@article{FoersterRosenauerFischeretal.1998, author = {F{\"o}rster, Arnold and Rosenauer, A. and Fischer, U. and Gerthsen, D.}, title = {Composition evaluation by lattice fringe analysis. Rosenauer, A.; Fischer U.; Gerthsen D.; F{\"o}rster A.}, series = {Ultramicroscopy. 72 (1998), H. 3-4}, journal = {Ultramicroscopy. 72 (1998), H. 3-4}, isbn = {0304-3991}, pages = {121 -- 133}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{FoersterRosenauerFischeretal.1997, author = {F{\"o}rster, Arnold and Rosenauer, A. and Fischer, U. and Gerthsen, D.}, title = {Composition evaluation of InxGa1 - xAs Stranski-Krastanow-island structures by strain state analysis / A. Rosenauer ; U. Fischer ; D. Gerthsen ; A. F{\"o}rster}, series = {Applied physics letters. 71 (1997), H. 26}, journal = {Applied physics letters. 71 (1997), H. 26}, isbn = {0003-6951}, pages = {3868 -- 3870}, year = {1997}, language = {en} } @article{WulfhorstDuweMerseburgetal.2016, author = {Wulfhorst, Helene and Duwe, Anna-Maria and Merseburg, Johannes and Tippk{\"o}tter, Nils}, title = {Compositional analysis of pretreated (beech) wood using differential scanning calorimetry and multivariate data analysis}, series = {Tetrahedron}, volume = {72}, journal = {Tetrahedron}, number = {46}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.tet.2016.04.029}, pages = {7329 -- 7334}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The composition of plant biomass varies depending on the feedstock and pre-treatment conditions and influences its processing in biorefineries. In order to ensure optimal process conditions, the quantitative proportion of the main polymeric components of the pre-treated biomass has to be determined. Current standard procedures for biomass compositional analysis are complex, the measurements are afflicted with errors and therefore often not comparable. Hence, new powerful analytical methods are urgently required to characterize biomass. In this contribution, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was applied in combination with multivariate data analysis (MVA) to detect the cellulose content of the plant biomass pretreated by Liquid Hot Water (LHW) and Organosolv processes under various conditions. Unlike conventional techniques, the developed analytic method enables the accurate quantification of monosaccharide content of the plant biomass without any previous sample preparation. It is easy to handle and avoids errors in sample preparation.}, language = {en} } @article{StaatBallmann1988, author = {Staat, Manfred and Ballmann, J.}, title = {Computation of impacts on elastic solids by methods of bicharacteristics}, series = {Computational Mechanics '88 : theory and applications ; proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Engineering Science April 10-14, 1988, Atlanta, GA, USA ; vol. 2}, journal = {Computational Mechanics '88 : theory and applications ; proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Engineering Science April 10-14, 1988, Atlanta, GA, USA ; vol. 2}, pages = {1719 -- 1722}, year = {1988}, abstract = {Shock waves, explosions, impacts or cavitation bubble collapses may generate stress waves in solids causing cracks or unexpected dammage due to focussing, physical nonlinearity or interaction with existing cracks. There is a growing interest in wave propagation, which poses many novel problems to experimentalists and theorists.}, subject = {Bicharakteristikenverfahren}, language = {en} } @article{NguyenXuanRabczukNguyenThoietal.2011, author = {Nguyen-Xuan, H. and Rabczuk, T. and Nguyen-Thoi, T. and Tran, Thanh Ngoc and Nguyen-Thanh, N.