@article{FrohbergAnik1986,
  author    = {Frohberg, Martin G. and Anik, Sabri},
  title     = {Untersuchungen zum L{\"o}sungsverhalten von Sauerstoff in Metallschmelzen},
  series = {Neue H{\"u}tte : metallurgisch-metallkundliche Fachzeitschrift f{\"u}r Forschung und Praxis},
  volume    = {31},
  journal   = {Neue H{\"u}tte : metallurgisch-metallkundliche Fachzeitschrift f{\"u}r Forschung und Praxis},
  number    = {7},
  issn      = {0028-3207},
  pages     = {255 -- 258},
  year      = {1986},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{FrohbergAnik1986,
  author    = {Frohberg, Martin G. and Anik, Sabri},
  title     = {Experimentelle Ergebnisse zum L{\"o}sungsverhalten von Sauerstoff in den Systemen Cu-O-Bi und Cu-O-Pb},
  series = {Neue H{\"u}tte : metallurgisch-metallkundliche Fachzeitschrift f{\"u}r Forschung und Praxis},
  volume    = {31},
  journal   = {Neue H{\"u}tte : metallurgisch-metallkundliche Fachzeitschrift f{\"u}r Forschung und Praxis},
  number    = {9},
  issn      = {0028-3207},
  pages     = {344 -- 347},
  year      = {1986},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{AnikTopuzTuncel1991,
  author    = {Anik, Sabri and Topuz, A. and Tuncel, H. S.},
  title     = {Einfluß der Parameter beim Diffusionsschweißen der St{\"a}hle X 210 Cr 12 und 25 MoCr 4 auf ihre mechanischen Eigenschaften},
  series = {Schweißen und Schneiden : Fachzeitschrift f{\"u}r Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren},
  volume    = {43},
  journal   = {Schweißen und Schneiden : Fachzeitschrift f{\"u}r Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren},
  number    = {6},
  issn      = {0036-7184},
  pages     = {341 -- 344},
  year      = {1991},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Benner1984,
  author    = {Benner, Joachim},
  title     = {Experimentelle Untersuchungen des mechanischen Verhaltens drehnachgiebiger Wellenkupplungen und Entwicklung eines Ersatzmodells},
  pages     = {147 S. : graph. Darst.},
  year      = {1984},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{PeekenBennerPlatt1989,
  author    = {Peeken, Heinz and Benner, Joachim and Platt, Werner},
  title     = {Ausfallkriterien elastomerbest{\"u}ckter Wellenkupplungen},
  series = {Antriebstechnik : Konstruktion, Entwicklung und Anwendung von Antrieben und Steuerungen ; Organ der Forschungsvereinigung Antriebstechnik e.V.},
  volume    = {28},
  journal   = {Antriebstechnik : Konstruktion, Entwicklung und Anwendung von Antrieben und Steuerungen ; Organ der Forschungsvereinigung Antriebstechnik e.V.},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {Vereinigte Fachverl.},
  address   = {Mainz},
  issn      = {0341-2652},
  pages     = {85 -- 88},
  year      = {1989},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Raatschen1986,
  author    = {Raatschen, Hans-J{\"u}rgen},
  title     = {Ein Bicharakteristikenverfahren zur Berechnung von Spannungswellen in krummlinig berandeten Scheiben},
  publisher = {RWTH Aachen},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {110 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.},
  year      = {1986},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EichlerBalcBremenetal.2024,
  author    = {Eichler, Fabian and Balc, Nicolae and Bremen, Sebastian and Nink, Philipp},
  title     = {Investigation of laser powder bed fusion parameters with respect to their influence on the thermal conductivity of 316L samples},
  series = {Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2504-4494},
  doi       = {10.3390/jmmp8040166},
  pages     = {12 Seiten},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {The thermal conductivity of components manufactured using Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF), also called Selective Laser Melting (SLM), plays an important role in their processing. Not only does a reduced thermal conductivity cause residual stresses during the process, but it also makes subsequent processes such as the welding of LPBF components more difficult. This article uses 316L stainless steel samples to investigate whether and to what extent the thermal conductivity of specimens can be influenced by different LPBF parameters. To this end, samples are set up using different parameters, orientations, and powder conditions and measured by a heat flow meter using stationary analysis. The heat flow meter set-up used in this study achieves good reproducibility and high measurement accuracy, so that comparative measurements between the various LPBF influencing factors to be tested are possible. In summary, the series of measurements show that the residual porosity of the components has the greatest influence on conductivity. The degradation of the powder due to increased recycling also appears to be detectable. The build-up direction shows no detectable effect in the measurement series.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RaffeisAdjeiKyeremehVroomenetal.2020,
  author    = {Raffeis, Iris and Adjei-Kyeremeh, Frank and Vroomen, Uwe and Westhoff, Elmar and Bremen, Sebastian and Hohoi, Alexandru and B{\"u}hrig-Polaczek, Andreas},
  title     = {Qualification of a Ni-Cu alloy for the laser powder bed fusion process (LPBF): Its microstructure and mechanical properties},
  series = {Applied Sciences},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Applied Sciences},
  number    = {Art. 3401},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2076-3417},
  doi       = {10.3390/app10103401},
  pages     = {1 -- 15},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {As researchers continue to seek the expansion of the material base for additive manufacturing, there is a need to focus attention on the Ni-Cu group of alloys which conventionally has wide industrial applications. In this work, the G-NiCu30Nb casting alloy, a variant of the Monel family of alloys with Nb and high Si content is, for the first time, processed via the laser powder bed fusion process (LPBF). Being novel to the LPBF processes, optimum LPBF parameters were determined, and hardness and tensile tests were performed in as-built conditions and after heat treatment at 1000 °C. Microstructures of the as-cast and the as-built condition were compared. Highly dense samples (99.8\% density) were achieved after varying hatch distance (80 µm and 140 µm) with scanning speed (550 mm/s-1500 mm/s). There was no significant difference in microhardness between varied hatch distance print sets. Microhardness of the as-built condition (247 HV0.2) exceeded the as-cast microhardness (179 HV0.2.). Tensile specimens built in vertical (V) and horizontal (H) orientations revealed degrees of anisotropy and were superior to conventionally reported figures. Post heat treatment increased ductility from 20\% to 31\% (V), as well as from 16\% to 25\% (H), while ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and yield strength (YS) were considerably reduced.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{ChwallekGoelzerReichert2018,
  author    = {Chwallek, Constanze and G{\"o}lzer, Kaan and Reichert, Walter},
  title     = {Faymonville - Wachstum als Komplexit{\"a}tstreiber},
  series = {Fallstudienkompendium Hidden Champions - Innovationen f{\"u}r den Weltmarkt},
  booktitle = {Fallstudienkompendium Hidden Champions - Innovationen f{\"u}r den Weltmarkt},
  publisher = {Springer Gabler},
  isbn      = {978-3-658-17829-1},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-658-17829-1_18},
  pages     = {299 -- 312},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Die Fallstudie FAYMONVILLE besch{\"a}ftigt sich damit, wie es dem Familienunternehmen Faymonville aus Ostbelgien gelungen ist, sich zu einem der f{\"u}hrenden Hersteller in seiner Branche zu entwickeln. Die gezielte Identifizierung neuer M{\"a}rkte, die Fokussierung auf die relevanten Kundenbed{\"u}rfnisse und eine konsistente Produktpolitik mit einem abgestimmten Fertigungskonzept legen die Grundsteine f{\"u}r den Erfolg. Das vorliegende Fallbeispiel zeigt anschaulich, wie es gelingen kann, den prinzipiellen Widerspruch zwischen wirtschaftlicher und kundenindividueller Fertigung erfolgreich aufzul{\"o}sen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{HirtBleckBobzinetal.2011,
  author    = {Hirt, Gerhard and Bleck, Wolfgang and Bobzin, Kirsten and Schleser, Markus and Brecher, Christian and B{\"u}hrig-Polazcek, Andreas and Haberstroh, Edmund and Klocke, Fritz and Loosen, Peter and Michaeli, Walter and Poprawe, Reinhart and Reisgen, Uwe and Arntz, Kristian and Bagcivan, Nazlim and Bambach, Markus and B{\"a}umler, Stephan and Beckemper, Stefan and Bergweiler, Georg and Breitbach, Tobias and Buchholz, Steffen and B{\"u}ltmann, Jan and Diettrich, J{\"o}rg and Do-Khac, Dennis and Eilbracht, Stephan and Emonts, Michael and Flock, Dustin and Gerhardt, Kai and Gillner, Arnold and G{\"o}ttmann, Alexander and Gr{\"o}nlund, Oliver and Hartmann, Claudia and Heinen, Daniel and Herfs, Werner and Hermani, Jan-Patrick and Holtkamp, Jens and Todor, Ivanov and Jakob, Matthias and Janssen, Andreas and Karlberger, Andreas and Klaiber, Fritz and Kutschmann, Pia and Neuß, Andreas and Prahl, Ulrich and Roderburg, Andreas and Rosen, Chris-J{\"o}rg and R{\"o}sner, Andreas and Saeed-Akbari, Alireza and Scharf, Micha and Scheik, Sven and Schleser, Markus and Sch{\"o}ngart, Maximilian and Stein, Lars and Steiners, Marius and Stollenwerk, Jochen and Araghi, Babak Taleb and Theiß, Sebastian and Wunderle, Johannes},
