@article{KernKaiser1995,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Kaiser, Ludwig},
  title     = {Auswirkungen des EMVG auf leittechnische Einrichtungen in großfl{\"a}chigen Industrieanlagen / von Ludwig Kaiser ; Alexander Kern},
  series = {ETZ : Elektrotechnik + Automation. 116 (1995), H. 9},
  journal   = {ETZ : Elektrotechnik + Automation. 116 (1995), H. 9},
  isbn      = {0170-1711},
  pages     = {16 -- 18},
  year      = {1995},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{KernImaniVashianiTimmermanns2021,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Imani Vashiani, Anahita and Timmermanns, Tobias},
  title     = {Threat for human beings due to touch voltages and body currents caused by direct lightning strikes in case of non-isolated lightning protection systems using natural components},
  series = {35th International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP) and XVI International Symposium on Lightning Protection (SIPDA)},
  booktitle = {35th International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP) and XVI International Symposium on Lightning Protection (SIPDA)},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  isbn      = {978-1-6654-2346-5},
  doi       = {10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627465},
  pages     = {8 Seiten},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {For typical cases of non-isolated lightning protection systems (LPS) the impulse currents are investigated which may flow through a human body directly touching a structural part of the LPS. Based on a basic LPS model with conventional down-conductors especially the cases of external and internal steel columns and metal fa{\c{c}}ades are considered and compared. Numerical simulations of the line quantities voltages and currents in the time domain are performed with an equivalent circuit of the entire LPS. As a result it can be stated that by increasing the number of conventional down-conductors and external steel columns the threat for a human being can indeed be reduced, but not down to an acceptable limit. In case of internal steel columns used as natural down-conductors the threat can be reduced sufficiently, depending on the low-resistive connection of the steel columns to the lightning equipotential bonding or the earth termination system, resp. If a metal fa{\c{c}}ade is used the threat for human beings touching is usually very low, if the fa{\c{c}}ade is sufficiently interconnected and multiply connected to the lightning equipotential bonding or the earth termination system, resp.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KernHeidlerZischanketal.2002,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Heidler, Fridolin and Zischank, Wolfgang J. and Frentzel, Ralf},
  title     = {Lightning current distribution and coupling to control cables in power plants or large industrial facilites},
  year      = {2002},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KernHeidlerZahlmannetal.1993,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Heidler, Fridolin and Zahlmann, P. and Zischank, Wolfgang J.},
  title     = {Blitzschutz},
  series = {ETZ : Elektrotechnik + Automation. 114 (1993), H. 2},
  journal   = {ETZ : Elektrotechnik + Automation. 114 (1993), H. 2},
  isbn      = {0170-1711},
  year      = {1993},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{KernHeidlerSeeversetal.2004,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Heidler, Fridolin and Seevers, M. and Zischank, Wolfgang J.},
  title     = {Magnetic Fields and Induced Voltages in case of a Direct Strike - Comparison of Results obtained from Measurements at a Scaled Building to those of IEC 62305-4},
  isbn      = {0304-3886},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {In the paper the results obtained from experiments at a modelled reinforced building in case of a direct lightning strike are compared with calculations. The comparison includes peak values of the magnetic field Hmax, its derivative (dH/dt)max and of induced voltages umax in typical cable routings. The experiments are performed at a 1:6 scaled building and the results are extrapolated using the similarity relations theory. The calculations are based on the approximate formulae given in IEC 62305-4 and have to be supplemented by a rough estimation of the additional shielding effect of a second reinforcement layer. The comparison shows, that the measured peak values of the magnetic field and its derivative are mostly lower than the calculated. The induced voltages are in good agreement. Hence, calculations of the induced voltages based on IEC 62305-4 are a good method for lightning protection studies of buildings, where the reinforcement is used as a grid-like electromagnetic shield.},
  subject      = {Blitz},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KernHeidlerZischank1998,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Heidler, F. and Zischank, W.},
  title     = {Induced overvoltages in cable ducts taking into account the current flow into earth / F. Heidler ; W. Zischank ... A. Kern ...},
  series = {Conference proceedings : 14th - 18th September 1998, [Burlington Hotel, Birmingham, United Kingdom] / organised by: School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Staffordshire University, United Kingdom},
  journal   = {Conference proceedings : 14th - 18th September 1998, [Burlington Hotel, Birmingham, United Kingdom] / organised by: School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Staffordshire University, United Kingdom},
  address   = {Birmingham},
  year      = {1998},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KernHasseWiesingeretal.1991,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Hasse, P. and Wiesinger, J. and Zischank, Wolfgang J.},
  title     = {Aktuelles aus der Blitzforschung},
  series = {ETZ : Elektrotechnik + Automation. 112 (1991), H. 1},
  journal   = {ETZ : Elektrotechnik + Automation. 112 (1991), H. 1},
  isbn      = {0170-1711},
  year      = {1991},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KernFrentzelBehrens2010,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Frentzel, Ralf and Behrens, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Simulation of the transient voltages in the auxiliary power network of a large power plant in case of a direct lightning strike to the high-voltage overhead transmission line},
  pages     = {749-1 -- 749-7},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KernDrumm1994,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Drumm, F.},
  title     = {Survey of the lightning threat for aircraft based on natural lightning data and fixed in the German Standard DIN VG 95371 / Part 10},
  series = {Proceedings of the 1994 International Aerospace and Ground Conference on Lightning and Static Electricity : May 14 - 27, 1994, Bundesakademie f{\"u}r Wehrverwaltung und Wehrtechnik Mannheim ; final report / [conference chairman Jan Luiken TerHaseborg]},
  journal   = {Proceedings of the 1994 International Aerospace and Ground Conference on Lightning and Static Electricity : May 14 - 27, 1994, Bundesakademie f{\"u}r Wehrverwaltung und Wehrtechnik Mannheim ; final report / [conference chairman Jan Luiken TerHaseborg]},
  publisher = {Bundesakad. f{\"u}r Wehrverwaltung und Wehrtechnik},
  address   = {Mannheim},
  pages     = {IX, 492 S : Ill., graph. Darst},
  year      = {1994},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KernDiktaKrichel2007,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Dikta, Gerhard and Krichel, Frank},
  title     = {Zur Wahrscheinlichkeit f{\"u}r Sch{\"a}den an elektrischen und elektronischen Einrichtungen durch indirekte Blitzeinschl{\"a}ge - Auswertung von Schadensstatistiken, analytischen und numerischen Berechnungen},
  series = {7. VDE-ABB-Blitzschutztagung : Vortr{\"a}ge der VDE-ABB-Fachtagung vom 15. bis 16. November 2007 in Neu-Ulm / Veranst.: Ausschuss f{\"u}r Blitzschutz und Blitzforschung (ABB) im VDE, Verband der Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Informationstechnik e.V. Wiss. Tagungsltg.: K. Stimper},
  journal   = {7. VDE-ABB-Blitzschutztagung : Vortr{\"a}ge der VDE-ABB-Fachtagung vom 15. bis 16. November 2007 in Neu-Ulm / Veranst.: Ausschuss f{\"u}r Blitzschutz und Blitzforschung (ABB) im VDE, Verband der Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Informationstechnik e.V. Wiss. Tagungsltg.: K. Stimper},
  publisher = {VDE-Verl.},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-8007-3062-9},
  pages     = {1 -- 9},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{KernDikta2009,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Dikta, Gerhard},
  title     = {Probability of damage of electrical and electronic systems due to indirect lightning flashes - investigation of data from German insurance companies},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {In the presented paper data collected from the field related to damage statistics of electrical and electronic apparatus in household are reported and investigated. These damages (total number approx. 74000 cases), registered by five German insurance companies in 2005 and 2006, were adviced by customers as caused by lightning overvoltages. With the use of stochastical methods it is possible, to reasses the collected data and to distinguish between cases, which are with high probability caused by lightning overvoltages, and those, which are not. If there was an indication for a direct strike, this case was excluded, so the focus was only on indirect lightning flashes, i.e. only flashes to ground near the structure and flashes to or nearby an incoming service line were investigated. The data from the field contain the location of damaged apparatus (residence of the policy holder) and the distances of the nearest cloud-to-ground stroke to the location of the damage registered by the German lightning location network BLIDS at the date of damage. The statistical data along with some complementary numerical simulations allow to verify the correspondence of the Standards rules used for IEC 62305-2 with the field data and to define some correction needs. The results could lead to a better understanding whether a damage reported to an insurance company is really caused by indirect lightning, or not.},