}, title = {Computation of limit and shakedown loads using a node-based smoothed finite element method}, series = {International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering}, volume = {90}, journal = {International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering}, number = {3}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1097-0207}, doi = {10.1002/nme.3317}, pages = {287 -- 310}, year = {2011}, abstract = {This paper presents a novel numerical procedure for computing limit and shakedown loads of structures using a node-based smoothed FEM in combination with a primal-dual algorithm. An associated primal-dual form based on the von Mises yield criterion is adopted. The primal-dual algorithm together with a Newton-like iteration are then used to solve this associated primal-dual form to determine simultaneously both approximate upper and quasi-lower bounds of the plastic collapse limit and the shakedown limit. The present formulation uses only linear approximations and its implementation into finite element programs is quite simple. Several numerical examples are given to show the reliability, accuracy, and generality of the present formulation compared with other available methods.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{LandAGligorevic2004, author = {Land, Ingmar and A., Peter and Gligorevic, Snjezana}, title = {Computation of symbol-wise mutual information in transmission systems with logAPP decoders and application to EXIT charts}, series = {5th International ITG Conference on Source and Channel Coding (SCC) : January 14 - 16, 2004, Erlangen ; conference record. (ITG-Fachbericht ; 181)}, booktitle = {5th International ITG Conference on Source and Channel Coding (SCC) : January 14 - 16, 2004, Erlangen ; conference record. (ITG-Fachbericht ; 181)}, publisher = {VDE-Verl.}, address = {Berlin [u.a.]}, organization = {International Conference Source and Channel Coding <5, 2004, Erlangen>}, isbn = {3-8007-2802-8}, pages = {195 -- 202}, year = {2004}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ReimerBraunChenetal.2007, author = {Reimer, Lars and Braun, Carsten and Chen, B.-H. and Ballmann, Josef}, title = {Computational aeroelastic analysis and design of the HIRENASD wind tunnel wing model and tests}, series = {Proceedings / IFASD 2007, CEAS/AIAA/KTH International Forum on Aeroelasticity and Structural Dynamics : June 18 - 21, 2007, Stockholm, Sweden}, booktitle = {Proceedings / IFASD 2007, CEAS/AIAA/KTH International Forum on Aeroelasticity and Structural Dynamics : June 18 - 21, 2007, Stockholm, Sweden}, publisher = {KTH}, address = {Stockholm}, pages = {1 CD-ROM}, year = {2007}, language = {en} } @incollection{BrittenBraunHesseetal.2003, author = {Britten, G. and Braun, Carsten and Hesse, M. and Ballmann, Josef}, title = {Computational aeroelasticity with reduced structural models}, series = {Flow modulation and fluid-structure interaction at airplane wings : research results of the Collaborative Research Center SFB 401 at RWTH Aachen, University of Technology, Aachen, Germany / Josef Ballmann (Ed.) Notes on numerical fluid mechanics and multidisciplinary design. Vol. 84}, booktitle = {Flow modulation and fluid-structure interaction at airplane wings : research results of the Collaborative Research Center SFB 401 at RWTH Aachen, University of Technology, Aachen, Germany / Josef Ballmann (Ed.) Notes on numerical fluid mechanics and multidisciplinary design. Vol. 84}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {3-540-40209-8}, pages = {275 -- 299}, year = {2003}, language = {en} } @incollection{BhattaraiFrotscherStaat2018, author = {Bhattarai, Aroj and Frotscher, Ralf and Staat, Manfred}, title = {Computational Analysis of Pelvic Floor Dysfunction}, series = {Women's Health and Biomechanics}, booktitle = {Women's Health and Biomechanics}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-319-71574-2}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-71574-2_17}, pages = {217 -- 230}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) is characterized by the failure of the levator ani (LA) muscle to maintain the pelvic hiatus, resulting in the descent of the pelvic organs below the pubococcygeal line. This chapter adopts the modified Humphrey material model to consider the effect of the muscle fiber on passive stretching of the LA muscle. The deformation of the LA muscle subjected to intra-abdominal pressure during Valsalva maneuver is compared with the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination of a nulliparous female. Numerical result shows that the fiber-based Humphrey model simulates the muscle behavior better than isotropic constitutive models. Greater posterior movement of the LA muscle widens the levator hiatus due to lack of support from the anococcygeal ligament and the perineal structure as a consequence of birth-related injury and aging. Old and multiparous females with uncontrolled urogenital and rectal hiatus tend to develop PFDs such as prolapse and incontinence.