@misc{TopcuMadabhushiStaat2022, author = {Topcu, Murat and Madabhushi, Gopal Santana Phani and Staat, Manfred}, title = {Datasets from FEM Simulations done with COMSOL Multiphysics and Code_Aster}, doi = {10.6084/m9.figshare.19333295.v2}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Datasets from FEM Simulations done with COMSOL Multiphysics and Code_Aster for an elastic stress transfer between matrix and fibres having a variable radius.}, language = {en} } @article{KubalskiButenwegElDeib2022, author = {Kubalski, Thomas and Butenweg, Christoph and El-Deib, Khaled}, title = {Vereinfachte Ber{\"u}cksichtigung der Rahmentragwirkung in Mauerwerksgeb{\"a}uden}, series = {Bautechnik}, volume = {99}, journal = {Bautechnik}, number = {12}, editor = {Jesse, Dirk}, publisher = {Ernst \& Sohn}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {0932-8351}, doi = {10.1002/bate.202200081}, pages = {865 -- 928}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Aufgrund der gestiegenen Anforderungen durch h{\"o}here Ein-wirkungen aus Wind und Erdbeben ist eine Verbesserung und Optimierung der Berechnungs- und Bemessungsans{\"a}tze f{\"u}r Mauerwerksbauten erforderlich. Eine bessere Ausnutzung der Tragwerksreserven ist durch die Ber{\"u}cksichtigung der Rah-mentragwirkung mit einer Aktivierung der Deckenscheiben in den Rechenmodellen m{\"o}glich, die in der Praxis aufgrund der Komplexit{\"a}t der Wand-Decken-Interaktion bislang nicht aus-genutzt wird. Im vorliegenden Aufsatz wird ein vereinfachter Ansatz auf Grundlage der mitwirkenden Plattenbreite von Schubw{\"a}nden aus Mauerwerk vorgestellt, der die wesentli-chen Einfl ussfaktoren in parametrisierten Tabellen erfasst. Damit steht den Tragwerksplanern ein einfach anwendbares Werkzeug zur Verf{\"u}gung, um die Rahmentragwirkung in der Mauerwerksbemessung anzusetzen.}, language = {de} } @article{PennerUsherovichNiedermeieretal.2022, author = {Penner, Crystal and Usherovich, Samuel and Niedermeier, Jana and B{\´e}langer-Champagne, Camille and Trinczek, Michael and Paulßen, Elisabeth and Hoehr, Cornelia}, title = {Organic Scintillator-Fibre Sensors for Proton Therapy Dosimetry: SCSF-3HF and EJ-260}, series = {electronics}, volume = {12}, journal = {electronics}, number = {1}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2079-9292}, doi = {10.3390/electronics12010011}, pages = {12 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {In proton therapy, the dose from secondary neutrons to the patient can contribute to side effects and the creation of secondary cancer. A simple and fast detection system to distinguish between dose from protons and neutrons both in pretreatment verification as well as potentially in vivo monitoring is needed to minimize dose from secondary neutrons. Two 3 mm long, 1 mm diameter organic scintillators were tested for candidacy to be used in a proton-neutron discrimination detector. The SCSF-3HF (1500) scintillating fibre (Kuraray Co. Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan) and EJ-260 plastic scintillator (Eljen Technology, Sweetwater, TX, USA) were irradiated at the TRIUMF Neutron Facility and the Proton Therapy Research Centre. In the proton beam, we compared the raw Bragg peak and spread-out Bragg peak response to the industry standard Markus chamber detector. Both scintillator sensors exhibited quenching at high LET in the Bragg peak, presenting a peak-to-entrance ratio of 2.59 for the EJ-260 and 2.63 for the SCSF-3HF fibre, compared to 3.70 for the Markus chamber. The SCSF-3HF sensor demonstrated 1.3 times the sensitivity to protons and 3 times the sensitivity to neutrons as compared to the EJ-260 sensor. Combined with our equations relating neutron and proton contributions to dose during proton irradiations, and the application of Birks' quenching correction, these fibres provide valid candidates for inexpensive and replicable proton-neutron discrimination detectors}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MorandiButenwegBreisetal.2022, author = {Morandi, Paolo and Butenweg, Christoph and Breis, Khaled and Beyer, Katrin and Magenes, Guido}, title = {Behaviour factor q for the seismic design of URM buildings}, series = {The Third European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology September 4 - September 9, 2022, Bucharest}, booktitle = {The Third European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology September 4 - September 9, 2022, Bucharest}, editor = {Arion, Christian and Scupin, Alexandra and Ţigănescu, Alexandru}, isbn = {978-973-100-533-1}, pages = {1184 -- 1194}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Recent earthquakes showed that low-rise URM buildings following codecompliant seismic design and details behaved in general very well without substantial damages. Although advances in simulation tools make nonlinear calculation methods more readily accessible to designers, linear analyses will still be the standard design method for years to come. The present paper aims to improve the linear seismic design method by providing a proper definition of the q-factor of URM buildings. Values of q-factors are derived for low-rise URM buildings with rigid diaphragms, with reference to modern structural configurations realized in low to moderate seismic areas of Italy and Germany. The behaviour factor components for deformation and energy dissipation capacity and for overstrength due to the redistribution of forces are derived by means of pushover analyses. As a result of the investigations, rationally based values of the behaviour factor q to be used in linear analyses in the range of 2.0 to 3.0 are proposed.