@inproceedings{MoritzYoshinobuFingeretal.2003, author = {Moritz, Werner and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo and Finger, Friedhelm and Krause, Steffi and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Amorphous silicon as semiconductor material for high resolution LAPS}, series = {Eurosensors XVII : the 17th European Conference on Solid-State Transducers ; University of Minho, Guimar{\~a}es, Portugal, September 21 - 24, 2003}, booktitle = {Eurosensors XVII : the 17th European Conference on Solid-State Transducers ; University of Minho, Guimar{\~a}es, Portugal, September 21 - 24, 2003}, pages = {48 -- 49}, year = {2003}, language = {en} } @article{MoritzYoshinobuFingeretal.2004, author = {Moritz, W. and Yoshinobu, T. and Finger, F. and Krause, S. and Xu, M. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Microscopy of impedance and surface ion concentrations}, series = {Biomedizinische Technik. 49 (2004), H. 2}, journal = {Biomedizinische Technik. 49 (2004), H. 2}, isbn = {0932-4666}, pages = {1000 -- 1001}, year = {2004}, language = {en} } @article{MoritzYoshinobuFingeretal.2004, author = {Moritz, W. and Yoshinobu, T. and Finger, F. and Krause, S. and Martin-Fernandez, M. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {High resolution LAPS using amorphous silicon as the semiconductor material}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B. 103 (2004), H. 1-2}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B. 103 (2004), H. 1-2}, isbn = {0925-4005}, pages = {436 -- 444}, year = {2004}, language = {en} } @article{MoretAlkemadeUpcraftetal.2020, author = {Moret, J.L.T.M. and Alkemade, J. and Upcraft, T.M. and Paulßen, Elisabeth and Wolterbeek, H.T. and Ommen, J.R. van and Denkova, A.G.}, title = {The application of atomic layer deposition in the production of sorbents for ⁹⁹Mo/⁹⁹ᵐTc generator}, series = {Applied Radiation and Isotopes}, volume = {164}, journal = {Applied Radiation and Isotopes}, number = {109266}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0969-8043}, doi = {10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109266}, pages = {9}, year = {2020}, abstract = {New production routes for ⁹⁹Mo are steadily gaining importance. However, the obtained specific activity is much lower than currently produced by the fission of U-235. To be able to supply hospitals with ⁹⁹Mo/⁹⁹ᵐTc generators with the desired activity, the adsorption capacity of the column material should be increased. In this paper we have investigated whether the gas phase coating technique Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD), which can deposit ultra-thin layers on high surface area materials, can be used to attain materials with high adsorption capacity for ⁹⁹Mo. For this purpose, ALD was applied on a silica-core sorbent material to coat it with a thin layer of alumina. This sorbent material shows to have a maximum adsorption capacity of 120 mg/g and has a ⁹⁹ᵐTc elution efficiency of 55 ± 2\% based on 3 executive elutions.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MorenoDosevBratovetal.2006, author = {Moreno, Lia and Dosev, D. and Bratov, A. and Dominguez, C. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Kloock, Joachim P.}, title = {Effect of electrical properties of the surrounding medium on the response of an interdigitated electrode array with chalcogenide glass film}, series = {XX Eurosensors : 20th anniversary ; G{\"o}teborg, Sweden, 17 - 20 September 2006 ; [proceedings]. - Vol. 1}, booktitle = {XX Eurosensors : 20th anniversary ; G{\"o}teborg, Sweden, 17 - 20 September 2006 ; [proceedings]. - Vol. 1}, address = {G{\"o}teborg}, isbn = {978-91-631-9280-7}, pages = {384 -- 385}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @article{MorenoiCodinachsKloockSchoeningetal.2008, author = {Moreno i Codinachs, Lia and Kloock, Joachim P. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Baldi, Antoni and Ipatov, Andrey and Bratov, Andrey and Jimenez-Jorquera, Cecilia}, title = {Electronic integrated multisensor tongue applied to grape juice and wine analysis}, series = {Analyst. 133 (2008)}, journal = {Analyst. 133 (2008)}, isbn = {1364-5528}, pages = {1440 -- 1448}, year = {2008}, language = {en} } @article{MorenoiCodinachsBirkenstockGarmaetal.2009, author = {Moreno i Codinachs, L. and Birkenstock, C. and Garma, T. and Zierold, R. and Bachmann, J. and Nielsch, K. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Fontcuberta i Morral, A.}, title = {A micron-sized nanoporous multifunction sensing device}, series = {physica status solidi (a) . 206 (2009), H. 3}, journal = {physica status solidi (a) . 206 (2009), H. 3}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Weinheim}, isbn = {1862-6319}, pages = {435 -- 441}, year = {2009}, language = {en} } @article{MoratFaudeHanssenetal.2020, author = {Morat, Mareike and Faude, Oliver and Hanssen, Henner and Ludyga, Sebastian and Zacher, Jonas and Eibl, Angi and Albracht, Kirsten and Donath, Lars}, title = {Agility Training to Integratively Promote Neuromuscular, Cognitive, Cardiovascular and Psychosocial Function in Healthy Older Adults: A Study Protocol of a One-Year Randomized-Controlled Trial}, series = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health}, volume = {17}, journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health}, number = {6}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1660-4601}, doi = {10.3390/ijerph17061853}, pages = {1 -- 14}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Exercise training effectively mitigates aging-induced health and fitness impairments. Traditional training recommendations for the elderly focus separately on relevant physiological fitness domains, such as balance, flexibility, strength and endurance. Thus, a more holistic and functional training framework is needed. The proposed agility training concept integratively tackles spatial orientation, stop and go, balance and strength. The presented protocol aims at introducing a two-armed, one-year randomized controlled trial, evaluating the effects of this concept on neuromuscular, cardiovascular, cognitive and psychosocial health outcomes in healthy older adults. Eighty-five participants were enrolled in this ongoing trial. Seventy-nine participants completed baseline testing and were block-randomized to the agility training group or the inactive control group. All participants undergo pre- and post-testing with interim assessment after six months. The intervention group currently receives supervised, group-based agility training twice a week over one year, with progressively demanding perceptual, cognitive and physical exercises. Knee extension strength, reactive balance, dual task gait speed and the Agility Challenge for the Elderly (ACE) serve as primary endpoints and neuromuscular, cognitive, cardiovascular, and psychosocial meassures serve as surrogate secondary outcomes. Our protocol promotes a comprehensive exercise training concept for older adults, that might facilitate stakeholders in health and exercise to stimulate relevant health outcomes without relying on excessively time-consuming physical activity recommendations.}, language = {en} } @article{MorandiButenwegBreisetal.2022, author = {Morandi, Paolo and Butenweg, Christoph and Breis, Khaled and Beyer, Katrin and Magenes, Guido}, title = {Latest findings on the behaviour factor q for the seismic design of URM buildings}, series = {Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering}, volume = {20}, journal = {Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering}, number = {11}, editor = {Ansal, Atilla}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Cham}, issn = {1573-1456}, doi = {10.1007/s10518-022-01419-7}, pages = {5797 -- 5848}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Recent earthquakes as the 2012 Emilia earthquake sequence showed that recently built unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings behaved much better than expected and sustained, despite the maximum PGA values ranged between 0.20-0.30 g, either minor damage or structural damage that is deemed repairable. Especially low-rise residential and commercial masonry buildings with a code-conforming seismic design and detailing behaved in general very well without substantial damages. The low damage grades of modern masonry buildings that was observed during this earthquake series highlighted again that codified design procedures based on linear analysis can be rather conservative. Although advances in simulation tools make nonlinear calculation methods more readily accessible to designers, linear analyses will still be the standard design method for years to come. The present paper aims to improve the linear seismic design method by providing a proper definition of the q-factor of URM buildings. These q-factors are derived for low-rise URM buildings with rigid diaphragms which represent recent construction practise in low to moderate seismic areas of Italy and Germany. The behaviour factor components for deformation and energy dissipation capacity and for overstrength due to the redistribution of forces are derived by means of pushover analyses. Furthermore, considerations on the behaviour factor component due to other sources of overstrength in masonry buildings are presented. As a result of the investigations, rationally based values of the behaviour factor q to be used in linear analyses in the range of 2.0-3.0 are proposed.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MorandiButenwegBreisetal.2022, author = {Morandi, Paolo and Butenweg, Christoph and Breis, Khaled and Beyer, Katrin and Magenes, Guido}, title = {Behaviour factor q for the seismic design of URM buildings}, series = {The Third European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology}, booktitle = {The Third European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology}, editor = {Arion, Cristian and Scupin, Alexandra and Ţigănescu, Alexandru}, isbn = {978-973-100-533-1}, pages = {1184 -- 1194}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Recent earthquakes showed that low-rise URM buildings following codecompliant seismic design and details behaved in general very well without substantial damages. Although advances in simulation tools make nonlinear calculation methods more readily accessible to designers, linear analyses will still be the standard design method for years to come. The present paper aims to improve the linear seismic design method by providing a proper definition of the q-factor of URM buildings. Values of q-factors are derived for low-rise URM buildings with rigid diaphragms, with reference to modern structural configurations realized in low to moderate seismic areas of Italy and Germany. The behaviour factor components for deformation and energy dissipation capacity and for overstrength due to the redistribution of forces are derived by means of pushover analyses. As a result of the investigations, rationally based values of the behaviour factor q to be used in linear analyses in the range of 2.0 to 3.0 are proposed.}, language = {en} } @article{MoraisSumanSchoeningetal.2023, author = {Morais, Paulo V. and Suman, Pedro H. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Siqueira Junior, Jos{\´e} R. and Orlandi, Marcelo O.}, title = {Layer-by-layer film based on Sn₃O₄ nanobelts as sensing units to detect heavy metals using a capacitive field-effect sensor platform}, series = {Chemosensors}, volume = {11}, journal = {Chemosensors}, number = {8}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2227-9040}, doi = {10.3390/chemosensors11080436}, pages = {Artikel 436}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Lead and nickel, as heavy metals, are still used in industrial processes, and are classified as "environmental health hazards" due to their toxicity and polluting potential. The detection of heavy metals can prevent environmental pollution at toxic levels that are critical to human health. In this sense, the electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) field-effect sensor is an attractive sensing platform concerning the fabrication of reusable and robust sensors to detect such substances. This study is aimed to fabricate a sensing unit on an EIS device based on Sn₃O₄ nanobelts embedded in a polyelectrolyte matrix of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) using the layer-by-layer (LbL) technique. The EIS-Sn₃O₄ sensor exhibited enhanced electrochemical performance for detecting Pb²⁺ and Ni²⁺ ions, revealing a higher affinity for Pb²⁺ ions, with sensitivities of ca. 25.8 mV/decade and 2.4 mV/decade, respectively. Such results indicate that Sn₃O₄ nanobelts can contemplate a feasible proof-of-concept capacitive field-effect sensor for heavy metal detection, envisaging other future studies focusing on environmental monitoring.}, language = {en} } @article{MoraisSilvaDantasetal.2019, author = {Morais, Paulo V. and Silva, Anielle C. A. and Dantas, Noelio O. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Siqueira, Jos{\´e} R., Jr.}, title = {Hybrid Layer-by-Layer Film of Polyelectrolytes-Embedded Catalytic CoFe2O4 Nanocrystals as Sensing Units in Capacitive Electrolyte-Insulator-Semiconductor Devices}, series = {physica status solidi a : applications and materials sciences}, volume = {216}, journal = {physica status solidi a : applications and materials sciences}, number = {1900044}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Weinheim}, doi = {10.1002/pssa.201900044}, pages = {1 -- 9}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{MoraisGomesSilvaetal.2017, author = {Morais, Paulo V. and Gomes, Vanderley F., Jr. and Silva, Anielle C. A. and Dantas, Noelio O. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Siqueira, Jos{\´e} R., Jr.