  subject      = {Blitzschutz},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KernDikta2008,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Dikta, Gerhard},
  title     = {Bewerten von Sch{\"a}den durch Blitzeinwirkungen},
  series = {Elektropraktiker. 62 (2008), H. 4},
  journal   = {Elektropraktiker. 62 (2008), H. 4},
  isbn      = {0013-5569},
  pages     = {338 -- 342},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{KernBrocke2017,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Brocke, Ralph},
  title     = {Planung von Fangeinrichtungen mit dem dynamischen elektro-geometrischen Modell - M{\"o}gliche praktische Anwendungen},
  series = {12. VDE/ABB-Blitzschutztagung : Beitr{\"a}ge der 12. VDE/ABB-Fachtagung, 12.-13. Oktober 2017, Aschaffenburg},
  booktitle = {12. VDE/ABB-Blitzschutztagung : Beitr{\"a}ge der 12. VDE/ABB-Fachtagung, 12.-13. Oktober 2017, Aschaffenburg},
  isbn      = {978-3-8007-4459-6},
  pages     = {75 -- 82},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KernBraun2013,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Braun, Christian},
  title     = {Neuerungen bei der Blitzschutznorm. Teil 2},
  series = {etz Elektrotechnik und Automation},
  volume    = {Bd. 134},
  journal   = {etz Elektrotechnik und Automation},
  number    = {H. 8},
  publisher = {VDE-Verlag},
  address   = {Wuppertal},
  issn      = {0170-1711},
  pages     = {66 -- 69},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{KernBraun2014,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Braun, Christian},
  title     = {Risk management according to IEC 62305-2 edition 2: 2010-12 assessment of structures with a risk of explosion},
  series = {2014 International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP), Shanghai, China},
  booktitle = {2014 International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP), Shanghai, China},
  organization    = {International Conference on Lightning Protection <2014, Shanghai>},
  pages     = {1237 -- 1242},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Risk management for structures with a risk of explosion should be considered very carefully when performing a risk analysis according to IEC 62305-2. In contrast to the 2006 edition of the standard, the 2010 edition describes the topic "Structures with a risk of explosion" in more detail. Moreover, in Germany separate procedures and parameters are defined for the risk analysis of structures with a risk of explosion (Supplement 3 of the German DIN EN 62305-2 standard). This paper describes the contents and the relevant calculations of this Supplement 3, together with a numerical example.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KernBeierlZischank2009,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Beierl, Ottmar and Zischank, Wolfgang},
  title     = {Calculation of the separation distance according to IEC 62305-3: 2006-10 - Remarks for the application and simplified methods},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {[Paper of the X International Symposium on Lightning Protection 9th - 13th November, 2009 - Curitiba, Brazil. 6 pages] The international standard IEC 62305-3, published in 2006, requires as an integral part of the lightning protection system (LPS) the consideration of a separation distance between the conductors of the LPS and metal and electrical installations inside the structure to be protected. IEC 62305-3 gives two different methods for this calculation: a standard, simplified approach and a more detailed approach, which differ especially regarding the treatment of the current sharing effect on the LPS conductors. Hence, different results for the separation distance are possible, leading to some discrepancies in the use of the standard. The standard approach defined in the main part (Clause 6.3) and in Annex C of the standard in some cases may lead to a severe oversizing of the required separation distance. The detailed approach described in Annex E naturally gives more correct results. However, a calculation of the current sharing amongst all parts of the air-termination and downconductor network is necessary, in many cases requiring the use of network analysis programs. In this paper simplified methods for the assessment of the current sharing are presented, which are easy to use as well as sufficiently adequate.},
  subject      = {Blitzschutz},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KernBeierlZischank2009,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Beierl, O. and Zischank, W.},
  title     = {DIN EN 62 305-3 - Berechnung des Trennungsabstands (Anmerkungen zur Anwendung der Berechnungsverfahren und vereinfachte Verfahren zur Absch{\"a}tzung der Stromaufteilung) / Kern, A. ; Beierl, O. ; Zischank, W.},
  series = {Elektropraktiker. 63 (2009), H. 3},
  journal   = {Elektropraktiker. 63 (2009), H. 3},
  publisher = {HUSS-MEDIEN GmbH},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {0013-5569},
  pages     = {218 -- 222},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Kern1991,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Simulation and measurement of melting effects on metal sheets caused by direct lightning strikes},
  series = {1991 International Aerospace and Ground Conference on Lightning and Static Electricity : proceedings of a conference ... held at Cocoa Beach, Florida, April 16-19, 1991 / NASA},
  journal   = {1991 International Aerospace and Ground Conference on Lightning and Static Electricity : proceedings of a conference ... held at Cocoa Beach, Florida, April 16-19, 1991 / NASA},
  address   = {Washington, DC},
  year      = {1991},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Kern1990,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {The heating of metal sheets caused by direct lightning strikes-model and measurement},
  series = {20th ICPL / International Conference on Lightning Protection, Congress-Center Casino Interlaken, Switzerland, September 24-28, 1990 = Internationale Blitzschutzkonferenz, Congress-Center Casino Interlaken, Schweiz, 24.-28. September 1990},
  journal   = {20th ICPL / International Conference on Lightning Protection, Congress-Center Casino Interlaken, Switzerland, September 24-28, 1990 = Internationale Blitzschutzkonferenz, Congress-Center Casino Interlaken, Schweiz, 24.-28. September 1990},
  publisher = {Schweizerischer Elektrotechnischer Verein},
  address   = {[Z{\"u}rich]},
  pages     = {[522] S. (getr. Z{\"a}hl.) : Ill.},
  year      = {1990},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{Kern2004,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Blitz- und {\"U}berspannungsschutz f{\"u}r Anlagen der regenerativen Energietechnik},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen, Abt. J{\"u}lich},
  address   = {Aachen},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Kern1998,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Beispiele f{\"u}r EMV-Maßnahmen in großfl{\"a}chigen Anlagen},
  series = {EMV von Geb{\"a}uden, Anlagen und Ger{\"a}ten : praktische Umsetzung der technischen, wirtschaftlichen und gesetzlichen Anforderungen f{\"u}r die CE-Kennzeichnung / Anton Kohling (Hrsg.). Gerd Balzer...},
  journal   = {EMV von Geb{\"a}uden, Anlagen und Ger{\"a}ten : praktische Umsetzung der technischen, wirtschaftlichen und gesetzlichen Anforderungen f{\"u}r die CE-Kennzeichnung / Anton Kohling (Hrsg.). Gerd Balzer...},
  publisher = {VDE-Verl.},
  address   = {Berlin [u.a.]},
  isbn      = {3-8007-2261-5},
  pages     = {408 S. : Ill., zahlr. graph. Darst.},
  year      = {1998},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Kern1990,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Theoretische und experimentelle Untersuchung der Erw{\"a}rmung von Metallblechen bei Blitzeinschlag},
  publisher = {Univ. der Bundeswehr},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  pages     = {219 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.},
  year      = {1990},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Kern1989,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Time dependent temperature distribution in metal sheets caused by direct lightning strikes},
  series = {Proceedings / Sixth International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering : 28. August - 1. September, 1989, Westin Canal Place Hotel, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA},
  journal   = {Proceedings / Sixth International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering : 28. August - 1. September, 1989, Westin Canal Place Hotel, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA},
  publisher = {Mississippi State University},
  address   = {Mississippi State, Miss.},
  year      = {1989},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Kern1993,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Physik der Blitzentladung und Blitzstrom-Parameter bei nat{\"u}rlichen Blitzen},
  year      = {1993},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Kern1995,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Blitz-St{\"o}rschutz als Maßnahme der EMV am Beispiel einer ausgedehnten Industrieanlage},
  year      = {1995},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Kern1996,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Blitz-Schutzzonen mit Schirmungen und Schnittstellen},
  series = {Blitzschutz f{\"u}r Geb{\"a}ude und elektrische Anlagen : Vortr{\"a}ge der VDE/ABB-Fachtagung am 29. Februar und 1. M{\"a}rz 1996 in Kassel / Veranst.: Ausschuß Blitzschutz und Blitzforschung (ABB) im VDE-Verband Dt. Elektrotechniker e.V. Wiss. Tagungsleit.: F. Noack. - (Verband Deutscher Elektrotechniker: VDE-Fachbericht ; 49)},
  journal   = {Blitzschutz f{\"u}r Geb{\"a}ude und elektrische Anlagen : Vortr{\"a}ge der VDE/ABB-Fachtagung am 29. Februar und 1. M{\"a}rz 1996 in Kassel / Veranst.: Ausschuß Blitzschutz und Blitzforschung (ABB) im VDE-Verband Dt. Elektrotechniker e.V. Wiss. Tagungsleit.: F. Noack. - (Verband Deutscher Elektrotechniker: VDE-Fachbericht ; 49)},
