@article{ScheerWolf2014,
  author    = {Scheer, Nico and Wolf, C. Roland},
  title     = {Genetically humanized mouse models of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters and their applications},
  series = {Xenobiotica},
  volume    = {44},
  journal   = {Xenobiotica},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
  address   = {Abingdon},
  issn      = {1366-5928},
  doi       = {10.3109/00498254.2013.815831},
  pages     = {96 -- 108},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {1. Drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters play important roles in the absorption, metabolism, tissue distribution and excretion of various compounds and their metabolites and thus can significantly affect their efficacy and safety. Furthermore, they can be involved in drug-drug interactions which can result in adverse responses, life-threatening toxicity or impaired efficacy. Significant species differences in the interaction of compounds with drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters have been described. 2. In order to overcome the limitation of animal models in accurately predicting human responses, a large variety of mouse models humanized for drug metabolizing enzymes and to a lesser extent drug transporters have been created. 3. This review summarizes the literature describing these mouse models and their key applications in studying the role of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters in drug bioavailability, tissue distribution, clearance and drug-drug interactions as well as in human metabolite testing and risk assessment. 4. Though such humanized mouse models have certain limitations, there is great potential for their use in basic research and for testing and development of new medicines. These limitations and future potentials will be discussed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AkimbekovDigelZhubanova2014,
  author    = {Akimbekov, Nuraly S. and Digel, Ilya and Zhubanova, A. A.},
  title     = {Advantages of creation of e-books in training of specialists biologists and biotechnologists},
  series = {KazNU Bulletin. Biology series.},
  volume    = {60},
  journal   = {KazNU Bulletin. Biology series.},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Al-Farabi Kazakh National University},
  address   = {Almaty},
  issn      = {1563-0218},
  pages     = {249 -- 252},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {The necessity of e-books as a primary of learning, its opportunities for realization of competence during training biologist and biotechnologist specialists are determined. Definitions and requirements to the e-books, its advantages in comparison with traditional textbooks, and the ways of creation of e-books in the SunRav BookEditor program are considered.},
  language  = {ru}
}
@article{AkimbekovDigelOHerasetal.2014,
  author    = {Akimbekov, Nuraly S. and Digel, Ilya and O´Heras, C. and Tastambek, K.T. and Savitskaya, I.S. and Ualyeva, P.S. and Mansurov, Z.A. and Zhubanova, A.A.},
  title     = {Adsorption of bacterial lipopolysaccharides on carbonized rice husks obtained in the batch experiments},
  series = {Experimental Biology},
  volume    = {60},
  journal   = {Experimental Biology},
  number    = {1/2},
  publisher = {Al-Farabi Kazakh National University},
  address   = {Almaty},
  issn      = {1563-0218},
  pages     = {144 -- 148},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {The scope of this study is the measurement of endotoxin adsorption rate for carbonized rice husk. It showed good adsorption properties for LPS. During the batch experiments, several techniques were used and optimized for improving the material's adsorption behavior. Also, with the results obtained it was possible to differentiate the materials according to their adsorption capacity and kinetic characteristics.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ButenwegSchmittRosen2014,
  author    = {Butenweg, Christoph and Schmitt, T. and Rosen, B.},
  title     = {Seismische Einwirkungen auf erdverlegte Rohrleitungen},
  series = {Bauingenieur},
  volume    = {89},
  journal   = {Bauingenieur},
  publisher = {VDI Fachmedien},
  address   = {D{\"u}sseldorf},
  issn      = {0005-6650},
  pages     = {316 -- 324},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Die erdbebensichere Auslegung von erdverlegten Rohrleitungssystemen ist von wesentlicher Bedeutung zur Sicherstellung der Funktionalit{\"a}t der Versorgungsinfrastruktur nach einem Erdbebenereignis. Zur Vermeidung von Netzausf{\"a}llen ist es erforderlich, die r{\"a}umlich weit ausgedehnten Leitungssysteme mit geeigneten rechnerischen Modellen seismisch zu bemessen. Der vorliegende Beitrag behandelt die Beanspruchung von Rohrleitungssystemen durch seismische Welleneinwirkung und stellt geeignete N{\"a}herungsans{\"a}tze und ein detailliertes Rechenmodell f{\"u}r seismische Leitungsanalysen vor. Mit den Ans{\"a}tzen wird in Berechnungsbeispielen der Einfluss wesentlicher Parameter auf die seismisch induzierten Dehnungen in Rohrleitungssystemen untersucht.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{PasteurTippkoetterKampeisetal.2014,
  author    = {Pasteur, Aline and Tippk{\"o}tter, Nils and Kampeis, Percy and Ulber, Roland},
  title     = {Optimization of high gradient magnetic separation filter units for the purification of fermentation products},
  series = {IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS},
  volume    = {50},
  journal   = {IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS},