}, title = {Nanofilm of ZnO nanocrystals/carbon nanotubes as biocompatible layer for enzymatic biosensors in capacitive field-effect devices}, series = {Journal of Materials Science}, volume = {52}, journal = {Journal of Materials Science}, number = {20}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {1573-4803}, doi = {10.1007/s10853-017-1369-y}, pages = {12314 -- 12325}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The incorporation of nanomaterials that are biocompatible with different types of biological compounds has allowed the development of a new generation of biosensors applied especially in the biomedical field. In particular, the integration of film-based nanomaterials employed in field-effect devices can be interesting to develop biosensors with enhanced properties. In this paper, we studied the fabrication of sensitive nanofilms combining ZnO nanocrystals and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), prepared by means of the layer-by-layer (LbL) technique, in a capacitive electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) structure for detecting glucose and urea. The ZnO nanocrystals were incorporated in a polymeric matrix of poly(allylamine) hydrochloride (PAH), and arranged with multi-walled CNTs in a LbL PAH-ZnO/CNTs film architecture onto EIS chips. The electrochemical characterizations were performed by capacitance-voltage and constant capacitance measurements, while the morphology of the films was characterized by atomic force microscopy. The enzymes glucose oxidase and urease were immobilized on film's surface for detection of glucose and urea, respectively. In order to obtain glucose and urea biosensors with optimized amount of sensitive films, we investigated the ideal number of bilayers for each detection system. The glucose biosensor showed better sensitivity and output signal for an LbL PAH-ZnO/CNTs nanofilm with 10 bilayers. On the other hand, the urea biosensor presented enhanced properties even for the first bilayer, exhibiting high sensitivity and output signal. The presence of the LbL PAH-ZnO/CNTs films led to biosensors with better sensitivity and enhanced response signal, demonstrating that the adequate use of nanostructured films is feasible for proof-of-concept biosensors with improved properties that may be employed for biomedical applications.}, language = {en} } @article{Moosdorf2009, author = {Moosdorf, Andreas}, title = {It's not just the Talent, it's the Knowledge Transfer Method}, series = {GC Ticker}, journal = {GC Ticker}, number = {1}, pages = {16 -- 16}, year = {2009}, language = {en} } @book{Moosdorf2008, author = {Moosdorf, Andreas}, title = {The determinants of international knowledge transfer effectiveness - conceptual advances and empirical verification}, year = {2008}, language = {en} } @article{MontiWaldvogelRitzmannetal.2021, author = {Monti, Elena and Waldvogel, Janice and Ritzmann, Ramona and Freyler, Kathrin and Albracht, Kirsten and Helm, Michael and De Cesare, Niccol{\`o} and Pavan, Piero and Reggiani, Carlo and Gollhofer, Albert and Narici, Marco Vincenzo}, title = {Muscle in variable gravity: "I do not know where I am, but I know what to do"}, series = {Frontiers in Physiology}, volume = {12}, journal = {Frontiers in Physiology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-042X}, doi = {10.3389/fphys.2021.714655}, pages = {19 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Performing tasks, such as running and jumping, requires activation of the agonist and antagonist muscles before (motor unit pre-activation) and during movement performance (Santello and Mcdonagh, 1998). A well-timed and regulated muscle activation elicits a stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) response, naturally occurring in bouncing movements (Ishikawa and Komi, 2004; Taube et al., 2012). By definition, the SSC describes the stretching of a pre-activated muscle-tendon complex immediately followed by a muscle shortening in the concentric push-off phase (Komi, 1984). Given the importance of SSC actions for human movement, it is not surprising that many studies investigated the biomechanics of this phenomenon; in particular, drop jumps (DJs) represent a good paradigm to study muscle fascicle and tendon behavior in ballistic movements involving the SSC. Within a DJ, three main phases [pre-activation, braking, and push-off (PO; Komi, 2000)] have been recognized and extensively studied in common and challenging conditions, such as changes in load, falling height, or simulated hypo-gravity (Avela et al., 1994; Arampatzis et al., 2001; Fukashiro et al., 2005; Ishikawa et al., 2005; Sousa et al., 2007; Ritzmann et al., 2016; Helm et al., 2020). These studies show that the timing and amount of triceps-surae muscle-tendon unit pre-activation in DJs are differentially regulated based on the load applied to the muscle, being optimal in normal "Earth" gravity conditions (Avela et al., 1994), but decreased in simulated hypo-gravity, hyper-gravity (Avela et al., 1994; Ritzmann et al., 2016), or unknown conditions (i.e., unknown falling heights; Helm et al., 2020). Some authors indicated that, when falling from heights different from the optimal one [defined as the drop height giving a maximum DJ performance indicated as peak ground reaction force (GRF) or jump high], electromyographic (EMG) activity of the plantar flexors increases from lower than optimal to higher than optimal heights (Ishikawa and Komi, 2004; Sousa et al., 2007). These findings highlight the ability of the central nervous system to regulate the timing and amount of pre-activation according to different jumping conditions, thus regulating muscle fascicle length, tendon and joint stiffness as well as position, in order to safely land on the ground and quickly re-bounce. Similarly, to pre-activation, also in the braking phase, the plantar flexors are differentially regulated. In optimal height (i.e., load) jumping conditions, gastrocnemius medialis (GM) fascicles shorten at early ground contact (possibly due to the intervention of the stretch reflex; Gollhofer et al., 1992) and behave quasi-isometrically in the late braking phase, enabling tendon elongation, and storage of elastic energy (Gollhofer et al., 1992; Fukashiro et al., 2005; Sousa et al., 2007). When increasing the falling height (augmenting the impact GRF), the quasi-isometric behavior of fascicles disappears, and fast fascicle lengthening occurs (Ishikawa et al., 2005; Sousa et al., 2007). In the third and last PO phase, fascicles shorten and the tendon releases the elastic energy previously stored. Bobbert et al. (1987) reported no influence of jumping height on the work done and on the net vertical impulse assessed during PO; this observation suggests that, despite an optimal DJ performance might be achieved only in specific conditions (falling heights, loads), the central nervous system seems to be able to regulate muscle behavior in order to effectively perform the required task also in challenging situations. Although the regulation of triceps-surae muscle-tendon unit in DJs has been extensively investigated, very few studies focused on sarcomeres behavior during the performance of this SSC movement (Kurokawa et al., 2003; Fukashiro et al., 2005, 2006). Sarcomeres represent muscle contractile units and are known to express different amounts of force depending on their length (Gordon et al., 1966; Walker and Schrodt, 1974); thus, understanding the time course of their responses during DJs is fundamental to gain further insights into muscle force-generating capacity. In vivo measurement of sarcomere length in humans has been so far been performed only in static positions and under highly controlled experimental conditions (Llewellyn et al., 2008; Sanchez et al., 2015). Instead, human sarcomere length estimation (achieved by dividing GM measured fascicle length for a fixed sarcomere number) in dynamic contractions provided an indirect measure of sarcomere operating range during squat jump, countermovement jump, and DJ (Fukashiro et al., 2005, 2006; Kurokawa et al., 2003). The results of these studies showed that sarcomeres operate in the ascending limb of their length-tension (L-T) relationship in all types of jumps, and particularly so in DJ. However, most of the available observations on sarcomere and muscle fascicle behavior were made in condition of constant gravity. Thus, in order to understand how sarcomere and muscle fascicle length are regulated in variable gravity conditions, we performed experiments in a parabolic flight, involving variable gravity levels, ranging from about zero-g to about double the Earth's gravity (1 g; Waldvogel et al., 2021). Specifically, the aims of the present study were as follows: 1. To investigate the ability of the neuromuscular system in regulating fascicle length in response to conditions of variable gravity. 2. To estimate sarcomere operative length in the different DJ phases, in order to calculate its theoretical force production and its possible modulation in conditions of variable gravity. We hypothesized that muscle fascicles would be differentially regulated in different gravity conditions compared to 1 g, particularly in anticipation of landing and re-bouncing in unknown gravity levels. In addition, we hypothesized that sarcomeres would operate in the upper part of the ascending limb of their L-T relationship, possibly lengthening during the braking phase (especially in hyper-gravity) while operating quasi-isometrically in 1 g.}, language = {en} } @article{MonakhovaSobolevaFedotovaetal.2022, author = {Monakhova, Yulia and Soboleva, Polina M. and Fedotova, Elena S. and Musina, Kristina T. and Burmistrova, Natalia A.}, title = {Quantum chemical calculations of IR spectra of heparin disaccharide subunits}, series = {Computational and Theoretical Chemistry}, volume = {1217}, journal = {Computational and Theoretical Chemistry}, number = {Article number: 113891}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {New York, NY}, isbn = {2210-271X}, doi = {10.1016/j.comptc.2022.113891}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Heparin is a natural polysaccharide, which plays essential role in many biological processes. Alterations in building blocks can modify biological roles of commercial heparin products, due to significant changes in the conformation of the polymer chain. The variability structure of heparin leads to difficulty in quality control using different analytical methods, including infrared (IR) spectroscopy. In this paper molecular modelling of heparin disaccharide subunits was performed using quantum chemistry. The structural and spectral parameters of these disaccharides have been calculated using RHF/6-311G. In addition, over-sulphated chondroitin sulphate disaccharide was studied as one of the most widespread contaminants of heparin. Calculated IR spectra were analyzed with respect to specific structure parameters. IR spectroscopic fingerprint was found to be sensitive to substitution pattern of disaccharide subunits. Vibrational assignments of calculated spectra were correlated with experimental IR spectral bands of native heparin. Chemometrics was used to perform multivariate analysis of simulated spectral data.}, language = {en} } @article{MonakhovaDiehl2021, author = {Monakhova, Yulia and Diehl, Bernd W.K.}, title = {Novel approach of qNMR workflow by standardization using 2H integral: Application to any intrinsic calibration standard}, series = {Talanta}, volume = {222}, journal = {Talanta}, number = {Article number: 121504}, publisher = {Elsevier}, isbn = {0039-9140}, doi = {10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121504}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) is routinely performed by the internal or external standardization. The manuscript describes a simple alternative to these common workflows by using NMR signal of another active nuclei of calibration compound. For example, for any arbitrary compound quantification by NMR can be based on the use of an indirect concentration referencing that relies on a solvent having both 1H and 2H signals. To perform high-quality quantification, the deuteration level of the utilized deuterated solvent has to be estimated. In this contribution the new method was applied to the determination of deuteration levels in different deuterated solvents (MeOD, ACN, CDCl3, acetone, benzene, DMSO-d6). Isopropanol-d6, which contains a defined number of deuterons and protons, was used for standardization. Validation characteristics (precision, accuracy, robustness) were calculated and the results showed that the method can be used in routine practice. Uncertainty budget was also evaluated. In general, this novel approach, using standardization by 2H integral, benefits from reduced sample preparation steps and uncertainties, and can be applied in different application areas (purity determination, forensics, pharmaceutical analysis, etc.).}, language = {en} } @article{MonakhovaDiehl2022, author = {Monakhova, Yulia and Diehl, Bernd W.K.}, title = {Multinuclear NMR screening of pharmaceuticals using standardization by 2H integral of a deuterated solvent}, series = {Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis}, volume = {209}, journal = {Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis}, number = {Article number: 114530}, publisher = {Elsevier}, isbn = {0731-7085}, doi = {10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114530}, year = {2022}, abstract = {NMR standardization approach that uses the 2H integral of deuterated solvent for quantitative multinuclear analysis of pharmaceuticals is described. As a proof of principle, the existing NMR procedure for the analysis of heparin products according to US Pharmacopeia monograph is extended to the determination of Na+ and Cl- content in this matrix. Quantification is performed based on the ratio of a 23Na (35Cl) NMR integral and 2H NMR signal of deuterated solvent, D2O, acquired using the specific spectrometer hardware. As an alternative, the possibility of 133Cs standardization using the addition of Cs2CO3 stock solution is shown. Validation characteristics (linearity, repeatability, sensitivity) are evaluated. A holistic NMR profiling of heparin products can now also be used for the quantitative determination of inorganic compounds in a single analytical run using a single sample. In general, the new standardization methodology provides an appealing alternative for the NMR screening of inorganic and organic components in pharmaceutical products.