  publisher = {VDE-Verl.},
  address   = {Berlin [u.a.]},
  isbn      = {3-8007-2161-9},
  pages     = {239 S. : graph. Darst.},
  year      = {1996},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Kern1998,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Ert{\"u}chtigung des Blitzschutzsystems f{\"u}r ein B{\"u}rogeb{\"a}ude auf der Basis von VDE V 0185 Teil 100 (ENV 61024-1) und VDE 0185 Teil 103 (IEC 1312-1)},
  year      = {1998},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Kern2000,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Aktueller Stand zu Risikoabsch{\"a}tzungen bei Blitzeinschl{\"a}gen - Was ist neu in der IEC 61662 Edition 2?},
  year      = {2000},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Kern2007,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Neue deutsche Blitzschutz-Normung. Reihe DIN EN 62305 / VDE 01 85-305-x:2006},
  series = {Der Eisenbahningenieur. 58 (2007), H. 8},
  journal   = {Der Eisenbahningenieur. 58 (2007), H. 8},
  isbn      = {0013-2810},
  pages     = {18 -- 22},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Kern2006,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Die neuen Blitzschutznormen der Reihe DIN EN 62305 (VDE 0185-305-x)},
  series = {ETZ : Elektrotechnik + Automation. 2006 (2006), H. 2},
  journal   = {ETZ : Elektrotechnik + Automation. 2006 (2006), H. 2},
  isbn      = {0170-1711},
  pages     = {42 -- 45},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Kern2009,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {{\"U}berarbeitung der Blitzschutznorm IEC 62305},
  series = {Elektropraktiker. 63 (2009), H. 4},
  journal   = {Elektropraktiker. 63 (2009), H. 4},
  isbn      = {0013-5569},
  pages     = {391 -- 394},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{Kern2013,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Die neue DIN EN 62305-2 (VDE 0185-305-2) Ed.2:2013-02 - {\"A}nderungen zur Ed.l und zugeh{\"o}rige Beibl{\"a}tter},
  series = {10. VDE, VBB-Blitzschutztagung : Vortr{\"a}ge der 10. VDE, ABB-Fachtagung vom 24. bis 25. Oktober 2013 in Neu-Ulm. (VDE-Fachbericht ; 70)},
  booktitle = {10. VDE, VBB-Blitzschutztagung : Vortr{\"a}ge der 10. VDE, ABB-Fachtagung vom 24. bis 25. Oktober 2013 in Neu-Ulm. (VDE-Fachbericht ; 70)},
  publisher = {VDE-Verl.},
  address   = {Berlin},
  organization    = {Blitzschutztagung <10, 2013, Neu-Ulm>},
  isbn      = {978-3-8007-3540-2},
  pages     = {9 -- 16},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{Kern2003,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Absch{\"a}tzung des Blitzschadensrisikos f{\"u}r bauliche Anlagen - Die neue Bestimmung DIN V VDE V 0185 Teil 2 : 2002 - Allgemeines, Absch{\"a}tzungsverfahren, Berechnungsbeispiele},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Ein vorausschauendes Risikomanagement beinhaltet, Risiken f{\"u}r das Unternehmen zu kalkulieren. Es liefert Entscheidungsgrundlagen, um diese Risiken zu begrenzen und es macht transparent, welche Risiken sinnvollerweise {\"u}ber Versicherungen abgedeckt werden sollten. Beim Versicherungsmanagement ist jedoch zu bedenken, dass zur Erreichung bestimmter Ziele Versicherungen nicht immer geeignet sind (z.B. Erhaltung der Lieferf{\"a}higkeit). Eintrittswahrscheinlichkeiten bestimmter Risiken lassen sich durch Versicherungen nicht ver{\"a}ndern. Bei Unternehmen, die mit umfangreichen elektronischen Einrichtungen produzieren oder Dienstleistungen erbringen (und das sind heutzutage wohl die meisten), muss auch das Risiko durch Blitzeinwirkungen besondere Ber{\"u}cksichtigung finden. Dabei ist zu beachten, dass der Schaden aufgrund der Nicht-Verf{\"u}gbarkeit der elektronischen Einrichtungen und damit der Produktion bzw. der Dienstleistung und ggf. der Verlust von Daten den Hardware-Schaden an der betroffenen Anlage oft bei weitem {\"u}bersteigt. Im Blitzschutz gewinnt innovatives Denken in Schadensrisiken langsam an Bedeutung. Risikoanalysen haben die Objektivierung und Quantifizierung der Gef{\"a}hrdung von baulichen Anlagen und ihrer Inhalte durch direkte und indirekte Blitzeinschl{\"a}ge zum Ziel. Seinen Niederschlag hat dieses neue Denken in der neuen deutschen Vornorm DIN V 0185-2 VDE V 0185 Teil 2 [1] gefunden. Die hier vorgegebene Risikoanalyse gew{\"a}hrleistet, dass ein f{\"u}r alle Beteiligten nachvollziehbares Blitzschutz-Konzept erstellt werden kann, das technisch und wirtschaftlich optimiert ist, d.h. bei m{\"o}glichst geringem Aufwand den notwendigen Schutz gew{\"a}hrleisten kann. Die sich aus der Risikoanalyse ergebenden Schutzmaßnahmen sind dann in den weiteren Normenteilen der neuen Reihe VDE V 0185 [2, 3] detailliert beschrieben.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Kern2003,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Risikomanagement f{\"u}r den Blitzschutz - Absch{\"a}tzung des Blitzschadensrisikos nach der neuen Vornorm VDE V 0185 Teil 2 : 2002},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Ein vorausschauendes Risikomanagement beinhaltet, Risiken zu kalkulieren. Es liefert Entscheidungsgrundlagen, um diese Risiken zu begrenzen und es macht transparent,welche Risiken sinnvoll {\"u}ber Versicherungen abgedeckt werden sollten. Bei Unternehmen, die mit umfangreichen elektronischenEinrichtungen produzieren oder Dienstleistungen erbringen (und das sind heutzutage wohl die meisten), muss auch das Risiko durch Blitzeinwirkungen besondere Ber{\"u}cksichtigung finden. Dabei ist zu beachten, dass der Schaden aufgrund der Nichtverf{\"u}gbarkeit der elektronischen Einrichtungen und damit derProduktion bzw. der Dienstleistung und ggf. der Verlust von Daten den Hardwareschaden an der betroffenen Anlage oft bei weitem {\"u}bersteigt.},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{Kern2002,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Risikomanagement : Absch{\"a}tzung des Schadensrisikos f{\"u}r bauliche Anlagen - Die neue Vornorm DIN V VDE V 0185 Teil 2 : 2002},
  year      = {2002},
  abstract  = {Alle Unternehmen sind vielf{\"a}ltigen Risiken ausgesetzt, die Finanz- und Betriebsbereiche einschließlich Dienstleistungen betreffen k{\"o}nnen. Die Firmen m{\"u}ssen {\"u}blicherweise Risiken eingehen, um im Wettbewerb bestehen zu k{\"o}nnen. Entscheidend ist, dass man sich {\"u}ber die Risiken bewusst ist, diese einsch{\"a}tzen und kontrollieren kann. Falsche Einsch{\"a}tzungen, Vers{\"a}umnisse und Fehlentscheidungen k{\"o}nnen empfindliche finanzielle Sch{\"a}den bis hin zum Totalverlust nach sich ziehen. Ein effektives Risikomanagement ist heute als wichtiger Sicherheitsfaktor anzusehen und sollte zur strategischen Unternehmensf{\"u}hrung geh{\"o}ren. Ein vorausschauendes Risikomanagement beinhaltet, Risiken f{\"u}r das Unternehmen zu kalkulieren. Es liefert Entscheidungsgrundlagen, um diese Risiken zu begrenzen und es macht transparent, welche Risiken sinnvollerweise {\"u}ber Versicherungen abgedeckt werden sollten. Beim Versicherungsmanagement ist jedoch zu bedenken, dass zur Erreichung bestimmter Ziele Versicherungen nicht geeignet sind (z.B. Erhaltung der Lieferf{\"a}higkeit). Eintrittswahrscheinlichkeiten bestimmter Risiken lassen sich durch Versicherungen nicht ver{\"a}ndern. Bei Unternehmen, die mit umfangreichen elektronischen Einrichtungen produzieren oder Dienstleistungen erbringen (und das sind heutzutage wohl die meisten), muss auch das Risiko durch Blitzeinwirkungen besondere Ber{\"u}cksichtigung finden. Dabei ist zu beachten, dass der Schaden aufgrund der Nicht-Verf{\"u}gbarkeit der elektronischen Einrichtungen und damit der Produktion bzw. der Dienstleistung und ggf. der Verlust von Daten den Hardware-Schaden an der betroffenen Anlage oft bei weitem {\"u}bersteigt. Im Blitzschutz gewinnt innovatives Denken in Schadensrisiken langsam an Bedeutung. Risikoanalysen haben die Objektivierung und Quantifizierung der Gef{\"a}hrdung von baulichen Anlagen und ihrer Inhalte durch direkte und indirekte Blitzeinschl{\"a}ge zum Ziel. Seinen Niederschlag hat dieses neue Denken in der neuen deutschen Norm DIN V 0185-2 VDE V 0185 Teil 2 gefunden. Die hier vorgegebene Risikoanalyse gew{\"a}hrleistet, dass ein f{\"u}r alle Beteiligten nachvollziehbares Blitzschutz-Konzept erstellt werden kann, das technisch und wirtschaftlich optimiert ist, d.h. bei m{\"o}glichst geringem Aufwand den notwendigen Schutz gew{\"a}hrleisten kann. Die sich aus der Risikoanalyse ergebenden Schutzmaßnahmen sind dann in den weiteren Normenteilen der neuen Reihe VDE V 0185 detailliert beschrieben.},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{Kern2003,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Risikomanagement nach DIN V 0185-2 VDE V 0185 Teil 2: 2002-11 - Einige Beispiele und erste Erfahrungen},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Die neue Vornorm VDE V 0185 Teil 2 „Risikomanagement: Absch{\"a}tzung des Schadensrisikos f{\"u}r bauliche Anlagen" [1] ist seit November 2002 g{\"u}ltig. Sie erm{\"o}glicht nicht nur die Ermittlung der Schutzklasse eines Blitzschutzsystems, sondern auch die Untersuchung zur Notwendigkeit anderer Schutzmaßnahmen gegen Blitzeinwirkungen ({\"U}berspannungsschutzger{\"a}te in Unterverteilern und/oder an Endger{\"a}ten, Schirmung des Geb{\"a}udes und/oder interner R{\"a}ume, Potentialsteuerung, Brandmelde- und Feuerl{\"o}scheinrichtungen, etc.) nach objektiven Kriterien und damit in einer f{\"u}r alle Beteiligten grunds{\"a}tzlich nachvollziehbaren Art und Weise. Dass eine solche Analyse rel. komplex sein muss und der intensiven Besch{\"a}ftigung bedarf, ist deshalb nicht verwunderlich. Die Komplexit{\"a}t des Verfahrens sollte allerdings nicht dazu f{\"u}hren, die Vornorm als Ganzes abzulehnen. Die Vornorm beruht auf dem Stand der Diskussion im internationalen Normengremium IEC TC81 WG9 Ende des Jahres 2000. Integriert wurden einige nationale Besonderheiten, die aus Sicht des zust{\"a}ndigen Normenkomitees DKE K251 erforderlich erschienen. In Deutschland konnten und k{\"o}nnen nun erste breite Erfahrungen in der Anwendung dieser Risikoanalyse gesammelt werden; in anderen L{\"a}ndern ist dies noch nicht m{\"o}glich. Diese Erfahrungen k{\"o}nnen dann, nach Diskussion im nationalen Rahmen, in die internationale Normenarbeit eingebracht werden. Im folgenden Beitrag sollen einige, seit Erscheinen der Vornorm oft wiederkehrende Fragen dargestellt und L{\"o}sungsvorschl{\"a}ge vorgestellt werden. Dabei wird auch auf die Tendenzen im internationalen Normengremium IEC TC81 WG9 eingegangen, d.h. auf den aktuellen Entwurf zur IEC 62305-2 [3]. Die L{\"o}sungsvorschl{\"a}ge werden begr{\"u}ndet, sind allerdings weitestgehend subjektive Meinung des Autors. F{\"u}r {\"u}bliche bauliche Anlagen ist die Anwendung der Vornorm rel. einfach m{\"o}glich. Auch f{\"u}r spezielle F{\"a}lle k{\"o}nnen die darin festgelegten Verfahren herangezogen werden; allerdings sind dann einige weiterf{\"u}hrende {\"U}berlegungen notwendig, die der Planer von Blitzschutzsystemen durchf{\"u}hren muss. Anhand zweier Beispiele soll die Anwendung der VDE V 0185 Teil 2 auf solche speziellen F{\"a}lle dargestellt werden.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Kern2016,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Blitz- und {\"U}berspannungsschutz von Kernkraftwerken - Nachweisf{\"u}hrung der ausreichenden Sicherheit f{\"u}r leittechnische Einrichtungen auch bei Blitzeinschl{\"a}gen mit extremen Parametern},