}, language = {en} } @article{BehbahaniWalugaArltetal.2008, author = {Behbahani, Mehdi and Waluga, C. and Arlt, S. and Behr, M. and Mottaghy, K.}, title = {Computational Analysis of Platelet Aggregation in a Taylor-Couette System}, series = {The International Journal of Artificial Organs. 31 (2008), H. 7}, journal = {The International Journal of Artificial Organs. 31 (2008), H. 7}, isbn = {0391-3988}, pages = {643}, year = {2008}, language = {en} } @article{BhattaraiStaat2018, author = {Bhattarai, Aroj and Staat, Manfred}, title = {Computational comparison of different textile implants to correct apical prolapse in females}, series = {Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering}, volume = {4}, journal = {Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering}, number = {1}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1515/cdbme-2018-0159}, pages = {661 -- 664}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Prosthetic textile implants of different shapes, sizes and polymers are used to correct the apical prolapse after hysterectomy (removal of the uterus). The selection of the implant before or during minimally invasive surgery depends on the patient's anatomical defect, intended function after reconstruction and most importantly the surgeon's preference. Weakness or damage of the supporting tissues during childbirth, menopause or previous pelvic surgeries may put females in higher risk of prolapse. Numerical simulations of reconstructed pelvic floor with weakened tissues and organ supported by textile product models: DynaMesh®-PRS soft, DynaMesh®-PRP soft and DynaMesh®-CESA from FEG Textiletechnik mbH, Germany are compared.}, language = {en} } @article{MalinowskiFournierHorbachetal.2022, author = {Malinowski, Daniel and Fournier, Yvan and Horbach, Andreas and Frick, Michael and Magliani, Mirko and Kalverkamp, Sebastian and Hildinger, Martin and Spillner, Jan and Behbahani, Mehdi and Hima, Flutura}, title = {Computational fluid dynamics analysis of endoluminal aortic perfusion}, series = {Perfusion}, volume = {0}, journal = {Perfusion}, number = {0}, publisher = {Sage}, address = {London}, issn = {1477-111X}, doi = {10.1177/02676591221099809}, pages = {1 -- 8}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Introduction: In peripheral percutaneous (VA) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) procedures the femoral arteries perfusion route has inherent disadvantages regarding poor upper body perfusion due to watershed. With the advent of new long flexible cannulas an advancement of the tip up to the ascending aorta has become feasible. To investigate the impact of such long endoluminal cannulas on upper body perfusion, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) study was performed considering different support levels and three cannula positions. Methods: An idealized literature-based- and a real patient proximal aortic geometry including an endoluminal cannula were constructed. The blood flow was considered continuous. Oxygen saturation was set to 80\% for the blood coming from the heart and to 100\% for the blood leaving the cannula. 50\% and 90\% venoarterial support levels from the total blood flow rate of 6 l/min were investigated for three different positions of the cannula in the aortic arch. Results: For both geometries, the placement of the cannula in the ascending aorta led to a superior oxygenation of all aortic blood vessels except for the left coronary artery. Cannula placements at the aortic arch and descending aorta could support supra-aortic arteries, but not the coronary arteries. All positions were able to support all branches with saturated blood at 90\% flow volume. Conclusions: In accordance with clinical observations CFD analysis reveals, that retrograde advancement of a long endoluminal cannula can considerably improve the oxygenation of the upper body and lead to oxygen saturation distributions similar to those of a central cannulation.