  number    = {10},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {New York, NY},
  issn      = {0018-9464},
  doi       = {10.1109/TMAG.2014.2325535},
  pages     = {Artikel 5000607},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {High gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) has been established since the early 1970s. A more recent application of these systems is the use in bioprocesses. To integrate the HGMS in a fermentation process, it is necessary to optimize the separation matrix with regard to the magnetic separation characteristics and permeability of the non-magnetizable components of the fermentation broth. As part of the work presented here, a combined fluidic and magnetic force finite element model simulation was created using the software COMSOL Multiphysics and compared with separation experiments. Finally, as optimal lattice orientation of the separation matrix, a transversal rhombohedral arrangement was defined. The high suitability of the new filter matrix has been verified by separation experiments.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{TippkoetterWollnySucketal.2014,
  author    = {Tippk{\"o}tter, Nils and Wollny, Steffen and Suck, Kirstin and Sohling, Ulrich and Ruf, Friedrich and Ulber, Roland},
  title     = {Recycling of spent oil bleaching earth as source of glycerol for the anaerobic production of acetone, butanol, and ethanol with Clostridium diolis and lipolytic Clostridium lundense},
  series = {Engineering in Life Sciences},
  volume    = {14},
  journal   = {Engineering in Life Sciences},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1618-2863},
  doi       = {10.1002/elsc.201300113},
  pages     = {425 -- 432},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {A major part of edible oil is subjected to bleaching procedures, primarily with minerals applied as adsorbers. Their recycling is currently done either by regaining the oil via organic solvent extraction or by using the spent bleaching earth (SBE) as additive for animal feed, etc. As a new method, the reutilization of the by-product SBE for the microbiologic formation of acetone, butanol, and ethanol (ABE) is presented as proof-of-concept. The SBE was taken from a palm oil cleaning process. The recycling concept is based on the application of lipolytic clostridia strains. Due to considerably long fermentation times, co-fermentation with Candida rugosa and enzymatic hydrolyses of the bound oil with a subsequent clostridia fermentation are shown as alternative routes. Anaerobic fermentations under comparison of different clostridia strains were performed with glycerol media, enzymatically hydrolyzed palm oil and SBE. Solutes, side product compositions and productivities were quantified via HPLC. A successful production of ABE solutes from SBE has been done with a yield of 0.15 g butanol per gram of bound glycerol. Thus, the biotechnological recycling of the waste stream is possible in principle. Inhibition of the substrate suspension has been observed. A chromatographic ion-exchange of substrates increased the biomass concentration.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AlKaidyDuweHusteretal.2014,
  author    = {Al-Kaidy, Huschyar and Duwe, Anna and Huster, Manuel and Muffler, Kai and Schlegel, Christin and Sieker, Tim and Stadtm{\"u}ller, Ralf and Tippk{\"o}tter, Nils and Ulber, Roland},
  title     = {Biotechnologie und Bioverfahrenstechnik - Vom ersten Ullmanns Artikel bis hin zu aktuellen Forschungsthemen},
  series = {Chemie Ingenieur Technik},
  volume    = {86},
  journal   = {Chemie Ingenieur Technik},
  number    = {12},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {0009-286X},
  doi       = {10.1002/cite.201400083},
  pages     = {2215 -- 2225},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Biotechnologie und die mit ihr verbundenen technischen Prozesse pr{\"a}gen seit Jahrtausenden die Entwicklung der Menschheit. Ausgehend von empirischen Verfahren, insbesondere zur Herstellung von Lebensmitteln und t{\"a}glichen Gebrauchsg{\"u}tern, haben sich diese Disziplinen zu einem der innovativsten Zukunftsfelder entwickelt. Durch das immer detailliertere Verst{\"a}ndnis zellul{\"a}rer Vorg{\"a}nge k{\"o}nnen mittlerweile Produktionsst{\"a}mme gezielt optimiert werden. Im Zusammenspiel mit moderner Prozesstechnik k{\"o}nnen so eine Vielzahl von Bulk- und Feinchemikalien sowie Pharmazeutika effizient hergestellt werden. In diesem Artikel werden exemplarisch einige der aktuellen Trends vorgestellt.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{WiesenTippkoetterMuffleretal.2014,
  author    = {Wiesen, Sebastian and Tippk{\"o}tter, Nils and Muffler, Kai and Suck, Kirstin and Sohling, Ulrich and Ruf, Nils and Ulber, Roland},
  title     = {Adsorptive Vorbehandlung von Rohglycerin f{\"u}r die 1,3-Propandiol Fermentation mit Clostridium diolis},
  series = {Chemie Ingenieur Technik},
  volume    = {86},
  journal   = {Chemie Ingenieur Technik},
  number    = {1-2},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  doi       = {10.1002/cite.201300080},
  pages     = {129 -- 135},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Bei der Gewinnung von Fetts{\"a}uren aus Pflanzen{\"o}len, z. B. zur Herstellung von Biopolymeren, oder bei der Biodiesel- und Seifenproduktion, f{\"a}llt Glycerin als Nebenprodukt an. Bei der Biokonversion dieses Rohstoffes zu 1,3-Propandiol wird der Produktionsorganismus Clostridium diolis durch Verunreinigungen im Rohglycerin gehemmt. Als inhibierende Substanzen konnten freie Fetts{\"a}uren identifiziert werden. Mithilfe eines adsorptiven Aufarbeitungsverfahrens ist es gelungen, die Fetts{\"a}uren zu entfernen und die Konversionseffizienz zu 1,3-Propandiol zu erh{\"o}hen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{JoerissenHeger2014,