}, language = {en} } @article{MonakhovaDiehl2022, author = {Monakhova, Yulia and Diehl, Bernd W.K.}, title = {Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy as an elegant tool for a complete quality control of crude heparin material}, series = {Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis}, volume = {219}, journal = {Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis}, number = {Article number: 114915}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {New York, NY}, issn = {0731-7085}, doi = {10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114915}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometric methods for the quantitative analysis of pure heparin in crude heparin is proposed. For quantification, a two-step routine was developed using a USP heparin reference sample for calibration and benzoic acid as an internal standard. The method was successfully validated for its accuracy, reproducibility, and precision. The methodology was used to analyze 20 authentic porcine heparinoid samples having heparin content between 4.25 w/w \% and 64.4 w/w \%. The characterization of crude heparin products was further extended to a simultaneous analysis of these common ions: sodium, calcium, acetate and chloride. A significant, linear dependence was found between anticoagulant activity and assayed heparin content for thirteen heparinoids samples, for which reference data were available. A Diffused-ordered NMR experiment (DOSY) can be used for qualitative analysis of specific glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in heparinoid matrices and, potentially, for quantitative prediction of molecular weight of GAGs. NMR spectrometry therefore represents a unique analytical method suitable for the simultaneous quantitative control of organic and inorganic composition of crude heparin samples (especially heparin content) as well as an estimation of other physical and quality parameters (molecular weight, animal origin and activity).}, language = {en} } @article{MonakhovaDiehl2021, author = {Monakhova, Yulia and Diehl, Bernd W. K.}, title = {Simplification of NMR Workflows by Standardization Using 2H Integral of Deuterated Solvent as Applied to Aloe vera Preparations}, series = {Applied Magnetic Resonance}, volume = {52}, journal = {Applied Magnetic Resonance}, number = {11}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, issn = {1613-7507}, doi = {10.1007/s00723-021-01393-4}, pages = {1591 -- 1600}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In this study, a recently proposed NMR standardization approach by 2H integral of deuterated solvent for quantitative multicomponent analysis of complex mixtures is presented. As a proof of principle, the existing NMR routine for the analysis of Aloe vera products was modified. Instead of using absolute integrals of targeted compounds and internal standard (nicotinamide) from 1H-NMR spectra, quantification was performed based on the ratio of a particular 1H-NMR compound integral and 2H-NMR signal of deuterated solvent D2O. Validation characteristics (linearity, repeatability, accuracy) were evaluated and the results showed that the method has the same precision as internal standardization in case of multicomponent screening. Moreover, a dehydration process by freeze drying is not necessary for the new routine. Now, our NMR profiling of A. vera products needs only limited sample preparation and data processing. The new standardization methodology provides an appealing alternative for multicomponent NMR screening. In general, this novel approach, using standardization by 2H integral, benefits from reduced sample preparation steps and uncertainties, and is recommended in different application areas (purity determination, forensics, pharmaceutical analysis, etc.).}, language = {en} } @article{MolinnusSorichBartzetal.2016, author = {Molinnus, Denise and Sorich, Maren and Bartz, Alexander and Siegert, Petra and Willenberg, Holger S. and Lisdat, Fred and Poghossian, Arshak and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Towards an adrenaline biosensor based on substrate recycling amplification in combination with an enzyme logic gate}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical}, volume = {237}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0925-4005}, doi = {10.1016/j.snb.2016.06.064}, pages = {190 -- 195}, year = {2016}, abstract = {An amperometric biosensor using a substrate recycling principle was realized for the detection of low adrenaline concentrations (1 nM) by measurements in phosphate buffer and Ringer's solution at pH 6.5 and pH 7.4, respectively. In proof-of-concept experiments, a Boolean logic-gate principle has been applied to develop a digital adrenaline biosensor based on an enzyme AND logic gate. The obtained results demonstrate that the developed digital biosensor is capable for a rapid qualitative determination of the presence/absence of adrenaline in a YES/NO statement. Such digital biosensor could be used in clinical diagnostics for the control of a correct insertion of a catheter in the adrenal veins during adrenal venous-sampling procedure.}, language = {en} } @article{MolinnusPoghossianKeusgenetal.2017, author = {Molinnus, Denise and Poghossian, Arshak and Keusgen, Michael and Katz, Evgeny and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Coupling of Biomolecular Logic Gates with Electronic Transducers: From Single Enzyme Logic Gates to Sense/Act/Treat Chips}, series = {Electroanalysis}, volume = {29}, journal = {Electroanalysis}, number = {8}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1521-4109}, doi = {10.1002/elan.201700208}, pages = {1840 -- 1849}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The integration of biomolecular logic principles with electronic transducers allows designing novel digital biosensors with direct electrical output, logically triggered drug-release, and closed-loop sense/act/treat systems. This opens new opportunities for advanced personalized medicine in the context of theranostics. In the present work, we will discuss selected examples of recent developments in the field of interfacing enzyme logic gates with electrodes and semiconductor field-effect devices. Special attention is given to an enzyme OR/Reset logic gate based on a capacitive field-effect electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor sensor modified with a multi-enzyme membrane. Further examples are a digital adrenaline biosensor based on an AND logic gate with binary YES/NO output and an integrated closed-loop sense/act/treat system comprising an amperometric glucose sensor, a hydrogel actuator, and an insulin (drug) sensor.}, language = {en} } @article{MolinnusMuschallikGonzalezetal.2018, author = {Molinnus, Denise and Muschallik, Lukas and Gonzalez, Laura Osorio and Bongaerts, Johannes and Wagner, Torsten and Selmer, Thorsten and Siegert, Petra and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Development and characterization of a field-effect biosensor for the detection of acetoin}, series = {Biosensors and Bioelectronics}, volume = {115}, journal = {Biosensors and Bioelectronics}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.bios.2018.05.023}, pages = {1 -- 6}, year = {2018}, abstract = {A capacitive electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) field-effect biosensor for acetoin detection has been presented for the first time. The EIS sensor consists of a layer structure of Al/p-Si/SiO₂/Ta₂O₅/enzyme acetoin reductase. The enzyme, also referred to as butane-2,3-diol dehydrogenase from B. clausii DSM 8716T, has been recently characterized. The enzyme catalyzes the (R)-specific reduction of racemic acetoin to (R,R)- and meso-butane-2,3-diol, respectively. Two different enzyme immobilization strategies (cross-linking by using glutaraldehyde and adsorption) have been studied. Typical biosensor parameters such as optimal pH working range, sensitivity, hysteresis, linear concentration range and long-term stability have been examined by means of constant-capacitance (ConCap) mode measurements. Furthermore, preliminary experiments have been successfully carried out for the detection of acetoin in diluted white wine samples.}, language = {en} } @article{MolinnusHardtSiegertetal.2018, author = {Molinnus, Denise and Hardt, Gabriel and Siegert, Petra and Willenberg, Holger S. and Poghossian, Arshak and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Detection of Adrenaline in Blood Plasma as Biomarker for Adrenal Venous Sampling}, series = {Electroanalysis}, volume = {30}, journal = {Electroanalysis}, number = {5}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1521-4109}, doi = {10.1002/elan.201800026}, pages = {937 -- 942}, year = {2018}, abstract = {An amperometric bi-enzyme biosensor based on substrate recycling principle for the amplification of the sensor signal has been developed for the detection of adrenaline in blood. Adrenaline can be used as biomarker verifying successful adrenal venous sampling procedure. The adrenaline biosensor has been realized via modification of a galvanic oxygen sensor with a bi-enzyme membrane combining a genetically modified laccase and a pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent glucose dehydrogenase. The measurement conditions such as pH value and temperature were optimized to enhance the sensor performance. A high sensitivity and a low detection limit of about 0.5-1 nM adrenaline have been achieved in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4, relevant for measurements in blood samples. The sensitivity of the biosensor to other catecholamines such as noradrenaline, dopamine and dobutamine has been studied. Finally, the sensor has been successfully applied for the detection of adrenaline in human blood plasma.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MolinnusHardtKaeveretal.2017, author = {Molinnus, Denise and Hardt, Gabriel and K{\"a}ver, Larissa and Willenberg, Holger S. and Poghossian, Arshak and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Detection of Adrenaline Based on Bioelectrocatalytical System to Support Tumor Diagnostic Technology}, series = {MDPI Proceedings}, booktitle = {MDPI Proceedings}, doi = {10.3390/proceedings1040506}, pages = {4 Seiten}, year = {2017}, language = {en} } @article{MolinnusHardtKaeveretal.2018, author = {Molinnus, Denise and Hardt, G. and K{\"a}ver, L. and Willenberg, H.S. and Kr{\"o}ger, J.-C. and Poghossian, Arshak and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Chip-based biosensor for the detection of low adrenaline concentrations to support adrenal venous sampling}, series = {Sensor and Actuators B: Chemical}, volume = {272}, journal = {Sensor and Actuators B: Chemical}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0925-4005}, doi = {10.1016/j.snb.2018.05.136}, pages = {21 -- 27}, year = {2018}, abstract = {A chip-based amperometric biosensor referring on using the bioelectrocatalytical amplification principle for the detection of low adrenaline concentrations is presented. The adrenaline biosensor has been prepared by modification of a platinum thin-film electrode with an enzyme membrane containing the pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent glucose dehydrogenase and glutaraldehyde. Measuring conditions such as temperature, pH value, and glucose concentration have been optimized to achieve a high sensitivity and a low detection limit of about 1 nM adrenaline measured in phosphate buffer at neutral pH value. The response of the biosensor to different catecholamines has also been proven. Long-term stability of the adrenaline biosensor has been studied over 10 days. In addition, the biosensor has been successfully applied for adrenaline detection in human blood plasma for future biomedical applications. Furthermore, preliminary experiments have been carried to detect the adrenaline-concentration difference measured in peripheral blood and adrenal venous blood, representing the adrenal vein sampling procedure of a physician.}, language = {en} } @article{MolinnusDrinicIkenetal.2021, author = {Molinnus, Denise and Drinic, Aleksander and Iken, Heiko and Kr{\"o}ger, Nadja and Zinser, Max and Smeets, Ralf and K{\"o}pf, Marius and Kopp, Alexander and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Towards a flexible electrochemical biosensor fabricated from biocompatible Bombyx mori silk}, series = {Biosensors and Bioelectronics}, volume = {183}, journal = {Biosensors and Bioelectronics}, number = {Art. 113204}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0956-5663}, doi = {10.1016/j.bios.2021.113204}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{MolinnusBaeckerSiegertetal.2015, author = {Molinnus, Denise and B{\"a}cker, Matthias and Siegert, Petra and Willenberg, H. and Poghossian, Arshak and Keusgen, M. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Detection of Adrenaline Based on Substrate Recycling Amplification}, series = {Procedia Engineering}, volume = {120}, journal = {Procedia Engineering}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1877-7058}, doi = {10.1016/j.proeng.2015.08.708}, pages = {540 -- 543}, year = {2015}, abstract = {An amperometric enzyme biosensor has been applied for the detection of adrenaline. The adrenaline biosensor has been prepared by modification of an oxygen electrode with the enzyme laccase that operates at a broad pH range between pH 3.5 to pH 8. The enzyme molecules were immobilized via cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. The sensitivity of the developed adrenaline biosensor in different pH buffer solutions has been studied.