  series = {Atw. International Journal for Nuclear Power},
  volume    = {61},
  journal   = {Atw. International Journal for Nuclear Power},
  number    = {8/9},
  publisher = {Inforum},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {1431-5254},
  pages     = {534 -- 543},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {F{\"u}r das Auftreten extremer Wetterereignisse werden f{\"u}r Kernkraftwerke Eintrittsh{\"a}ufigkeiten f{\"u}r nicht mehr beherrschbare Zust{\"a}nde von unter 10⁻⁴/a gefordert. Dies gilt auch f{\"u}r die Einwirkung von Blitzeinschl{\"a}gen. Die bisherige Nachweisf{\"u}hrung zu Blitz- und {\"U}berspannungsschutz eines KKW in Deutschland ist deterministisch. In diesem Bericht werden das Vorgehen f{\"u}r einen entsprechenden Nachweis f{\"u}r leittechnische Einrichtungen der Sicherheitstechnik von KKW, der zur geforderten Zielgr{\"o}ße der Eintrittsh{\"a}ufigkeit f{\"u}hrt. Die Ergebnisse werden zusammenfassend bewertet.},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{Kern2017,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Optimierung des Blitzschutzes bei Biogasanlagen},
  series = {12. VDE/ABB-Blitzschutztagung : Beitr{\"a}ge der 12. VDE/ABB-Fachtagung, 12.-13. Oktober 2017, Aschaffenburg},
  booktitle = {12. VDE/ABB-Blitzschutztagung : Beitr{\"a}ge der 12. VDE/ABB-Fachtagung, 12.-13. Oktober 2017, Aschaffenburg},
  isbn      = {978-3-8007-4459-6},
  pages     = {48 -- 56},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KellerRathBruckmannetal.2020,
  author    = {Keller, Johannes and Rath, Volker and Bruckmann, Johanna and Mottaghy, Darius and Clauser, Christoph and Wolf, Andreas and Seidler, Ralf and B{\"u}cker, H. Martin and Klitzsch, Norbert},
  title     = {SHEMAT-Suite: An open-source code for simulating flow, heat and species transport in porous media},
  series = {SoftwareX},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {SoftwareX},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {2352-7110},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.softx.2020.100533},
  pages     = {9},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {SHEMAT-Suite is a finite-difference open-source code for simulating coupled flow, heat and species transport in porous media. The code, written in Fortran-95, originates from geoscientific research in the fields of geothermics and hydrogeology. It comprises: (1) a versatile handling of input and output, (2) a modular framework for subsurface parameter modeling, (3) a multi-level OpenMP parallelization, (4) parameter estimation and data assimilation by stochastic approaches (Monte Carlo, Ensemble Kalman filter) and by deterministic Bayesian approaches based on automatic differentiation for calculating exact (truncation error-free) derivatives of the forward code.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Kaster2009,
  author    = {Kaster, Jan Mathis},
  title     = {Untersuchungen zur Specklereduktion bei der Infrarot-Laser gest{\"u}tzten Ferndetektion von TNT-Oberfl{\"a}chenkontaminationen},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Specklereduktion bei der Infrarotlaser-gest{\"u}tzten abbildenden Ferndetektion von TNT-Oberfl{\"a}chenkontaminationen. F{\"u}r die Detektion wird die Probenoberfl{\"a}che mit einem abstimmbaren Quantenkaskadenlaser bei verschiedenen Wellenzahlen im Spektralbereich von 1340cm-1 bis 1380cm-1 bestrahlt, w{\"a}hrend eine Infrarot-Kamera Bilder der bestrahlten Fl{\"a}che aufzeichnet. Diese Bilder werden dann so verarbeitet, dass im Ausgabebild die chemisch spezifische TNT-Absorption durch eine {\"A}nderung der Helligkeit {\"o}rtlich aufgel{\"o}st erkennbar werden. Da koh{\"a}rente Strahlung, welche beispielsweise an optisch rauen Oberfl{\"a}chen reflektiert wird, aufgrund der stochastischen Verteilung der Oberfl{\"a}chenrautiefe mit der einfallenden Strahlung lateral unterschiedlich interferiert, entsteht ein „Rauschen" in der aufgezeichneten Strahlungsleistungsverteilung, das sog. Speckle-Ph{\"a}nomen. Die Empfindlichkeit der oben skizzierten Lasergest{\"u}tzten Messtechnik wird im Wesentlichen durch diesen Effekt limitiert. Um die durch Laserspeckles verursachten Rauschanteile zu reduzieren, gibt es verschiedene M{\"o}glichkeiten. Durch Reduktion von zeitlicher und r{\"a}umlicher Koh{\"a}renz der Strahlung wird deren Interferenzf{\"a}higkeit reduziert und durch Variieren des Specklemusters w{\"a}hrend einer Bildaufzeichnung f{\"u}hren Mittelungen unkorrelierter Rauschanteile zu einer Specklekontrastreduktion. Letztere M{\"o}glichkeit resultiert daraus, dass Laserspeckles statistisch durch die Familie der Gammaverteilungen beschrieben werden k{\"o}nnen. Demnach verbessert sich das Signal-zu-Rausch-Verh{\"a}ltnis mit der Anzahl gemittelter, unkorrelierter Rauschmuster proportional zur Wurzel dieser Anzahl. Ein im MIR-Spektralbereich umsetzbarer Ansatz, der all diese M{\"o}glichkeiten ber{\"u}cksichtigt, wurde bereits 1971 von Lowenthal und Joyeaux vorgeschlagen und im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit f{\"u}r den infraroten Spektralbereich adaptiert. Dazu wird die Strahlung mit zwei CVD-Diamant-Wafern moduliert; ein Wafer ist dabei station{\"a}r und der andere rotiert mit ca. 70Hz. In der vorliegenden Arbeit konnte mit diesem Ansatz eine Verbesserung des Signal-zu-Rausch-Verh{\"a}ltnisses in der betrachteten Strahlungsleistungs¬verteilung von urspr{\"u}nglich 3 auf etwa 45 erzielt werden. So konnten erstmals TNT-Kontaminationen von bis zu 10µg/cm² in einem Abstand von 5m abbildend nachgewiesen werden. Dies entspricht der Kontamination durch einen mit TNT leicht verunreinigten Fingerabdruck.},
  subject      = {Speckle},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{KasparGroebelKuperjansetal.2013,
  author    = {Kaspar, K. and Groebel, Simone and Kuperjans, Isabel and Dielmann, Klaus-Peter and Selmer, Thorsten},
  title     = {Charakterisierung der Bioz{\"o}nose von Biogasfermentern in Abh{\"a}ngigkeit verschiedener Substrate},
  series = {Biogas 2013 : 6. Innovationskongress, 23. - 24.05.2013, Osnabr{\"u}ck, Tagungsband},
  booktitle = {Biogas 2013 : 6. Innovationskongress, 23. - 24.05.2013, Osnabr{\"u}ck, Tagungsband},
  publisher = {Profair Consult+Project},
  address   = {Hildesheim},
  issn      = {978-3-9813776-3-7},
  pages     = {69 -- 74},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{KarvanekButenwegEbenau2002,
  author    = {Karvanek, Eva and Butenweg, Christoph and Ebenau, Carsten},
  title     = {Bautechnische Pr{\"u}fung und Bau{\"u}berwachung der Arena „Auf Schalke"},
  series = {Berichte der Fachtagung Baustatik - Baupraxis 8 am 21. und 22. M{\"a}rz 2002 in Braunschweig / Hrsg. Dieter Dinkler},
  booktitle = {Berichte der Fachtagung Baustatik - Baupraxis 8 am 21. und 22. M{\"a}rz 2002 in Braunschweig / Hrsg. Dieter Dinkler},
  publisher = {TU Braunschweig, Institut f{\"u}r Statik},
  address   = {Braunschweig},
  organization    = {Fachtagung Baustatik - Baupraxis <8, 2002, Braunschweig>},
  isbn      = {3-926031-95-6},
  pages     = {237 -- 245},
  year      = {2002},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{KarimiButenwegToll2005,
  author    = {Karimi, Iman and Butenweg, Christoph and Toll, Britta},
  title     = {Vulnerability assessment of industrial facilities},
  series = {Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering Computing : [Rome, Italy, 30. August - 2. September 2005] / ed. by B. H. V. Topping},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering Computing : [Rome, Italy, 30. August - 2. September 2005] / ed. by B. H. V. Topping},
  publisher = {Civil-Comp Press},
  address   = {Stirling},
  organization    = {International Conference on Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering Computing <10, 2005, Rome>},
  isbn      = {1-905088-00-0},
  doi       = {10.4203/ccp.81.34},
  pages     = {34, 73 -- 75},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KalkerTollHolleretal.2004,
  author    = {Kalker, Ines and Toll, B. and Holler, Stefan and Butenweg, Christoph and Topping, B. H. V. and Mota Soares, C. A.},
  title     = {Capacity analysis of textile retrofitted unreinforced masonry},
  series = {Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Computational Structures Technology : [Lisbon, Portugal, 7 - 9 September 2004] / ed. by B. H. V. Topping ...},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Computational Structures Technology : [Lisbon, Portugal, 7 - 9 September 2004] / ed. by B. H. V. Topping ...},
  publisher = {Civil-Comp Press},
  address   = {Stirling},
  organization    = {International Conference on Computational Structures Technology <7, 2004, Lissabon>},
  isbn      = {0-948749-95-4},
  doi       = {10.4203/ccp.79.194},