  author    = {J{\"o}rissen, J{\"o}rg and Heger, Michael},
  title     = {Zur Wirkung hochschuldidaktisch fundierter und in den Fachbereichen verankerter Lehrveranstaltungsevaluation},
  series = {Qualit{\"a}t in der Wissenschaft (QiW)},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Qualit{\"a}t in der Wissenschaft (QiW)},
  number    = {2+3},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Webler},
  address   = {Bielefeld},
  issn      = {1860-3041},
  pages     = {70 -- 80},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{HoehrPaulssenBenardetal.2014,
  author    = {Hoehr, Cornelia and Paulßen, Elisabeth and Benard, Francois and Lee, Chris Jaeil and Hou, Xinchi and Badesso, Brian and Ferguson, Simon and Miao, Qing and Yang, Hua and Buckley, Ken and Hanemaayer, Victoire and Zeisler, Stefan and Ruth, Thomas and Celler, Anna and Schaffer, Paul},
  title     = {⁴⁴ᶢSc production using a water target on a 13 MeV cyclotron},
  series = {Nuclear medicine and biology},
  volume    = {41},
  journal   = {Nuclear medicine and biology},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1872-9614},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2013.12.016},
  pages     = {401 -- 406},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Access to promising radiometals as isotopes for novel molecular imaging agents requires that they are routinely available and inexpensive to obtain. Proximity to a cyclotron center outfitted with solid target hardware, or to an isotope generator for the metal of interest is necessary, both of which can introduce significant hurdles in development of less common isotopes. Herein, we describe the production of ⁴⁴Sc (t₁⸝₂ = 3.97 h, Eavg,β⁺ = 1.47 MeV, branching ratio = 94.27\%) in a solution target and an automated loading system which allows a quick turn-around between different radiometallic isotopes and therefore greatly improves their availability for tracer development. Experimental yields are compared to theoretical calculations.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Wilke2014,
  author    = {Wilke, Thomas},
  title     = {Gebaute Geschichte in Turin},
  series = {Kunsttexte.de},
  volume    = {2014},
  journal   = {Kunsttexte.de},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Humboldt-Universit{\"a}t zu Berlin},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {1618-8101},
  doi       = {10.18452/7197},
  pages     = {13 Seiten},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {St{\"a}dte sind Stein gewordene Geschichte. Ihre realisierte Form erm{\"o}glicht Geschichte zu erleben und die Stadtentwicklung nachzuvollziehen. Besonders in Turin ist ablesbar, wie das Haus Savoyen den Ausbau der neuen Hauptstadt zu einer der f{\"u}hrenden Barockmetropolen Europas beeinflusste.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KrollLudwigsKaesling2014,
  author    = {Kroll-Ludwigs, Kathrin and Kaesling, Katharina},
  title     = {Family Law and Culture in Europe: Developments, Challenges and Opportunities - Konferenz der Commission on European Family Law vom 29.-31. August 2013, Bonn},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Europ{\"a}isches Privatrecht (ZEuP)},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Europ{\"a}isches Privatrecht (ZEuP)},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Beck},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  issn      = {0943-3929},
  pages     = {673 -- 676},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Vor dem Hintergrund zunehmender gesellschaftlicher Ver{\"a}nderungen bei den Lebens- und Familienformen hat es sich die Commission on European Family Law (CEFL) seit 2001 zum Ziel gesetzt, unverbindliche Regelungsvorschl{\"a}ge f{\"u}r ein europaweit einheitliches Familienrecht zu schaffen. Die Vorstellung und Diskussion dieser auf rechtsvergleichender Basis erstellten Principles erfolgt auf den regelm{\"a}ßig veranstalteten Tagungen der CEFL. Die nunmehr f{\"u}nfte Konferenz zum Thema „Family Law and Culture in Europe - Developments, Challenges and Opportunities" fand erstmals in Deutschland statt. Ausgerichtet wurde die Veranstaltung, zu der ca. 200 Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmern aus Wissenschaft und Praxis aus insgesamt 33 L{\"a}ndern angereist waren, von Nina Dethloff (Direktorin des Instituts f{\"u}r Deutsches, Europ{\"a}isches und Internationales Familienrecht an der Universit{\"a}t Bonn), Katharina Boele-Woelki (Direktorin des Utrecht Centre for European Research into Family Law und Preistr{\"a}gerin des Anneliese Maier-Forschungspreises der Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung) und Werner Gephart (Direktor des K{\"a}te Hamburger Kollegs „Recht als Kultur").},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Bernecker2014,
  author    = {Bernecker, Andreas},
  title     = {Do politicians shirk when reelection is certain? Evidence from the German parliament},
  series = {European Journal of Political Economy},
  volume    = {36},
  journal   = {European Journal of Political Economy},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0176-2680},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2014.07.001},