}, language = {en} } @article{MolinnusBaeckerIkenetal.2015, author = {Molinnus, Denise and B{\"a}cker, Matthias and Iken, Heiko and Poghossian, Arshak and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Concept for a biomolecular logic chip with an integrated sensor and actuator function}, series = {Physica status solidi (a)}, volume = {212}, journal = {Physica status solidi (a)}, number = {6}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1862-6319}, doi = {10.1002/pssa.201431913}, pages = {1382 -- 1388}, year = {2015}, abstract = {A concept for a new generation of an integrated multi-functional biosensor/actuator system is developed, which is based on biomolecular logic principles. Such a system is expected to be able to detect multiple biochemical input signals simultaneously and in real-time and convert them into electrical output signals with logical operations such as OR, AND, etc. The system can be designed as a closed-loop drug release device triggered by an enzyme logic gate, while the release of the drug induced by the actuator at the required dosage and timing will be controlled by an additional drug sensor. Thus, the system could help to make an accurate and specific diagnosis. The presented concept is exemplarily demonstrated by using an enzyme logic gate based on a glucose/glucose oxidase system, a temperature-responsive hydrogel mimicking the actuator function and an insulin (drug) sensor. In this work, the results of functional testing of individual amperometric glucose and insulin sensors as well as an impedimetric sensor for the detection of the hydrogel swelling/shrinking are presented.}, language = {en} } @article{MolinnusBegingLowisetal.2020, author = {Molinnus, Denise and Beging, Stefan and Lowis, Carsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Towards a multi-enzyme capacitive field-effect biosensor by comparative study of drop-coating and nano-spotting technique}, series = {Sensors}, volume = {20}, journal = {Sensors}, number = {17}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, isbn = {1424-8220}, doi = {10.3390/s20174924}, pages = {Artikel 4942}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Multi-enzyme immobilization onto a capacitive field-effect biosensor by nano-spotting technique is presented. The nano-spotting technique allows to immobilize different enzymes simultaneously on the sensor surface with high spatial resolution without additional photolithographical patterning. The amount of applied enzymatic cocktail on the sensor surface can be tailored. Capacitive electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) field-effect sensors with Ta2O5 as pH-sensitive transducer layer have been chosen to immobilize the three different (pL droplets) enzymes penicillinase, urease, and glucose oxidase. Nano-spotting immobilization is compared to conventional drop-coating method by defining different geometrical layouts on the sensor surface (fully, half-, and quarter-spotted). The drop diameter is varying between 84 µm and 102 µm, depending on the number of applied drops (1 to 4) per spot. For multi-analyte detection, penicillinase and urease are simultaneously nano-spotted on the EIS sensor. Sensor characterization was performed by C/V (capacitance/voltage) and ConCap (constant capacitance) measurements. Average penicillin, glucose, and urea sensitivities for the spotted enzymes were 81.7 mV/dec, 40.5 mV/dec, and 68.9 mV/dec, respectively.}, language = {en} } @article{Mohnke1987, author = {Mohnke, Andreas}, title = {High-rate sputtering of zinc oxide with a funnel-shaped magnetic field: Effect of the target thickness on the layer properties}, series = {Vakuum-Technik. 36 (1987), H. 5}, journal = {Vakuum-Technik. 36 (1987), H. 5}, isbn = {0042-2266}, pages = {148 -- 151}, year = {1987}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MohanGrossMenzeletal.2021, author = {Mohan, Nijanthan and Groß, Rolf Fritz and Menzel, Karsten and Theis, Fabian}, title = {Opportunities and Challenges in the Implementation of Building Information Modeling for Prefabrication of Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Systems in Small and Medium-Sized Contracting Companies in Germany - A Case Study}, series = {WIT Transactions on The Built Environment, Vol. 205}, booktitle = {WIT Transactions on The Built Environment, Vol. 205}, publisher = {WIT Press}, address = {Southampton}, issn = {1743-3509}, doi = {10.2495/BIM210101}, pages = {117 -- 126}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Even though BIM (Building Information Modelling) is successfully implemented in most of the world, it is still in the early stages in Germany, since the stakeholders are sceptical of its reliability and efficiency. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the opportunities and obstacles to implementing BIM for prefabrication. Among all other advantages of BIM, prefabrication is chosen for this paper because it plays a vital role in creating an impact on the time and cost factors of a construction project. The project stakeholders and participants can explicitly observe the positive impact of prefabrication, which enables the breakthrough of the scepticism factor among the small-scale construction companies. The analysis consists of the development of a process workflow for implementing prefabrication in building construction followed by a practical approach, which was executed with two case studies. It was planned in such a way that, the first case study gives a first-hand experience for the workers at the site on the BIM model so that they can make much use of the created BIM model, which is a better representation compared to the traditional 2D plan. The main aim of the first case study is to create a belief in the implementation of BIM Models, which was succeeded by the execution of offshore prefabrication in the second case study. Based on the case studies, the time analysis was made and it is inferred that the implementation of BIM for prefabrication can reduce construction time, ensures minimal wastes, better accuracy, less problem-solving at the construction site. It was observed that this process requires more planning time, better communication between different disciplines, which was the major obstacle for successful implementation. This paper was carried out from the perspective of small and medium-sized mechanical contracting companies for the private building sector in Germany.}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoSekiSutoetal.2018, author = {Miyamoto, Koichiro and Seki, Kosuke and Suto, Takeyuki and Werner, Frederik and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo}, title = {Improved spatial resolution of the chemical imaging sensor with a hybrid illumination that suppresses lateral diffusion of photocarriers}, series = {Sensor and Actuators B: Chemical}, volume = {273}, journal = {Sensor and Actuators B: Chemical}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0925-4005}, doi = {10.1016/j.snb.2018.07.016}, pages = {1328 -- 1333}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The chemical imaging sensor is a semiconductor-based chemical sensor capable of visualizing pH and ion distributions. The spatial resolution depends on the lateral diffusion of photocarriers generated by illumination of the semiconductor substrate. In this study, two types of optical setups, one based on a bundle of optical fibers and the other based on a binocular tube head, were developed to project a hybrid illumination of a modulated light beam and a ring-shaped constant illumination onto the sensor plate. An improved spatial resolution was realized by the ring-shaped constant illumination, which suppressed lateral diffusion of photocarriers by enhanced recombination due to the increased carrier concentration.}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoYoshidaSakaietal.2011, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Yoshida, Midori and Sakai, Taito and Matsuzaka, Atsushi and Wagner, Torsten and Kanoh, Sanoh and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Differential setup of light-addressable potentiometric sensor with an enzyme reactor in a flow channel}, series = {Japanese Journal of Applied Physics. 50 (2011)}, journal = {Japanese Journal of Applied Physics. 50 (2011)}, publisher = {Japan Society of Applied Physics}, address = {Bristol}, isbn = {0021-4922}, pages = {04DL08-1 -- 04DL08-5}, year = {2011}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoWagnerYoshinobuetal.2011, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Wagner, Torsten and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo and Kanoh, Shin`ichiro and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Phase-mode LAPS and its application to chemical imaging}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 154 (2011), H. 1}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 154 (2011), H. 1}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, isbn = {1873-3077}, pages = {28 -- 32}, year = {2011}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoWagnerYoshinobuetal.2011, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Wagner, Torsten and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo and Kanoh, Shin`ichiro and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Phase-mode operation of FDM-LAPS}, series = {Sensor letters}, volume = {9}, journal = {Sensor letters}, number = {2}, publisher = {American Scientific Publishers}, address = {Stevenson Ranch, Calif.}, isbn = {1546-1971}, pages = {691 -- 694}, year = {2011}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoWagnerMimuraetal.2011, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Wagner, Torsten and Mimura, Shuhei and Kanoh, Shin{\´i}chiro and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Constant-phase-mode operation of the light-addressable potentiometric sensor}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 154 (2011), H. 2}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 154 (2011), H. 2}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, isbn = {1873-3077}, pages = {119 -- 123}, year = {2011}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoWagnerMimuraetal.2009, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Wagner, Torsten and Mimura, Shuhei and Kanoh, Shin`ichiro and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Constant-phase-mode operation of the light-addressable potentiometric sensor}, series = {Procedia Chemistry. 1 (2009), H. 1}, journal = {Procedia Chemistry. 1 (2009), H. 1}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, isbn = {1876-6196}, pages = {1487 -- 1490}, year = {2009}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MiyamotoSutoWerneretal.2017, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Suto, Takeyuki and Werner, Frederik and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo}, title = {Restraining the Diffusion of Photocarriers to Improve the Spatial Resolution of the Chemical Imaging Sensor}, series = {MDPI Proceedings}, volume = {1}, booktitle = {MDPI Proceedings}, number = {4}, doi = {10.3390/proceedings1040477}, pages = {4 Seiten}, year = {2017}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoSugawaraKanohetal.2010, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Sugawara, Yuri and Kanoh, Shin´ichiro and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Image correction method for the chemical imaging sensor}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 144 (2010), H. 2}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 144 (2010), H. 2}, pages = {344 -- 348}, year = {2010}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoSatoAbeetal.2016, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-Ichiro and Sato, Takuya and Abe, Minami and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo}, title = {Light-addressable potentiometric sensor as a sensing element in plug-based microfluidic devices}, series = {Micromachines}, volume = {7}, journal = {Micromachines}, number = {7}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2072-666X}, doi = {10.3390/mi7070111}, pages = {111}, year = {2016}, abstract = {A plug-based microfluidic system based on the principle of the light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) is proposed. The LAPS is a semiconductor-based chemical sensor, which has a free addressability of the measurement point on the sensing surface. By combining a microfluidic device and LAPS, ion sensing can be performed anywhere inside the microfluidic channel. In this study, the sample solution to be measured was introduced into the channel in a form of a plug with a volume in the range of microliters. Taking advantage of the light-addressability, the position of the plug could be monitored and pneumatically controlled. With the developed system, the pH value of a plug with a volume down to 400 nL could be measured. As an example of plug-based operation, two plugs were merged in the channel, and the pH change was detected by differential measurement.}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoKanekoMatsuoetal.2012, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Kaneko, Kazumi and Matsuo, Akira and Wagner, Torsten and Kanoh, Shin{\´i}chiro and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo}, title = {Miniaturized chemical imaging sensor system using an OLED display panel}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical}, volume = {170}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0925-4005}, doi = {10.1016/j.snb.2011.02.029}, pages = {82 -- 87}, year = {2012}, abstract = {The chemical imaging sensor is a semiconductor-based chemical sensor that can visualize the two-dimensional distribution of specific ions or molecules in the solution. In this study, we developed a miniaturized chemical imaging sensor system with an OLED display panel as a light source that scans the sensor plate. In the proposed configuration, the display panel is placed directly below the sensor plate and illuminates the back surface. The measured area defined by illumination can be arbitrarily customized to fit the size and the shape of the sample to be measured. The waveform of the generated photocurrent, the current-voltage characteristics and the pH sensitivity were investigated and pH imaging with this miniaturized system was demonstrated.