@inproceedings{KohlFreyerKraemeretal.2023, author = {Kohl, Philipp and Freyer, Nils and Kr{\"a}mer, Yoka and Werth, Henri and Wolf, Steffen and Kraft, Bodo and Meinecke, Matthias and Z{\"u}ndorf, Albert}, title = {ALE: a simulation-based active learning evaluation framework for the parameter-driven comparison of query strategies for NLP}, series = {Deep Learning Theory and Applications}, booktitle = {Deep Learning Theory and Applications}, editor = {Conte, Donatello and Fred, Ana and Gusikhin, Oleg and Sansone, Carlo}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-031-39058-6 (Print)}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-39059-3_16}, pages = {235 -- 253}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Supervised machine learning and deep learning require a large amount of labeled data, which data scientists obtain in a manual, and time-consuming annotation process. To mitigate this challenge, Active Learning (AL) proposes promising data points to annotators they annotate next instead of a subsequent or random sample. This method is supposed to save annotation effort while maintaining model performance. However, practitioners face many AL strategies for different tasks and need an empirical basis to choose between them. Surveys categorize AL strategies into taxonomies without performance indications. Presentations of novel AL strategies compare the performance to a small subset of strategies. Our contribution addresses the empirical basis by introducing a reproducible active learning evaluation (ALE) framework for the comparative evaluation of AL strategies in NLP. The framework allows the implementation of AL strategies with low effort and a fair data-driven comparison through defining and tracking experiment parameters (e.g., initial dataset size, number of data points per query step, and the budget). ALE helps practitioners to make more informed decisions, and researchers can focus on developing new, effective AL strategies and deriving best practices for specific use cases. With best practices, practitioners can lower their annotation costs. We present a case study to illustrate how to use the framework.}, language = {en} } @article{WaldvogelFreylerHelmetal.2023, author = {Waldvogel, Janice and Freyler, Kathrin and Helm, Michael and Monti, Elena and St{\"a}udle, Benjamin and Gollhofer, Albert and Narici, Marco V. and Ritzmann, Ramona and Albracht, Kirsten}, title = {Changes in gravity affect neuromuscular control, biomechanics, and muscle-tendon mechanics in energy storage and dissipation tasks}, series = {Journal of Applied Physiology}, volume = {134}, journal = {Journal of Applied Physiology}, number = {1}, publisher = {American Physiological Society}, address = {Bethesda, Md.}, issn = {1522-1601 (Onlineausgabe)}, doi = {10.1152/japplphysiol.00279.2022}, pages = {190 -- 202}, year = {2023}, abstract = {This study evaluates neuromechanical control and muscle-tendon interaction during energy storage and dissipation tasks in hypergravity. During parabolic flights, while 17 subjects performed drop jumps (DJs) and drop landings (DLs), electromyography (EMG) of the lower limb muscles was combined with in vivo fascicle dynamics of the gastrocnemius medialis, two-dimensional (2D) kinematics, and kinetics to measure and analyze changes in energy management. Comparisons were made between movement modalities executed in hypergravity (1.8 G) and gravity on ground (1 G). In 1.8 G, ankle dorsiflexion, knee joint flexion, and vertical center of mass (COM) displacement are lower in DJs than in DLs; within each movement modality, joint flexion amplitudes and COM displacement demonstrate higher values in 1.8 G than in 1 G. Concomitantly, negative peak ankle joint power, vertical ground reaction forces, and leg stiffness are similar between both movement modalities (1.8 G). In DJs, EMG activity in 1.8 G is lower during the COM deceleration phase than in 1 G, thus impairing quasi-isometric fascicle behavior. In DLs, EMG activity before and during the COM deceleration phase is higher, and fascicles are stretched less in 1.8 G than in 1 G. Compared with the situation in 1 G, highly task-specific neuromuscular activity is diminished in 1.8 G, resulting in fascicle lengthening in both movement modalities. Specifically, in DJs, a high magnitude of neuromuscular activity is impaired, resulting in altered energy storage. In contrast, in DLs, linear stiffening of the system due to higher neuromuscular activity combined with lower fascicle stretch enhances the buffering function of the tendon, and thus the capacity to safely dissipate energy.}, language = {en} } @incollection{FissabreWilson2022, author = {Fissabre, Anke and Wilson, Ariane}, title = {Hypotheses on the Tower of Monthoiron: A Built Design of Italian and Leonardian Inspiration in France}, series = {Leonardo da Vinci: l'architettura / Léonard de Vinci : l'architecture}, booktitle = {Leonardo da Vinci: l'architettura / Léonard de Vinci : l'architecture}, editor = {Di Teodoro, Francesco P. and Ferretti, Emanuela and Frommel, Sabine and Schlimme, Hermann}, publisher = {Campisano Editore}, address = {Roma}, isbn = {979-12-80956-00-2}, pages = {287 -- 300}, year = {2022}, language = {mul} } @article{HeieisBoeckerD'Angeloetal.2023, author = {Heieis, Jule and B{\"o}cker, Jonas and D'Angelo, Olfa and Mittag, Uwe and Albracht, Kirsten and Sch{\"o}nau, Eckhard and Meyer, Andreas and Voigtmann, Thomas and Rittweger, J{\"o}rn}, title = {Curvature of gastrocnemius muscle fascicles as function of muscle-tendon complex length and contraction in humans}, series = {Physiological Reports}, volume = {11}, journal = {Physiological Reports}, number = {11}, publisher = {Wiley}, issn = {2051-817X}, doi = {10.14814/phy2.15739}, pages = {e15739, Seite 1-11}, year = {2023}, abstract = {It has been shown that muscle fascicle curvature increases with increasing contraction level and decreasing muscle-tendon complex length. The analyses were done with limited examination windows concerning contraction level, muscle-tendon