@article{BurgerRumpfDoetal.2021, author = {Burger, Ren{\´e} and Rumpf, Jessica and Do, Xuan Tung and Monakhova, Yulia and Diehl, Bernd W. K. and Rehahn, Matthias and Schulze, Margit}, title = {Is NMR combined with multivariate regression applicable for the molecular weight determination of randomly cross-linked polymers such as lignin?}, series = {ACS Omega}, volume = {6}, journal = {ACS Omega}, number = {44}, publisher = {ACS Publications}, address = {Washington, DC}, issn = {2470-1343}, doi = {10.1021/acsomega.1c03574}, pages = {29516 -- 29524}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The molecular weight properties of lignins are one of the key elements that need to be analyzed for a successful industrial application of these promising biopolymers. In this study, the use of 1H NMR as well as diffusion-ordered spectroscopy (DOSY NMR), combined with multivariate regression methods, was investigated for the determination of the molecular weight (Mw and Mn) and the polydispersity of organosolv lignins (n = 53, Miscanthus x giganteus, Paulownia tomentosa, and Silphium perfoliatum). The suitability of the models was demonstrated by cross validation (CV) as well as by an independent validation set of samples from different biomass origins (beech wood and wheat straw). CV errors of ca. 7-9 and 14-16\% were achieved for all parameters with the models from the 1H NMR spectra and the DOSY NMR data, respectively. The prediction errors for the validation samples were in a similar range for the partial least squares model from the 1H NMR data and for a multiple linear regression using the DOSY NMR data. The results indicate the usefulness of NMR measurements combined with multivariate regression methods as a potential alternative to more time-consuming methods such as gel permeation chromatography.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Buchenroth2021, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Buchenroth, Gina}, title = {Hanging shoes: ein Schuhregal f{\"u}r Sneaker}, publisher = {FH Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, school = {Fachhochschule Aachen}, pages = {122 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Dieses Jahr werden allein in Deutschland ca. 47 Millionen Sneaker verkauft. Die Sneakerbranche boomt und ist nicht mehr aufzuhalten. Was zu Beginn nur ein Sportschuh war, ist heute ein Lifestyleprodukt und auf dem Markt und im Alltag nicht mehr wegzudenken. Der Hype um den neuesten Sneaker ist unglaublich groß und das Bed{\"u}rfnis nach dem Pr{\"a}sentieren und dem zur Schau stellen w{\"a}chst. Mit der float collection gelingt es, den Verkaufs- und Ausstellungsraum ganz individuell und vielseitig zu gestalten. Das Besondere hier ist, dass die Schuhe sich visuell schwebend in den Regalen etablieren und so von allen Seiten betrachtet werden k{\"o}nnen. Das Konstrukt ist modular und bringt durch das Material Metall eine lange Produktlebensdauer mit sich. So bringst du nicht nur die Sneaker, sondern auch die Herzen deiner Kunden zum Schweben. Let the shoes float.}, language = {de} } @article{BrockhausBehbahaniMurisetal.2021, author = {Brockhaus, Moritz K. and Behbahani, Mehdi and Muris, Farina and Jansen, Sebastian V. and Schmitz- Rode, Thomas and Steinseifer, Ulrich and Clauser, Johanna C.}, title = {In vitro thrombogenicity testing of pulsatile mechanical circulatory support systems: Design and proof-of-concept}, series = {Artificial Organs}, volume = {45}, journal = {Artificial Organs}, number = {12}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1525-1594}, doi = {10.1111/aor.14046}, pages = {1513 -- 1521}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Thrombogenic complications are a main issue in mechanical circulatory support (MCS). There is no validated in vitro method available to quantitatively assess the thrombogenic performance of pulsatile MCS devices under realistic hemodynamic conditions. The aim of this study is to propose a method to evaluate the thrombogenic potential of new designs without the use of complex in-vivo trials. This study presents a novel in vitro method for reproducible thrombogenicity testing of pulsatile MCS systems using low molecular weight heparinized porcine blood. Blood parameters are continuously measured with full blood thromboelastometry (ROTEM; EXTEM, FIBTEM and a custom-made analysis HEPNATEM). Thrombus formation is optically observed after four hours of testing. The results of three experiments are presented each with two parallel loops. The area of thrombus formation inside the MCS device was reproducible. The implantation of a filter inside the loop catches embolizing thrombi without a measurable increase of platelet activation, allowing conclusions of the place of origin of thrombi inside the device. EXTEM and FIBTEM parameters such as clotting velocity (α) and maximum clot firmness (MCF) show a total decrease by around 6\% with a characteristic kink after 180 minutes. HEPNATEM α and MCF rise within the first 180 minutes indicate a continuously increasing activation level of coagulation. After 180 minutes, the consumption of clotting factors prevails, resulting in a decrease of α and MCF. With the designed mock loop and the presented protocol we are able to identify thrombogenic hot spots inside a pulsatile pump and characterize their thrombogenic potential.