  title     = {Hybride Produktionssysteme},
  series = {Integrative Produktionstechnik f{\"u}r Hochlohnl{\"a}nder / hrsg. von Christian Brecher},
  booktitle = {Integrative Produktionstechnik f{\"u}r Hochlohnl{\"a}nder / hrsg. von Christian Brecher},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin [u.a.]},
  isbn      = {978-3-642-20692-4 (Print) ; 978-3-642-20693-1 (E-Book)},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-642-20693-1_5},
  pages     = {465 -- 745},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {W{\"a}hrend die virtuelle Produktentstehungskette große Gestaltungsfreir{\"a}ume bietet, ist die reale Produktentstehungskette durch wesentlich mehr Randbedingungen gekennzeichnet, die nicht oder nur ansatzweise beeinflussbar sind. Die Realisierung des aus logistischer Sicht optimalen One-Piece-Flow bei gleichzeitiger Steigerung von Flexibilit{\"a}t und Produktivit{\"a}t sowie des Verschiebens der Grenze des technologisch Machbaren m{\"u}ssen in zuk{\"u}nftigen Forschungsans{\"a}tzen gleichermaßen betrachtet werden. Die Grenzverschiebung auf Basis der Integration von Technologien ist dabei ein viel versprechender Ansatz, der es in vielen F{\"a}llen erm{\"o}glicht, in allen genannten Zielrichtungen gleichermaßen Potentiale zu erschließen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{ReisgenSchleserScheiketal.2011,
  author    = {Reisgen, Uwe and Schleser, Markus and Scheik, Sven and Michaeli, Walter and Gr{\"o}nlund, Oliver and Neuß, Andreas and Wunderle, Johannes and Poprawe, Reinhart and R{\"o}sner, A. and Bobzin, Kirsten and Schl{\"a}fer, Thomas and Theiß, Sebastian and Kutschmann, Pia and Haberstroh, Edmund and Flock, Dustin and B{\"u}hrig-Polaczek, Andreas and Jakob, M.},
  title     = {Novel process chains for the production of plastics/metal-hybrids},
  series = {17th International Conference on Concurrent Enterprising (ICE 2011) : Aachen, Germany, 20 - 22 June 2011},
  booktitle = {17th International Conference on Concurrent Enterprising (ICE 2011) : Aachen, Germany, 20 - 22 June 2011},
  editor    = {Thoben, Klaus-Dieter},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {Piscataway, NJ},
  organization    = {Forschungsinstitut f{\"u}r Rationalisierung <Aachen> ; International Conference on Concurrent Enterprising <17, 2011, Aachen>},
  isbn      = {978-1-457-70772-8 ; 978-3-943024-05-0},
  pages     = {596 -- 604},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RakeSchwanhaeusserFrederichetal.1993,
  author    = {Rake, Heinrich and Schwanh{\"a}ußer, Wulf and Frederich, Fritz and Enning, Manfred},
  title     = {Automatisierung von Ablaufanlagen mit dem Kupplungsroboter},
  series = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  journal   = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {DVV Media Group},
  address   = {Hamburg},
  issn      = {0013-2845},
  pages     = {249 -- 254},
  year      = {1993},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{RakeEnningKurthetal.1994,
  author    = {Rake, Heinrich and Enning, Manfred and Kurth, Johannes and Schr{\"o}der, Walter},
  title     = {Automatic uncoupler completes automation at the hump},
  series = {RGI - Railway Gazette International},
  volume    = {150},
  journal   = {RGI - Railway Gazette International},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Reed Business},
  address   = {Sutton},
  issn      = {0373-5346},
  pages     = {371 -- 374},
  year      = {1994},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ManfredMaySutter2020,
  author    = {Manfred, Enning and May, J{\"o}rg and Sutter, Stefan},
  title     = {Innovation am G{\"u}terwagen am Beispiel der Automatischen Bremsprobe},
  series = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  journal   = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  number    = {12},
  publisher = {DVV Media Group},
  address   = {Hamburg},
  issn      = {0013-2845},
  pages     = {14 -- 19},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Mit der Digitalen Automatischen Kupplung beginnt ein neues Kapitel des Schieneng{\"u}terverkehrs, in dem zusammengestellte Wagen sich automatisch in wenigen Minuten abfahrbereit machen, ohne dass der Mensch eingreifen muss. Eines des gr{\"o}ßten Hemmnisse der umweltfreundlichen Schiene wird dann entfallen. Notwendig ist jetzt eine Diskussion {\"u}ber den Umfang und die Systemgrenzen der Automatischen Bremsprobe.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EnningSchmidtWilbring2019,
  author    = {Enning, Manfred and Schmidt, Bernd and Wilbring, Daniela},
  title     = {Auf dem Weg zur autonomen Anschlussbedienung},
  series = {Privatbahn-Magazin},
  journal   = {Privatbahn-Magazin},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Bahn Media},
  address   = {Suhlendorf},
  issn      = {1865-0163},
  pages     = {40 -- 43},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{EnningHilgers2023,
  author    = {Enning, Manfred and Hilgers, Rudolf},
  title     = {Die Assistierte Bremsprobe als Br{\"u}cke zur Vollautomatisierung des Schieneng{\"u}terverkehrs},
  series = {IRSA 2023: Tagungsband, Proceedings},
  booktitle = {IRSA 2023: Tagungsband, Proceedings},
  editor    = {Nießen, Nils and Schindler, Christian},
  publisher = {RWTH Aachen},
  address   = {Aachen},
  doi       = {10.18154/RWTH-2024-00257},
  pages     = {60 -- 75},
  year      = {2023},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{GrundmannHallmannSchaefer1983,
  author    = {Grundmann, Reinhard and Hallmann, Willi and Sch{\"a}fer, Horst},
  title     = {Entwicklung eines einfachen Windmessgeraetes fuer Entwicklungslaender},
  publisher = {FIZ Energie, Physik, Mathematik},
  address   = {Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen},
  pages     = {137 S.},
  year      = {1983},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{GebhardtSchmidtHoetteretal.2010,
  author    = {Gebhardt, Andreas and Schmidt, Frank-Michael and H{\"o}tter, Jan-Steffen and Sokalla, Wolfgang and Sokalla, Patrick},
  title     = {Additive manufacturing by selective laser melting the realizer desktop machine and its application for the dental industry},
  series = {Physics Procedia},
  volume    = {5 B},
  journal   = {Physics Procedia},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1875-3892},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.phpro.2010.08.082},
  pages     = {543 -- 549},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Additive Manufacturing of metal parts by Selective Laser Melting has become a powerful tool for the direct manufacturing of complex parts mainly for the aerospace and medical industry. With the introduction of its desktop machine, Realizer targeted the dental market. The contribution describes the special features of the machine, discusses details of the process and shows manufacturing results focused on metal dental devices.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{BarnatArntzBerneckeretal.2024,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Barnat, Miriam and Arntz, Kristian and Bernecker, Andreas and Fissabre, Anke and Franken, Norbert and Goldbach, Daniel and H{\"u}ning, Felix and J{\"o}rissen, J{\"o}rg and Kirsch, Ansgar and Pettrak, J{\"u}rgen and Rexforth, Matthias and Josef, Rosenkranz and Terstegge, Andreas},
  title     = {Strategische Gestaltung von Studieng{\"a}ngen f{\"u}r die Zukunft: Ein kollaborativ entwickeltes Self-Assessment},
  series = {Hochschulforum Digitalisierung - Diskussionspapier},
  journal   = {Hochschulforum Digitalisierung - Diskussionspapier},
  publisher = {Stifterverband f{\"u}r die Deutsche Wissenschaft},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {2365-7081},
  pages     = {16 Seiten},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Das Diskussionspapier beschreibt einen Prozess an der FH Aachen zur Entwicklung und Implementierung eines Self-Assessment-Tools f{\"u}r Studieng{\"a}nge. Dieser Prozess zielte darauf ab, die Relevanz der Themen Digitalisierung, Internationalisierung und Nachhaltigkeit in Studieng{\"a}ngen zu st{\"a}rken. Durch Workshops und kollaborative Entwicklung mit Studiendekan:innen entstand ein Fragebogen, der zur Reflexion und strategischen Weiterentwicklung der Studieng{\"a}nge dient.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{AbbasHedwigBalcetal.2023,
  author    = {Abbas, Karim and Hedwig, Lukas and Balc, Nicolae and Bremen, Sebastian},
  title     = {Advanced FFF of PEEK: Infill strategies and material characteristics for rapid tooling},