}, language = {en} } @article{AlexopoulosBreitbachHoffschmidtetal.2008, author = {Alexopoulos, Spiros and Breitbach, Gerd and Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Stobbe, P.}, title = {Computational fluid flow of porous resic ceramic filtering modules and optimization of the channel edge form geometry}, series = {Proceedings : April 14 - 18, 2008, Leipzig, Germany / hosted by VDI, Society for Chemical and Process Engineering . Vol 2}, journal = {Proceedings : April 14 - 18, 2008, Leipzig, Germany / hosted by VDI, Society for Chemical and Process Engineering . Vol 2}, publisher = {Filtech Exhibitions}, address = {Meerbusch}, pages = {300 -- 304}, year = {2008}, language = {en} } @article{FrotscherKochStaat2015, author = {Frotscher, Ralf and Koch, Jan-Peter and Staat, Manfred}, title = {Computational investigation of drug action on human-induced stem cell derived cardiomyocytes}, series = {Journal of biomechanical engineering}, volume = {Vol. 137}, journal = {Journal of biomechanical engineering}, number = {iss. 7}, publisher = {ASME}, address = {New York}, issn = {1528-8951 (E-Journal); 0148-0731 (Print)}, doi = {10.1115/1.4030173}, pages = {071002-1 -- 071002-7}, year = {2015}, language = {en} } @article{HueningEifertHandricketal.2006, author = {H{\"u}ning, Felix and Eifert, T. and Handrick, K. and Neuhausen, U.}, title = {Computational Magnetochemistry: Complementary Quantum Mechanical Tools / Eifert, T. ; Handrick, K. ; H{\"u}ning, F. ; Neuhausen, U. ; Schilder, H. ; Lueken, H.}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie (ZAAC) - Journal of Inorganic and General Chemistry . 632 (2006), H. 4}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie (ZAAC) - Journal of Inorganic and General Chemistry . 632 (2006), H. 4}, publisher = {-}, isbn = {1521-3749}, pages = {521 -- 529}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @article{HueningEifertHandricketal.2006, author = {H{\"u}ning, Felix and Eifert, T. and Handrick, K. and Neuhausen, U.}, title = {Computational Magnetochemistry: Complementary Quantum Mechanical Tools / Eifert, T. ; Handrick, K. ; H{\"u}ning, F. ; Neuhausen, U. ; Schilder, H. ; Lueken, H.}, series = {20 Jahre Wilhelm-Klemm-Stiftung / Kuratorium der Wilhelm-Klemm-Stiftung (Hrsg.)}, journal = {20 Jahre Wilhelm-Klemm-Stiftung / Kuratorium der Wilhelm-Klemm-Stiftung (Hrsg.)}, publisher = {Shaker}, address = {Aachen}, isbn = {978-3-8322-5520-6}, pages = {193ff}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @incollection{ReimerWellmerBraunetal.2009, author = {Reimer, Lars and Wellmer, Georg and Braun, Carsten and Ballmann, Josef}, title = {Computational methods for aero-structural analysis and optimisation of aircrafts based on reduced-order structural models}, series = {MEGADESIGN and MegaOpt - German initiatives for aerodynamic simulation and optimization in aircraft design. Results of the closing symposium of the MEGADESIGN and MegaOpt projects, Braunschweig, Germany, 23 - 24 May, 2007 / Norbert Kroll ... (Eds.) Notes on numerical fluid mechanics and multidisciplinary design. Vol. 107}, booktitle = {MEGADESIGN and MegaOpt - German initiatives for aerodynamic simulation and optimization in aircraft design. Results of the closing symposium of the MEGADESIGN and MegaOpt projects, Braunschweig, Germany, 23 - 24 May, 2007 / Norbert Kroll ... (Eds.) Notes on numerical fluid mechanics and multidisciplinary design. Vol. 107}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-642-04092-4}, pages = {135 -- 150}, year = {2009}, abstract = {In this part of the MEGADESIGN project, aeroelastic effects are introduced into the aerodynamic analysis of aircrafts by coupling DLR's flow solvers TAU and FLOWer to a Timoshenko-beam solver. The emerging aeroelastic solvers and a method for the automatic identification of Timoshenko-beam models for wing-box structures were integrated into a simulation environment enabling the combined optimisation of aerodynamic wing shape and structure.}, language = {en} } @article{HollerButenwegNohetal.2004, author = {Holler, S. and Butenweg, Christoph and Noh, S.