}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoKanekoMatsuoetal.2010, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Kaneko, Kazumi and Matsuo, Akira and Wagner, Torsten and Kanoh, Shin`ichiro and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo}, title = {Miniaturized chemical imaging sensor system using an OLED display panel}, series = {Procedia Engineering. 5 (2010)}, journal = {Procedia Engineering. 5 (2010)}, isbn = {1877-7058}, pages = {516 -- 519}, year = {2010}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoItabashiWagneretal.2014, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Itabashi, Akinori and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo}, title = {High-speed chemical imaging inside a microfluidic channel}, series = {Sensors and actuators. B: Chemical}, volume = {194}, journal = {Sensors and actuators. B: Chemical}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1873-3077 (E-Journal); 0925-4005 (Print)}, doi = {10.1016/j.snb.2013.12.090}, pages = {521 -- 527}, year = {2014}, abstract = {In this study, a high-speed chemical imaging system was developed for visualization of the interior of a microfluidic channel. A microfluidic channel was constructed on the sensor surface of the light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS), on which the ion concentrations could be measured in parallel at up to 64 points illuminated by optical fibers. The temporal change of pH distribution inside the microfluidic channel was recorded at a maximum rate of 100 frames per second (fps). The high frame rate allowed visualization of moving interfaces and plugs in the channel even at a flow velocity of 111 mm/s, which suggests the feasibility of plug-based microfluidic devices for flow-injection analysis (FIA).}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoIchimuraWagneretal.2013, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Ichimura, Hiroki and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo}, title = {Chemical imaging of the concentration profile of ion diffusion in a microfluidic channel}, series = {Sensors and actuators. B: Chemical}, volume = {189}, journal = {Sensors and actuators. B: Chemical}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1873-3077 (E-Journal); 0925-4005 (Print)}, doi = {10.1016/j.snb.2013.04.057}, pages = {240 -- 245}, year = {2013}, abstract = {The chemical imaging sensor is a device to visualize the spatial distribution of chemical species based on the principle of LAPS (light-addressable potentiometric sensor), which is a field-effect chemical sensor based on semiconductor. In this study, the chemical imaging sensor has been applied to investigate the ion profile of laminar flows in a microfluidic channel. The chemical images (pH maps) were collected in a Y-shaped microfluidic channel while injecting HCl and NaCl solutions into two branches. From the chemical images, it was clearly observed that the injected solutions formed laminar flows in the channel. In addition, ion diffusion across the laminar flows was observed, and the diffusion coefficient could be derived by fitting the pH profiles to the Fick's equation.}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoHirayamaWagneretal.2013, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Hirayama, Yuji and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo}, title = {Visualization of enzymatic reaction in a microfluidic channel using chemical imaging sensor}, series = {Electrochimica acta}, journal = {Electrochimica acta}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1873-3859 (E-Journal); 0013-4686 (Print)}, pages = {Publ. online}, year = {2013}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoHayashiSakamotoetal.2017, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Hayashi, Kosuke and Sakamoto, Azuma and Werner, Frederik and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo}, title = {A high-Q resonance-mode measurement of EIS capacitive sensor by elimination of series resistance}, series = {Sensor and Actuators B: Chemical}, volume = {248}, journal = {Sensor and Actuators B: Chemical}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0925-4005}, doi = {10.1016/j.snb.2017.03.002}, pages = {1006 -- 1010}, year = {2017}, abstract = {An EIS capacitive sensor is a semiconductor-based potentiometric sensor, which is sensitive to the ion concentration or pH value of the solution in contact with the sensing surface. To detect a small change in the ion concentration or pH, a small capacitance change must be detected. Recently, a resonance-mode measurement was proposed, in which an inductor was connected to the EIS capacitive sensor and the resonant frequency was correlated with the pH value. In this study, the Q factor of the resonant circuit was enhanced by canceling the internal resistance of the reference electrode and the internal resistance of the inductor coil with the help of a bypass capacitor and a negative impedance converter, respectively. 1\% variation of the signal in the developed system corresponded to a pH change of 3.93 mpH, which was about 1/12 of the conventional method, suggesting a better performance in detection of a small pH change.}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoBingWagneretal.2015, author = {Miyamoto, Ko-ichiro and Bing, Yu and Wagner, Torsten and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Visualization of Defects on a Cultured Cell Layer by Utilizing Chemical Imaging Sensor}, series = {Procedia Engineering}, volume = {120}, journal = {Procedia Engineering}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1877-7058}, doi = {10.1016/j.proeng.2015.08.806}, pages = {936 -- 939}, year = {2015}, abstract = {The chemical imaging sensor is a field-effect sensor which is able to visualize both the distribution of ions (in LAPS mode) and the distribution of impedance (in SPIM mode) inthe sample. In this study, a novel wound-healing assay is proposed, in which the chemical imaging sensor operated in SPIM mode is applied to monitor the defect of a cell layer brought into proximity of the sensing surface.A reduced impedance inside the defect, which was artificially formed ina cell layer, was successfully visualized in a photocurrent image.}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoWagnerSchoeningetal.2011, author = {Miyamoto, K. and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Yoshinobu, T.}, title = {Multi-well structure for cell culture on the chemical imaging sensor}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {New York}, pages = {2130 -- 2132}, year = {2011}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoSekiWagneretal.2014, author = {Miyamoto, K. and Seki, K. and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Yoshinobu, T.}, title = {Enhancement of the spatial resolution of the chemical imaging sensor by a hybrid fiber-optic illumination}, series = {Procedia Engineering}, volume = {87}, journal = {Procedia Engineering}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1877-7058}, doi = {10.1016/j.proeng.2014.11.563}, pages = {612 -- 615}, year = {2014}, abstract = {The chemical imaging sensor, which is based on the principle of the light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS), is a powerful tool to visualize the spatial distribution of chemical species on the sensor surface. The spatial resolution of this sensor depends on the diffusion of photocarriers excited by a modulated light. In this study, a novel hybrid fiber-optic illumination was developed to enhance the spatial resolution. It consists of a modulated light probe to generate a photocurrent signal and a ring of constant light, which suppresses the lateral diffusion of minority carriers excited by the modulated light. It is demonstrated that the spatial resolution was improved from 92 μm to 68 μm.}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoKuwabaraKanohetal.2009, author = {Miyamoto, K. and Kuwabara, Yohei and Kanoh, Shin'ichiro and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Chemical image scanner based on FDM-LAPS}, series = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 137 (2009), H. 2}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 137 (2009), H. 2}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, isbn = {0925-4005}, pages = {533 -- 538}, year = {2009}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamotoIchimuraWagneretal.2012, author = {Miyamoto, K. and Ichimura, H. and Wagner, Torsten and Yoshinobu, T. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Chemical Imaging of ion Diffusion in a Microfluidic Channel}, series = {Procedia Engineering}, journal = {Procedia Engineering}, number = {47}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1877-7058}, doi = {10.1016/j.proeng.2012.09.289}, pages = {886 -- 889}, year = {2012}, abstract = {The chemical imaging sensor is a chemical sensor which is capable of visualizing the spatial distribution of chemical species in sample solution. In this study, a novel measurement system based on the chemical imaging sensor was developed to observe the inside of a Y-shaped microfluidic channel while injecting two sample solutions from two branches. From the collected chemical images, it was clearly observed that the injected solutions formed laminar flows in the microfluidic channel. In addition, ion diffusion across the laminar flows was observed. This label-free method can acquire quantitative data of ion distribution and diffusion in microfluidic devices, which can be used to determine the diffusion coefficients, and therefore, the molecular weights of chemical species in the sample solution.}, language = {en} } @article{MiyamatoSakakitaWagneretal.2015, author = {Miyamato, Ko-ichiro and Sakakita, Sakura and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Yoshinobu, Tatsuo}, title = {Application of chemical imaging sensor to in-situ pH imaging in the vicinity of a corroding metal surface}, series = {Electrochimica Acta}, volume = {183}, journal = {Electrochimica Acta}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0013-4686}, doi = {10.1016/j.electacta.2015.07.184}, pages = {137 -- 142}, year = {2015}, abstract = {The chemical imaging sensor was applied to in-situ pH imaging of the solution in the vicinity of a corroding surface of stainless steel under potentiostatic polarization. A test piece of polished stainless steel was placed on the sensing surface leaving a narrow gap filled with artificial seawater and the stainless steel was corroded under polarization. The pH images obtained during polarization showed correspondence between the region of lower pH and the site of corrosion. It was also found that the pH value in the gap became as low as 2 by polarization, which triggered corrosion.}, language = {en} } @article{MistlerButenwegMeskouris2006, author = {Mistler, Michael and Butenweg, Christoph and Meskouris, Konstantin}, title = {Modelling methods of historic masonry buildings under seismic excitation}, series = {Journal of seismology}, volume = {Volume 10}, journal = {Journal of seismology}, number = {No. 4}, issn = {1383-4649 (Print) ; 1573-157X (E-Journal)}, doi = {10.1007/s10950-006-9033-z}, pages = {497 -- 510}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MistlerButenweg2005, author = {Mistler, Michael and Butenweg, Christoph}, title = {A seismic design procedure for masonry buildings}, series = {Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering Computing : [Rome, Italy, 30. August - 2. September 2005] / ed. by B. H. V. Topping}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering Computing : [Rome, Italy, 30. August - 2. September 2005] / ed. by B. H. V. Topping}, publisher = {Civil-Comp Press}, address = {Stirling}, organization = {International Conference on Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering Computing <10, 2005, Rome>}, isbn = {1-905088-00-0}, doi = {10.4203/ccp.81.193}, pages = {465 -- 467}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @article{MistlerAnthoineButenweg2007, author = {Mistler, Michael and Anthoine, A. and Butenweg, Christoph}, title = {In-plane and out-of-plane homogenisation of masonry}, series = {Computers \& structures}, volume = {Volume 85}, journal = {Computers \& structures}, number = {Issues 17-18}, issn = {1879-2243 (E-Journal); 0045-7949 (Print)}, doi = {10.1016/j.compstruc.2006.08.087}, pages = {1321 -- 1330}, year = {2007}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MistlerButenwegAnthoine2004, author = {Mistler, M. and Butenweg, Christoph and Anthoine, A.}, title = {Evaluation of the failure criterion for masonry by homogenisation}, series = {Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Computational Structures Technology : [Lisbon, Portugal, 7 - 9 September 2004] / ed. by B. H. V. Topping and C.A. Mota Soares}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Computational Structures Technology : [Lisbon, Portugal, 7 - 9 September 2004] / ed. by B. H. V. Topping and C.A. Mota Soares}, publisher = {Civil-Comp Press}, address = {Stirling}, organization = {International Conference on Computational Structures Technology <7, 2004, Lissabon>}, isbn = {0-948749-95-4}, doi = {10.4203/ccp.79.201}, pages = {16 Seiten}, year = {2004}, language = {en} } @article{Mischke2009, author = {Mischke, Winfried}, title = {Kurzkommentierung der \S\S 433, 436, 446 - 453, 474 - 479 BGB}, series = {LexisNexis : Elektronische Ressource / Recht (2009)}, journal = {LexisNexis : Elektronische Ressource / Recht (2009)}, year = {2009}, language = {en} } @article{Mischke1995, author = {Mischke, Winfried}, title = {Die Garantie im Kaufrecht}, series = {Betriebs-Berater. 50 (1995), H. 22}, journal = {Betriebs-Berater. 