  series = {Polymers},
  volume    = {2023},
  journal   = {Polymers},
  number    = {15},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  doi       = {10.3390/polym15214293},
  pages     = {Artikel 4293},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Traditional vulcanization mold manufacturing is complex, costly, and under pressure due to shorter product lifecycles and diverse variations. Additive manufacturing using Fused Filament Fabrication and high-performance polymers like PEEK offer a promising future in this industry. This study assesses the compressive strength of various infill structures (honeycomb, grid, triangle, cubic, and gyroid) when considering two distinct build directions (Z, XY) to enhance PEEK's economic and resource efficiency in rapid tooling. A comparison with PETG samples shows the behavior of the infill strategies. Additionally, a proof of concept illustrates the application of a PEEK mold in vulcanization. A peak compressive strength of 135.6 MPa was attained in specimens that were 100\% solid and subjected to thermal post-treatment. This corresponds to a 20\% strength improvement in the Z direction. In terms of time and mechanical properties, the anisotropic grid and isotropic cubic infill have emerged for use in rapid tooling. Furthermore, the study highlights that reducing the layer thickness from 0.15 mm to 0.1 mm can result in a 15\% strength increase. The study unveils the successful utilization of a room-temperature FFF-printed PEEK mold in vulcanization injection molding. The parameters and infill strategies identified in this research enable the resource-efficient FFF printing of PEEK without compromising its strength properties. Using PEEK in rapid tooling allows a cost reduction of up to 70\% in tool production.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LuftLuftArntz2023,
  author    = {Luft, Angela and Luft, Nils and Arntz, Kristian},
  title     = {A basic description logic for service-oriented architecture in factory planning and operational control in the age of industry 4.0},
  series = {Applied Sciences},
  volume    = {2023},
  journal   = {Applied Sciences},
  number    = {13},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2076-3417},
  doi       = {10.3390/app13137610},
  pages     = {23 Seiten},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Manufacturing companies across multiple industries face an increasingly dynamic and unpredictable environment. This development can be seen on both the market and supply side. To respond to these challenges, manufacturing companies must implement smart manufacturing systems and become more flexible and agile. The flexibility in operational planning regarding the scheduling and sequencing of customer orders needs to be increased and new structures must be implemented in manufacturing systems' fundamental design as they constitute much of the operational flexibility available. To this end, smart and more flexible solutions for production planning and control (PPC) are developed. However, scheduling or sequencing is often only considered isolated in a predefined stable environment. Moreover, their orientation on the fundamental logic of the existing IT solutions and their applicability in a dynamic environment is limited. This paper presents a conceptual model for a task-based description logic that can be applied to factory planning, technology planning, and operational control. By using service-oriented architectures, the goal is to generate smart manufacturing systems. The logic is designed to allow for easy and automated maintenance. It is compatible with the existing resource and process allocation logic across operational and strategic factory and production planning.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Raatschen1987,
  author    = {Raatschen, Hans-J{\"u}rgen},
  title     = {Fokussierung von Spannungswellen in einer krummlinig berandeten Scheibe},
  series = {ZAMM : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik},
  volume    = {67},
  journal   = {ZAMM : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1521-4001},
  doi       = {10.1002/zamm.19870670406},
  pages     = {T230 -- T231},
  year      = {1987},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{LeidingerNoistenWollert2012,
  author    = {Leidinger, Rafael and Noisten, Thomas and Wollert, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Realtime automation networks in moVing industrial environments},
  series = {Journal of systemics, cybernetics and informatics},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Journal of systemics, cybernetics and informatics},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {IIIC},
  address   = {Orlando},
  issn      = {1690-4532},
  pages     = {52 -- 56},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {The radio-based wireless data communication has made the realization of new technical solutions possible in many fields of the automation technology (AT). For about ten years, a constant disproportionate growth of wireless technologies can be observed in the automation technology. However, it shows that especially for the AT, conventional technologies of office automation are unsuitable and/or not manageable. The employment of mobile services in the industrial automation technology has the potential of significant cost and time savings. This leads to an increased productivity in various fields of the AT, for example in the factory and process automation or in production logistics. In this paper technologies and solutions for an automation-suited supply of mobile wireless services will be introduced under the criteria of real time suitability, IT-security and service orientation. Emphasis will be put on the investigation and development of wireless convergence layers for different radio technologies, on the central provision of support services for an easy-to-use, central, backup enabled management of combined wired / wireless networks and on the study on integrability in a Profinet real-time Ethernet network.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ReisgenSchleserAbdurakhmanovetal.2012,
  author    = {Reisgen, Uwe and Schleser, Markus and Abdurakhmanov, Aydemir and Gumenyuk, Andrey},
  title     = {Measuring of plasma properties induced by non-vacuum electron beam welding},
  series = {Physics of plasma},
  volume    = {19},
  journal   = {Physics of plasma},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {AIP Publishing},
  address   = {Melville, NY},
  issn      = {1089-7674 (E-Journal); 1070-664X (Print)},
  doi       = {10.1063/1.3675874},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Electron beam plasma measurement was realised by means of DIABEAM system invented by ISF RWTH Aachen. The Langmuir probe method is used for measurement. The relative simplicity of the method and the possibility of dispersion of high power on the probe allow its application for the investigation of high-power electron beams. The key element of the method is a rotating thin tungsten wire, which intersects the beam transversely on its axis and collects part of the current by itself. The signals, which are registered in the DIABEAM as a voltage, were taken in the form of amplitude. The conversion of the probe current into the distribution along the beam radius was realised using the Abel's method. A voltage-current characteristic was built for the beam current. The local electron density as well as the electron temperature, the floating potential and the plasma potential were measured and calculated by means of this characteristic.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ReisgenOlschokJakobsetal.2012,
  author    = {Reisgen, Uwe and Olschok, Simon and Jakobs, Stefan and Schleser, Markus and Mokrov, Oleg and Rossiter, Eduardo},
  title     = {Laser beam submerged arc hybrid welding},
  series = {Physics procedia},
  volume    = {39},
  journal   = {Physics procedia},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1875-3892},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.phpro.2012.10.016},
  pages     = {75 -- 83},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {The laser beam-submerged arc hybrid welding method originates from the knowledge that, with increasing penetration depth, the laser beam process has a tendency to pore formation in the lower weld regions. The coupling with the energy-efficient submerged-arc process improves degassing and reduces the tendency to pore formation. The high deposition rate of the SA process in combination with the laser beam process offers, providing the appropriate choice of weld preparation, the possibility of welding plates with a thickness larger than 20° mm in a single pass, and also of welding thicker plates with the double-sided single pass technique.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ScheikSchleserReisgen2012,
  author    = {Scheik, Sven and Schleser, Markus and Reisgen, Uwe},