-Y. and Meskouris, Konstantin}, title = {Computational model of textile-reinforced concrete structures}, series = {Computers \& structures : an international journal}, volume = {Volume 82}, journal = {Computers \& structures : an international journal}, number = {Issues 23-26}, issn = {1879-2243 (E-Journal); 0045-7949 (Print)}, doi = {10.1016/j.compstruc.2004.03.076}, pages = {1971 -- 1979}, year = {2004}, language = {en} } @book{Grotendorst2006, author = {Grotendorst, Johannes}, title = {Computational Nanoscience: Do it yourself! : winter school, 14 - 22 February 2006, Forschungszentrum J{\"u}lich, Germany ; lecture notes / Grotendorst, Johannes}, publisher = {NIC}, address = {J{\"u}lich}, isbn = {3-00-017350-1}, pages = {V, 527 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @incollection{ReimerBraunBallmann2007, author = {Reimer, Lars and Braun, Carsten and Ballmann, Josef}, title = {Computational study of the aeroelastic equilibrium configuration of a swept wind tunnel wing model in subsonic flow}, series = {High performance computing in science and engineering '06. Transactions of the High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart (HLRS) 2006 / Wolfgang E. Nagel ... Eds.}, booktitle = {High performance computing in science and engineering '06. Transactions of the High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart (HLRS) 2006 / Wolfgang E. Nagel ... Eds.}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin [u.a.]}, isbn = {978-3-540-36165-7}, pages = {421 -- 434}, year = {2007}, abstract = {In the Collaborative Research Center SFB 401 at RWTH Aachen University, the numerical aeroelastic method SOFIA for direct numerical aeroelastic simulation is being progressively developed. Numerical results obtained by applying SOFIA were compared with measured data of static and dynamic aeroelastic wind tunnel tests for an elastic swept wing in subsonic flow.}, language = {en} } @article{HagerHentschkeHojdisetal.2015, author = {Hager, Jonathan and Hentschke, Reinhard and Hojdis, Nils and Karimi-Varzaneh, Hossein Ali}, title = {Computer Simulation of Particle-Particle Interaction in a Model Polymer Nanocomposite}, series = {Macromolecules}, volume = {48}, journal = {Macromolecules}, number = {24}, issn = {1520-5835}, doi = {10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01864}, pages = {9039 -- 9049}, year = {2015}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{VoronkovaBauerKotliar2014, author = {Voronkova, Eva B. and Bauer, Svetlana M. and Kotliar, Konstantin}, title = {Computer simulation of the cornea-scleral shell as applied to pressure-volume relationship in the human eye}, series = {2014 International Conference on Computer Technologies in Physical and Engineering Applications : ICCTPEA 2014 : proceedings : June 30 2014-July 4 2014, St. Petersburg}, booktitle = {2014 International Conference on Computer Technologies in Physical and Engineering Applications : ICCTPEA 2014 : proceedings : June 30 2014-July 4 2014, St. Petersburg}, organization = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers}, isbn = {978-1-4799-5315-8}, pages = {204 -- 205}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{WolfLuczak1999, author = {Wolf, Martin and Luczak, Holger}, title = {Computer Supported Communication and Cooperation - Making Information Aware / Luczak, H. ; Wolf, M.}, series = {Human-computer interaction : proceedings of HCI International '99 (the 8th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction), Munich, Germany, August 22 - 26, 1999}, journal = {Human-computer interaction : proceedings of HCI International '99 (the 8th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction), Munich, Germany, August 22 - 26, 1999}, publisher = {Erlbaum}, address = {Mahwah, NJ}, pages = {298 -- 302}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{GrotendorstDornseiffer2000, author = {Grotendorst, Johannes and Dornseiffer, J{\"u}rgen}, title = {Computer-aided Modelling and Simulation of the Thermodynamics of Steam Reforming / Grotendorst, Johannes ; Dornseiffer, J{\"u}rgen}, series = {Mathematics and Computers in Simulation. 51 (2000), H. 5}, journal = {Mathematics and Computers in Simulation. 