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Breuer2021, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Breuer, Annika}, title = {Transformativer Designguide: Konzeption eines digitalen Guides f{\"u}r nachhaltige Designentwicklungen}, publisher = {FH Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, school = {Fachhochschule Aachen}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Designer entwerfen und gestalten oft, ohne die Gew{\"a}hrleistung von Ressourcen zu ber{\"u}cksichtigen. Nat{\"u}rliche Ressourcen werden im {\"U}bermaß verbraucht. Die Erde kommt mit dem Erneuern nicht mehr hinterher. Der Transformative Designguide ist ein digitaler Leitfaden f{\"u}r nachhaltige Designprozesse, der zu mehr Bewusstsein in der Produktion und im Design f{\"u}hrt, um Ressourcen langfristig einzusparen. Der Guide vermittelt ein umfassendes Bild und liefert alle ben{\"o}tigten Infos auf einen Blick. Das Design des Guides zeigt, dass nachhaltiges Design mehr Qualit{\"a}t durch erh{\"o}htes bewusstes Denken und Seriosit{\"a}t mit sich bringt. Die verschiedenen Herangehensweisen werden in einer einzigartigen 360° Navigation angezeigt. Animierte Grafiken scannen Materialien und Prozesse auf Nachhaltigkeit. Das Design des Guides wirkt dynamisch und sorgt f{\"u}r mehr Aufkl{\"a}rung im Bereich Ressourcenschutz.}, language = {de} } @article{BraunChengDoweyetal.2021, author = {Braun, Sebastian and Cheng, Chi-Tsun and Dowey, Steve and Wollert, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Performance evaluation of skill-based order-assignment in production environments with multi-agent systems}, series = {IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Industrial Electronics}, journal = {IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Industrial Electronics}, number = {Early Access}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {New York}, issn = {2687-9735}, doi = {10.1109/JESTIE.2021.3108524}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The fourth industrial revolution introduces disruptive technologies to production environments. One of these technologies are multi-agent systems (MASs), where agents virtualize machines. However, the agent's actual performances in production environments can hardly be estimated as most research has been focusing on isolated projects and specific scenarios. We address this gap by implementing a highly connected and configurable reference model with quantifiable key performance indicators (KPIs) for production scheduling and routing in single-piece workflows. Furthermore, we propose an algorithm to optimize the search of extrema in highly connected distributed systems. The benefits, limits, and drawbacks of MASs and their performances are evaluated extensively by event-based simulations against the introduced model, which acts as a benchmark. Even though the performance of the proposed MAS is, on average, slightly lower than the reference system, the increased flexibility allows it to find new solutions and deliver improved factory-planning outcomes. Our MAS shows an emerging behavior by using flexible production techniques to correct errors and compensate for bottlenecks. This increased flexibility offers substantial improvement potential. The general model in this paper allows the transfer of the results to estimate real systems or other models.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Bos2021, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Bos, Shania}, title = {Living Books: ein Event rund um das Thema Lesen}, publisher = {FH Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, school = {Fachhochschule Aachen}, pages = {95 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Living Books ist ein in Aachen stationiertes Event der Buchhandlungskette Mayersche, welches Kinder und Jugendliche zum Lesen animieren soll, indem Technik und Unterhaltungsmedien mit dem Buch verbunden werden. Hierzu werden die M{\"o}glichkeiten der virtuellen Realit{\"a}t genutzt sowie einzigartige Marketingstrategien, die sich ebenfalls neuartiger Technik bedienen, um das Interesse und die Neugierde junger Menschen zu wecken. Vor Ort wird man zum ersten Mal mit dem Buch konfrontiert. Bis dahin wirkt das Event schlichtweg wie ein Fantreffen zu Buchverfilmungen. Nacheinander betreten die jungen Besucher mithilfe einer VR-Brille eine Welt, die einem Buch entstammt, um ihnen die Geschichte spielerisch n{\"a}herzubringen. Mithilfe der neuen Welt und einem pl{\"o}tzlichen Ende soll Neugierde f{\"u}r das Buch geweckt werden. Das Interesse f{\"u}r die Geschichte soll am Ende gr{\"o}ßer sein als die Abneigung gegen das Lesen.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{BornheimGriegerBialonski2021, author = {Bornheim, Tobias and Grieger, Niklas and Bialonski, Stephan}, title = {FHAC at GermEval 2021: Identifying German toxic, engaging, and fact-claiming comments with ensemble learning}, series = {Proceedings of the GermEval 2021 Workshop on the Identification of Toxic, Engaging, and Fact-Claiming Comments : 17th Conference on Natural Language Processing KONVENS 2021}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the GermEval 2021 Workshop on the Identification of Toxic, Engaging, and Fact-Claiming Comments : 17th Conference on Natural Language Processing KONVENS 2021}, publisher = {Heinrich Heine University}, address = {D{\"u}sseldorf}, doi = {10.48415/2021/fhw5-x128}, pages = {105 -- 111}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{BohndickBosseJaenschetal.2021, author = {Bohndick, Carla and Bosse, Elke and J{\"a}nsch, Vanessa K. and Barnat, Miriam}, title = {How different diversity factors affect the perception of first-year requirements in higher education}, series = {Frontline Learning Research}, volume = {9}, journal = {Frontline Learning Research}, number = {2}, publisher = {EARLI}, issn = {2295-3159}, doi = {10.14786/flr.v9i2.667}, pages = {78 -- 95}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In the light of growing university entry rates, higher education institutions not only serve larger numbers of students, but also seek to meet first-year students' ever more diverse needs. Yet to inform universities how to support the transition to higher education, research only offers limited insights. Current studies tend to either focus on the individual factors that affect student success or they highlight students' social background and their educational biography in order to examine the achievement of selected, non-traditional groups of students. Both lines of research appear to lack integration and