  pages     = {55 -- 70},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Does stiffer electoral competition reduce political shirking? For a micro-analysis of this question, I construct a new data set spanning the years 2005 to 2012 covering biographical and political information about German Members of Parliament (MPs), including their attendance rates in voting sessions. For the parliament elected in 2009, I show that indeed opposition party MPs who expect to face a close race in their district show significantly and relevantly lower absence rates in parliament beforehand. MPs of governing parties seem not to react significantly to electoral competition. These results are confirmed by an analysis of the parliament elected in 2005, by several robustness checks, and also by employing an instrumental variable strategy exploiting convenient peculiarities of the German electoral system. The study also shows how MPs elected via party lists react to different levels of electoral competition.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Bernecker2014,
  author    = {Bernecker, Andreas},
  title     = {Divided Government and the Adoption of Economic Reforms},
  series = {CESifo DICE Report - Journal for Institutional Comparison},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {CESifo DICE Report - Journal for Institutional Comparison},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Ifo Institute for Economic Research},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  issn      = {1612-0663},
  pages     = {47 -- 52},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AltherrEdererLorenzetal.2014,
  author    = {Altherr, Lena and Ederer, Thorsten and Lorenz, Ulf and Pelz, Peter F. and P{\"o}ttgen, Philipp},
  title     = {Experimental validation of an enhanced system synthesis approach},
  series = {Operations Research Proceedings 2014},
  journal   = {Operations Research Proceedings 2014},
  editor    = {L{\"u}bbecke, Marco and Koster, Arie and Letmathe, Peter and Madlener, Reihard and Peis, Britta and Walther, Grit},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Basel},
  isbn      = {978-3-319-28695-2},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-319-28697-6_1},
  pages     = {6},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Planning the layout and operation of a technical system is a common task for an engineer. Typically, the workflow is divided into consecutive stages: First, the engineer designs the layout of the system, with the help of his experience or of heuristic methods. Secondly, he finds a control strategy which is often optimized by simulation. This usually results in a good operating of an unquestioned sys- tem topology. In contrast, we apply Operations Research (OR) methods to find a cost-optimal solution for both stages simultaneously via mixed integer program- ming (MILP). Technical Operations Research (TOR) allows one to find a provable global optimal solution within the model formulation. However, the modeling error due to the abstraction of physical reality remains unknown. We address this ubiq- uitous problem of OR methods by comparing our computational results with mea- surements in a test rig. For a practical test case we compute a topology and control strategy via MILP and verify that the objectives are met up to a deviation of 8.7\%.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Golland2014,
  author    = {Golland, Alexander},
  title     = {Datenschutz durch modulare Zertifizierung: Trusted Cloud-Pilotprojekt bringt neuen Ansatz},
  series = {DSB Datenschutz-Berater},
  volume    = {38},
  journal   = {DSB Datenschutz-Berater},
  number    = {10},
  publisher = {DFV Mediengruppe},
  address   = {Frankfurt a.M.},
  isbn      = {0170-7256},
  pages     = {213 -- 215},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{TippkoetterDuweWiesenetal.2014,
  author    = {Tippk{\"o}tter, Nils and Duwe, Anna-Maria and Wiesen, Sebastian and Sieker, Tim and Ulber, Roland},
  title     = {Enzymatic hydrolysis of beech wood lignocellulose at high solid contents and its utilization as substrate for the production of biobutanol and dicarboxylic acids},
  series = {Bioresource Technology},
  volume    = {167},
  journal   = {Bioresource Technology},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.biortech.2014.06.052},
  pages     = {447 -- 455},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {The development of a cost-effective hydrolysis for crude cellulose is an essential part of biorefinery developments. To establish such high solid hydrolysis, a new solid state reactor with static mixing is used. However, concentrations >10\% (w/w) cause a rate and yield reduction of enzymatic hydrolysis. By optimizing the synergetic activity of cellulolytic enzymes at solid concentrations of 9\%, 17\% and 23\% (w/w) of crude Organosolv cellulose, glucose concentrations of 57, 113 and 152 g L⁻¹ are reached. However, the glucose yield decreases from 0.81 to 0.72gg⁻¹ at 17\% (w/w). Optimal conditions for hydrolysis scale-up under minimal enzyme addition are identified. As result, at 23\% (w/w) crude cellulose the glucose yield increases from 0.29 to 0.49gg⁻¹. As proof of its applicability, biobutanol, succinic and itaconic acid are produced with the crude hydrolysate. The potential of the substrate is proven e.g. by a high butanol yield of 0.33gg⁻¹.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Olbertz2014,
  author    = {Olbertz, Klaus},
  title     = {Der neue gesetzliche Mindestlohn - was gilt und was Unternehmen k{\"u}nftig beachten m{\"u}ssen},
  series = {Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht : GWR},
  journal   = {Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsrecht : GWR},