  pages     = {431 -- 432},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KalkerNeumannButenwegetal.2005,
  author    = {Kalker, Ines and Neumann, M. and Butenweg, Christoph and Holler, Stefan},
  title     = {Modelling of textile strengthened masonry},
  series = {Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering Computing : [Rome, Italy, 30. August - 2. September 2005] / ed. by B. H. V. Topping},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering Computing : [Rome, Italy, 30. August - 2. September 2005] / ed. by B. H. V. Topping},
  publisher = {Civil-Comp Press},
  address   = {Stirling},
  organization    = {International Conference on Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering Computing <10, 2005, Rome>},
  isbn      = {1-905088-00-0},
  doi       = {10.4203/ccp.81.184},
  pages     = {447 -- 448},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KahmannRauschPluemeretal.2022,
  author    = {Kahmann, Stephanie L. and Rausch, Valentin and Pl{\"u}mer, Jonathan and M{\"u}ller, Lars P. and Pieper, Martin and Wegmann, Kilian},
  title     = {The automized fracture edge detection and generation of three-dimensional fracture probability heat maps},
  series = {Medical Engineering \& Physics},
  volume    = {2022},
  journal   = {Medical Engineering \& Physics},
  number    = {110},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1350-4533},
  pages     = {7 Seiten},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {With proven impact of statistical fracture analysis on fracture classifications, it is desirable to minimize the manual work and to maximize repeatability of this approach. We address this with an algorithm that reduces the manual effort to segmentation, fragment identification and reduction. The fracture edge detection and heat map generation are performed automatically. With the same input, the algorithm always delivers the same output. The tool transforms one intact template consecutively onto each fractured specimen by linear least square optimization, detects the fragment edges in the template and then superimposes them to generate a fracture probability heat map. We hypothesized that the algorithm runs faster than the manual evaluation and with low (< 5 mm) deviation. We tested the hypothesis in 10 fractured proximal humeri and found that it performs with good accuracy (2.5 mm ± 2.4 mm averaged Euclidean distance) and speed (23 times faster). When applied to a distal humerus, a tibia plateau, and a scaphoid fracture, the run times were low (1-2 min), and the detected edges correct by visual judgement. In the geometrically complex acetabulum, at a run time of 78 min some outliers were considered acceptable. An automatically generated fracture probability heat map based on 50 proximal humerus fractures matches the areas of high risk of fracture reported in medical literature. Such automation of the fracture analysis method is advantageous and could be extended to reduce the manual effort even further.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{JungbluthBorchert2008,
  author    = {Jungbluth, Christian and Borchert, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {M{\"o}glichkeiten der Strompreisbeeinflussung im oligopolistischen Markt},
  series = {ZNER Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Neues Energierecht},
  journal   = {ZNER Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Neues Energierecht},
  number    = {4},
  pages     = {314 -- 323},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{JordanKatzPieper2021,
  author    = {Jordan, Frank and Katz, Christiane and Pieper, Martin},
  title     = {Online-Kollaboration in der Mathematik: Ein Design-Based-Research-Projekt},
  series = {Forschungsimpulse f{\"u}r hybrides Lehren und Lernen an Hochschulen},
  booktitle = {Forschungsimpulse f{\"u}r hybrides Lehren und Lernen an Hochschulen},
  publisher = {TH K{\"o}ln},
  address   = {K{\"o}ln},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:832-cos4-9465},
  pages     = {245 -- 261},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Die Studie er{\"o}rtert anhand eines Fallbeispiels aus der Mathematik f{\"u}r Ingenieur*innen, wie didaktische Gestaltungsprinzipien f{\"u}r Soziale Pr{\"a}senz, Kollaboration und das L{\"o}sen von praxisnahen Problemen mit mathematischem Denken in einer Online-Umgebung aussehen k{\"o}nnen. Hierf{\"u}r zieht der Beitrag den forschungsmethodologischen Rahmen Design-Based Research (DBR) hinzu und berichtet {\"u}ber Zwischenergebnisse. DBR wird an dieser Stelle als eine systematische Herangehensweise an kurzfristige Lehrver{\"a}nderungen und als Chance auf dem Weg zu einer neuen Hochschullehre nach der COVID-19-Pandemie dargestellt, die theoretische und empirische Erkenntnisse mit Praxisverkn{\"u}pfung und -relevanz vereint.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{JildehWagnerSchoeningetal.2015,
  author    = {Jildeh, Zaid B. and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Pieper, Martin},
  title     = {Simulating the electromagnetic-thermal treatment of thin aluminium layers for adhesion improvement},
  series = {Physica status solidi (a)},
  volume    = {Vol. 212},
  journal   = {Physica status solidi (a)},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1862-6319},
  doi       = {10.1002/pssa.201431893},
  pages     = {1234 -- 1241},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {A composite layer material used in packaging industry is made from joining layers of different materials using an adhesive. An important processing step in the production of aluminium-containing composites is the surface treatment and consequent coating of adhesive material on the aluminium surface. To increase adhesion strength between aluminium layer and the adhesive material, the foil is heat treated. For efficient heating, induction heating was considered as state-of-the-art treatment process. Due to the complexity of the heating process and the unpredictable nature of the heating source, the control of the process is not yet optimised. In this work, a finite element analysis of the process was established and various process parameters were studied. The process was simplified and modelled in 3D. The numerical model contains an air domain, an aluminium layer and a copper coil fitted with a magnetic field concentrating material. The effect of changing the speed of the aluminium foil (or rolling speed) was studied with the change of the coil current. Statistical analysis was used for generating a general control equation of coil current with changing rolling speed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{JellinghausGoettscheHoffschmidt2006,
  author    = {Jellinghaus, Sabine and G{\"o}ttsche, Joachim and Hoffschmidt, Bernhard},
  title     = {Beleuchtung mit gesteuertem Farblicht - Bewertung eines Prototypen},
  series = {Zw{\"o}lftes Symposium Innovative Lichttechnik in Geb{\"a}uden : 26./27. Januar 2006, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein / OTTI - Training, Seminare, Tagungen. [Fachliche Gesamtleitung: Claus Steffan. Veranst.: OTTI, Bereich Erneuerbare Energien. Mitveranst.: Architektenkammer Baden-W{\"u}rttemberg, Stuttgart ...] / . - (Wissen f{\"u}r Profis)},
  journal   = {Zw{\"o}lftes Symposium Innovative Lichttechnik in Geb{\"a}uden : 26./27. Januar 2006, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein / OTTI - Training, Seminare, Tagungen. [Fachliche Gesamtleitung: Claus Steffan. Veranst.: OTTI, Bereich Erneuerbare Energien. Mitveranst.: Architektenkammer Baden-W{\"u}rttemberg, Stuttgart ...] / . - (Wissen f{\"u}r Profis)},
  publisher = {OTTI, Bereich Erneuerbare Energien},
  address   = {Regensburg},
  isbn      = {3-934681-43-3},
  pages     = {89 -- 93},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{JablonowskiKollmannNabeletal.2016,
  author    = {Jablonowski, Nicolai David and Kollmann, Tobias and Nabel, Moritz and Damm, Tatjana and Klose, Holger and M{\"u}ller, Michael and Bl{\"a}sing, Marc and Seebold, S{\"o}ren and Krafft, Simone and Kuperjans, Isabel and Dahmen, Markus and Schurr, Ulrich},
  title     = {Valorization of Sida (Sida hermaphrodita) biomass for multiple energy purposes},
  series = {GCB [Global Change Biology] Bioenergy},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {GCB [Global Change Biology] Bioenergy},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1757-1707 (online)},
  doi       = {10.1111/gcbb.12346},
  pages     = {202 -- 214},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The performance and biomass yield of the perennial energy plant Sida hermaphrodita (hereafter referred to as Sida) as a feedstock for biogas and solid fuel was evaluated throughout one entire growing period at agricultural field conditions. A Sida plant development code was established to allow comparison of the plant growth stages and biomass composition. Four scenarios were evaluated to determine the use of Sida biomass with regard to plant development and harvest time: (i) one harvest for solid fuel only; (ii) one harvest for biogas production only; (iii) one harvest for biogas production, followed by a harvest of the regrown biomass for solid fuel; and (iv) two consecutive harvests for biogas production. To determine Sida's value as a feedstock for combustion, we assessed the caloric value, the ash quality, and melting point with regard to DIN EN ISO norms. The results showed highest total dry biomass yields of max. 25 t ha⁻¹, whereas the highest dry matter of 70\% to 80\% was obtained at the end of the growing period. Scenario (i) clearly indicated the highest energy recovery, accounting for 439 288 MJ ha⁻¹; the energy recovery of the four scenarios from highest to lowest followed this order: (i) ≫ (iii) ≫ (iv) > (ii). Analysis of the Sida ashes showed a high melting point of >1500 °C, associated with a net calorific value of 16.5-17.2 MJ kg⁻¹. All prerequisites for DIN EN ISO norms were achieved, indicating Sida's advantage as a solid energy carrier without any post-treatment after harvesting. Cell wall analysis of the stems showed a constant lignin content after sampling week 16 (July), whereas cellulose had already reached a plateau in sampling week 4 (April). The results highlight Sida as a promising woody, perennial plant, providing biomass for flexible and multipurpose energy applications.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{IlleSchrammAdametal.2008,