  title     = {Thermisches Direktf{\"u}gen von Metall und Kusntstoff: eine Alternative zur Klebtechnik},
  series = {Adh{\"a}sion : Kleben \& Dichten},
  volume    = {56},
  journal   = {Adh{\"a}sion : Kleben \& Dichten},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {Springer Vieweg},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  issn      = {0001-8198 (E-Journal); 0001-8198 (Print)},
  doi       = {10.1007/s35145-012-0005-x},
  pages     = {36 -- 40},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Im Rahmen des Exzellenzclusters „Integrative Produktionstechnik f{\"u}r Hochlohnl{\"a}nder" der RWTHAachen University werden derzeit alternative Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metall/Kunststoff- Verbindungen untersucht. Eines davon ist das thermische Direktf{\"u}gen, das eine stoffschl{\"u}ssige Verbindung zwischen Kunststoff und Metall erm{\"o}glicht und ohne die Verwendung von Klebstoffen, Haftvermittlern oder mechanischen Verbindungshilfen auskommt.},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{PfeifferBalcGebhardt2021,
  author    = {Pfeiffer, Johann and Balc, Nicolae and Gebhardt, Andreas},
  title     = {Studie zur Untersuchung der Auswirkung von Fr{\"a}sbahnstrategien auf die Oberfl{\"a}chenqualit{\"a}t von mittels SLM gefertigten Metallteilen},
  series = {Tagungsband 21. Nachwuchswissenschaftler*innenkonferenz},
  booktitle = {Tagungsband 21. Nachwuchswissenschaftler*innenkonferenz},
  publisher = {Verlag Ernst-Abbe-Hochschule Jena},
  address   = {Jena},
  isbn      = {978-3-932886-36-2},
  pages     = {99 -- 102},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {F{\"u}r die Herstellung von metallischen Bauteilen wird in der heutigen Zeit eine Vielzahl von Verfahren auf dem Markt angeboten. Dabei stehen die additiven im Wettbewerb zu den konventionellen Verfahren. Die erreichbaren Oberfl{\"a}chenqualit{\"a}ten der additiven sind nicht mit denen spanender Verfahren vergleichbar. F{\"u}r diesen Beitrag wurde analysiert, ob sich ein mittels Selektivem Laserschmelzen (SLM) additiv hergestellter Edelstahl hinsichtlich seiner Oberfl{\"a}chenqualit{\"a}t nach der Zerspanung von einem umgeformten konventionell hergestellten Edelstahl gleicher Sorte unterscheidet.},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{PfaffMelcherFranzen2018,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Melcher, Karin and Franzen, Julian},
  title     = {Rare event simulation to optimise maintenance intervals of safety critical redundant subsystems},
  series = {Proceedings of the European Conference of the PHM Society},
  volume    = {4},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the European Conference of the PHM Society},
  number    = {1},
  pages     = {1 -- 6},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BabilonWilbringTappertetal.2018,
  author    = {Babilon, Katharina and Wilbring, Daniela and Tappert, Tim and Pfaff, Raphael and Enning, Manfred},
  title     = {Schienenfahrzeugtechnik hands on - FH Aachen IMechE Railway Challenge},
  series = {Ingenieurspiegel},
  journal   = {Ingenieurspiegel},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Public Verlag},
  address   = {Bingen},
  issn      = {1868-5919},
  pages     = {20 -- 22},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{ShahidiPfaffEnning2017,
  author    = {Shahidi, Parham and Pfaff, Raphael and Enning, Manfred},
  title     = {The connected wagon - a concept for the integration of vehicle side sensors and actors with cyber physical representation for condition based maintenance},
  series = {First International Conference on Rail Transportation},
  booktitle = {First International Conference on Rail Transportation},
  pages     = {1 -- 8},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{PfaffSchmidtEnning2017,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Schmidt, B. D. and Enning, Manfred},
  title     = {Towards inclusion of the freight rail system in the industrial internet of things - Wagon 4.0},
  series = {Stephenson Conference, London, March 2017},
  booktitle = {Stephenson Conference, London, March 2017},
  pages     = {1 -- 10},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Pfaff2006,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {Modelling of nonlinear systems using piecewise defined models},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchmidtEnningPfaff2018,
  author    = {Schmidt, Bernd and Enning, Manfred and Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {G{\"u}terwagen 4.0 - Der G{\"u}terwagen f{\"u}r das Internet der Dinge Teil 3: Einf{\"u}hrungsszenarien f{\"u}r aktive, kommunikative G{\"u}terwagen},
  series = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  volume    = {67},
  journal   = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {DVV Media Group},
  address   = {Hamburg},
  issn      = {0013-2845},
  pages     = {60 -- 64},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Wenn durch innovative, automatisierte G{\"u}terwagen betriebswirtschaftliche Vorteile nutzbar gemacht werden sollen, muss die Migration auf das neue System in sinnvollen Teilschritten unter Ber{\"u}cksichtigung der organisationellen und betrieblichen Vereinbarkeit vorgenommen werden. Eine stufenweise Migration mit Nachr{\"u}stbarkeit und Kompatibilit{\"a}t kann die optimale Ausstattungsvariante f{\"u}r die unterschiedlichen Betriebsszenarien sowie eine Steigerung der Wirtschaftlichkeit des Gesamtsystems bieten.},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{BueckingPfaffDirksmeier2018,
  author    = {B{\"u}cking, Henrik and Pfaff, Raphael and Dirksmeier, Roger},
  title     = {Sensor positioning and thermal model for condition monitoring of pressure gas reservoirs in vehicles},
  series = {Proceedings of the Fourth European Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2018},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fourth European Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2018},
  pages     = {5 Seiten},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{PfaffMoshiriReichetal.2017,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Moshiri, Amir and Reich, Alexander and G{\"a}bel, Markus},
  title     = {Modelling of the effect of sanding on the wheel-rail adhesion area},
  series = {First International Conference on Rail Transportation},
  booktitle = {First International Conference on Rail Transportation},
  pages     = {1 -- 7},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@masterthesis{Pfaff2007,
  type      = {Bachelor Thesis},
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {Automated processing of the ISL Doppler images},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{PfaffBurnham2008,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Burnham, Keith J.},
  title     = {On abstraction and interpretability: a behavioural perspective},
  series = {19th International Conference on Systems Engineering 2008 : ICSENG '08 : 19 - 21 Aug. 2008, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada},
  booktitle = {19th International Conference on Systems Engineering 2008 : ICSENG '08 : 19 - 21 Aug. 2008, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {Piscataway, NJ},
  organization    = {International Conference on Systems Engineering <19, 2008, Las Vegas, Nev.>},
  isbn      = {978-0-7695-3331-5 ; 978-0-7695-2719-2},
  pages     = {89 -- 94},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{MoshiriKahakPfaffGaebeletal.2017,
  author    = {Moshiri-Kahak, Amir and Pfaff, Raphael and G{\"a}bel, Markus and Reich, Alexander},
  title     = {Modellierung der Adh{\"a}sionsfl{\"a}che im Rad-Schiene-Kontakt unter Einsatz von reibwertverbessernden Mitteln},
  series = {15. Internationale Schienenfahrzeugtagung Rad Schiene 2017, Dresden, M{\"a}rz 2017},
  booktitle = {15. Internationale Schienenfahrzeugtagung Rad Schiene 2017, Dresden, M{\"a}rz 2017},
  pages     = {3 Seiten},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{PfaffSappler2014,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Sappler, Magnus},
  title     = {TRANSPACT : die automatische Mittelpufferkupplung f{\"u}r attraktiven G{\"u}terverkehr},
  series = {RAIL-FREIGHT 2014 : Zukunft des Schieneng{\"u}terverkehrs ; Technologie - {\"O}konomie - {\"O}kologie - Verkehrspolitik ; [Tagungsdokumentation des IV. Internationalen Fachsymposiums zum Thema Schieneng{\"u}terverkehr] (Bahntechnik Aktuell ; 48)},
  booktitle = {RAIL-FREIGHT 2014 : Zukunft des Schieneng{\"u}terverkehrs ; Technologie - {\"O}konomie - {\"O}kologie - Verkehrspolitik ; [Tagungsdokumentation des IV. Internationalen Fachsymposiums zum Thema Schieneng{\"u}terverkehr] (Bahntechnik Aktuell ; 48)},
  publisher = {Verl. d. IFV Bahntechnik},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-940727-41-1},
  pages     = {121 -- 128},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{WollertFiedlerStockmann1994,
  author    = {Wollert, J{\"o}rg and Fiedler, J{\"o}rg and Stockmann, T.},