  issn      = {1868-1816},
  pages     = {521 -- 524},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Ab dem 1.1.2015 ist es soweit: Deutschland erh{\"a}lt einen fl{\"a}chendeckenden und weitgehend branchenunabh{\"a}ngigen gesetzlichen Mindestlohn. Danach haben grunds{\"a}tzlich alle abh{\"a}ngig besch{\"a}ftigten Arbeitnehmer einen Anspruch auf eine Entlohnung von wenigstens 8,50 EUR brutto je Arbeitsstunde. Die Auswirkungen d{\"u}rften enorm sein. Das Bundesministerium f{\"u}r Arbeit und Soziales geht jedenfalls davon aus, dass aufgrund der Einf{\"u}hrung des gesetzlichen Mindestlohns mehrere Millionen Besch{\"a}ftigte einen h{\"o}heren Lohn beanspruchen k{\"o}nnen. Der nachfolgende Beitrag gibt einen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber die wesentlichen Inhalte des gesetzlichen Mindestlohns und Hinweise f{\"u}r Anwendungsprobleme in der betrieblichen Praxis.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Olbertz2014,
  author    = {Olbertz, Klaus},
  title     = {Gestaltung des Anstellungsvertrags - Der Compliance-Beauftragte},
  series = {Arbeit und Arbeitsrecht : AuA},
  journal   = {Arbeit und Arbeitsrecht : AuA},
  number    = {7},
  publisher = {Huss Medien},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {0323-4568},
  pages     = {400 -- 403},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Ein Compliance-Beauftragter soll daf{\"u}r Sorge tragen, dass aus dem Unternehmen heraus keine Rechtsverletzungen begangen werden. Aber welche rechtlichen Notwendigkeiten und M{\"o}glichkeiten resultieren daraus f{\"u}r die Gestaltung des Anstellungsvertrags?},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{HentschkeHagerHojdis2014,
  author    = {Hentschke, Reinhard and Hager, Jonathan and Hojdis, Nils},
  title     = {Molecular Modeling Approach to the Prediction of Mechanical Properties of Silica-Reinforced Rubbers},
  series = {Journal of Applied Polymer Science},
  volume    = {131},
  journal   = {Journal of Applied Polymer Science},
  number    = {18},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  address   = {New York, NY},
  issn      = {1097-4628},
  doi       = {10.1002/app.40806},
  pages     = {1 -- 9},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Recently, we have suggested a nanomechanical model for dissipative loss in filled elastomer networks in the context of the Payne effect. The mechanism is based on a total interfiller particle force exhibiting an intermittent loop, due to the combination of short-range repulsion and dispersion forces with a long-range elastic attraction. The sum of these forces leads, under external strain, to a spontaneous instability of "bonds" between the aggregates in a filler network and attendant energy dissipation. Here, we use molecular dynamics simulations to obtain chemically realistic forces between surface modified silica particles. The latter are combined with the above model to estimate the loss modulus and the low strain storage modulus in elastomers containing the aforementioned filler-compatibilizer systems. The model is compared to experimental dynamic moduli of silica filled rubbers. We find good agreement between the model predictions and the experiments as function of the compatibilizer's molecular structure and its bulk concentration.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GollandEngling2014,
  author    = {Golland, Alexander and Engling, Christoph},
  title     = {a-i3/BSI Symposium 2014: Sicherheit von Daten und Identit{\"a}ten angesichts NSA und Big Data},
  series = {DSB Datenschutz-Berater},
  volume    = {38},
  journal   = {DSB Datenschutz-Berater},
  number    = {7-8},
  publisher = {DFV Mediengruppe},
  address   = {Frankfurt a.M.},
  isbn      = {0170-7256},
  pages     = {165 -- 166},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{VosLagemaatBarentszetal.2014,
  author    = {Vos, E. K. and Lagemaat, M. W. and Barentsz, J. O. and F{\"u}tterer, J. J. and Zamecnik, P. and Roozen, H. and Orzada, S. and Bitz, Andreas and Maas, M. C. and Scheenen, T. W. J.},
  title     = {Image quality and cancer visibility of T2-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the prostate at 7 Tesla},
  series = {European Radiology},
  volume    = {24},
  journal   = {European Radiology},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Cham},
  issn      = {1432-1084},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00330-014-3234-6},
  pages     = {1950 -- 1958},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Objectives To assess the image quality of T2-weighted (T2w) magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate and the visibility of prostate cancer at 7 Tesla (T). Materials \& methods Seventeen prostate cancer patients underwent T2w imaging at 7T with only an external transmit/receive array coil. Three radiologists independently scored images for image quality, visibility of anatomical structures, and presence of artefacts. Krippendorff's alpha and weighted kappa statistics were used to assess inter-observer agreement. Visibility of prostate cancer lesions was assessed by directly linking the T2w images to the confirmed location of prostate cancer on histopathology. Results T2w imaging at 7T was achievable with 'satisfactory' (3/5) to 'good' (4/5) quality. Visibility of anatomical structures was predominantly scored as 'satisfactory' (3/5) and 'good' (4/5). If artefacts were present, they were mostly motion artefacts and, to a lesser extent, aliasing artefacts and noise. Krippendorff's analysis revealed an α = 0.44 between three readers for the overall image quality scores. Clinically significant cancer lesions in both peripheral zone and transition zone were visible at 7T. Conclusion T2w imaging with satisfactory to good quality can be routinely acquired, and cancer lesions were visible in patients with prostate cancer at 7T using only an external transmit/receive body array coil.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{TheysohnKraffEilersetal.2014,