50 (1995), H. 22}, isbn = {0340-7918}, pages = {1093 -- 1096}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MilkovaRosinButenwegetal.2018, author = {Milkova, Kristina and Rosin, Julia and Butenweg, Christoph and Dumova-Jovanoska, Elena}, title = {Development of Seismic Vulnerability Curves for Region Specific Masonry Buildings}, series = {16th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Thessaloniki, 18-21 June, 2018}, booktitle = {16th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Thessaloniki, 18-21 June, 2018}, pages = {1 -- 10}, year = {2018}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MilkovaButenwegDumovaJovanoska2020, author = {Milkova, Kristina and Butenweg, Christoph and Dumova-Jovanoska, Elena}, title = {Methodology for development of seismic vulnerability curve for existing unreinforced Masonry buildings}, series = {Proceedings of the 17th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 17th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering}, pages = {13 Seiten}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Seismic behavior of an existing unreinforced masonry building built pre-modern code, located in the City of Ohrid, Republic of North Macedonia has been investigated in this paper. The analyzed school building is selected as an archetype in an ongoing project named "Seismic vulnerability assessment of existing masonry structures in Republic of North Macedonia (SeismoWall)". Two independent segments were included in this research: Seismic hazard assessment by creating a cite specific response spectra and Seismic vulnerability definition by creating a region - specific series of vulnerability curves for the chosen building topology. A reliable Seismic Hazard Assessment for a selected region is a crucial point for performing a seismic risk analysis of a characteristic building class. In that manner, a scenario - based method that incorporates together the knowledge of tectonic style of the considered region, the active fault characterization, the earth crust model and the historical seismicity named Neo Deterministic approach is used for calculation of the response spectra for the location of the building. Variations of the rupturing process are taken into account in the nucleation point of the rupture, in the rupture velocity pattern and in the istribution of the slip on the fault. The results obtained from the multiple scenarios are obtained as an envelope of the response spectra computed for the cite using the procedure Maximum Credible Seismic Input (MCSI). Capacity of the selected building has been determined by using nonlinear static analysis. MINEA software (SDA Engineering) was used for verification of the structural safety of the chosen unreinforced masonry structure. In the process of optimization of the number of samples, computational cost required in a Monte Carlo simulation is significantly reduced since the simulation is performed on a polynomial response surface function for prediction of the structural response. Performance point, found as the intersection of the capacity of the building and the spectra used, is chosen as a response parameter. Five levels of damage limit states based on the capacity curve of the building are defined in dependency on the yield displacement and the maximum displacement. Maximum likelihood estimation procedure is utilized in the process of vulnerability curves determination. As a result, region specific series of vulnerability curves for the chosen type of masonry structures are defined. The obtained probabilities of exceedance a specific damage states as a result from vulnerability curves are compared with the observed damages happened after the earthquake in July 2017 in the City of Ohrid, North Macedonia.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MilkovaButenwegDumovaJovanoska2021, author = {Milkova, Kristina and Butenweg, Christoph and Dumova-Jovanoska, Elena}, title = {Region-sensitive comprehensive procedure for determination of seismic fragility curves}, series = {1st Croatian Conference on Earthquake Engineering 1CroCEE}, booktitle = {1st Croatian Conference on Earthquake Engineering 1CroCEE}, publisher = {University of Zagreb}, address = {Zagreb}, doi = {10.5592/CO/1CroCEE.2021.158}, pages = {121 -- 128}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Seismic vulnerability estimation of existing structures is unquestionably interesting topic of high priority, particularly after earthquake events. Having in mind the vast number of old masonry buildings in North Macedonia serving as public institutions, it is evident that the structural assessment of these buildings is an issue of great importance. In this paper, a comprehensive methodology for the development of seismic fragility curves of existing masonry buildings is presented. A scenario - based method that incorporates the knowledge of the tectonic style of the considered region, the active fault characterization, the earth crust model and the historical seismicity (determined via the Neo Deterministic approach) is used for calculation of the necessary response spectra. The capacity of the investigated masonry buildings has been determined by using nonlinear static analysis. MINEA software (SDA Engineering) is used for verification of the structural safety of the structures Performance point, obtained from the intersection of the capacity of the building and the spectra used, is selected as a response parameter. The thresholds of the spectral displacement are obtained by splitting the capacity curve into five parts, utilizing empirical formulas which are represented as a function of yield displacement and ultimate displacement. As a result, four levels of damage limit states are determined. A maximum likelihood estimation procedure for the process of fragility curves determination is noted as a final step in the proposed procedure. As a result, region specific series of vulnerability curves for structures are defined.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MilijašŠakićMarinkovićetal.2022, author = {Milijaš, Aleksa and Šakić, Bogdan and Marinković, Marko and Butenweg, Christoph and Gams, Matija and Klinkel, Sven}, title = {Effects of prior in-plane damage on out-of-plane response of masonry infills with openings}, series = {The Third European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology}, booktitle = {The Third European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology}, editor = {Arion, Cristian and Scupin, Alexandra and Ţigănescu, Alexandru}, isbn = {978-973-100-533-1}, pages = {2747 -- 2756}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Masonry infill walls are the most traditional enclosure system that is still widely used in RC frame buildings all over the world, particularly in seismic active regions. Although infill walls are usually neglected in seismic design, during an earthquake event they are subjected to in-plane and out-of-plane forces that can act separately or simultaneously. Since observations of damage to buildings after recent earthquakes showed detrimental effects of in-plane and out-of-plane load interaction on infill walls, the number of studies that focus on influence of in-plane damage on out-of-plane response has significantly increased. However, most of the xperimental campaigns have considered only solid infills and there is a lack of combined in-plane and out-of-plane experimental tests on masonry infills with openings, although windows and doors strongly affect seismic performance. In this paper, two types of experimental tests on infills with window openings are presented. The first is a pure out-of-plane test and the second one is a sequential in-plane and out-of-plane test aimed at investigating the effects of existing in-plane damage on outof-plane response. Additionally, findings from two tests with similar load procedure that were carried out on fully infilled RC frames in the scope of the same project are used for comparison. Test results clearly show that window opening increased vulnerability of infills to combined seismic actions and that prevention of damage in infills with openings is of the utmost importance for seismic safety.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MilijašŠakićMarinkovićetal.2021, author = {Milijaš, Aleksa and Šakić, Bogdan and Marinković, Marko and Butenweg, Christoph}, title = {Experimental investigation of behaviour of masonry infilled RC frames under out-of-plane loading}, series = {Proceedings of COMPDYN 2021}, booktitle = {Proceedings of COMPDYN 2021}, editor = {Papadrakakis, Manolis and Fragiadakis, Michalis}, publisher = {National Technical University of Athens}, address = {Athen}, isbn = {978-618-85072-5-8}, issn = {2623-3347}, doi = {10.7712/120121.8528.18914}, pages = {829 -- 846}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Masonry infills are commonly used as exterior or interior walls in reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures and they can be encountered all over the world, including earthquake prone regions. Since the middle of the 20th century the behaviour of these non-structural elements under seismic loading has been studied in numerous experimental campaigns. However, most of the studies were carried out by means of in-plane tests, while there is a lack of out-of-plane experimental investigations. In this paper, the out-of-plane tests carried out on full scale masonry infilled frames are described. The results of the out-of-plane tests are presented in terms of force-displacement curves and measured out-of-plane displacements. Finally, the reliability of existing analytical approaches developed to estimate the out-of-plane strength of masonry infills is examined on presented experimental results.}, language = {en} } @article{MikulicsMarsoCamaraMayorgaetal.2005, author = {Mikulics, M. and Marso, M. and C{\´a}mara Mayorga, I. and Gusten, R. and Stancek, S. and Michael, E. A. and Schieder, R. and Wolter, M. and Buca, D. and F{\"o}rster, Arnold and Kordos, P. and L{\"u}th, H.}, title = {Photomixers fabricated on nitrogen-ion-implanted GaAs}, series = {Applied physics letters. 87 (2005)}, journal = {Applied physics letters. 87 (2005)}, pages = {041106-1 -- 041106-3}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @article{MikulicsCamaraHardtetal.2004, author = {Mikulics, M. and Camara, I. and Hardt, A. van der and Fox, A. and F{\"o}rster, Arnold and Gusten, R. and L{\"u}th, H. and Kordos, P.}, title = {Generation of THz radiation by photomixing in low-temperature-grown MBE GaAs}, series = {Fifth International Conference on Advanced Semiconductor Devices and Microsystems : conference proceedings ; Smolenice Castle, Slovakia, October 17 - 21, 2004 / [organizers: Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava and Microelectronics Department, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava]. Ed. by J. Osvald}, journal = {Fifth International Conference on Advanced Semiconductor Devices and Microsystems : conference proceedings ; Smolenice Castle, Slovakia, October 17 - 21, 2004 / [organizers: Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava and Microelectronics Department, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava]. Ed. by J. Osvald}, publisher = {IEEE Operations Center}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, isbn = {0-7803-8335-7}, pages = {231 -- 234}, year = {2004}, language = {en} } @article{MikulicsAdamKordosetal.2005, author = {Mikulics, M. and Adam, R. and Kordos, P. and F{\"o}rster, Arnold and L{\"u}th, H. and Wu, S. and Zheng, X. and Sobolewski, R.}, title = {Ultrafast low-temperature-grown epitaxial GaAs photodetectors transferred on flexible plastic substrates}, series = {IEEE photonics technology letters : IEEE PTL. 17 (2005), H. 8}, journal = {IEEE photonics technology letters : IEEE PTL. 17 (2005), H. 8}, isbn = {1041-1135}, pages = {1725 -- 1727}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @article{MikielewiczKotliarBarraqueretal.2011, author = {Mikielewicz, Marek and Kotliar, Konstantin and Barraquer, Rafael I. and Michael, Ralph}, title = {Air-pulse corneal applanation signal curve parameters for the characterisation of keratoconus}, series = {British Journal of Ophthalmology (eBJO)}, volume = {95}, journal = {British Journal of Ophthalmology (eBJO)}, number = {6}, publisher = {BMJ Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {1468-2079}, pages = {793 -- 798}, year = {2011}, language = {en} } @article{MiciliValterOflazetal.2013, author = {Micili, Serap C. and Valter, Markus and Oflaz, Hakan and Ozogul, Candan and Linder, Peter and F{\"o}ckler, Nicole and Artmann, Gerhard and Digel, Ilya and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l}, title = {Optical coherence tomography : a potential tool to predict premature rupture of fetal membranes}, series = {Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H : Journal of engineering in medicine}, volume = {Vol. 227}, journal = {Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H : Journal of engineering in medicine}, number = {No. 4}, publisher = {Sage}, address = {London}, issn = {0046-2039 (Print) ; 2041-3033 (E-Journal)}, pages = {393 -- 401}, year = {2013}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MichelRosinButenwegetal.2020, author = {Michel, Philipp and Rosin, Julia and Butenweg, Christoph and Klinkel, Sven}, title = {Soil-dependent earthquake spectra in the analysis of liquid-storage-tanks on compliant soil}, series = {Seismic design of industrial facilities 2020}, booktitle = {Seismic design of industrial facilities 2020}, publisher = {Apprimus Verlag}, address = {Aachen}, isbn = {978-3-86359-729-0}, pages = {245 -- 254}, year = {2020}, abstract = {A further development of the Added-Mass-Method allows the combined representation of the effects of both soil-structure-interaction and fluid-structure interaction on a liquid-filled-tank in one model. This results in a practical method for describing the dynamic fluid pressure on the tank shell during joint movement. The fluid pressure is calculated on the basis of the tank's eigenform and the earthquake acceleration and represented by additional masses on the shell. The bearing on compliant ground is represented by replacement springs, which are calculated dependent on the local soil composition. The influence of the shear modulus of the compliant soil is clearly visible in the pressure curves and the stress distribution in the shell. The acceleration spectra are also dependent on soil stiffness. According to Eurocode-8 the acceleration spectra are determined for fixed soil-classes, instead of calculating the accelerations for each site in direct dependence on the soil composition. This leads to unrealistic sudden changes in the system's response. Therefore, earthquake spectra are calculated for different soil models in direct dependence of the shear modulus. Thus, both the acceleration spectra and the replacement springs match the soil composition. This enables a reasonable and consistent calculation of the system response for the actual conditions at each site.