  author    = {Ille, F. and Schramm, S. and Adam, M. and Backes, K. and Faber, Christian and Anthrakidis, Anette},
  title     = {Kraft-W{\"a}rme-K{\"a}lte-Kopplung im Leistungsbereich von 10 kW mit periodisch arbeitender Sorptionsmaschine},
  series = {VDI-Tage der Geb{\"a}udetechnik 2008 : Tagung Dortmund, 28. und 29. Mai 2008 / VDI-Gesellschaft Technische Geb{\"a}udeausr{\"u}stung},
  journal   = {VDI-Tage der Geb{\"a}udetechnik 2008 : Tagung Dortmund, 28. und 29. Mai 2008 / VDI-Gesellschaft Technische Geb{\"a}udeausr{\"u}stung},
  publisher = {VDI-Verl.},
  address   = {D{\"u}sseldorf},
  isbn      = {978-3-18-092043-6},
  pages     = {103 -- 116},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{HoeflerKneerGrossetal.2015,
  author    = {H{\"o}fler, M. and Kneer, R. and Groß, Rolf Fritz and Kehrmann, K.},
  title     = {Chemical determination of oxygen transfer rates, transfer efficiencies and interphases evoked by aeration elements for liquid flows},
  series = {Computational Methods in Multiphase Flow VIII. - (WIT Transactions on Engineering Sciences ; Volume 89)},
  booktitle = {Computational Methods in Multiphase Flow VIII. - (WIT Transactions on Engineering Sciences ; Volume 89)},
  editor    = {Vorobieff, P.},
  publisher = {WIT Press},
  address   = {Southampton},
  isbn      = {978-1-84564-946-3 (Print-Ausgabe)},
  issn      = {1746-4471},
  pages     = {89 -- 101},
  year      = {2015},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerWhiteHoff1998,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and White, D.H. and Hoff, R. W.},
  title     = {Nuclear structure of 241Pu from neutron-capture, (d,p)-, and (d,t)-reaction measurements / D. H. White ; R. W. Hoff ... F. Hoyler ...},
  series = {Physical review / C. 57 (1998), H. 3},
  journal   = {Physical review / C. 57 (1998), H. 3},
  isbn      = {0556-2813},
  pages     = {1112 -- 1133},
  year      = {1998},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerShiSchreckenbacketal.1999,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Shi, Z. R. and Schreckenback, K. and Aprahamian, A.},
  title     = {Complete spectroscopy and the 162Dy nucleus / Z. R. Shi ; K. Schreckenbach ; A. Aprahamian ... F. Hoyler ...},
  series = {AIP conference proceedings (1999)},
  journal   = {AIP conference proceedings (1999)},
  isbn      = {0094-243X},
  pages     = {237 -- 238},
  year      = {1999},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerProkofjevsBondarenko1997,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Prokofjevs, P. and Bondarenko, V.},
  title     = {Study of nuclear structure of 164Dy in (n, gamma) and(n, n' gamma) reactions / P. Prokofjevs ; V. Bondarenko ; F. Hoyler ...},
  isbn      = {1122-1437},
  pages     = {759},
  year      = {1997},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerPetkovAndrejtscheff1988,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Petkov, P. and Andrejtscheff, W.},
  title     = {Absolute E0, E1 and E2 transition rates in even-even nuclei obtained in thermal neutron capture / P. Petkov ; W. Andrejtscheff ... F. Hoyler ...},
  series = {Journal of Physics G. 14 (1988), H. S},
  journal   = {Journal of Physics G. 14 (1988), H. S},
  isbn      = {0305-4616},
  pages     = {S97 -- S102},
  year      = {1988},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerMohrStaudt1994,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Mohr, P. and Staudt, G.},
  title     = {Alpha-cluster states of 212po in a realistic potential model},
  series = {Physical review / C. 50 (1994), H. 5},
  journal   = {Physical review / C. 50 (1994), H. 5},
  isbn      = {0556-2813},
  pages     = {2631 -- 2634},
  year      = {1994},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerKesslerGreene1988,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Kessler, E. G. and Greene, G. L.},
  title     = {High accuracy, absolute wavelength determination of capture gamma-ray energies for E\&\#8804;5 MeV and the direct determination of binding energies in light nuclei / E.G. Kessler ; G. L. Greene ... F. Hoyler},
  series = {Journal of Physics G. 14 (1988), H. S},
  journal   = {Journal of Physics G. 14 (1988), H. S},
  isbn      = {0305-4616},
  pages     = {S167 -- S174},
  year      = {1988},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerHoffBoerner1996,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Hoff, R. W. and B{\"o}rner, H. G.},
  title     = {Nuclear structure of 170Tm from neutron-capture and (d,p)-reaction measurements / R. W. Hoff ; H. G. B{\"o}rner ... F. Hoyler ...},
  series = {Physical review / C. 54 (1996), H. 1},
  journal   = {Physical review / C. 54 (1996), H. 1},
  isbn      = {0556-2813},
  pages     = {78 -- 116},
  year      = {1996},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerHamadaHamilton1987,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Hamada, S. A. and Hamilton, W. D.},
  title     = {Gamma-gamma directional correlation measurements in 84Kr following thermal neutron capture by natural krypton / S. A. Hamada ; W. D. Hamilton ; F. Hoyler},
  series = {Journal of physics / G. 13 (1987), H. 9},
  journal   = {Journal of physics / G. 13 (1987), H. 9},
  isbn      = {0305-4616},
  pages     = {1143 -- 1163},
  year      = {1987},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerDrissiTercier1997,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Drissi, S. and Tercier, P. A.},
  title     = {The 112Cd laboratory - An extension : EO strengths, multiphonon states and coupled vibrations / S. Drissi ; P. A. Tercier ... F. Hoyler ...},
  series = {Nuclear physics <Amsterdam> / A. 614 (1997), H. 2},
  journal   = {Nuclear physics <Amsterdam> / A. 614 (1997), H. 2},
  isbn      = {0375-9474},
  pages     = {137 -- 182},
  year      = {1997},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerCorminboeufJolie1997,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Corminboeuf, F. and Jolie, J.},
  title     = {Kp=4+ double-gvibration in 164Dy / F. Corminboeuf ; J. Jolie ... F. Hoyler ...},
  series = {Physical review / C. 56 (1997), H. 3},
  journal   = {Physical review / C. 56 (1997), H. 3},
  isbn      = {0556-2813},
  pages     = {R1201},
  year      = {1997},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerColvinRobinson1988,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Colvin, G. G. and Robinson, S. J.},
  title     = {100Ru studied by thermal neutron capture / G. G. Colvin ; S. J. Robinson ; F. Hoyler},
  series = {Journal of Physics G. 14 (1988), H. 11},
  journal   = {Journal of Physics G. 14 (1988), H. 11},
  isbn      = {0305-4616},
  pages     = {1411 -- 1421},
  year      = {1988},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerColvinRobinson1987,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Colvin, G. G. and Robinson, S. J.},
  title     = {E0 transitions in 106Pd studied by neutron capture / G. G. Colvin ; F. Hoyler ; S. J. Robinson},
  series = {Journal of physics / G. 13 (1987), H. 2},
  journal   = {Journal of physics / G. 13 (1987), H. 2},
  isbn      = {0305-4616},
  pages     = {191 -- 204},
  year      = {1987},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerCollinsEid1989,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Collins, S. P. and Eid, S. A.},
  title     = {A search for mixed-symmetry states in the mass A approximately 50 region / S. P. Collins ; S. A. Eid ... F. Hoyler},
  series = {Journal of Physics G. 15 (1989), H. 3},
  journal   = {Journal of Physics G. 15 (1989), H. 3},
  isbn      = {0954-3899},
  pages     = {321 -- 332},
  year      = {1989},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerCizewskiColvin1988,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Cizewski, J. A. and Colvin, G. G.},
  title     = {Neutron capture on 193Ir and \&\#963;<\&\#963; SUB>max states in 195Ir / J. A. Cizewski ; G. G. Colvin ... F. Hoyler ...},
  series = {Journal of Physics G. 14 (1988), H. S},
  journal   = {Journal of Physics G. 14 (1988), H. S},
  isbn      = {0305-4616},
  pages     = {S103 -- S108},
  year      = {1988},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerCataDanilGuazzoni1996,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Cata-Danil, G. and Guazzoni, P.},
  title     = {(p,t) transition strengths for nuclei around Z = 50 and the IBA model / G. Cata-Danil ; P. Guazzoni ... F. Hoyler ...},
  series = {Journal of physics / G. 22 (1996), H. 1},
  journal   = {Journal of physics / G. 22 (1996), H. 1},
  isbn      = {0305-4616},
  pages     = {107 -- 114},
  year      = {1996},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerBoernerRobinson1988,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and B{\"o}rner, H. G. and Robinson, S.},
  title     = {Recent developments at the ILL (n,\&\#947;)-facility},
  series = {Journal of Physics G. 14 (1988), H. S},
  journal   = {Journal of Physics G. 14 (1988), H. S},
  isbn      = {0305-4616},
  pages     = {S161 -- S165},
  year      = {1988},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerBauskeArias1993,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Bauske, I. and Arias, J. M.},
  title     = {First observation of scissors mode states in an odd-mass nucleus / I. Bauske ; J. M. Arias ... F. Hoyler ...},
  series = {Physical review letters. 71 (1993), H. 7},
  journal   = {Physical review letters. 71 (1993), H. 7},
  isbn      = {0031-9007},
  pages     = {975 -- 978},
  year      = {1993},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerBalodisProkofjevs1998,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Balodis, M. and Prokofjevs, P.},
  title     = {Level scheme of 194Ir / M. Balodis ; P. Prokofjevs ... F. Hoyler ...},
  series = {Nuclear physics <Amsterdam> / A. 641 (1998), H. 2},
  journal   = {Nuclear physics <Amsterdam> / A. 641 (1998), H. 2},