  author    = {Theysohn, Jens M. and Kraff, Oliver and Eilers, Kristina and Andrade, Dorian and Gerwig, Marcus and Timmann, Dagmar and Schmitt, Franz and Ladd, Mark E. and Ladd, Susanne C. and Bitz, Andreas},
  title     = {Vestibular effects of a 7 Tesla MRI examination compared to 1.5 T and 0 T in healthy volunteers},
  series = {PLoS one},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {PLoS one},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {PLOS},
  address   = {San Francisco},
  issn      = {1932-6203},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0092104},
  pages     = {e92104},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Ultra-high-field MRI (7 Tesla (T) and above) elicits more temporary side-effects compared to 1.5 T and 3 T, e.g. dizziness or "postural instability" even after exiting the scanner. The current study aims to assess quantitatively vestibular performance before and after exposure to different MRI scenarios at 7 T, 1.5 T and 0 T. Sway path and body axis rotation (Unterberger's stepping test) were quantitatively recorded in a total of 46 volunteers before, 2 minutes after, and 15 minutes after different exposure scenarios: 7 T head MRI (n = 27), 7 T no RF (n = 22), 7 T only B₀ (n = 20), 7 T in \& out B₀ (n = 20), 1.5 T no RF (n = 20), 0 T (n = 15). All exposure scenarios lasted 30 minutes except for brief one minute exposure in 7 T in \& out B₀. Both measures were documented utilizing a 3D ultrasound system. During sway path evaluation, the experiment was repeated with eyes both open and closed. Sway paths for all long-lasting 7 T scenarios (normal, no RF, only B₀) with eyes closed were significantly prolonged 2 minutes after exiting the scanner, normalizing after 15 minutes. Brief exposure to 7 T B₀ or 30 minutes exposure to 1.5 T or 0 T did not show significant changes. End positions after Unterberger's stepping test were significantly changed counter-clockwise after all 7 T scenarios, including the brief in \& out B₀ exposure. Shorter exposure resulted in a smaller alteration angle. In contrast to sway path, reversal of changes in body axis rotation was incomplete after 15 minutes. 1.5 T caused no rotational changes. The results show that exposure to the 7 Tesla static magnetic field causes only a temporary dysfunction or "over-compensation" of the vestibular system not measurable at 1.5 or 0 Tesla. Radiofrequency fields, gradient switching, and orthostatic dysregulation do not seem to play a role.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LagemaatVosMaasetal.2014,
  author    = {Lagemaat, Miriam W. and Vos, Eline K. and Maas, Marnix C. and Bitz, Andreas and Orzada, Stephan and Uden, Mark J. van and Kobus, Thiele and Heerschap, Arend and Scheenen, Tom W. J.},
  title     = {Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging at 7 T in patients with prostate cancer},
  series = {Investigative Radiology},
  volume    = {49},
  journal   = {Investigative Radiology},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Lippincott Williams \& Wilkins},
  address   = {Philadelphia, Pa.},
  issn      = {1536-0210},
  doi       = {10.1097/RLI.0000000000000012},
  pages     = {363 -- 372},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Objectives The aim of this study was to identify characteristics of phosphorus (³¹P) spectra of the human prostate and to investigate changes of individual phospholipid metabolites in prostate cancer through in vivo ³¹P magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) at 7 T. Materials and Methods In this institutional review board-approved study, 15 patients with biopsy-proven prostate cancer underwent T₂-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and 3-dimensional ³¹P MRSI at 7 T. Voxels were selected at the tumor location, in normal-appearing peripheral zone tissue, normal-appearing transition zone tissue, and in the base of the prostate close to the seminal vesicles. Phosphorus metabolite ratios were determined and compared between tissue types. Results Signals of phosphoethanolamine (PE) and phosphocholine (PC) were present and well resolved in most ³¹P spectra in the prostate. Glycerophosphocholine signals were observable in 43\% of the voxels in malignant tissue, but in only 10\% of the voxels in normal-appearing tissue away from the seminal vesicles. In many spectra, independent of tissue type, 2 peaks resonated in the chemical shift range of inorganic phosphate, possibly representing 2 separate pH compartments. The PC/PE ratio in the seminal vesicles was highly elevated compared with the prostate in 5 patients. A considerable overlap of ³¹P metabolite ratios was found between prostate cancer and normal-appearing prostate tissue, preventing direct discrimination of these tissues. The only 2 patients with high Gleason scores tumors (≥4+5) presented with high PC and glycerophosphocholine levels in their cancer lesions. Conclusions Phosphorus MRSI at 7 T shows distinct features of phospholipid metabolites in the prostate gland and its surrounding structures. In this exploratory study, no differences in ³¹P metabolite ratios were observed between prostate cancer and normal-appearing prostate tissue possibly because of the partial volume effects of small tumor foci in large MRSI voxels.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PyschnyDoeringFeldmann2014,