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MichelButenwegKlinkel2018, author = {Michel, Philipp and Butenweg, Christoph and Klinkel, Sven}, title = {Frequency Dependent Impedance Analysis of the Foundation-Soil-Systems of Onshore Wind Turbines}, series = {16th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Thessaloniki, 18-21 June, 2018}, booktitle = {16th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Thessaloniki, 18-21 June, 2018}, pages = {1 -- 13}, year = {2018}, language = {en} } @article{MichelButenwegKinkel2018, author = {Michel, Philipp and Butenweg, Christoph and Kinkel, Sven}, title = {Pile-grid foundations of onshore wind turbines considering soil-structure-interaction under seismic loading}, series = {Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering}, volume = {109}, journal = {Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0267-7261}, doi = {10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.03.009}, pages = {299 -- 311}, year = {2018}, abstract = {In recent years, many onshore wind turbines are erected in seismic active regions and on soils with poor load bearing capacity, where pile grids are inevitable to transfer the loads into the ground. In this contribution, a realistic multi pile grid is designed to analyze the dynamics of a wind turbine tower including frequency dependent soil-structure-interaction. It turns out that different foundations on varying soil configurations heavily influence the vibration response. While the vibration amplitude is mostly attenuated, certain unfavorable combinations of structure and soil parameters lead to amplification in the range of the system's natural frequencies. This testifies the need for overall dynamic analysis in the assessment of the dynamic stability and the holistic frequency tuning of the turbines.}, language = {en} } @article{MichauxMatternKallweit2018, author = {Michaux, F. and Mattern, P. and Kallweit, Stephan}, title = {RoboPIV: how robotics enable PIV on a large industrial scale}, series = {Measurement Science and Technology}, volume = {29}, journal = {Measurement Science and Technology}, number = {7}, publisher = {IOP}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {1361-6501}, doi = {10.1088/1361-6501/aab5c1}, pages = {074009}, year = {2018}, abstract = {This work demonstrates how the interaction between particle image velocimetry (PIV) and robotics can massively increase measurement efficiency. The interdisciplinary approach is shown using the complex example of an automated, large scale, industrial environment: a typical automotive wind tunnel application. Both the high degree of flexibility in choosing the measurement region and the complete automation of stereo PIV measurements are presented. The setup consists of a combination of three robots, individually used as a 6D traversing unit for the laser illumination system as well as for each of the two cameras. Synchronised movements in the same reference frame are realised through a master-slave setup with a single interface to the user. By integrating the interface into the standard wind tunnel management system, a single measurement plane or a predefined sequence of several planes can be requested through a single trigger event, providing the resulting vector fields within minutes. In this paper, a brief overview on the demands of large scale industrial PIV and the existing solutions is given. Afterwards, the concept of RoboPIV is introduced as a new approach. In a first step, the usability of a selection of commercially available robot arms is analysed. The challenges of pose uncertainty and importance of absolute accuracy are demonstrated through comparative measurements, explaining the individual pros and cons of the analysed systems. Subsequently, the advantage of integrating RoboPIV directly into the existing wind tunnel management system is shown on basis of a typical measurement sequence. In a final step, a practical measurement procedure, including post-processing, is given by using real data and results. Ultimately, the benefits of high automation are demonstrated, leading to a drastic reduction in necessary measurement time compared to non-automated systems, thus massively increasing the efficiency of PIV measurements.}, language = {en} } @article{MichalakNacerddinePietersenetal.2013, author = {Michalak, Ewa Malgorzata and Nacerddine, Karim and Pietersen, Alexandra and Beuger, Vincent and Pawlitzky, Inka and Cornelissen-Steijger, Paulien and Wientjens, Ellen and Tanger, Ellen and Seibler, Jost and Lohuizen, Maarten van and Jonkers, Jos}, title = {Polycomb group gene Ezh2 regulates mammary gland morphogenesis and maintains the luminal progenitor pool}, series = {Stem Cells}, volume = {Vol 31}, journal = {Stem Cells}, number = {9}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {1549-4918}, doi = {10.1002/stem.1437}, pages = {1910 -- 1920}, year = {2013}, language = {en} } @article{MichaelMayerWeberetal.2017, author = {Michael, Hackl and Mayer, Katharina and Weber, Mareike and Staat, Manfred and van Riet, Roger and Burkhart, Klau Josef and M{\"u}ller, Lars Peter and Wegmann, Kilian}, title = {Plate osteosynthesis of proximal ulna fractures : a biomechanical micromotion analysis}, series = {The journal of hand surgery}, volume = {42}, journal = {The journal of hand surgery}, number = {10}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0363-5023}, doi = {10.1016/j.jhsa.2017.05.014}, pages = {834.e1 -- 834.e7}, year = {2017}, language = {en} } @article{MeyerStorkHoeckerBerndt1992, author = {Meyer-Stork, L. Sebastian and H{\"o}cker, Hartwig and Berndt, Heinz}, title = {Syntheses and reactions of urethanes of cellobiose and cellulose-containing uretdione groups}, series = {Journal of applied polymer science}, volume = {44}, journal = {Journal of applied polymer science}, number = {6}, issn = {1097-4628}, pages = {1043 -- 1049}, year = {1992}, language = {en} } @article{MeyerGranrathFeyerletal.2021, author = {Meyer, Max-Arno and Granrath, Christian and Feyerl, G{\"u}nter and Richenhagen, Johannes and Kaths, Jakob and Andert, Jakob}, title = {Closed-loop platoon simulation with cooperative intelligent transportation systems based on vehicle-to-X communication}, series = {Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory}, volume = {106}, journal = {Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory}, number = {Art. 102173}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1569-190X}, doi = {10.1016/j.simpat.2020.102173}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{MeyerHentschkeHageretal.2017, author = {Meyer, Jan and Hentschke, Reinhard and Hager, Jonathan and Hojdis, Nils and Karimi-Varzaneh, Hossein Ali}, title = {Molecular Simulation of Viscous Dissipation due to Cyclic Deformation of a Silica-Silica Contact in Filled Rubber}, series = {Macromolecules}, volume = {50}, journal = {Macromolecules}, number = {17}, issn = {1520-5835}, doi = {10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00947}, pages = {6679 -- 6689}, year = {2017}, language = {en} } @article{MeyerGaalenLeschingeretal.2019, author = {Meyer, Carolin and Gaalen, Kerstin van and Leschinger, Tim and Scheyerer, Max J. and Neiss, Wolfram F. and Staat, Manfred and M{\"u}ller, Lars P. and Wegmann, Kilian}, title = {Kyphoplasty of Osteoporotic Fractured Vertebrae: A Finite Element Analysis about Two Types of Cement}, series = {BioMed Research International}, journal = {BioMed Research International}, doi = {10.1155/2019/9232813}, pages = {Article ID 9232813}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MeskourisHoltschoppenButenwegetal.2011, author = {Meskouris, Konstantin and Holtschoppen, Britta and Butenweg, Christoph and Rosin, Julia}, title = {Seismic analysis of liquid storage tanks}, series = {Earthquake Geology and Archaeology: Science, Society and Critical facilities : proceedings ; 2nd INQUA-IGCP 567 International Workshop on Active Tectonics, Earthquake Geology, Archaeology and Engineering ; 19-24 September 2011, Corinth (Greece) / Eds.: C. Gr{\"u}tzner ; R. P{\´e}rez-Lopez ; T. Fern{\´a}ndez Steeger ; I. Papanikolaou ; K. Reicherter ; P. G. Silva ; A. V{\"o}tt. Volume 2}, booktitle = {Earthquake Geology and Archaeology: Science, Society and Critical facilities : proceedings ; 2nd INQUA-IGCP 567 International Workshop on Active Tectonics, Earthquake Geology, Archaeology and Engineering ; 19-24 September 2011, Corinth (Greece) / Eds.: C. Gr{\"u}tzner ; R. P{\´e}rez-Lopez ; T. Fern{\´a}ndez Steeger ; I. Papanikolaou ; K. Reicherter ; P. G. Silva ; A. V{\"o}tt. Volume 2}, publisher = {The Natural hazards Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens}, address = {Athens}, organization = {International Workshop on Active Tectonics, Earthquake Geology, Archaeology and Engineering <2, 2011, Corinth>}, isbn = {978-960-466-093-3}, pages = {136 -- 139}, year = {2011}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MeskourisHollerButenwegetal.2009, author = {Meskouris, Konstantin and Holler, Stefan and Butenweg, Christoph and Meiners, Daniel}, title = {A multiphase model with hypoplastic formulation of the solid phase and its application to earthquake engineering problems}, series = {Computational structural dynamics and earthquake engineering / ed. by Manolis Papadrakakis .... (Structures and infrastructures series ; 2)}, booktitle = {Computational structural dynamics and earthquake engineering / ed. by Manolis Papadrakakis .... (Structures and infrastructures series ; 2)}, publisher = {CRC Press}, address = {Boca Raton, Fla. [u.a.]}, isbn = {978-0-415-45261-8}, doi = {10.1201/9780203881637.ch19}, pages = {293 -- 308}, year = {2009}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MeskourisButenwegMistleretal.2004, author = {Meskouris, Konstantin and Butenweg, Christoph and Mistler, Michael and Kuhlmann, Wolfram}, title = {Seismic behaviour of historic masonry buildings}, series = {7th National Congress on Mechanics : Chania, Crete, June 24 - 26, 2004 ; proceedings / ed. A. Kounadis ....}, booktitle = {7th National Congress on Mechanics : Chania, Crete, June 24 - 26, 2004 ; proceedings / ed. A. Kounadis ....}, publisher = {Hellenic Society for Theoretical and Applied Mechanics}, address = {Chania}, organization = {National Congress on Mechanics <7, 2004, Chania, Crete>}, pages = {47 -- 49}, year = {2004}, language = {en} } @incollection{MeskourisButenwegKalkeretal.2007, author = {Meskouris, Konstantin and Butenweg, Christoph and Kalker, Ines and Mistler, Michael}, title = {Numerical simulation of historic masonry buildings}, series = {Antike Erdbeben im alpinen und zirkumalpinen Raum : Befunde und Probleme in arch{\"a}ologischer, historischer und seismologischer Sicht ; Beitr{\"a}ge des Interdisziplin{\"a}ren Workshops Schloss Hohenkammer, 14./15. Mai 2004 = Earthquakes in antiquity in the alpine and circum-alpine region / Gerhard H. Waldherr ; Anselm Smolka (Hrsg.) (Geographica Historica ; 24)}, booktitle = {Antike Erdbeben im alpinen und zirkumalpinen Raum : Befunde und Probleme in arch{\"a}ologischer, historischer und seismologischer Sicht ; Beitr{\"a}ge des Interdisziplin{\"a}ren Workshops Schloss Hohenkammer, 14./15. Mai 2004 = Earthquakes in antiquity in the alpine and circum-alpine region / Gerhard H. Waldherr ; Anselm Smolka (Hrsg.) (Geographica Historica ; 24)}, publisher = {Franz Steiner Verlag}, address = {Stuttgart}, isbn = {978-3-515-09030-8 ; 3-515-09030-4}, pages = {171 -- 189}, year = {2007}, language = {en} } @incollection{MeskourisButenwegHinzenetal.2019, author = {Meskouris, Konstantin and Butenweg, Christoph and Hinzen, Klaus-G. and H{\"o}ffer, R{\"u}diger}, title = {Stochasticity of Wind Processes and Spectral Analysis of Structural Gust Response}, series = {Structural Dynamics with Applications in Earthquake and Wind Engineering}, booktitle = {Structural Dynamics with Applications in Earthquake and Wind Engineering}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-662-57550-5 (Online)}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-662-57550-5_3}, pages = {153 -- 196}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Wind loads have great impact on many engineering structures. Wind storms often cause irreparable damage to the buildings which are exposed to it. Along with the earthquakes, wind represents one of the most common environmental load on structures and is relevant for limit state design. Modern wind codes indicate calculation procedures allowing engineers to deal with structural systems, which are susceptible to conduct wind-excited oscillations. In the codes approximate formulas for wind buffeting are specified which relate the dynamic problem to rather abstract parameter functions. The complete theory behind is not visible in order to simplify the applicability of the procedures. This chapter derives the underlying basic relations of the spectral method for wind buffeting and explains the main important applications of it in order to elucidate part of the theoretical background of computations after the new codes. The stochasticity of the wind processes is addressed, and the analysis of analytical as well as measurement based power spectra is outlined. Short MATLAB codes are added to the Appendix 3 which carry out the computation of a single sided auto-spectrum from a statistically stationary, discrete stochastic process. Two examples are presented.