often fail to take organisational diversity into account, such as different types of higher education institutions or degree programmes. For a more comprehensive understanding of student diversity, the present study includes individual, social and organisational factors. To gain insights into their role for the transition to higher education, we examine how the different factors affect the students' perception of the formal and informal requirements of the first year as more or less difficult to cope with. As the perceived requirements result from both the characteristics of the students and the institutional context, they allow to investigate transition at the interface of the micro and the meso level of higher education. Latent profile analyses revealed that there are no profiles with complex patterns of perception of the first-year requirements, but the identified groups rather differ in the overall level of perceived challenges. Moreover, SEM indicates that the differences in the perception largely depend on the individual factors self-efficacy and volition.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Blumenthal2021, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Blumenthal, Lea Katrin}, title = {Manipulation: Ein didaktisches interaktives Ausstellungskonzept}, publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, school = {Fachhochschule Aachen}, pages = {125 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Bei dem Projekt handelt es sich um eine interaktive Station f{\"u}r Jugendliche mit dem Ziel, Manipulation im Alltag zu entlarven und mithilfe von konkreten Beispielen spielerisch zu lernen. Im Dialog stehen sich Individuen in st{\"a}ndiger Beeinflussung gegen{\"u}ber. Das Wissen darum kann bewusst (aus)genutzt werden und den Gespr{\"a}chspartner zu „unbewusstem" Handeln verleiten. Eine entsprechende Nutzung zum eigenen Vorteil bezeichnet man als Manipulation. Es soll bei Jugendlichen ein Bewusstsein geschaffen werden, um gezielt Manipulation zu erkennen. Erstellt wird hierf{\"u}r eine Installation im Raum mit einer abstrahierten, metaphorischen Darstellung von Manipulation. Die Jugendlichen erfahren sich im interaktiven Part einerseits in der Situation eines Manipulationsopfers und andererseits als Manipulant. Die begehbare Station vermittelt {\"u}ber die R{\"a}umlichkeit das Gef{\"u}hl der Bedr{\"a}ngnis und erzeugt auf plakative Weise eine k{\"o}rperliche Erfahrung einer Bredouille, die im psychischen Zusammenhang zu Manipulation steht.}, language = {de} } @article{BlankeRegerDoeringetal.2021, author = {Blanke, Tobias and Reger, Vitali and D{\"o}ring, Bernd and G{\"o}ttsche, Joachim and Kuhnhenne, Markus}, title = {Koaxiale Stahlenergiepf{\"a}hle}, series = {Stahlbau}, volume = {90. 2021}, journal = {Stahlbau}, number = {6}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Weinheim}, pages = {417 -- 424}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Ein entscheidender Teil der Energiewende ist die W{\"a}rmewende im Geb{\"a}udesektor. Ein Schl{\"u}sselelement sind hier W{\"a}rmepumpen. Diese ben{\"o}tigen eine W{\"a}rmequelle, der sie Energie entziehen k{\"o}nnen, um sie auf ein h{\"o}heres Temperaturniveau zu transformieren. Diese W{\"a}rmequelle kann bspw. das Erdreich sein, dessen W{\"a}rme durch Erdsonden erschlossen werden kann. In diesem Beitrag werden in Stahlpf{\"a}hle integrierte Koaxialsonden mit dem Stand der Technik von Erdsonden gleichen Durchmessers bez{\"u}glich ihrer thermischen Leistungsmerkmale verglichen. Die Stahlenergiepf{\"a}hle bieten neben der W{\"a}rmegewinnung weitere Vorteile, da sie auch eine statische Funktion {\"u}bernehmen und r{\"u}ckstandsfrei zur{\"u}ckgebaut werden k{\"o}nnen. Es werden analytische und numerische Berechnungen vorgestellt, um die thermischen Potenziale beider Systeme zu vergleichen. Außerdem wird ein Testaufbau gezeigt, bei dem Stahlenergiepf{\"a}hle in zwei verschiedenen L{\"a}ngen mit vorhandenen g{\"a}ngigen Erdsonden verglichen werden k{\"o}nnen. Die Berechnungen zeigen einen deutlichen thermischen Mehrertrag zwischen 26 \% und 148 \% der Stahlenergiepf{\"a}hle gegen{\"u}ber dem Stand der Technik abh{\"a}ngig vom Erdreich. Die Messergebnisse zeigen einen thermischen Mehrertrag von {\"u}ber 100 \%. Es l{\"a}sst sich also signifikante Erdsondenl{\"a}nge einsparen. Dabei ist zu beachten, dass sich damit der thermisch genutzte Bereich des Erdreichs reduziert, wodurch die thermische Regeneration und/oder das Langzeitverhalten des Erdreichs an Bedeutung gewinnt.}, language = {de} } @article{BlankeHagenkampDoeringetal.2021, author = {Blanke, Tobias and Hagenkamp, Markus and D{\"o}ring, Bernd and G{\"o}ttsche, Joachim and Reger, Vitali and Kuhnhenne, Markus}, title = {Net-exergetic, hydraulic and thermal optimization of coaxial heat exchangers using fixed flow conditions instead of fixed flow rates}, series = {Geothermal Energy}, volume = {9}, journal = {Geothermal Energy}, number = {Article number: 19}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2195-9706}, doi = {10.1186/s40517-021-00201-3}, pages = {23 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Previous studies optimized the dimensions of coaxial heat exchangers using constant mass fow rates as a boundary condition. They show a thermal optimal circular ring width of nearly zero. Hydraulically optimal is an inner to outer pipe radius ratio of 0.65 for turbulent and 0.68 for laminar fow types. In contrast, in this study, fow conditions in the circular ring are kept constant (a set of fxed Reynolds numbers) during optimization. This approach ensures fxed fow conditions and prevents inappropriately high or low mass fow rates. The optimization is carried out for three objectives: Maximum energy gain, minimum hydraulic efort and eventually optimum net-exergy balance. The optimization changes the inner pipe radius and mass fow rate but not the Reynolds number of the circular ring. The thermal calculations base on Hellstr{\"o}m's