}, language = {en} } @techreport{KlugeKirschBudach2022, author = {Kluge, Katharina and Kirsch, Ansgar and Budach, Christoph}, title = {Digitale Lehre in der Geotechnik: Aktueller Stand und weitere Entwicklungen}, series = {geotechntik}, journal = {geotechntik}, number = {Early View}, publisher = {Ernst \& Sohn}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {0172-6145 (Print)}, doi = {10.1002/gete.202200013}, pages = {8 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Digitale Lehrmaterialien werden seit mehreren Jahren in den Hochschulen eingesetzt und er{\"o}ffnen ganz neue Wege zur Vermittlung des Lehrstoffs. Die Erstellung dieser Lehrmaterialien kann allerdings je nach Art und Qualit{\"a}t sehr zeitintensiv sein und f{\"u}r Lehrende einen großen Mehraufwand bedeuten. Im Rahmen eines Kooperationsprojekts zur Erstellung von Lehrvideos f{\"u}r geotechnische Feld- und Laborversuche haben die Autoren dieses Beitrags allerdings die Erfahrung gemacht, dass das gemeinsame, hochschul{\"u}bergreifende Erstellen von Lehrmaterialien viele Vorteile mit sich bringt. Dadurch inspiriert, f{\"u}hrten die Autoren dieses Berichts eine Umfrage unter den deutschsprachigen Geotechnik-Lehrst{\"u}hlen der (Technischen) Universit{\"a}ten und (Fach-)Hochschulen durch. Nach drei Semestern, in denen Lehrveranstaltungen an den Hochschulen aufgrund der Corona-Pandemie {\"u}berwiegend digital durchgef{\"u}hrt werden mussten, war es ein Ziel dieser Umfrage, den Bestand und den Einsatz digitaler Lehrmaterialien im Fachgebiet Geotechnik zu erheben. Ein weiteres Ziel war die Initiierung eines Netzwerks, in dem sich Geotechnik-Professorinnen und -Professoren zu Lehrthemen austauschen k{\"o}nnen und gemeinsam (digitale) Lehrmaterialien erstellen und nutzen. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt das gemeinsame Lehrprojekt der Autoren vor, pr{\"a}sentiert die Ergebnisse der durchgef{\"u}hrten Umfrage und berichtet {\"u}ber die ersten Aktivit{\"a}ten des neuen Netzwerks.}, language = {de} } @article{SchulteTiggesFoersterNikolovskietal.2022, author = {Schulte-Tigges, Joschua and F{\"o}rster, Marco and Nikolovski, Gjorgji and Reke, Michael and Ferrein, Alexander and Kaszner, Daniel and Matheis, Dominik and Walter, Thomas}, title = {Benchmarking of various LiDAR sensors for use in self-driving vehicles in real-world environments}, series = {Sensors}, volume = {22}, journal = {Sensors}, number = {19}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1424-8220}, doi = {10.3390/s22197146}, pages = {20 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Abstract In this paper, we report on our benchmark results of the LiDAR sensors Livox Horizon, Robosense M1, Blickfeld Cube, Blickfeld Cube Range, Velodyne Velarray H800, and Innoviz Pro. The idea was to test the sensors in different typical scenarios that were defined with real-world use cases in mind, in order to find a sensor that meet the requirements of self-driving vehicles. For this, we defined static and dynamic benchmark scenarios. In the static scenarios, both LiDAR and the detection target do not move during the measurement. In dynamic scenarios, the LiDAR sensor was mounted on the vehicle which was driving toward the detection target. We tested all mentioned LiDAR sensors in both scenarios, show the results regarding the detection accuracy of the targets, and discuss their usefulness for deployment in self-driving cars.}, language = {en} } @article{AkimbekovDigelTastambeketal.2022, author = {Akimbekov, Nuraly S. and Digel, Ilya and Tastambek, Kuanysh T. and Marat, Adel K. and Turaliyeva, Moldir A. and Kaiyrmanova, Gulzhan K.}, title = {Biotechnology of Microorganisms from Coal Environments: From Environmental Remediation to Energy Production}, series = {Biology}, volume = {11}, journal = {Biology}, number = {9}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2079-7737}, doi = {10.3390/biology11091306}, pages = {47 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {It was generally believed that coal sources are not favorable as live-in habitats for microorganisms due to their recalcitrant chemical nature and negligible decomposition. However, accumulating evidence has revealed the presence of diverse microbial groups in coal environments and their significant metabolic role in coal biogeochemical dynamics and ecosystem functioning. The high oxygen content, organic fractions, and lignin-like structures of lower-rank coals may provide effective means for microbial attack, still representing a greatly unexplored frontier in microbiology. Coal degradation/conversion technology by native bacterial and fungal species has great potential in agricultural development, chemical industry production, and environmental rehabilitation. Furthermore, native microalgal species can offer a sustainable energy source and an excellent bioremediation strategy applicable to coal spill/seam waters. Additionally, the measures of the fate of the microbial community would serve as an indicator of restoration progress on post-coal-mining sites. This review puts forward a comprehensive vision of coal biodegradation and bioprocessing by microorganisms native to coal environments for determining their biotechnological potential and possible applications.