}, language = {en} } @book{MeskourisButenwegHinzenetal.2019, author = {Meskouris, Konstantin and Butenweg, Christoph and Hinzen, Klaus-G. and H{\"o}ffer, R{\"u}diger}, title = {Structural Dynamics with Applications in Earthquake and Wind Engineering}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin, Heidelberg}, isbn = {978-3-662-57550-5}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-662-57550-5}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @book{MertensVeldenKelmetal.2000, author = {Mertens, Josef and Velden, Alexander van der and Kelm, Roland and Kokan, David}, title = {Application of MDO to large subsonic transport aircraft}, publisher = {American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics}, address = {Reston, Va.}, pages = {12 S. : zahlr. Ill. u. graph. Darst.}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @misc{MertensLajain2002, author = {Mertens, Josef and Lajain, Henri}, title = {Method of fabricating leading edge nose structures of aerodynamic surfaces : patent no.: US 6,415,510 B2 ; date of patent: Jul. 9, 2002}, publisher = {United States Patent and Trademark Office}, address = {[Washington, DC]}, pages = {12 S. : Ill.}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @article{MertensKlevenhusenJakob1987, author = {Mertens, Josef and Klevenhusen, K. D. and Jakob, H.}, title = {Accurate Transonic Wave Drag Prediction Using Simple Physical Models}, series = {AIAA-Journal. 25 (1987), H. 6}, journal = {AIAA-Journal. 25 (1987), H. 6}, isbn = {0001-1452}, pages = {799 -- 805}, year = {1987}, language = {en} } @article{MertensHenke2001, author = {Mertens, Josef and Henke, Rolf}, title = {Adaptive technologies for future civil air transport}, series = {Air \& Space Europe. 3 (2001), H. 3-4}, journal = {Air \& Space Europe. 3 (2001), H. 3-4}, isbn = {1247-5793}, pages = {80 -- 82}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @incollection{MertensBecker1989, author = {Mertens, Josef and Becker, K.}, title = {Numerical solution of flow equations : an aircraft designer's view}, series = {Nonlinear hyperbolic equations - theory, computation methods, and applications : proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Nonlinear Hyperbolic Problems, Aachen, FRG, March 14 to 18, 1988. - (Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics ; 24)}, booktitle = {Nonlinear hyperbolic equations - theory, computation methods, and applications : proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Nonlinear Hyperbolic Problems, Aachen, FRG, March 14 to 18, 1988. - (Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics ; 24)}, editor = {Ballmann, Josef}, publisher = {Vieweg}, address = {Braunschweig}, isbn = {3-528-08098-1}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-322-87869-4_41}, pages = {403 -- 412}, year = {1989}, abstract = {Today the most accurate and cost effective industrial codes used in aircraft design are based on the full potential equation coupled with boundary layer equations. However, these are not capable to solve complicated three-dimensional problems of vortical flows and shocks. On the other hand Euler and Navier-Stokes codes are too expensive and not accurate enough for design purposes, especially in regard of drag and interference prediction. The reasons for these deficiencies are investigated and a way to overcome them by future developments is demonstrated.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Mertens1997, author = {Mertens, Josef}, title = {Required aerodynamic technologies}, series = {New design concepts for high speed air transport. - (Courses and lectures / International Centre for Mechanical Sciences ; 366)}, booktitle = {New design concepts for high speed air transport. - (Courses and lectures / International Centre for Mechanical Sciences ; 366)}, editor = {Sobieczky, H.}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Wien [u.a.]}, isbn = {3-2118-2815-X}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-7091-2658-5_5}, pages = {69 -- 96}, year = {1997}, abstract = {In the preceeding chapters on "Son of Concorde, a Technology Challenge" and "Aerodynamic Multipoint Design Challenge" it was explained, that a well balanced contribution of new technologies in all major disciplines is required for realisation of a new Supersonic Commercial Transport (SCT). One of these technologies - usually one of the most important for aircraft-is aerodynamics. Here, the required "pure" aerodynamic technologies are specified in more detail, according to our present knowledge. Increasing insight into the problems may change the balance of importance of the individual technologies and may require some more contributions. We must never confine our knowledge to the knowledge base of an expert at a given time, but must stay open for new insights.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Mertens1997, author = {Mertens, Josef}, title = {Certification of supersonic civil transports}, series = {New design concepts for high speed air transport. - (Courses and lectures / International Centre for Mechanical Sciences ; 366)}, booktitle = {New design concepts for high speed air transport. - (Courses and lectures / International Centre for Mechanical Sciences ; 366)}, editor = {Sobieczky, H.}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Wien [u.a.]}, isbn = {3-2118-2815-X}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-7091-2658-5_6}, pages = {97 -- 103}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Since certification of Concorde new certification standards were introduced including many new regulations to improve flight safety. Most of these standards are to prevent severe accidents in the future which happened in the past (here: after Concorde's certification). A new SCT has to fulfill these standards, although Concorde had none of these accidents. But accidents - although they sometimes occurred only for a specific aircraft type - have to be avoided for any (new) aircraft. Because of existing aircraft without typical accident types having demonstrated their reliability, they are allowed to go on based on their old certification; although sometimes new rules prevent accident types which are not connected to specific aircraft types - like e.g. evacuation rules. Anyway, Concorde is allowed to fly based on its old certification, and hopefully in the future will fly as safely as in the past. But a new SCT has to fulfill updated rules like any other aircraft, and it has to be "just another aircraft" [75].}, language = {en} } @incollection{Mertens1997, author = {Mertens, Josef}, title = {Supersonic laminar flow}, series = {New design concepts for high speed air transport. - (Courses and lectures / International Centre for Mechanical Sciences ; 366)}, booktitle = {New design concepts for high speed air transport. - (Courses and lectures / International Centre for Mechanical Sciences ; 366)}, editor = {Sobieczky, H.}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Wien [u.a.]}, isbn = {3-2118-2815-X}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-7091-2658-5_18}, pages = {275 -- 290}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Supersonic transports are very drag sensitive. Technology to reduce drag by application of laminar flow, therefore, will be important; it is a prerequisite to achieve very long range capability. In earlier studies it was assumed that SCTs would only become possible by application of laminar flow [376]. But today, we request an SCT to be viable without application of laminar flow in order to maintain its competitiveness when laminar flow becomes available for subsonic and supersonic transports. By reducing fuel burned, laminar flow drag reduction reduces size and weight of the aircraft, or increases range capability -whereas otherwise size and weight would grow towards infinity. Transition mechanisms from laminar to turbulent state of the boundary layer flow (ALT, CFI, TSI) function as for transonic transports, but at more severe conditions: higher sweep angles, cooled surfaces; higher mode instabilities (HMI) must at least be taken into account, although they may not become important below Mach 3. Hitherto there is a worldwide lack of ground test facilities to investigate TSI at the expected cruise Mach numbers between 1.6 and 2.4; in Stuttgart, Germany one such facility -a Ludwieg tube- is still in the validation phase. A quiet Ludwieg tunnel could be a favourable choice for Europe. But it will require a new approach in designing aircraft which includes improved theoretical predictions, usage of classical wind tunnels for turbulent flow and flight tests for validation.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Mertens1997, author = {Mertens, Josef}, title = {Son of Concorde, a technology challenge}, series = {New design concepts for high speed air transport. - (Courses and lectures / International Centre for Mechanical Sciences ; 366)}, booktitle = {New design concepts for high speed air transport. - (Courses and lectures / International Centre for Mechanical Sciences ; 366)}, editor = {Sobieczky, H.}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Wien [u.a.]}, isbn = {3-2118-2815-X}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-7091-2658-5_3}, pages = {31 -- 51}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Concorde (Figure 9) is the only supersonic airliner which has been introduced into regular passenger service. It is still in service at British Airways and Air France without any flight accidents, and probably will stay in service for at least for ten more years.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Mertens1997, author = {Mertens, Josef}, title = {Aerodynamic multi point design challenge}, series = {New design concepts for high speed air transport.- (Courses and lectures / International Centre for Mechanical Sciences ; 366)}, booktitle = {New design concepts for high speed air transport.- (Courses and lectures / International Centre for Mechanical Sciences ; 366)}, editor = {Sobieczky, H.}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Wien [u.a.]}, isbn = {3-2118-2815-X}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-7091-2658-5_4}, pages = {53 -- 67}, year = {1997}, abstract = {In the chapter "Son of Concorde, a Technology Challenge" one of the new challenges for a Supersonic Commercial Transport (SCT) is multi-point design for the four main design points: - supersonic cruise - transonic cruise - take-off and landing - transonic acceleration.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Mertens2001, author = {Mertens, Josef}, title = {Next steps envisaged to improve wing performance of commercial aircraft}, series = {Aerodynamic drag reduction technologies : proceedings of the CEAS/DragNet European Drag Reduction Conference, 19-21 June 2000, Potsdam, Germany. - (Notes on numerical fluid mechanics ; 76)}, booktitle = {Aerodynamic drag reduction technologies : proceedings of the CEAS/DragNet European Drag Reduction Conference, 19-21 June 2000, Potsdam, Germany. - (Notes on numerical fluid mechanics ; 76)}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin [u.a.]}, isbn = {3-540-41911-X (Print)}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-540-45359-8_26}, pages = {246 -- 255}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @incollection{Mertens1997, author = {Mertens, Josef}, title = {Reduction of aerodynamic drag (RaWid)-Status after the first year of the program}, series = {New results in numerical and experimental fluid mechanics. - (Notes on numerical fluid mechanics ; 60)}, booktitle = {New results in numerical and experimental fluid mechanics. - (Notes on numerical fluid mechanics ; 60)}, publisher = {Vieweg}, address = {Braunschweig [u.a.]}, isbn = {3-528-06960-0}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-322-86573-1_2}, pages = {7 -- 14}, year = {1997}, abstract = {The technology programme "Reduction of aerodynamic drag (RaWid)" for high speed aerodynamics at Daimler-Benz Aerospace Airbus is sponsered by the German ministry for education, research and technology since July 1, 1995. Connected to this industrial programme are the cooperation programmes "MEGAFLOW" under leadership of the DLR and "Transition" by the DFG, and several contributions by DLR and universities. The programme is oriented towards technologies required for a MEGALINER which gains momentum by the ambitious plans for a new large Airbus A3XX. In the first year new technological steps were undertaken in theory, design and experiment. Some critical steps were verified by wing designs checked in wind tunnel tests.}, language = {en} } @article{Mertens1998, author = {Mertens, Josef}, title = {Required technologies for supersonic aircraft}, series = {Fluid dynamics research on supersonic aircraft : this report is a compilation of the edited proceedings of the special course on "Fluid dynamic research on supersonic aircraft" held at the Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics (VKI) in Rhode-Saint-Genese, Belgium, 25-29 May 1998}, journal = {Fluid dynamics research on supersonic aircraft : this report is a compilation of the edited proceedings of the special course on "Fluid dynamic research on supersonic aircraft" held at the Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics (VKI) in Rhode-Saint-Genese, Belgium, 25-29 May 1998}, publisher = {Research and Technology Organization}, address = {Neuilly-sur-Seine}, isbn = {92-837-1007-X}, pages = {5.1 -- 5.16}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{Mertens1998, author = {Mertens, Josef}, title = {Multi point design challenges for supersonic transports}, series = {Fluid dynamics research on supersonic aircraft : this report is a compilation of the edited proceedings of the special course on "Fluid dynamics research on supersonic aircraft" held at the Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics (VKI) in Rhode-Saint-Genese, Belgium, 25-29 May 1998}, journal = {Fluid dynamics research on supersonic aircraft : this report is a compilation of the edited proceedings of the special course on "Fluid dynamics research on supersonic aircraft" held at the Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics (VKI) in Rhode-Saint-Genese, Belgium, 25-29 May 1998}, publisher = {Research and Technology Organization}, address = {Neuilly-sur-Seine}, isbn = {92-837-1007-X}, pages = {8.1 -- 8.12}, year = {1998}, language = {en} }