borehole resistance and the hydraulic optimization on individually calculated linear loss of head coefcients. Increasing the inner pipe radius results in decreased hydraulic losses in the inner pipe but increased losses in the circular ring. The net-exergy diference is a key performance indicator and combines thermal and hydraulic calculations. It is the difference between thermal exergy fux and hydraulic efort. The Reynolds number in the circular ring is instead of the mass fow rate constant during all optimizations. The result from a thermal perspective is an optimal width of the circular ring of nearly zero. The hydraulically optimal inner pipe radius is 54\% of the outer pipe radius for laminar fow and 60\% for turbulent fow scenarios. Net-exergetic optimization shows a predominant infuence of hydraulic losses, especially for small temperature gains. The exact result depends on the earth's thermal properties and the fow type. Conclusively, coaxial geothermal probes' design should focus on the hydraulic optimum and take the thermal optimum as a secondary criterion due to the dominating hydraulics.}, language = {en} } @article{BerneckerBoyerGathmann2021, author = {Bernecker, Andreas and Boyer, Pierre C. and Gathmann, Christina}, title = {The Role of Electoral Incentives for Policy Innovation: Evidence from the US Welfare Reform}, series = {American Economic Journal: Economic Policy}, volume = {13}, journal = {American Economic Journal: Economic Policy}, number = {2}, publisher = {American Economic Association}, address = {Nashville, Tenn.}, issn = {1945-774X}, doi = {10.1257/pol.20190690}, pages = {26 -- 57}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{BergsMonakhovaDiehletal.2021, author = {Bergs, Michel and Monakhova, Yulia and Diehl, Bernd W. and Konow, Christopher and V{\"o}lkering, Georg and Pude, Ralf and Schulze, Margit}, title = {Lignins isolated via catalyst-free organosolv pulping from Miscanthus x giganteus, M. sinensis, M. robustus and M. nagara: a comparative study}, series = {Molecules}, volume = {26}, journal = {Molecules}, number = {4}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1420-3049}, doi = {10.3390/molecules26040842}, year = {2021}, abstract = {As a low-input crop, Miscanthus offers numerous advantages that, in addition to agricultural applications, permits its exploitation for energy, fuel, and material production. Depending on the Miscanthus genotype, season, and harvest time as well as plant component (leaf versus stem), correlations between structure and properties of the corresponding isolated lignins differ. Here, a comparative study is presented between lignins isolated from M. x giganteus, M. sinensis, M. robustus and M. nagara using a catalyst-free organosolv pulping process. The lignins from different plant constituents are also compared regarding their similarities and differences regarding monolignol ratio and important linkages. Results showed that the plant genotype has the weakest influence on monolignol content and interunit linkages. In contrast, structural differences are more significant among lignins of different harvest time and/or season. Analyses were performed using fast and simple methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Data was assigned to four different linkages (A: β-O-4 linkage, B: phenylcoumaran, C: resinol, D: β-unsaturated ester). In conclusion, A content is particularly high in leaf-derived lignins at just under 70\% and significantly lower in stem and mixture lignins at around 60\% and almost 65\%. The second most common linkage pattern is D in all isolated lignins, the proportion of which is also strongly dependent on the crop portion. Both stem and mixture lignins, have a relatively high share of approximately 20\% or more (maximum is M. sinensis Sin2 with over 30\%). In the leaf-derived lignins, the proportions are significantly lower on average. Stem samples should be chosen if the highest possible lignin content is desired, specifically from the M. x giganteus genotype, which revealed lignin contents up to 27\%. Due to the better frost resistance and higher stem stability, M. nagara offers some advantages compared to M. x giganteus. Miscanthus crops are shown to be very attractive lignocellulose feedstock (LCF) for second generation biorefineries and lignin generation in Europe.}, language = {en} } @incollection{BensbergAuthCzarnecki2021, author = {Bensberg, Frank and Auth, Gunnar and Czarnecki, Christian}, title = {Finding the perfect RPA match : a criteria-based selection method for RPA solutions}, series = {Robotic process automation : Management, technology, applications}, booktitle = {Robotic process automation : Management, technology, applications}, editor = {Czarnecki, Christian and Fettke, Peter}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, address = {Oldenbourg}, isbn = {978-3-11-067677-8}, doi = {10.1515/9783110676693-201}, pages = {47 -- 75}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The benefits of robotic process automation (RPA) are highly related to the usage of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) software products that can be easily implemented and customized by business units. But, how to find the best fitting RPA product for a specific situation that creates the expected benefits? This question is related to the general area of software evaluation and selection. In the face of more than 75 RPA products currently on the market, guidance considering those specifics is required. Therefore, this chapter proposes a criteria-based selection method specifically for RPA. The method includes a quantitative evaluation of costs and benefits as well as a qualitative utility analysis based on functional criteria. By using the visualization of financial implications (VOFI) method, an application-oriented structure is provided that opposes the total cost of ownership to the time savings times salary (TSTS). For the utility analysis a detailed list of functional criteria for RPA is offered. The whole method is based on a multi-vocal review of scientific and non-scholarly literature including publications by business practitioners, consultants, and vendors. The application of the method is illustrated by a concrete RPA example. The illustrated structures, templates, and criteria can be directly utilized by practitioners in their real-life RPA implementations. In addition, a normative decision process for selecting RPA alternatives is proposed before the chapter closes with a discussion and outlook.