  title     = {Automatisieren mit dem PC : was der Personal Computer kann und wo er passen muss},
  series = {Elektronik : Fachmedium f{\"u}r industrielle Anwender und Entwickler},
  journal   = {Elektronik : Fachmedium f{\"u}r industrielle Anwender und Entwickler},
  number    = {Nr. 6},
  issn      = {0013-5658},
  pages     = {76 -- 82},
  year      = {1994},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BernauKnoedlerEmontsetal.2022,
  author    = {Bernau, C. R. and Kn{\"o}dler, Matthias and Emonts, Jessica and J{\"a}pel, Ronald Colin and Buyel, Johannes Felix},
  title     = {The use of predictive models to develop chromatography-based purification processes},
  series = {Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology},
  number    = {10},
  publisher = {Frontiers Media},
  address   = {Lausanne},
  issn      = {2296-4185 (online-ressource)},
  doi       = {10.3389/fbioe.2022.1009102},
  pages     = {25 Seiten},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Chromatography is the workhorse of biopharmaceutical downstream processing because it can selectively enrich a target product while removing impurities from complex feed streams. This is achieved by exploiting differences in molecular properties, such as size, charge and hydrophobicity (alone or in different combinations). Accordingly, many parameters must be tested during process development in order to maximize product purity and recovery, including resin and ligand types, conductivity, pH, gradient profiles, and the sequence of separation operations. The number of possible experimental conditions quickly becomes unmanageable. Although the range of suitable conditions can be narrowed based on experience, the time and cost of the work remain high even when using high-throughput laboratory automation. In contrast, chromatography modeling using inexpensive, parallelized computer hardware can provide expert knowledge, predicting conditions that achieve high purity and efficient recovery. The prediction of suitable conditions in silico reduces the number of empirical tests required and provides in-depth process understanding, which is recommended by regulatory authorities. In this article, we discuss the benefits and specific challenges of chromatography modeling. We describe the experimental characterization of chromatography devices and settings prior to modeling, such as the determination of column porosity. We also consider the challenges that must be overcome when models are set up and calibrated, including the cross-validation and verification of data-driven and hybrid (combined data-driven and mechanistic) models. This review will therefore support researchers intending to establish a chromatography modeling workflow in their laboratory.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EmontsBuyel2023,
  author    = {Emonts, Jessica and Buyel, Johannes Felix},
  title     = {An overview of descriptors to capture protein properties - Tools and perspectives in the context of QSAR modeling},
  series = {Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal},
  journal   = {Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal},
  number    = {21},
  publisher = {Research Network of Computational and Structural Biotechnology},
  address   = {Gotenburg},
  issn      = {2001-0370 (online-ressource)},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.csbj.2023.05.022},
  pages     = {3234 -- 3247},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Proteins are important ingredients in food and feed, they are the active components of many pharmaceutical products, and they are necessary, in the form of enzymes, for the success of many technical processes. However, production can be challenging, especially when using heterologous host cells such as bacteria to express and assemble recombinant mammalian proteins. The manufacturability of proteins can be hindered by low solubility, a tendency to aggregate, or inefficient purification. Tools such as in silico protein engineering and models that predict separation criteria can overcome these issues but usually require the complex shape and surface properties of proteins to be represented by a small number of quantitative numeric values known as descriptors, as similarly used to capture the features of small molecules. Here, we review the current status of protein descriptors, especially for application in quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) models. First, we describe the complexity of proteins and the properties that descriptors must accommodate. Then we introduce descriptors of shape and surface properties that quantify the global and local features of proteins. Finally, we highlight the current limitations of protein descriptors and propose strategies for the derivation of novel protein descriptors that are more informative.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Emonts2013,
  author    = {Emonts, Jessica},
  title     = {Searching for many defective edges in hypergraphs},
  publisher = {Rheinisch-Westf{\"a}lischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {VIII, 104 Seiten : Ill.},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KnoedlerRuehlEmontsetal.2019,
  author    = {Kn{\"o}dler, Matthias and R{\"u}hl, Clemens and Emonts, Jessica and Buyel, Johannes Felix},
  title     = {Seasonal weather changes affect the yield and quality of recombinant proteins produced in transgenic tobacco plants in a greenhouse setting},
  series = {Frontiers in Plant Science},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Plant Science},
  number    = {10},
  publisher = {Frontiers Media},
  address   = {Lausanne},
  issn      = {1664-462X (online-ressource)},
  doi       = {10.3389/fpls.2019.01245},
  pages     = {13 Seiten},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Transgenic plants have the potential to produce recombinant proteins on an agricultural scale, with yields of several tons per year. The cost-effectiveness of transgenic plants increases if simple cultivation facilities such as greenhouses can be used for production. In such a setting, we expressed a novel affinity ligand based on the fluorescent protein DsRed, which we used as a carrier for the linear epitope ELDKWA from the HIV-neutralizing antibody 2F5. The DsRed-2F5-epitope (DFE) fusion protein was produced in 12 consecutive batches of transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants over the course of 2 years and was purified using a combination of blanching and immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography (IMAC). The average purity after IMAC was 57 ± 26\% (n = 24) in terms of total soluble protein, but the average yield of pure DFE (12 mg kg-1) showed substantial variation (± 97 mg kg-1, n = 24) which correlated with seasonal changes. Specifically, we found that temperature peaks (>28°C) and intense illuminance (>45 klx h-1) were associated with lower DFE yields after purification, reflecting the loss of the epitope-containing C-terminus in up to 90\% of the product. Whereas the weather factors were of limited use to predict product yields of individual harvests conducted for each batch (spaced by 1 week), the average batch yields were well approximated by simple linear regression models using two independent variables for prediction (illuminance and plant age). Interestingly, accumulation levels determined by fluorescence analysis were not affected by weather conditions but positively correlated with plant age, suggesting that the product was still expressed at high levels, but the extreme conditions affected its stability, albeit still preserving the fluorophore function. The efficient production of intact recombinant proteins in plants may therefore require adequate climate control and shading in greenhouses or even cultivation in fully controlled indoor farms.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KaemperBergBegemannetal.1998,
  author    = {K{\"a}mper, Klaus-Peter and Berg, U. and Begemann, M. and Hagemann, B.},
  title     = {Series production and testing of a micro motor. Serienfertigung und Pr{\"u}fung eines Mikromotors},
  series = {Actuator 98 : 6th International Conference on New Actuators ; 17 - 19 June, 1998, Bremen, Germany ; conference proceedings / ed.: Hubert Borgmann ...},
  journal   = {Actuator 98 : 6th International Conference on New Actuators ; 17 - 19 June, 1998, Bremen, Germany ; conference proceedings / ed.: Hubert Borgmann ...},
  publisher = {Messe Bremen},
  address   = {Bremen},
  isbn      = {3-933339-00-6},
  pages     = {552 -- 555},
  year      = {1998},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{FranzenSteckenPfaffetal.2019,
  author    = {Franzen, Julian and Stecken, Jannis and Pfaff, Raphael and Kuhlenk{\"o}tter, Bernd},
  title     = {Using the Digital Shadow for a Prescriptive Optimization of Maintenance and Operation : The Locomotive in the Context of the Cyber-Physical System},