}, language = {en} } @article{HoffmannUhlCeblinetal.2022, author = {Hoffmann, Andreas and Uhl, Matthias and Ceblin, Maximilian and Rohrbach, Felix and Bansmann, Joachim and Mallah, Marcel and Heuermann, Holger and Jacob, Timo and Kuehne, Alexander J.C.}, title = {Atmospheric pressure plasma-jet treatment of PAN-nonwovens—carbonization of nanofiber electrodes}, series = {C - Journal of Carbon Research}, volume = {8}, journal = {C - Journal of Carbon Research}, number = {3}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2311-5629}, doi = {10.3390/c8030033}, pages = {8 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Carbon nanofibers are produced from dielectric polymer precursors such as polyacrylonitrile (PAN). Carbonized nanofiber nonwovens show high surface area and good electrical conductivity, rendering these fiber materials interesting for application as electrodes in batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors. However, thermal processing is slow and costly, which is why new processing techniques have been explored for carbon fiber tows. Alternatives for the conversion of PAN-precursors into carbon fiber nonwovens are scarce. Here, we utilize an atmospheric pressure plasma jet to conduct carbonization of stabilized PAN nanofiber nonwovens. We explore the influence of various processing parameters on the conductivity and degree of carbonization of the converted nanofiber material. The precursor fibers are converted by plasma-jet treatment to carbon fiber nonwovens within seconds, by which they develop a rough surface making subsequent surface activation processes obsolete. The resulting carbon nanofiber nonwovens are applied as supercapacitor electrodes and examined by cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy. Nonwovens that are carbonized within 60 s show capacitances of up to 5 F g⁻¹.}, language = {en} } @article{VahidpourAlghazaliAkcaetal.2022, author = {Vahidpour, Farnoosh and Alghazali, Yousef and Akca, Sevilay and Hommes, Gregor and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {An Enzyme-Based Interdigitated Electrode-Type Biosensor for Detecting Low Concentrations of H₂O₂ Vapor/Aerosol}, series = {Chemosensors}, volume = {10}, journal = {Chemosensors}, number = {6}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2227-9040}, doi = {10.3390/chemosensors10060202}, pages = {Arikel 202}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This work introduces a novel method for the detection of H₂O₂ vapor/aerosol of low concentrations, which is mainly applied in the sterilization of equipment in medical industry. Interdigitated electrode (IDE) structures have been fabricated by means of microfabrication techniques. A differential setup of IDEs was prepared, containing an active sensor element (active IDE) and a passive sensor element (passive IDE), where the former was immobilized with an enzymatic membrane of horseradish peroxidase that is selective towards H₂O₂. Changes in the IDEs' capacitance values (active sensor element versus passive sensor element) under H₂O₂ vapor/aerosol atmosphere proved the detection in the concentration range up to 630 ppm with a fast response time (<60 s). The influence of relative humidity was also tested with regard to the sensor signal, showing no cross-sensitivity. The repeatability assessment of the IDE biosensors confirmed their stable capacitive signal in eight subsequent cycles of exposure to H₂O₂ vapor/aerosol. Room-temperature detection of H₂O₂ vapor/aerosol with such miniaturized biosensors will allow a future three-dimensional, flexible mapping of aseptic chambers and help to evaluate sterilization assurance in medical industry.}, language = {en} } @article{DitzhausGaigall2022, author = {Ditzhaus, Marc and Gaigall, Daniel}, title = {Testing marginal homogeneity in Hilbert spaces with applications to stock market returns}, series = {Test}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Test}, number = {31}, publisher = {Springer}, issn = {1863-8260}, doi = {10.1007/s11749-022-00802-5}, pages = {749 -- 770}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This paper considers a paired data framework and discusses the question of marginal homogeneity of bivariate high-dimensional or functional data. The related testing problem can be endowed into a more general setting for paired random variables taking values in a general Hilbert space. To address this problem, a Cram{\´e}r-von-Mises type test statistic is applied and a bootstrap procedure is suggested to obtain critical values and finally a consistent test. The desired properties of a bootstrap test can be derived that are asymptotic exactness under the null hypothesis and consistency under alternatives. Simulations show the quality of the test in the finite sample case. A possible application is the comparison of two possibly dependent stock market returns based on functional data. The approach is demonstrated based on historical data for different stock market indices.}, language = {en} }