51 (2000), H. 5}, isbn = {0378-4754}, pages = {451 -- 471}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @article{Hirschberg1994, author = {Hirschberg, Rainer}, title = {Computer-Aided-Engineering in der Technischen Geb{\"a}udeausr{\"u}stung}, series = {computer spezial (1994)}, journal = {computer spezial (1994)}, pages = {32 -- 37}, year = {1994}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{JungStaat2016, author = {Jung, Alexander and Staat, Manfred}, title = {Computing olympic gold: Ski jumping as an example}, series = {1st YRA MedTech Symposium 2016 : April 8th / 2016 / University of Duisburg-Essen}, booktitle = {1st YRA MedTech Symposium 2016 : April 8th / 2016 / University of Duisburg-Essen}, editor = {Erni, Daniel}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Duisburg-Essen}, address = {Duisburg}, organization = {MedTech Symposium}, isbn = {978-3-940402-06-6}, doi = {10.17185/duepublico/40821}, pages = {54 -- 55}, year = {2016}, language = {en} } @incollection{HoffschmidtAlexopoulosRauetal.2012, author = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Alexopoulos, Spiros and Rau, Christoph and Sattler, Johannes, Christoph and Anthrakidis, Anette and Teixeira Boura, Cristiano Jos{\´e} and O'Connor, P. and Hilger, Patrick}, title = {Concentrating solar power}, series = {Comprehensive renewable energy / ed. Ali Sayigh. Vol. 3: Solar thermal systems: components and applications}, volume = {3}, booktitle = {Comprehensive renewable energy / ed. Ali Sayigh. Vol. 3: Solar thermal systems: components and applications}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, isbn = {978-0-08-087872-0}, doi = {10.1016/B978-0-08-087872-0.00319-X}, pages = {595 -- 636}, year = {2012}, language = {en} } @incollection{HoffschmidtAlexopoulosRauetal.2021, author = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Alexopoulos, Spiros and Rau, Christoph and Sattler, Johannes, Christoph and Anthrakidis, Anette and Teixeira Boura, Cristiano Jos{\´e} and O'Connor, B. and Caminos, R.A. Chico and Rend{\´o}n, C. and Hilger, P.}, title = {Concentrating Solar Power}, series = {Earth systems and environmental sciences}, booktitle = {Earth systems and environmental sciences}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, isbn = {978-0-12-409548-9}, doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-819727-1.00089-3}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The focus of this chapter is the production of power and the use of the heat produced from concentrated solar thermal power (CSP) systems. The chapter starts with the general theoretical principles of concentrating systems including the description of the concentration ratio, the energy and mass balance. The power conversion systems is the main part where solar-only operation and the increase in operational hours. Solar-only operation include the use of steam turbines, gas turbines, organic Rankine cycles and solar dishes. The operational hours can be increased with hybridization and with storage. Another important topic is the cogeneration where solar cooling, desalination and of heat usage is described. Many examples of commercial CSP power plants as well as research facilities from the past as well as current installed and in operation are described in detail. The chapter closes with economic and environmental aspects and with the future potential of the development of CSP around the world.}, language = {en} } @incollection{HoffschmidtAlexopoulosRauetal.2022, author = {Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Alexopoulos, Spiros and Rau, Christoph and Sattler, Johannes, Christoph and Anthrakidis, Anette and Teixeira Boura, Cristiano Jos{\´e} and O'Connor, B. and Chico Caminos, R.A. and Rend{\´o}n, C. and Hilger, P.