  series = {Advances in Production, Logistics and Traffic},
  booktitle = {Advances in Production, Logistics and Traffic},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-030-13535-5},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-030-13535-5_19},
  pages     = {265 -- 276},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {In competition with other modes of transport, rail freight transport is looking for solutions to become more attractive. Short-term success can be achieved through the data-driven optimization of operations and maintenance as well as the application of novel strategies such as prescriptive maintenance. After introducing the concept of prescriptive maintenance, this paper aims to prove that vehicle-focused applications of this approach indeed have the potential to increase attractiveness. However, even greater advantages can be activated if data from the horizontal network of the vehicle is available. Drawing on the state of the art in research and technology in the field of cyber-physical systems (CPS) as well as digital twins and shadows, our work serves to design a system of systems for the horizontal interconnection of a rail vehicle and to conceptualize a draft for a digital twin of a locomotive.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PfaffSchmidtPinders2015,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Schmidt, Bernd and Pinders, Udo},
  title     = {Energieeffizienz steigern durch Rekuperationseinrichtungen},
  series = {Deine Bahn},
  journal   = {Deine Bahn},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Eisenbahn-Fachverlag},
  address   = {Mainz},
  issn      = {0172-4479},
  pages     = {50 -- 53},
  year      = {2015},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{PfaffEnning2017,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Enning, Manfred},
  title     = {Die nachhaltige Alternative zum autonomen Lastwagen},
  series = {Deine Bahn},
  journal   = {Deine Bahn},
  number    = {10},
  pages     = {22 -- 26},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{PfaffGeorgeSeileretal.2005,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and George, Alfred and Seiler, Friedrich and Srulijes, Julio},
  title     = {Dopplerbild-Verfahren : Entwicklung einer neuen Auswertemethode. (Bericht / ISL / AGARD ; R 124/2005)},
  publisher = {ISL},
  address   = {Saint Louis, France},
  pages     = {X, 26 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Pfaff2013,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {Evaluation and extension of the potential for application of the behavioural framework to practical engineering problems},
  pages     = {XVI, 231 S.},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Pfaff2023,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {Braking distance prediction for vehicle consist in low-speed on-sight operation: a Monte Carlo approach},
  series = {Railway Engineering Science},
  volume    = {31},
  journal   = {Railway Engineering Science},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {SpringerOpen},
  issn      = {2662-4753 (eISSN)},
  doi       = {10.1007/s40534-023-00303-7},
  pages     = {135 -- 144},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {The first and last mile of a railway journey, in both freight and transit applications, constitutes a high effort and is either non-productive (e.g. in the case of depot operations) or highly inefficient (e.g. in industrial railways). These parts are typically managed on-sight, i.e. with no signalling and train protection systems ensuring the freedom of movement. This is possible due to the rather short braking distances of individual vehicles and shunting consists. The present article analyses the braking behaviour of such shunting units. For this purpose, a dedicated model is developed. It is calibrated on published results of brake tests and validated against a high-definition model for low-speed applications. Based on this model, multiple simulations are executed to obtain a Monte Carlo simulation of the resulting braking distances. Based on the distribution properties and established safety levels, the risk of exceeding certain braking distances is evaluated and maximum braking distances are derived. Together with certain parameters of the system, these can serve in the design and safety assessment of driver assistance systems and automation of these processes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{WilbringEnningPfaffetal.2019,
  author    = {Wilbring, Daniela and Enning, Manfred and Pfaff, Raphael and Schmidt, Bernd},
  title     = {Neue Perspektiven f{\"u}r die Bahn in der Produktions- und Distributionslogistik durch Prozessautomation},
  series = {IRSA 2019: Tagungsband, Proceedings},
  booktitle = {IRSA 2019: Tagungsband, Proceedings},
  editor    = {de Doncker, Rik W. and Nießen, Nils and Schindler, Christian},
  publisher = {RWTH Aachen},
  address   = {Aachen},
  doi       = {10.18154/RWTH-2020-00014},
  pages     = {128 -- 142},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Deutschland braucht mehr Eisenbahn um CO2-Emissionen aus dem Verkehr zu reduzieren. Sie muss zum R{\"u}ckgrat aktueller Logistikprozesse, z.B. bei Kaufmannsg{\"u}tern und E-Commerce, werden. Dies geht nicht ohne neuartige betriebliche Konzepte und eine Transformation des G{\"u}terwagens von einem „dummen St{\"u}ck Stahl" zu einem modernen Werkzeug der Logistik. Als „G{\"u}terwagen 4.0" wird ein kommunikativer und kooperativer G{\"u}terwagen verstanden, der die Voraussetzung zur Automatisierung aller Prozesse der Zugvorbereitung bereitstellt, sich aber ansonsten vollkommen kompatibel mit heutigen Betriebsverfahren im Hauptlauf pr{\"a}sentiert. Durch Kommunikation zwischen G{\"u}terwagen und umgebenden intelligenten Systemen im Sinne eines „Internet der Dinge" gelingt damit unter Anderem die Realisierung hoch effizienter Gleisanschlussverkehre, die der G{\"u}terbahn neue M{\"a}rkte abseits der klassisch bahn-affinen Verkehre erschließen und letztlich den Wandel zu einer nachhaltigen G{\"u}termobilit{\"a}t f{\"o}rdern.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{WilbringEnningPfaffetal.2020,
  author    = {Wilbring, Daniela and Enning, Manfred and Pfaff, Raphael and Schmidt, Bernd},
  title     = {Neue Perspektiven f{\"u}r die Bahn in der Produktions- und Distributionslogistik durch Prozessautomation},
  series = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  volume    = {69},
  journal   = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {DVV Mediagroup},
  address   = {Hamburg},
  issn      = {0013-2845},
  pages     = {15 -- 19},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{PfaffShahidiEnning2017,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Shahidi, Parham and Enning, Manfred},
  title     = {Connected freight rail rolling stock: a modular approach integrating sensors, actors and cyber physical systems for operational advantages and condition based maintenance},
  series = {Asia-Pacific Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society},
  booktitle = {Asia-Pacific Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society},
  pages     = {1 -- 7},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{SeilerGeorgePfaffetal.2005,
  author    = {Seiler, Friedrich and George, Alfred and Pfaff, Raphael and Srulijes, Julio},
  title     = {Stand der Entwicklung des ISL Dopplerbildverfahrens},
  series = {GALA : 13. Fachtagung Lasermethoden in der Str{\"o}mungsmesstechnik : 6. - 8. September 2005, Cottbus},
  booktitle = {GALA : 13. Fachtagung Lasermethoden in der Str{\"o}mungsmesstechnik : 6. - 8. September 2005, Cottbus},
  publisher = {Techn. Univ.},
  address   = {Cottbus},
  organization    = {Fachtagung Lasermethoden in der Str{\"o}mungsmesstechnik <13, 2005, Cottbus>},
  isbn      = {3-9805613-2-1},
  pages     = {24-1 -- 24-8},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{PfaffPichlerGeorgeetal.2007,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Pichler, Alexander and George, Alfred and Seiler, Friedrich},
  title     = {Model based image processing for flow visualisation : 16th International Conference on Systems Science, Wroclaw, Poland, September 04 - 06, 2007},
  series = {PU / Institut Franco-Allemand de Recherches de Saint-Louis ; 2007, 620},
  booktitle = {PU / Institut Franco-Allemand de Recherches de Saint-Louis ; 2007, 620},
  publisher = {ISL},
  address   = {Saint Louis, France},
  organization    = {International Conference on Systems Science <16, 2007, Wroclaw>},
  pages     = {1 -- 10},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Pfaff2017,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {Analysis of Big Data Streams to obtain Braking Reliability Information for Train Protection systems},
  series = {Asia-Pacific Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society},
  booktitle = {Asia-Pacific Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society},