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Beil2021, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Beil, Franziska}, title = {Mobilit{\"a}t im Alter: der Rollator der n{\"a}chsten Generation}, publisher = {FH Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, school = {Fachhochschule Aachen}, pages = {73 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Da die Gesellschaft in Deutschland immer {\"a}lter wird, steigt auch die Nachfrage nach Gehhilfen wie beispielsweise einem Rollator. Im Alter steigt das Erkrankungsrisiko f{\"u}r Krankheiten, die die Mobilit{\"a}t erschweren k{\"o}nnen. An diesem Punkt setzt der Rollator MORO an und bietet wieder Sicherheit beim Gehen. F{\"u}r den MORO sind Hindernisse wie Bordsteinkanten kein Problem, da er sie mit speziellen R{\"a}dern spielend {\"u}berwinden kann. Zus{\"a}tzlich bietet er ergonomische Handgriffe, die entsprechend der jeweiligen Krankheit angepasst und ausgetauscht werden k{\"o}nnen sowie einen Sitz und eine R{\"u}ckenlehne. Da der MORO aus Carbon hergestellt wird, ist er leicht in der Handhabung und somit wird die Mitnahme im Auto oder Bus und Bahn erleichtert. Durch seine verbesserte Ergonomie, individueller Anpassung und Leichtigkeit kann man wieder selbstst{\"a}ndig durch die Welt gehen.}, language = {de} } @article{BechtSchollmayerMonakhovaetal.2021, author = {Becht, Alexander and Schollmayer, Curd and Monakhova, Yulia and Holzgrabe, Ulrike}, title = {Tracing the origin of paracetamol tablets by near-infrared, mid-infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy using principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis}, series = {Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry}, volume = {413}, journal = {Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, issn = {1618-2650}, doi = {10.1007/s00216-021-03249-z}, pages = {3107 -- 3118}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Most drugs are no longer produced in their own countries by the pharmaceutical companies, but by contract manufacturers or at manufacturing sites in countries that can produce more cheaply. This not only makes it difficult to trace them back but also leaves room for criminal organizations to fake them unnoticed. For these reasons, it is becoming increasingly difficult to determine the exact origin of drugs. The goal of this work was to investigate how exactly this is possible by using different spectroscopic methods like nuclear magnetic resonance and near- and mid-infrared spectroscopy in combination with multivariate data analysis. As an example, 56 out of 64 different paracetamol preparations, collected from 19 countries around the world, were chosen to investigate whether it is possible to determine the pharmaceutical company, manufacturing site, or country of origin. By means of suitable pre-processing of the spectra and the different information contained in each method, principal component analysis was able to evaluate manufacturing relationships between individual companies and to differentiate between production sites or formulations. Linear discriminant analysis showed different results depending on the spectral method and purpose. For all spectroscopic methods, it was found that the classification of the preparations to their manufacturer achieves better results than the classification to their pharmaceutical company. The best results were obtained with nuclear magnetic resonance and near-infrared data, with 94.6\%/99.6\% and 98.7/100\% of the spectra of the preparations correctly assigned to their pharmaceutical company or manufacturer.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Bayer2021, author = {Bayer, Robin}, title = {Development of a novel in-vitro vascular model for determination of physiological and pathophysiological mechanobiology}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t zu K{\"o}ln}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-362212}, pages = {IV, 115 Seiten}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @misc{Bartsch2021, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Bartsch, Janosch}, title = {Kleidung {\"u}ber Kleidung: eine Bekleidungsserie, die {\"u}ber die Bekleidungsindustrie informiert}, publisher = {FH Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, school = {Fachhochschule Aachen}, pages = {182 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Kleidung ist ein Kommunikationsmedium. Im Projekt wird Bekleidung als Informationstr{\"a}ger genutzt, um {\"u}ber die verschiedenen Abschnitte im Zyklus eines Kleidungsst{\"u}cks sowie die Missst{\"a}nde in der Bekleidungsindustrie zu informieren. Entstanden sind 6 Kleidungsst{\"u}cke, jeweils eins pro Abschnitt im Zyklus, vom Baumwollanbau {\"u}ber Spinnereien, Produktionsfabriken, dem Einzelhandel und Gebrauch bis zur Entsorgung. Die einfach gehaltenen Kleidungsst{\"u}cke besitzen Aufdrucke. {\"U}ber eine Augmented-Reality-App k{\"o}nnen die Kleidungsst{\"u}cke gescannt werden. In Kombination mit der digitalen Ebene werden die Aufdrucke zu Informationsgrafiken. So wird unter anderem {\"u}ber die grausamen Arbeitsumst{\"a}nde in der Produktion informiert oder dar{\"u}ber, dass wir unsere Kleidungsst{\"u}cke durchschnittlich nur 4x anziehen. Immer geht es darum, den Betrachter dazu anzuregen, seine Konsumentscheidungen zu {\"u}berdenken.