  author    = {Pyschny, D. and D{\"o}ring, Bernd and Feldmann, M.},
  title     = {Ermittlung der thermischen Leistungsf{\"a}higkeit des neuartigen multifunktionalen Verbunddeckensystems InaDeck},
  series = {Bauingenieur : die richtungsweisende Zeitschrift im Bauingenieurswesen},
  volume    = {89},
  journal   = {Bauingenieur : die richtungsweisende Zeitschrift im Bauingenieurswesen},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {VDI Fachmedien},
  address   = {D{\"u}sseldorf},
  issn      = {0005-6650},
  pages     = {116 -- 124},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{MaasVosLagemaatetal.2014,
  author    = {Maas, Marnix C. and Vos, Eline K. and Lagemaat, Miriam W. and Bitz, Andreas and Orzada, Stephan and Kobus, Thiele and Kraff, Oliver and Maderwald, Stefan and Ladd, Mark E. and Scheenen, Tom W. J.},
  title     = {Feasibility of T₂-weighted turbo spin echo imaging of the human prostate at 7 tesla},
  series = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine},
  volume    = {71},
  journal   = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1522-2594},
  doi       = {10.1002/mrm.24818},
  pages     = {1711 -- 1719},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Purpose To demonstrate that high quality T₂-weighted (T2w) turbo spin-echo (TSE) imaging of the complete prostate can be achieved routinely and within safety limits at 7 T, using an external transceive body array coil only. Methods Nine healthy volunteers and 12 prostate cancer patients were scanned on a 7 T whole-body system. Preparation consisted of B₀ and radiofrequency shimming and localized flip angle calibration. T₁ and T₂ relaxation times were measured and used to define the T2w-TSE protocol. T2w imaging was performed using a TSE sequence (pulse repetition time/echo time 3000-3640/71 ms) with prolonged excitation and refocusing pulses to reduce specific absorption rate. Results High quality T2w TSE imaging was performed in less than 2 min in all subjects. Tumors of patients with gold-standard tumor localization (MR-guided biopsy or prostatectomy) were well visualized on 7 T imaging (n = 3). The number of consecutive slices achievable within a 10-g averaged specific absorption rate limit of 10 W/kg was ≥28 in all subjects, sufficient for full prostate coverage with 3-mm slices in at least one direction. Conclusion High quality T2w TSE prostate imaging can be performed routinely and within specific absorption rate limits at 7 T with an external transceive body array.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LehnertzAnsmannBialonskietal.2014,
  author    = {Lehnertz, Klaus and Ansmann, Gerrit and Bialonski, Stephan and Dickten, Henning and Geier, Christian and Porz, Stephan},
  title     = {Evolving networks in the human epileptic brain},
  series = {Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena},
  volume    = {267},
  journal   = {Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0167-2789},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.physd.2013.06.009},
  pages     = {7 -- 15},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Network theory provides novel concepts that promise an improved characterization of interacting dynamical systems. Within this framework, evolving networks can be considered as being composed of nodes, representing systems, and of time-varying edges, representing interactions between these systems. This approach is highly attractive to further our understanding of the physiological and pathophysiological dynamics in human brain networks. Indeed, there is growing evidence that the epileptic process can be regarded as a large-scale network phenomenon. We here review methodologies for inferring networks from empirical time series and for a characterization of these evolving networks. We summarize recent findings derived from studies that investigate human epileptic brain networks evolving on timescales ranging from few seconds to weeks. We point to possible pitfalls and open issues, and discuss future perspectives.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Olbertz2014,
  author    = {Olbertz, Klaus},
  title     = {Die arbeitsrechtliche Stellung des Prokuristen - Handelsrechtlicher Kompetenzzuwachs mit arbeitsrechtlichen Konsequenzen},
  series = {NWB - Steuer- und Wirtschaftsrecht},
  journal   = {NWB - Steuer- und Wirtschaftsrecht},
  number    = {21},
  publisher = {NWB-Verlag},
  address   = {Herne},
  issn      = {1860-9449},
  pages     = {1591 -- 1596},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Die Besch{\"a}ftigung von Prokuristen ist g{\"a}ngige betriebliche Praxis. Unternehmen stehen dabei immer wieder vor der Frage, ob und welche Arbeitnehmer sie zu Prokuristen bestellen sollen. Nicht selten bleiben hierbei die arbeitsrechtlichen Konsequenzen, die mit der Bestellung eines Arbeitnehmers zum Prokuristen einhergehen k{\"o}nnen, unber{\"u}cksichtigt, wie diverse Gerichtsentscheidungen zeigen. Dieser Beitrag soll einen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber die arbeitsrechtlichen Folgen bei der Besch{\"a}ftigung von Prokuristen geben und der betrieblichen Praxis somit gleichzeitig als Entscheidungshilfe dienen, wenn es um das Ob und Wie der m{\"o}glichen Bestellung eines Arbeitnehmers zum Prokuristen geht.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Tran2014,