  isbn      = {0375-9474},
  pages     = {133 -- 187},
  year      = {1998},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerAprahamianWuetal.2006,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Aprahamian, A. and Wu, X. and Lesher, S. R.},
  title     = {Complete spectroscopy of the 162Dy nucleus / Aprahamian, A. ; Wu, X. ; Lesher, S. R. ; Warner, D. D. ; Gelletly, W. ; B{\"o}rner, H. G. ; Hoyler, F. ; Schreckenbach, K. ; Carsten R. F. ; Shi, Z. R. ; Kusnezov, D. ; Ibrahim, M. ; Macchiavelli, A. O. ; Brinkman},
  series = {Nuclear physics <Amsterdam> / A. 764 (2006)},
  journal   = {Nuclear physics <Amsterdam> / A. 764 (2006)},
  isbn      = {0375-9474},
  pages     = {42 -- 78},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerAndrejtscheffPetkov1986,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Andrejtscheff, W. and Petkov, P.},
  title     = {A mixed symmetry or quasineutron pair interpretation of the Kpi =03+ level in 172Yb / W. Andrejtscheff ; P. Petkov ... F. Hoyler},
  series = {Journal of physics / G. 12 (1986), H. 6},
  journal   = {Journal of physics / G. 12 (1986), H. 6},
  isbn      = {0305-4616},
  pages     = {L151 -- L156},
  year      = {1986},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{Hoyler1982,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich},
  title     = {Untersuchung der (p,alpha)-Reaktion an Kernen der sd-Schale und ihre mikroskopische Analyse},
  address   = {T{\"u}bingen},
  pages     = {158 S.},
  year      = {1982},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Hoyler1985,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich},
  title     = {Microscopic and semimicroscopic analysis of the reaction 27al- (p,\#ga)24mg in the energy range between 20 and 45 mev},
  series = {Physical review / C, nuclear physics. 31 (1985), H. 1},
  journal   = {Physical review / C, nuclear physics. 31 (1985), H. 1},
  isbn      = {0556-2813},
  pages     = {17},
  year      = {1985},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoskensRoerTolstikhinetal.2000,
  author    = {Hoskens, R.C.P. and Roer, T.G. van de and Tolstikhin, V.I. and F{\"o}rster, Arnold},
  title     = {Hot electron injection laser: vertically integrated transistor-laser structure for high-speed, low-chirp direct modulation},
  series = {LEOS 2000 : 2000 IEEE annual meeting conference proceedings; 13th annual meeting; IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society 2000 annual meeting; 13-16 November 2000, The Westin Rio Mar Beach, Rio Grande, Puerto Rico. Vol. 2},
  journal   = {LEOS 2000 : 2000 IEEE annual meeting conference proceedings; 13th annual meeting; IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society 2000 annual meeting; 13-16 November 2000, The Westin Rio Mar Beach, Rio Grande, Puerto Rico. Vol. 2},
  publisher = {IEEE Service Center},
  address   = {Piscataway, NJ},
  isbn      = {0-7803-5947-X},
  pages     = {444 -- 445},
  year      = {2000},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoskensTolstikhinFoersteretal.2000,
  author    = {Hoskens, R. C. P. and Tolstikhin, V.I. and F{\"o}rster, Arnold and Roer, T.G. van de},
  title     = {Vertically integrated transistor-laser structure, take 2},
  series = {WOCSDICE 2000, 24th Workshop on Compound Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits held in Europe : May 29 - June 02, 2000, Aegean Sea, Greece.},
  journal   = {WOCSDICE 2000, 24th Workshop on Compound Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits held in Europe : May 29 - June 02, 2000, Aegean Sea, Greece.},
  publisher = {Univ. of Michigan},
  address   = {Ann Arbor, Mich.},
  isbn      = {0970311109},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung [ca. 200 S.]},
  year      = {2000},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{HoltschoppenCornelissenButenwegetal.2011,
  author    = {Holtschoppen, Britta and Cornelissen, Philipp and Butenweg, Christoph and Meskouris, Konstantin},
  title     = {Vereinfachtes Berechnungsverfahren zur Ber{\"u}cksichtigung der Interaktionsschwingung bei fl{\"u}ssigkeitsgef{\"u}llten Tankbauwerken unter seismischer Belastung},
  series = {Berichte der Fachtagung Baustatik-Baupraxis 11 : am 21. und 22. Februar 2011 an der Universit{\"a}t Innsbruck / Hrsg. Gernot Beer ...},
  booktitle = {Berichte der Fachtagung Baustatik-Baupraxis 11 : am 21. und 22. Februar 2011 an der Universit{\"a}t Innsbruck / Hrsg. Gernot Beer ...},
  publisher = {Inst. f{\"u}r Baustatik, Techn. Univ. Graz},
  address   = {Graz},
  organization    = {Fachtagung Baustatik, Baupraxis <11, 2011, Innsbruck>},
  isbn      = {978-3-85125-115-9},
  pages     = {155 -- 162},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{HoltschoppenButenwegMeskouris2009,
  author    = {Holtschoppen, Britta and Butenweg, Christoph and Meskouris, Konstantin},
  title     = {Seismic design of non-structural components in industrial facilities},
  series = {International journal of engineering under uncertainty},
  volume    = {Volume 1},
  journal   = {International journal of engineering under uncertainty},
  issn      = {0975-4806},
  pages     = {1 -- 13},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoltschoppenButenwegMeskouris2009,
  author    = {Holtschoppen, B. and Butenweg, Christoph and Meskouris, Konstantin},
  title     = {Erdbebensichere Auslegung von Industrieanlagen},
  series = {Der Bauingenieur : die richtungsweisende Zeitschrift im Bauingenieurswesen ; offizielle Zeitschrift der VDI-Gesellschaft Bautechnik},
  journal   = {Der Bauingenieur : die richtungsweisende Zeitschrift im Bauingenieurswesen ; offizielle Zeitschrift der VDI-Gesellschaft Bautechnik},
  number    = {M{\"a}rz},
  publisher = {VDI Fachmedien},
  address   = {D{\"u}sseldorf},
  issn      = {0005-6650},
  pages     = {S9 -- S14},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{HollerButenwegNohetal.2004,
  author    = {Holler, S. and Butenweg, Christoph and Noh, S.-Y. and Meskouris, Konstantin},
  title     = {Computational model of textile-reinforced concrete structures},
  series = {Computers \& structures : an international journal},
  volume    = {Volume 82},
  journal   = {Computers \& structures : an international journal},
  number    = {Issues 23-26},
  issn      = {1879-2243 (E-Journal); 0045-7949 (Print)},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.compstruc.2004.03.076},
  pages     = {1971 -- 1979},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{HollerButenwegNohetal.2002,
  author    = {Holler, S. and Butenweg, Christoph and Noh, S.-Y. and Meskouris, Konstantin},
  title     = {Numerical simulation of textile-reinforced concrete structures},
  series = {Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Computational Structures Technology : [Prague, Czech Republic, 4 - 6 September 2002] / ed. by B. H. V. Topping and Z. Bittnar. (Civil-Comp Press books on computational engineering)},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Computational Structures Technology : [Prague, Czech Republic, 4 - 6 September 2002] / ed. by B. H. V. Topping and Z. Bittnar. (Civil-Comp Press books on computational engineering)},
  publisher = {Civil-Comp Press},
  address   = {Stirling},
  organization    = {International Conference on Computational Structures Technology <6, 2002, Prag>},
  isbn      = {0-948749-83-0},
  pages     = {287 -- 288},
  year      = {2002},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoffstadtPohenDickeetal.2020,
  author    = {Hoffstadt, Kevin and Pohen, Gino D. and Dicke, Max D. and Paulsen, Svea and Krafft, Simone and Zang, Joachim W. and Fonseca-Zang, Warde A. da and Leite, Athaydes and Kuperjans, Isabel},
  title     = {Challenges and prospects of biogas from energy cane as supplement to bioethanol production},
  series = {Agronomy},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Agronomy},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2073-4395},
  doi       = {10.3390/agronomy10060821},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Innovative breeds of sugar cane yield up to 2.5 times as much organic matter as conventional breeds, resulting in a great potential for biogas production. The use of biogas production as a complementary solution to conventional and second-generation ethanol production in Brazil may increase the energy produced per hectare in the sugarcane sector. Herein, it was demonstrated that through ensiling, energy cane can be conserved for six months; the stored cane can then be fed into a continuous biogas process. This approach is necessary to achieve year-round biogas production at an industrial scale. Batch tests revealed specific biogas potentials between 400 and 600 LN/kgVS for both the ensiled and non-ensiled energy cane, and the specific biogas potential of a continuous biogas process fed with ensiled energy cane was in the same range. Peak biogas losses through ensiling of up to 27\% after six months were observed. Finally, compared with second-generation ethanol production using energy cane, the results indicated that biogas production from energy cane may lead to higher energy yields per hectare, with an average energy yield of up to 162 MWh/ha. Finally, the Farm²CBG concept is introduced, showing an approach for decentralized biogas production.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoffstadtCheenakulaNikolauszetal.2023,
  author    = {Hoffstadt, Kevin and Cheenakula, Dheeraja and Nikolausz, Marcell and Krafft, Simone and Harms, Hauke and Kuperjans, Isabel},
  title     = {Design and construction of a new reactor for flexible biomethanation of hydrogen},
  series = {Fermentation},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Fermentation},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2311-5637},
  doi       = {10.3390/fermentation9080774},