  pages     = {1 -- 7},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{GaoBabilonPfaffetal.2018,
  author    = {Gao, H. and Babilon, Katharina and Pfaff, Raphael and Gan, F. and Reich, A.},
  title     = {Model of wheel-rail contact for sanding and adhesion enhancement},
  series = {Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Contact Mechanics and Wear of Rail/wheel Systems, CM 2018},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Contact Mechanics and Wear of Rail/wheel Systems, CM 2018},
  isbn      = {978-946186963-0},
  pages     = {314 -- 321},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{SeilerPichlerPfaffetal.2008,
  author    = {Seiler, Friedrich and Pichler, Alexander and Pfaff, Raphael and George, Alfred and Srulijes, Julio},
  title     = {Improved Doppler picture velocimetry and new automated processing},
  series = {14th International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics : Lisbon, Portugal, 7 - 10 July 2008},
  booktitle = {14th International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics : Lisbon, Portugal, 7 - 10 July 2008},
  organization    = {International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics <14, 2008, Lisboa>},
  pages     = {1 -- 12},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EnningPfaff2017,
  author    = {Enning, Manfred and Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {G{\"u}terwagen 4.0 - Der G{\"u}terwagen f{\"u}r das Internet der Dinge. Teil 1: Gesamtsystembetrachtung und grundlegendes Konzept},
  series = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  volume    = {66},
  journal   = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  number    = {1/2},
  publisher = {DVV Media Group},
  address   = {Hamburg},
  issn      = {0013-2845},
  pages     = {12 -- 16},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{PfaffEnning2017,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Enning, Manfred},
  title     = {G{\"u}terwagen 4.0 - Der G{\"u}terwagen f{\"u}r das Internet der Dinge. Teil 2: Ausgew{\"a}hlte technische Aspekte und Prozesse},
  series = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  volume    = {66},
  journal   = {ETR - Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {DVV Media Group},
  address   = {Hamburg},
  issn      = {0013-2845},
  pages     = {74 -- 77},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{SeilerPichlerPfaffetal.2009,
  author    = {Seiler, Friedrich and Pichler, Alexander and Pfaff, Raphael and Srulijes, Julio},
  title     = {Novel processing tools for automated doppler picture velocimetry (DPV) evaluation},
  series = {Journal of visualization},
  volume    = {Vol. 12},
  journal   = {Journal of visualization},
  number    = {Iss. 4},
  issn      = {1343-8875},
  pages     = {323 -- 337},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Pfaff2018,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {Railway Challenge 2018 - Ein Wettbewerb f{\"u}r Parkbahn-Lokomotiven},
  series = {Deine Bahn},
  booktitle = {Deine Bahn},
  issn      = {0948-7263},
  pages     = {22 -- 24},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{FranzenPindersPfaffetal.2018,
  author    = {Franzen, Julius and Pinders, Erik and Pfaff, Raphael and Enning, Manfred},
  title     = {RailCrowd's virtual fleets: Make most of your asset data},
  series = {Deine Bahn},
  journal   = {Deine Bahn},
  number    = {9},
  publisher = {Bahn-Fachverlag},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {0948-7263},
  pages     = {11 -- 13},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {For smaller railway operators or those with a diverse fleet, it can be difficult to collect sufficient data to improve maintenance programs. At the same time, new rules such as entity in charge of maintenance - ECM - regulations impose an additional workload by requiring a dedicated maintenance management system and specific reports. The RailCrowd platform sets out to facilitate compliance with ECM and similar regulations while at the same time pooling anonymised fleet data across operators to form virtual fleets, providing greater data insights.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PfaffSchmidt2016,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Schmidt, Bernd},
  title     = {Daten in der Cloud - und dann?},
  series = {Deine Bahn},
  journal   = {Deine Bahn},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Bahn-Fachverlag},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {0948-7263},
  pages     = {50 -- 55},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Schienenverkehrssysteme stehen in zunehmendem Wettbewerb, sowohl untereinander als auch mit anderen Verkehrstr{\"a}gern. Als wichtiger Aspekt zur Steigerung der Kosteneffizienz wird die Digitalisierung des Betriebs und der Fahrzeuge betrachtet. {\"U}ber eine Prognose der Ausfallwahrscheinlichkeit bzw. Restlebensdauer von Subsystemen k{\"o}nnen mittels Digitalisierung die Instandhaltungskosten gesenkt werden. Die geringen Fehlerraten im System Bahn machen die Nutzung besonderer Simulationstechniken notwendig. In diesem Beitrag wird gezeigt, wie sich die Subsystemverf{\"u}gbarkeit aus den beobachteten Fehlerraten der Teilfunktionen vorhersagen l{\"a}sst.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Pfaff2017,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {Einsatz von offenen Onlinekursen in der Eisenbahnlehre},
  series = {Deine Bahn},
  journal   = {Deine Bahn},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Bahn-Fachverlag},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {0948-7263},
  pages     = {12 -- 16},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Eigene positive Erfahrungen mit Onlinekursen sowie die geringen Studierendenzahlen in der Pr{\"a}senzlehre gaben den Anstoß zu einem Experiment mit einem offenen Onlinekurs auf der Plattform Udemy. Die Erfahrungen sowohl bei der Erstellung und als auch im Lehrbetrieb waren positiv und f{\"u}hrten zu einer neuen Besch{\"a}ftigung mit Inhalten und Lernenden, getrieben durch die Anforderungen der Lernplattform.},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{PfaffLarkowskiBurnham2011,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Larkowski, Tomasz and Burnham, Keith J.},
  title     = {An application of adaptive control in the behavioural framework},
  series = {21st International Conference on Systems Engineering (ICSEng) : 16 - 18 Aug. 2011, Las Vegas, Nevada ; proceedings},
  booktitle = {21st International Conference on Systems Engineering (ICSEng) : 16 - 18 Aug. 2011, Las Vegas, Nevada ; proceedings},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {Piscataway, NJ},
  organization    = {International Conference on Systems Engineering <21, 2011, Las Vegas>},
  isbn      = {978-1-4577-1078-0 ; 978-0-7695-4495-3},
  pages     = {49 -- 54},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{PfaffLarkowskiBurnham2010,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Larkowski, Tomasz and Burnham, Keith J.},
  title     = {An approach to adaptive control in the behavioural framework},
  series = {UKACC International Conference on Control 2010 (CONTROL 2010) : Coventry, United Kingdom, 7 - 10 September 2010 ; Vol. 2. (IET seminar digest ; 2010/004)},
  booktitle = {UKACC International Conference on Control 2010 (CONTROL 2010) : Coventry, United Kingdom, 7 - 10 September 2010 ; Vol. 2. (IET seminar digest ; 2010/004)},
  publisher = {Curran},
  address   = {Red Hook, NY},
  organization    = {United Kingdom Automatic Control Council},
  isbn      = {978-1-62748-119-9},
  pages     = {833 -- 838},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Pfaff2017,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {Apps f{\"u}r den G{\"u}terwagen? Wie der G{\"u}terwagen 4.0 die effiziente Integration der G{\"u}terbahn in ERTMS erm{\"o}glicht},
  series = {Ingenieurspiegel},
  journal   = {Ingenieurspiegel},
  number    = {2},
  pages     = {1 -- 2},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Pfaff2015,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {Praxisnahe Ausbildung im Fach Schienenfahrzeugtechnik},
  series = {Deine Bahn},
  journal   = {Deine Bahn},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {Eisenbahn-Fachverlag},
  address   = {Mainz},
  issn      = {0172-4479},
  pages     = {52 -- 55},
  year      = {2015},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{PfaffBurnham2009,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Burnham, Keith J.},
  title     = {On abstraction and interpretability: a behavioural perspective},
  series = {Systems Science},
  volume    = {Vol. 35},
  journal   = {Systems Science},
  number    = {Iss. 2},
  issn      = {0137-1223},
  pages     = {19 -- 26},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EnningPfaff2016,
  author    = {Enning, Manfred and Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {Digitalisierung bringt mehr G{\"u}ter auf die Schiene},