}, language = {de} } @article{BallVoegeleGrajewskietal.2021, author = {Ball, Christopher Stephen and V{\"o}gele, Stefan and Grajewski, Matthias and Kuckshinrichs, Wilhelm}, title = {E-mobility from a multi-actor point of view: Uncertainties and their impacts}, series = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change}, volume = {170}, journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change}, number = {Art. 120925}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, isbn = {0040-1625}, doi = {10.1016/j.techfore.2021.120925}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BalaskasHoffmeisterButenwegetal.2021, author = {Balaskas, Georgios and Hoffmeister, Benno and Butenweg, Christoph and Pilz, Marco and Bauer, Anna}, title = {Earthquake early warning and response system based on intelligent seismic and monitoring sensors embedded in a communication platform and coupled with BIM models}, series = {8th ECCOMAS Thematic Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering}, booktitle = {8th ECCOMAS Thematic Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering}, editor = {Papadrakakis, Manolis and Fragiadakis, Michalis}, publisher = {National Technical University of Athens}, address = {Athen}, isbn = {978-618-85072-5-8}, issn = {2623-3347}, doi = {10.7712/120121.8539.18855}, pages = {987 -- 998}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This paper describes the concept of an innovative, interdisciplinary, user-oriented earthquake warning and rapid response system coupled with a structural health monitoring system (SHM), capable to detect structural damages in real time. The novel system is based on interconnected decentralized seismic and structural health monitoring sensors. It is developed and will be exemplarily applied on critical infrastructures in Lower Rhine Region, in particular on a road bridge and within a chemical industrial facility. A communication network is responsible to exchange information between sensors and forward warnings and status reports about infrastructures'health condition to the concerned recipients (e.g., facility operators, local authorities). Safety measures such as emergency shutdowns are activated to mitigate structural damages and damage propagation. Local monitoring systems of the infrastructures are integrated in BIM models. The visualization of sensor data and the graphic representation of the detected damages provide spatial content to sensors data and serve as a useful and effective tool for the decision-making processes after an earthquake in the region under consideration.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{BaesslerKleinkunen2021, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Baeßler, Franziska and Kleinkunen, Tristan}, title = {MOBI: zukunftsorientiertes modulares Baukastensystem f{\"u}r Bibliotheken}, publisher = {FH Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, school = {Fachhochschule Aachen}, pages = {209 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Das Ziel des Bibliothekskonzeptes ist es, Hybridbibliotheken als Symbiose aus zukunftsweisender Medientechnologie und klassischer Funktionalit{\"a}t in Modulbauweise in Bestandsarchitektur zu integrieren. Der L{\"o}sungsansatz liegt in einer kosteng{\"u}nstigen dynamischen Modularit{\"a}t, welche als Plug-In, Add-On, Single oder Mobilkonzept nutzbar ist. Das modulare System setzt hierbei auf Grundmodule, welche f{\"u}r unterschiedlichste r{\"a}umliche Gegebenheiten skaliert werden k{\"o}nnen. Somit k{\"o}nnen Einrichtungen neue Funktionalit{\"a}ten integrieren oder auf tempor{\"a}re Anforderungen strategisch reagieren. Durch die einfache Montage und Transportf{\"a}higkeit lassen sich sehr schnell zeitbegrenzte oder dauerhafte Raumkonzepte umsetzen. Das System nimmt die Dynamik des sich ver{\"a}ndernden Bedarfs auf und passt sich flexibel den Zielgruppen an, was im Gegensatz dazu bei statischen Systemen nicht der Fall ist.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Aretz2021, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Aretz, Jannik}, title = {Venus und Mars}, publisher = {FH Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, school = {Fachhochschule Aachen}, pages = {41 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Venus und Mars - Mann und Frau. Ein bin{\"a}res System, welches heutzutage einer st{\"a}ndigen Hinterfragung ausgesetzt ist. Woraus entstand dieses System und wie manipulativ ist das Geschlecht wirklich? Die Pionierwerke der Gender Studies/Queer Studies zeigten auf, dass jeder Mensch sein Geschlecht durch das Imitieren von sozial-gesellschaftlich festgelegten Normen und Werten bildet. Drag-K{\"u}nstler*innen leben diesen Prozess in einer visuellen Form vor, indem sie Geschlechternormen aufgreifen und sie unabh{\"a}ngig vom biologischen Geschlecht der Darstellenden inszenieren, imitieren, parodieren und neu zusammensetzen. Jede Performance auf den Fotografien greift ebenfalls vorhandene Vorstellungen von Geschlecht auf und interpretiert sie neu: denn Drag kennt kein Original, genauso wenig wie das Geschlecht.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Anders2021, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Anders, Milena}, title = {Alternative Landwirtschaft - Wo kommt unser Essen her?}, publisher = {FH Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, school = {Fachhochschule Aachen}, pages = {79 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In den letzten 1.5 Jahren haben wir sehr deutlich gemerkt, dass es den Klimawandel wirklich gibt - ein Virus, welches unsere gesamte Welt auf links dreht, {\"U}berschwemmungskatastrophen, extreme Temperaturschwankungen, etc. Es ist also Zeit etwas zu ver{\"a}ndern, es ist Zeit aktiv hinzusehen und zu handeln - bewusst zu leben, bewusst zu konsumieren. Das Thema Ern{\"a}hrung wird zwar immer wichtiger f{\"u}r einige von uns, jedoch reicht mir die Aufmerksamkeit bisher nicht. Es sind nicht nur Lebensmittel, welche nach dem Aufenthalt im Supermarkt in unserem K{\"u}hlschrank und anschließend in unserem Bauch landen. Mit diesen Lebensmitteln gehen außerdem folgende Aspekte einher: der Klimawandel, unsere Gesundheit, die Ausbeutung von Tieren, Menschen und Natur. Also wie sieht eigentlich der Enstehungsprozess hinter all diesen (meist) verpackten Lebensmitteln aus? Einen Teil dieser Prozesse habe ich mir im Rahmen meiner Bachelorarbeit angeschaut. Ich habe ausschließlich Bio-H{\"o}fe besucht, um mir ein eigenes Bild von "alternativer Landwirtschaft" zu machen. Die Arbeit erm{\"o}glicht Interessierten einen neutralen Einblick hinter die Kulisse unserer Lebensmittel und schafft eine Anregung f{\"u}r einen bewussteren Konsum.