  pages     = {1 -- 16},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {The increasing share of renewable electricity in the grid drives the need for sufficient storage capacity. Especially for seasonal storage, power-to-gas can be a promising approach. Biologically produced methane from hydrogen produced from surplus electricity can be used to substitute natural gas in the existing infrastructure. Current reactor types are not or are poorly optimized for flexible methanation. Therefore, this work proposes a new reactor type with a plug flow reactor (PFR) design. Simulations in COMSOL Multiphysics ® showed promising properties for operation in laminar flow. An experiment was conducted to support the simulation results and to determine the gas fraction of the novel reactor, which was measured to be 29\%. Based on these simulations and experimental results, the reactor was constructed as a 14 m long, 50 mm diameter tube with a meandering orientation. Data processing was established, and a step experiment was performed. In addition, a kLa of 1 h-1 was determined. The results revealed that the experimental outcomes of the type of flow and gas fractions are in line with the theoretical simulation. The new design shows promising properties for flexible methanation and will be tested.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoffschmidtTellezValverdeetal.2003,
  author    = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and T{\´e}llez, F{\´e}lix M. and Valverde, Antonio and Fernandez, Valerio and Fernandez, Jesus},
  title     = {Performance evaluation of the 200-kWth HiTRec-II open volumetric air receiver},
  series = {Journal of solar energy engineering},
  volume    = {Vol. 125},
  journal   = {Journal of solar energy engineering},
  number    = {Iss. 1},
  pages     = {87 -- 94},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoffschmidtRiffelmannKroedeletal.2001,
  author    = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Riffelmann, K.-J. and Kr{\"o}del, M. and Rietbrock, P.},
  title     = {PHITREC - pressurized volumetric air receiver for high temperature solar applications / K.-J. Riffelmann ; B. Hofschmidt ...},
  series = {Forschungsbericht : DLR FB. 10 (2001)},
  journal   = {Forschungsbericht : DLR FB. 10 (2001)},
  isbn      = {0939-2963},
  pages     = {73 -- 74},
  year      = {2001},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoffschmidtPitzPaalBoehmer1999,
  author    = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Pitz-Paal, Robert and B{\"o}hmer, M.},
  title     = {A new closed/open volumetric receiver concept for parabolictrough collectors (test results)},
  series = {Journal de physique. 9 (1999), H. 3},
  journal   = {Journal de physique. 9 (1999), H. 3},
  isbn      = {1155-4339},
  pages     = {3},
  year      = {1999},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoffschmidtPitzPaalHennecke1999,
  author    = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Pitz-Paal, R. and Hennecke, K.},
  title     = {Solare Heißlufterzeugung f{\"u}r Temperaturen bis {\"u}ber 250 Grad C},
  series = {Tagung M{\"u}nchen, 16. und 17. M{\"a}rz 1999 . 1999. - (VDI-Berichte ; 1457)},
  journal   = {Tagung M{\"u}nchen, 16. und 17. M{\"a}rz 1999 . 1999. - (VDI-Berichte ; 1457)},
  publisher = {VDI-Verl.},
  address   = {D{\"u}sseldorf},
  isbn      = {3-18-091457-2},
  pages     = {323 -- 332},
  year      = {1999},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{HoffschmidtPitzPaalBoehmer1997,
  author    = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Pitz-Paal, R. and B{\"o}hmer, M.},
  title     = {Experimental and numerical evaluation of the performance and flow stability of different types of open volumetric absorbers under non-homogeneous irradiation / R. Pitz-Pahl ; B. Hofschmidt ; M. B{\"o}hmer ...},
  series = {Solar energy. 60 (1997), H. 3-4},
  journal   = {Solar energy. 60 (1997), H. 3-4},
  isbn      = {0038-092X},
  pages     = {135 -- 150},
  year      = {1997},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{HoffschmidtLanFrickeetal.2010,
  author    = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Lan, Marco and Fricke, Barbara and Anthrakidis, Anette and Peter, Stefan},
  title     = {Struktur und Dynamik einer Stromversorgung mit einem hohen Anteil erneuerbarer Energieerzeuger. Kurzbezeichnung: Energiestudie. Schlussbericht},
  publisher = {Solar-Institut, FH Aachen},
  address   = {J{\"u}lich},
  pages     = {134 S. Ill., graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{HoffschmidtKruegerHennecke2000,
  author    = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Kr{\"u}ger, D. and Hennecke, K.},
  title     = {Results from parabolic trough systems for process heat at the DLR Cologne / D. Kr{\"u}ger ; B. Hoffschmidt ; K. Hennecke ...},
  series = {Solar thermal 2000 : proceedings of the 10th SolarPACES International Symposium on Solar Thermal Concentrating Technologies, Sydney, Australia, 8 - 10 March 2000 ; part of the},
  journal   = {Solar thermal 2000 : proceedings of the 10th SolarPACES International Symposium on Solar Thermal Concentrating Technologies, Sydney, Australia, 8 - 10 March 2000 ; part of the},
  address   = {Sydney},
  pages     = {113 -- 120},
  year      = {2000},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoffschmidtKroedelGeigl2002,
  author    = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Kr{\"o}del, Matthias and Geigl, Florian},
  title     = {Die Kraft der Sonne / Matthias Kr{\"o}del ; Florian Geigl ; Bernhard Hoffschmidt},
  series = {Nachrichten : Magazin des Deutschen Zentrums f{\"u}r Luft- und Raumfahrt / DLR (2002)},
  journal   = {Nachrichten : Magazin des Deutschen Zentrums f{\"u}r Luft- und Raumfahrt / DLR (2002)},
  isbn      = {0937-0420},
  pages     = {18 -- 19},
  year      = {2002},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{HoffschmidtKoll2005,
  author    = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Koll, Gerrit},
  title     = {Die Zukunft der Stromerzeugung ; die Entwicklung der Luftreceivertechnologie bei Kraftanlagen M{\"u}nchen / Gerrit Koll ; Berhard Hoffschmidt},
  series = {Nachrichten : Magazin des Deutschen Zentrums f{\"u}r Luft- und Raumfahrt / DLR (2005)},
  journal   = {Nachrichten : Magazin des Deutschen Zentrums f{\"u}r Luft- und Raumfahrt / DLR (2005)},
  isbn      = {0937-0420},
  pages     = {42 -- 46},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{HoffschmidtFernandezKonstandopoulus2001,
  author    = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Fernandez, V. and Konstandopoulus, A. G.},
  title     = {Development of ceramic volumetric receiver technology},
  series = {Forschungsbericht : DLR FB. 10 (2001)},
  journal   = {Forschungsbericht : DLR FB. 10 (2001)},
  isbn      = {0939-2963},
  pages     = {51 -- 61},
  year      = {2001},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoffschmidtFendPitzPaaletal.2004,
  author    = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Fend, Thomas and Pitz-Paal, Robert and Reutter, Oliver},
  title     = {Two novel high-porosity materials as volumetric receivers for concentrated solar radiation / Thomas Fend ; Robert Pitz-Paal ; Oliver Reutter ... Bernhard Hoffschmidt},
  series = {Solar energy materials \& solar cells. 84 (2004), H. 1},
  journal   = {Solar energy materials \& solar cells. 84 (2004), H. 1},
  isbn      = {0927-0248},
  pages     = {291 -- 304},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoffschmidtFendPitzPaaletal.2004,
  author    = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Fend, Thomas and Pitz-Paal, Robert and Reutter, Oliver},
  title     = {Porous materials as open volumetric solar receivers - Experimental determination of thermophysical and heat transfer properties / Thomas Fend ; Bernhard Hoffschmidt ...},
  series = {Energy. 29 (2004), H. 5},
  journal   = {Energy. 29 (2004), H. 5},
  isbn      = {0360-5442},
  pages     = {823 -- 834},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoffschmidtFendJorgensenetal.2003,
  author    = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Fend, Thomas and Jorgensen, Gary and K{\"u}ster, Harald},
  title     = {Comparative assessment of solar concentrator materials / Fend, Thomas ; Hoffschmidt, Bernhard ; Jorgensen, Gary ; K{\"u}ster, Harald ; Kr{\"u}ger, Dirk ; Pitz-Paal, Robert ; Riebrock, Peter ; Riffelmann, Klaus-J{\"u}rgen},
  series = {Solar energy. 74 (2003), H. 2},
  journal   = {Solar energy. 74 (2003), H. 2},
  isbn      = {0038-092X},
  pages     = {149 -- 155},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoffschmidtFendJorgensen2002,
  author    = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Fend, Thomas and Jorgensen, Gary},
  title     = {Comparative assessment of solar concentrator materials / Thomas Fend ; Bernhard Hoffschmidt ; Gary Jorgensen ...},
  series = {Renewable energy for local communities of Europe : (toward Rio+10) ; proceedings / EuroSun 2002, the 4th ISES Europe Solar Congress ; Bologna (Italy), 23 - 26 June 2002 / ISES Italia},
  journal   = {Renewable energy for local communities of Europe : (toward Rio+10) ; proceedings / EuroSun 2002, the 4th ISES Europe Solar Congress ; Bologna (Italy), 23 - 26 June 2002 / ISES Italia},
  address   = {Bologna},
  isbn      = {88-900893-0-X},
  pages     = {paper_125.pdf},
  year      = {2002},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoffschmidtBuckFend2001,
  author    = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Buck, R. and Fend, Thomas},
  title     = {Porous materials as volumetric solar receivers : experimental approach towards a detailed characterisation of instability problems / R. Buck ; T. Fend ; B. Hoffschmidt ...},
  series = {Forschungsbericht : DLR FB. 10 (2001)},
  journal   = {Forschungsbericht : DLR FB. 10 (2001)},
  isbn      = {0939-2963},
  pages     = {71 -- 72},
  year      = {2001},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoffschmidtBeckerFend2006,
  author    = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Becker, M. and Fend, Thomas},
  title     = {Theoretical and numerical investigation of flow stability in porous materials applied as volumetric solar receivers / M. Becker ; T. Fend ; B. Hoffschmidt ...},
  series = {Solar energy. 80 (2006), H. 10},
  journal   = {Solar energy. 80 (2006), H. 10},
  isbn      = {0038-092X},
  pages     = {1241 -- 1248},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {en}
}