  series = {Sonderprojekte ATM/MTZ},
  volume    = {21},
  journal   = {Sonderprojekte ATM/MTZ},
  number    = {6 (suppl.)},
  publisher = {Springer Fachmedien},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  issn      = {2509-4610},
  doi       = {10.1007/s41491-016-0570-7},
  pages     = {34 -- 37},
  year      = {2016},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{PfaffVinsonneauBurnham2006,
  author    = {Pfaff, Raphael and Vinsonneau, B. and Burnham, K. J.},
  title     = {Multiple models for nonlinear systems},
  series = {Proceedings / Eigteenth International Conference on Systems Engineering : ICSE 2006 : 5 - 7 September 2006 ; [held at Coventry University, UK]},
  booktitle = {Proceedings / Eigteenth International Conference on Systems Engineering : ICSE 2006 : 5 - 7 September 2006 ; [held at Coventry University, UK]},
  organization    = {International Conference on Systems Engineering <18, 2006, Coventry>},
  isbn      = {1-84600-013-0},
  pages     = {347 -- 352},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EnningPfaff2017,
  author    = {Enning, Manfred and Pfaff, Raphael},
  title     = {G{\"u}terwagen 4.0 - Mehr als nur technischer Fortschritt},
  series = {Privatbahn-Magazin},
  journal   = {Privatbahn-Magazin},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Bahn Media},
  address   = {Suhlendorf},
  issn      = {1865-0163},
  pages     = {21 -- 25},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Lokomotiven sind dank modernster Konzepte der Antriebstechnik heute energiesparend und umweltfreundlich. Eine Ausr{\"u}stung mit Telematik und Assistenzfunktionen ist Standard. Auf der Strecke zeigt sich moderne Technik in Form elektronischer Stellwerke und Zugsicherungssysteme und in Rangier- und Abstellanlagen als EOW-Technik. Am G{\"u}terwagen hingegen ist der technische Fortschritt komplett vorbeigegangen. Auch beim modernsten Wagen (Abb. 1) ist die einzige „Automatik"-Funktion die zentral {\"u}ber die Hauptluftleitung (HL) versorgte und bet{\"a}tigte Luftbremse.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EichlerBalcBremenetal.2024,
  author    = {Eichler, Fabian and Balc, Nicolae and Bremen, Sebastian and Schleser, Markus and Schwarz, Alexander},
  title     = {Research on reducing residual stresses of SLM parts made for downstream welding process},
  series = {Acta Technica Napocensis},
  volume    = {67},
  journal   = {Acta Technica Napocensis},
  number    = {1s},
  publisher = {Technical University of Cluj-Napoca},
  address   = {Cluj-Napoca},
  issn      = {1221-5872},
  pages     = {69 -- 78},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {In the face of the current trend towards larger and more complex production tasks in the SLM process and the current limitations in terms of maximum build space, the welding of SLM components to each other or to conventionally manufactured parts is becoming increasingly relevant. The fusion welding of SLM components made of 316L has so far been rarely investigated and if so, then for highly specialised laser welding processes. When welding with industrial gas welding processes such as MIG/MAG or TIG welding, distortions occur which are associated with the resulting residual stresses in the components. This paper investigates process-side influencing factors to avoid resulting residual stresses in SLM components made of 316L. The aim is to develop a strategy to build up SLM components as stress-free as possible in order to join them as profitably as possible with a downstream welding process. For this purpose, influencing parameters such as laser power, scan speed, but also scan vector length and different scan patterns are investigated with regard to their influence on residual stresses.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AbbasBalcBremenetal.2024,
  author    = {Abbas, Karim and Balc, Nicolae and Bremen, Sebastian and Hedwig, Lukas},
  title     = {Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) in rapid tooling: advancements and applications for fused filament fabrication of rubber molds},
  series = {Acta Technica Napocensis},
  volume    = {67},
  journal   = {Acta Technica Napocensis},
  number    = {1s},
  publisher = {Technical University of Cluj-Napoca},
  address   = {Cluj-Napoca},
  issn      = {1221-5872},
  pages     = {13 -- 22},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Establishing high-performance polymers in additive manufacturing opens up new industrial applications. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) was initially used in aerospace but is now widely applied in automotive, electronics, and medical industries. This study focuses on developing applications using PEEK and Fused Filament Fabrication for cost-efficient vulcanization injection mold production. A proof of concept confirms PEEK's suitability for AM mold making, withstanding vulcanization conditions. Printing PEEK above its glass transition temperature of 145 °C is preferable due to its narrow process window. A new process strategy at room temperature is discussed, with micrographs showing improved inter-layer bonding at 410°C nozzle temperature and 0.1 mm layer thickness. Minimizing the layer thickness from 0.15 mm to 0.1 mm improves tensile strength by 16\%.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LuftArntz2024,
  author    = {Luft, Nils and Arntz, Kristian},
  title     = {The impact and challenges of Industry 4.0 on factory design, organization and management},
  series = {Acta Technica Napocensis},
  volume    = {67},
  journal   = {Acta Technica Napocensis},
  number    = {1s},
  publisher = {Technical University of Cluj-Napoca},
  address   = {Cluj-Napoca},
  issn      = {1221-5872},
  pages     = {151 -- 158},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {The fourth industrial revolution is on its way to reshape manufacturing and value creation in a profound way. The underlying technologies like cyber-physical systems (CPS), big data, collaborative robotics, additive manufacturing or artificial intelligence offer huge potentials for the optimization and evolution of production systems. However, many manufacturing companies struggle to implement these technologies. This can only in part be attributed to the lack of skilled personal within these companies or a missing digitalization strategy. Rather, there is a fundamental incompatibility between the way current production systems and companies (Industry 3.0) are structured across multiple dimensions compared to what is necessary for industry 4.0. This is especially true in manufacturing systems and their transition towards flexible, decentralized and autonomous value creation networks. This paper shows across various dimensions these incompatibilities within manufacturing systems, explores their reasons and discusses a different approach to create a foundation for Industry 4.0 in manufacturing companies.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LuftBalcBremen2024,
  author    = {Luft, Angela and Balc, Nicolae and Bremen, Sebastian},
  title     = {Experts' perspectives on the adoption of additive manufacturing in the industry and its interrelated implications in production structures},
  series = {Acta Technica Napocensis},
  volume    = {67},
  journal   = {Acta Technica Napocensis},
  number    = {1s},
  publisher = {Technical University of Cluj-Napoca},
  address   = {Cluj-Napoca},
  issn      = {1221-5872},
  pages     = {159 -- 168},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Additive Manufacturing (AM) is a topic that is becoming more relevant to many companies globally. With AM's progressive development and use for series production, integrating the technology into existing production structures is becoming an important criterion for businesses. This study qualitatively examines the actual state and different perspectives on the integration of AM in production structures. Seven semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed. The interview partners were high-level experts in Additive Manufacturing and production systems from industry and science. Four main themes were identified. Key findings are the far-reaching interrelationships and implications of AM within production structures. Specific AM-related aspects were identified. Those can be used to increase the knowledge and practical application of the technology in the industry and as a foundation for economic considerations.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EnningBolligMannetal.2001,
  author    = {Enning, Manfred and Bollig, Alexander and Mann, S. and Kaierle, Stefan},
  title     = {Modellgest{\"u}tzte Pr{\"a}diktive Regelung beim Laserstrahlschweißen / Bollig, A. ; Mann, S. ; Enning, M. ; Kaierle, S.},
  series = {Automatisierungstechnische Praxis : atp. 43 (2001), H. 7},
  journal   = {Automatisierungstechnische Praxis : atp. 43 (2001), H. 7},
  isbn      = {0178-2320},
  pages     = {35 -- 39},
  year      = {2001},
  language  = {de}
}