}, language = {de} } @incollection{AltherrLeisePfetschetal.2021, author = {Altherr, Lena and Leise, Philipp and Pfetsch, Marc E. and Schmitt, Andreas}, title = {Optimal design of resilient technical systems on the example of water supply systems}, series = {Mastering Uncertainty in Mechanical Engineering}, booktitle = {Mastering Uncertainty in Mechanical Engineering}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-78356-3}, pages = {429 -- 433}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @incollection{AltherrLeise2021, author = {Altherr, Lena and Leise, Philipp}, title = {Resilience as a concept for mastering uncertainty}, series = {Mastering Uncertainty in Mechanical Engineering}, booktitle = {Mastering Uncertainty in Mechanical Engineering}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-78353-2}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-78354-9}, pages = {412 -- 417}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{AlexyukBogoyavlenskiyAlexyuketal.2021, author = {Alexyuk, Madina and Bogoyavlenskiy, Andrey and Alexyuk, Pavel and Moldakhanov, Yergali and Berezin, Vladimir and Digel, Ilya}, title = {Epipelagic microbiome of the Small Aral Sea: Metagenomic structure and ecological diversity}, series = {MicrobiologyOpen}, volume = {10}, journal = {MicrobiologyOpen}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {2045-8827}, doi = {10.1002/mbo3.1142}, pages = {1 -- 10}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Microbial diversity studies regarding the aquatic communities that experienced or are experiencing environmental problems are essential for the comprehension of the remediation dynamics. In this pilot study, we present data on the phylogenetic and ecological structure of microorganisms from epipelagic water samples collected in the Small Aral Sea (SAS). The raw data were generated by massive parallel sequencing using the shotgun approach. As expected, most of the identified DNA sequences belonged to Terrabacteria and Actinobacteria (40\% and 37\% of the total reads, respectively). The occurrence of Deinococcus-Thermus, Armatimonadetes, Chloroflexi in the epipelagic SAS waters was less anticipated. Surprising was also the detection of sequences, which are characteristic for strict anaerobes—Ignavibacteria, hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria, and archaeal methanogenic species. We suppose that the observed very broad range of phylogenetic and ecological features displayed by the SAS reads demonstrates a more intensive mixing of water masses originating from diverse ecological niches of the Aral-Syr Darya River basin than presumed before.}, language = {en} } @article{AlbannaConzenWeissetal.2021, author = {Albanna, Walid and Conzen, Catharina and Weiss, Miriam and Seyfried, Katharina and Kotliar, Konstantin and Schmidt, Tobias Philip and Kuerten, David and Hescheler, J{\"u}rgen and Bruecken, Anne and Schmidt-Trucks{\"a}ss, Arno and Neumaier, Felix and Wiesmann, Martin and Clusmann, Hans and Schubert, Gerrit Alexander}, title = {Non-invasive assessment of neurovascular coupling after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a prospective observational trial using retinal vessel analysis}, series = {Frontiers in Neurology}, volume = {12}, journal = {Frontiers in Neurology}, number = {12}, issn = {1664-2295}, doi = {10.3389/fneur.2021.690183}, pages = {1 -- 15}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is a common complication after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) and can lead to infarction and poor clinical outcome. The underlying mechanisms are still incompletely understood, but animal models indicate that vasoactive metabolites and inflammatory cytokines produced within the subarachnoid space may progressively impair and partially invert neurovascular coupling (NVC) in the brain. Because cerebral and retinal microvasculature are governed by comparable regulatory mechanisms and may be connected by perivascular pathways, retinal vascular changes are increasingly recognized as a potential surrogate for altered NVC in the brain. Here, we used non-invasive retinal vessel analysis (RVA) to assess microvascular function in aSAH patients at different times after the ictus.}, language = {en} } @article{AkimbekovDigelTastambeketal.2021, author = {Akimbekov, Nuraly S. and Digel, Ilya and Tastambek, Kuanysh T. and Sherelkhan, Dinara K. and Jussupova, Dariya B. and Altynbay, Nazym P.}, title = {Low-rank coal as a source of humic substances for soil amendment and fertility management}, series = {Agriculture}, volume = {11}, journal = {Agriculture}, number = {12}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2077-0472}, doi = {10.3390/agriculture11121261}, pages = {25 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Humic substances (HS), as important environmental components, are essential to soil health and agricultural sustainability. The usage of low-rank coal (LRC) for energy generation has declined considerably due to the growing popularity of renewable energy sources and gas. However, their potential as soil amendment aimed to maintain soil quality and productivity deserves more recognition. LRC, a highly heterogeneous material in nature, contains large quantities of HS and may effectively help to restore the physicochemical, biological, and ecological functionality of soil. Multiple emerging studies support the view that LRC and its derivatives can positively impact the soil microclimate, nutrient status, and organic matter turnover. Moreover, the phytotoxic effects of some pollutants can be reduced by subsequent LRC application. Broad geographical availability, relatively low cost, and good technical applicability of LRC offer the advantage of easy fulfilling soil amendment and conditioner requirements worldwide. This review analyzes and emphasizes the potential of LRC and its numerous forms/combinations for soil amelioration and crop production. A great benefit would be a systematic investment strategy implicating safe utilization and long-term application of LRC for sustainable agricultural production.