}, title = {Concentrating solar power}, series = {Comprehensive Renewable Energy (Second Edition) / Volume 3: Solar Thermal Systems: Components and Applications}, booktitle = {Comprehensive Renewable Energy (Second Edition) / Volume 3: Solar Thermal Systems: Components and Applications}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, isbn = {978-0-12-819734-9}, pages = {670 -- 724}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The focus of this chapter is the production of power and the use of the heat produced from concentrated solar thermal power (CSP) systems. The chapter starts with the general theoretical principles of concentrating systems including the description of the concentration ratio, the energy and mass balance. The power conversion systems is the main part where solar-only operation and the increase in operational hours. Solar-only operation include the use of steam turbines, gas turbines, organic Rankine cycles and solar dishes. The operational hours can be increased with hybridization and with storage. Another important topic is the cogeneration where solar cooling, desalination and of heat usage is described. Many examples of commercial CSP power plants as well as research facilities from the past as well as current installed and in operation are described in detail. The chapter closes with economic and environmental aspects and with the future potential of the development of CSP around the world.}, language = {en} } @article{CheenakulaGriebelMontagetal.2023, author = {Cheenakula, Dheeraja and Griebel, Kai and Montag, David and Gr{\"o}mping, Markus}, title = {Concept development of a mainstream deammonification and comparison with conventional process in terms of energy, performance and economical construction perspectives}, series = {Frontiers in Microbiology}, volume = {14}, journal = {Frontiers in Microbiology}, number = {11155235}, editor = {Huang, Xiaowu}, publisher = {Frontiers}, issn = {1664-302X}, doi = {10.3389/fmicb.2023.1155235}, pages = {1 -- 15}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Deammonification for nitrogen removal in municipal wastewater in temperate and cold climate zones is currently limited to the side stream of municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWWTP). This study developed a conceptual model of a mainstream deammonification plant, designed for 30,000 P.E., considering possible solutions corresponding to the challenging mainstream conditions in Germany. In addition, the energy-saving potential, nitrogen elimination performance and construction-related costs of mainstream deammonification were compared to a conventional plant model, having a single-stage activated sludge process with upstream denitrification. The results revealed that an additional treatment step by combining chemical precipitation and ultra-fine screening is advantageous prior the mainstream deammonification. Hereby chemical oxygen demand (COD) can be reduced by 80\% so that the COD:N ratio can be reduced from 12 to 2.5. Laboratory experiments testing mainstream conditions of temperature (8-20°C), pH (6-9) and COD:N ratio (1-6) showed an achievable volumetric nitrogen removal rate (VNRR) of at least 50 gN/(m3∙d) for various deammonifying sludges from side stream deammonification systems in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, where m3 denotes reactor volume. Assuming a retained Norganic content of 0.0035 kgNorg./(P.E.∙d) from the daily loads of N at carbon removal stage and a VNRR of 50 gN/(m3∙d) under mainstream conditions, a resident-specific reactor volume of 0.115 m3/(P.E.) is required for mainstream deammonification. This is in the same order of magnitude as the conventional activated sludge process, i.e., 0.173 m3/(P.E.) for an MWWTP of size class of 4. The conventional plant model yielded a total specific electricity demand of 35 kWh/(P.E.∙a) for the operation of the whole MWWTP and an energy recovery potential of 15.8 kWh/(P.E.∙a) through anaerobic digestion. In contrast, the developed mainstream deammonification model plant would require only a 21.5 kWh/(P.E.∙a) energy demand and result in 24 kWh/(P.E.∙a) energy recovery potential, enabling the mainstream deammonification model plant to be self-sufficient. The retrofitting costs for the implementation of mainstream deammonification in existing conventional MWWTPs are nearly negligible as the existing units like activated sludge reactors, aerators and monitoring technology are reusable. However, the mainstream deammonification must meet the performance requirement of VNRR of about 50 gN/(m3∙d) in this case.}, language = {en} }