordination. To understand the implications of synchronization for fluid pumping, we used a computational model of a regular array of cilia. We found that local metachronal synchronization prevents steric collisions, i.e., cilia colliding with each other, and improves fluid pumping in dense cilia carpets, but hardly affects the direction of fluid flow. In conclusion, we show that local synchronization together with tissue-scale cilia alignment coincide and generate metachronal wave patterns in multiciliated epithelia, which enhance their physiological function of fluid pumping.}, language = {en} } @article{BoehnischBraunMuscarelloetal.2023, author = {B{\"o}hnisch, Nils and Braun, Carsten and Muscarello, Vincenzo and Marzocca, Pier}, title = {A sensitivity study on aeroelastic instabilities of slender wings with a large propeller}, series = {AIAA SCITECH 2023 Forum}, journal = {AIAA SCITECH 2023 Forum}, publisher = {AIAA}, address = {Reston, Va.}, doi = {10.2514/6.2023-1893}, pages = {1 -- 14}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Next-generation aircraft designs often incorporate multiple large propellers attached along the wingspan. These highly flexible dynamic systems can exhibit uncommon aeroelastic instabilities, which should be carefully investigated to ensure safe operation. The interaction between the propeller and the wing is of particular importance. It is known that whirl flutter is stabilized by wing motion and wing aerodynamics. This paper investigates the effect of a propeller onto wing flutter as a function of span position and mounting stiffness between the propeller and wing. The analysis of a comparison between a tractor and pusher configuration has shown that the coupled system is more stable than the standalone wing for propeller positions near the wing tip for both configurations. The wing fluttermechanism is mostly affected by the mass of the propeller and the resulting change in eigenfrequencies of the wing. For very weak mounting stiffnesses, whirl flutter occurs, which was shown to be stabilized compared to a standalone propeller due to wing motion. On the other hand, the pusher configuration is, as to be expected, the more critical configuration due to the attached mass behind the elastic axis.}, language = {de} }