  author    = {Tran, Duc Hung},
  title     = {Multiple corporate governance attributes and the cost of capital - Evidence from Germany},
  series = {The British Accounting Review},
  volume    = {46},
  journal   = {The British Accounting Review},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0890-8389},
  doi       = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bar.2014.02.003},
  pages     = {179 -- 197},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {This paper investigates the extent to which corporate governance affects the cost of debt and equity capital of German exchange-listed companies. I examine corporate governance along three dimensions: financial information quality, ownership structure and board structure. The results suggest that firms with high levels of financial transparency and bonus compensations face lower cost of equity. In addition, block ownership is negatively related to firms' cost of equity when the blockholders are other firms, managers or founding-family members. Consistent with the conjecture that agency costs increase with firm size, I find significant cost of debt effects only in the largest German companies. Here, the creditors demand lower cost of debt from firms with block ownerships held by corporations or banks. My findings demonstrate that a uniform set of governance attributes is unlikely to satisfy suppliers of debt and equity capital equally.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{YangKriechbaumerAlbrachtetal.2014,
  author    = {Yang, Peng-Fei and Kriechbaumer, Andreas and Albracht, Kirsten and Sanno, Maximilian and Ganse, Bergita and Koy, Timmo and Shang, Peng and br{\"u}ggemann, Gert-Peter and M{\"u}ller, Lars Peter and Rittweger, J{\"o}rn},
  title     = {A novel optical approach for assessing in vivo bone segment deformation and its application in muscle-bone relationship studies in humans},
  series = {Journal of Orthopaedic Translation},
  volume    = {2},
  journal   = {Journal of Orthopaedic Translation},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Singapore},
  issn      = {2214-0328},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.jot.2014.07.078},
  pages     = {238 -- 238},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FinkenbergerSchlaich2014,
  author    = {Finkenberger, Isabel Maria and Schlaich, Christoph},
  title     = {Mehr als Wohnen. Vom Zusammenleben in integrierten Nachbarschaften},
  series = {APuZ - Aus Politik und Zeitgeschichte},
  volume    = {2014},
  journal   = {APuZ - Aus Politik und Zeitgeschichte},
  number    = {20-21},
  publisher = {Bundeszentrale f{\"u}r politische Bildung - bpb},
  address   = {Bonn},
  issn      = {2194-3621},
  pages     = {46 -- 52},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Neue D{\"o}rfer braucht das Land! D{\"o}rfer in der Stadt und D{\"o}rfer auf dem Land (…). Die Planung und Gestaltung nachhaltiger Raumsysteme, die durch ein neues Verst{\"a}ndnis des gemeinschaftlichen Besitzes (und dessen Nutzung) ressourcenfressende Individualisierungstendenzen unserer Gesellschaft {\"u}berwinden, aber zugleich gr{\"o}ßtm{\"o}glichen Freiraum f{\"u}r eine individuelle Pers{\"o}nlichkeitsentfaltung zur Verf{\"u}gung stellen." Dieses Zitat der Hamburger Initiative "Wir sind Dorf" beschreibt eine aktuelle Diskussion in unserer Gesellschaft, die sowohl in der Forschung und forschungsgeleiteten Initiativen, in Politik und Planung als auch in der B{\"u}rger-schaft stattfindet. Sie wird nicht nur auf wissenschaftlichen Veranstaltungen gef{\"u}hrt, sondern auch in konkreten Projekten f{\"u}r integrative Lebenswelten, die Fragestellungen von Ern{\"a}hrung und Energieversorgung, von Arbeit und {\"O}konomie, aber auch eines neuen r{\"a}umlichen und sozialen Miteinanders einbeziehen. Anders als bei den weit verbreiteten Baugruppen geht es nicht ausschließlich um die Schaffung von Wohnraum. Die Nachbarschaftsidee verbindet das Bed{\"u}rfnis nach gemeinschaftlichem Wohnen und Wirtschaften mit einer neuen Werteorientierung, die auf pers{\"o}nlicher Verantwortungs{\"u}bernahme beruht.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Finkenberger2014,
  author    = {Finkenberger, Isabel Maria},
  title     = {Vox populi. (Transformations-)potenziale nachkriegsmoderner Freiraumressourcen},
  series = {Stadt+Gr{\"u}n},
  volume    = {2014},
  journal   = {Stadt+Gr{\"u}n},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Patzer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {0948-9770},
  pages     = {31 -- 35},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Heute wie damals werden die großz{\"u}gigen und offenen Siedlungsstrukturen der ersten Nachkriegsjahrzehnte mit ihrem hohen Anteil an "Gr{\"u}n" vielfach gesch{\"a}tzt und als solche nicht grundlegend hinterfragt. "Gr{\"u}n" verheißt im Allgemeinen Licht, Luft und Sonne, Freizeit und Erholung und gilt als etwas W{\"u}nschenswertes im st{\"a}dtischen Kontext. Unbeachtet bleibt, dass dem Begriff "Gr{\"u}n" zun{\"a}chst keine Eigenschaften oder Qualit{\"a}ten zugewiesen sind - er sagt noch lange nichts {\"u}ber dessen r{\"a}umliche Qualit{\"a}t, dessen Nutzbarkeit, Erreichbarkeit und Zug{\"a}nglichkeit aus. Abstandsgr{\"u}n und Straßenbegleitgr{\"u}n ist eben auch "Gr{\"u}n". Neben einer quantitativen Argumentation, welche {\"o}kologischen Aspekte wie Biotopvernetzung, Stadt- und Mikroklima ber{\"u}cksichtigt, sollten wir verst{\"a}rkt qualitativ denken und damit die Grundlage f{\"u}r einen erweiterten und wesentlich differenzierteren Diskurs {\"u}ber urbane Freir{\"a}ume ebnen.},
  language  = {de}
}