}, language = {en} } @article{AkimbekovDigelAbdievaetal.2021, author = {Akimbekov, Nuraly and Digel, Ilya and Abdieva, Gulzhamal and Ualieva, Perizat and Tastambek, Kuanysh}, title = {Lignite biosolubilization and bioconversion by Bacillus sp.: the collation of analytical data}, series = {Biofuels}, volume = {12}, journal = {Biofuels}, number = {3}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, address = {London}, issn = {1759-7277}, pages = {247 -- 258}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The vast metabolic potential of microbes in brown coal (lignite) processing and utilization can greatly contribute to innovative approaches to sustainable production of high-value products from coal. In this study, the multi-faceted and complex coal biosolubilization process by Bacillus sp. RKB 7 isolate from the Kazakhstan coal-mining soil is reported, and the derived products are characterized. Lignite solubilization tests performed for surface and suspension cultures testify to the formation of numerous soluble lignite-derived substances. Almost 24\% of crude lignite (5\% w/v) was solubilized within 14 days under slightly alkaline conditions (pH 8.2). FTIR analysis revealed various functional groups in the obtained biosolubilization products. Analyses of the lignite-derived humic products by UV-Vis and fluorescence spectrometry as well as elemental analysis yielded compatible results indicating the emerging products had a lower molecular weight and degree of aromaticity. Furthermore, XRD and SEM analyses were used to evaluate the biosolubilization processes from mineralogical and microscopic points of view. The findings not only contribute to a deeper understanding of microbe-mineral interactions in coal environments, but also contribute to knowledge of coal biosolubilization and bioconversion with regard to sustainable production of humic substances. The detailed and comprehensive analyses demonstrate the huge biotechnological potential of Bacillus sp. for agricultural productivity and environmental health.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{AdenackerGerhardsOttenetal.2021, author = {Adenacker, J. and Gerhards, Benjamin and Otten, Christian and Schleser, Markus}, title = {Laserstrahlschweißen von Aluminium-Kupfer-Werkstoffkombinationen f{\"u}r die Elektromobilit{\"a}t}, series = {DVS CONGRESS 2021}, booktitle = {DVS CONGRESS 2021}, publisher = {DVS Media GmbH}, address = {D{\"u}sseldorf}, isbn = {978-3-96144-146-4}, pages = {31 -- 38}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @book{AbrahamAhmadianBuettgenbachetal.2021, author = {Abraham, Michelle and Ahmadian, Natalia and B{\"u}ttgenbach, Thomas and Keller, Nadja and Paumer, Marc and Plum, Axel}, title = {Aachener Online-Schriften Wirtschaft und Recht. Band 1/2021}, editor = {Kroll-Ludwigs, Kathrin and Bassen-Metz, Yasmine and Bernecker, Andreas and Eggert, Mathias and Fritz, Thomas and H{\"o}hne, Tim and Tran, Duc Hung and Vogt, J{\"u}rgen}, publisher = {FH Aachen / Fachbereich Wirtschaftswissenschaften}, address = {Aachen}, publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen}, pages = {370 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Inhaltsverzeichnis 1. Whistleblowing - Chancen \& Risiken von Hinweisgebersystemen aus Arbeitnehmer- und Arbeitgebersicht - Michelle Abraham 3-70 2. Die Bedeutung und rechtliche Bewertung von Vesting-Klauseln bei der Venture-Capital Finanzierung einer Start-Up GmbH - Natalia Ahmadian 71-137 3. Bewertung der M{\"o}glichkeit zur Einf{\"u}hrung von Tarifvertr{\"a}gen im deutschen Berufsfußball - Thomas B{\"u}ttgenbach 138-190 4. Pflichten und Haftungsrisiken des GmbH-Gesch{\"a}ftsf{\"u}hrers bei Compliance-Verst{\"o}ßen - Naja Keller 191-234 5. Aktienr{\"u}ckk{\"a}ufe auf dem deutschen Markt nach der Finanzkrise 2008/2009 - Marc Paumer 235-287 6. Will Germany reach its 2030 climate goals in the transportation sector? - An investigation focusing on the new German Emission Trading System - Axel Plum 288-369}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10314, title = {Dimensionen 1-2021: Magazin der FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences - 50 Jahre FH Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, organization = {Fachhochschule Aachen}, pages = {62 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {04| Adieda \& Welkomme 06| Das WIR wird großgeschrieben 08| Hoch aus dem Norden, da komm ich her! 12| „Ich m{\"o}chte ein Heimatgef{\"u}hl erzeugen" 14| Das neue Rektorat - pers{\"o}nlich und privat 18| „Wir m{\"u}ssen uns einen Kompass geben" 20| Keime im Wasser 22| „Ist mitgemeint auch wirklich mitgedacht?" 24| Wachs f{\"u}r den Weltraum 28| Auslandssemester trotz Pandemie 30| Virtuelles Reinschnuppern 31| Top-Platzierungen f{\"u}r die FH 32| Luftstrom 36| Gr{\"u}nden will gelehrt sein 38| „Lebende Plastikkugel" 40| Pioniere des 21. Jahrhunderts 43| Wir bleiben in Kontakt 44| Auszeit 46| Hand in Hand ins All 48| Kampf gegen t{\"o}dliche Infektionen 50| Ein Bau f{\"u}r den Holzbau 52| Wissen ist Silber. Machen ist Gold. 60| Honorarprofessur f{\"u}r Dr. Roger Uhle 61| Faktoren ohne Null}, language = {de} }