complex length, and/or intramuscular position of ultrasound imaging. With this study we aimed to investigate the correlation between fascicle arching and contraction, muscle-tendon complex length and their associated architectural parameters in gastrocnemius muscles to develop hypotheses concerning the fundamental mechanism of fascicle curving. Twelve participants were tested in five different positions (90°/105°*, 90°/90°*, 135°/90°*, 170°/90°*, and 170°/75°*; *knee/ankle angle). They performed isometric contractions at four different contraction levels (5\%, 25\%, 50\%, and 75\% of maximum voluntary contraction) in each position. Panoramic ultrasound images of gastrocnemius muscles were collected at rest and during constant contraction. Aponeuroses and fascicles were tracked in all ultrasound images and the parameters fascicle curvature, muscle-tendon complex strain, contraction level, pennation angle, fascicle length, fascicle strain, intramuscular position, sex and age group were analyzed by linear mixed effect models. Mean fascicle curvature of the medial gastrocnemius increased with contraction level (+5 m-1 from 0\% to 100\%; p = 0.006). Muscle-tendon complex length had no significant impact on mean fascicle curvature. Mean pennation angle (2.2 m-1 per 10°; p < 0.001), inverse mean fascicle length (20 m-1 per cm-1; p = 0.003), and mean fascicle strain (-0.07 m-1 per +10\%; p = 0.004) correlated with mean fascicle curvature. Evidence has also been found for intermuscular, intramuscular, and sex-specific intramuscular differences of fascicle curving. Pennation angle and the inverse fascicle length show the highest predictive capacities for fascicle curving. Due to the strong correlations between pennation angle and fascicle curvature and the intramuscular pattern of curving we suggest for future studies to examine correlations between fascicle curvature and intramuscular fluid pressure.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ChavezBermudezCruzCastanonRuchayetal.2022, author = {Chavez Bermudez, Victor Francisco and Cruz Castanon, Victor Fernando and Ruchay, Marco and Wollert, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Rapid prototyping framework for automation applications based on IO-Link}, series = {Tagungsband AALE 2022: Wissenstransfer im Spannungsfeld von Autonomisierung und Fachkr{\"a}ftemangel}, booktitle = {Tagungsband AALE 2022: Wissenstransfer im Spannungsfeld von Autonomisierung und Fachkr{\"a}ftemangel}, editor = {Leipzig, Hochschule f{\"u}r Technik, Wirtschaft und Kultur}, address = {Leipzig}, isbn = {978-3-910103-00-9}, doi = {10.33968/2022.28}, pages = {8 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The development of protype applications with sensors and actuators in the automation industry requires tools that are independent of manufacturer, and are flexible enough to be modified or extended for any specific requirements. Currently, developing prototypes with industrial sensors and actuators is not straightforward. First of all, the exchange of information depends on the industrial protocol that these devices have. Second, a specific configuration and installation is done based on the hardware that is used, such as automation controllers or industrial gateways. This means that the development for a specific industrial protocol, highly depends on the hardware and the software that vendors provide. In this work we propose a rapid-prototyping framework based on Arduino to solve this problem. For this project we have focused to work with the IO-Link protocol. The framework consists of an Arduino shield that acts as the physical layer, and a software that implements the IO-Link Master protocol. The main advantage of such framework is that an application with industrial devices can be rapid-prototyped with ease as its vendor independent, open-source and can be ported easily to other Arduino compatible boards. In comparison, a typical approach requires proprietary hardware, is not easy to port to another system and is closed-source.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{UlmerMostafaWollert2022, author = {Ulmer, Jessica and Mostafa, Youssef and Wollert, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Digital Twin Academy: From Zero to Hero through individual learning experiences}, series = {Tagungsband AALE 2022: Wissenstransfer im Spannungsfeld von Autonomisierung und Fachkr{\"a}ftemangel}, booktitle = {Tagungsband AALE 2022: Wissenstransfer im Spannungsfeld von Autonomisierung und Fachkr{\"a}ftemangel}, isbn = {978-3-910103-00-9}, doi = {10.33968/2022.33}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:l189-qucosa2-776097}, pages = {1 -- 9}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Digital twins are seen as one of the key technologies of Industry 4.0. Although many research groups focus on digital twins and create meaningful outputs, the technology has not yet reached a broad application in the industry. The main reasons for this imbalance are the complexity of the topic, the lack of specialists, and the unawareness of the twin opportunities. The project "Digital Twin Academy" aims to overcome these barriers by focusing on three actions: Building a digital twin community for discussion and exchange, offering multi-stage training for various knowledge levels, and implementing realworld use cases for deeper insights and guidance. In this work, we focus on creating a flexible learning platform that allows the user to select a training path adjusted to personal knowledge and needs. Therefore, a mix of basic and advanced modules is created and expanded by individual feedback options. The usage of personas supports the selection of the appropriate modules.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{UlmerBraunWollert2021, author = {Ulmer, Jessica and Braun, Sebastian and Wollert, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Adaptive VR-Produktionsumgebungen f{\"u}r Evaluations- und Schulungst{\"a}tigkeiten}, series = {Automation 2021: Navigating towards resilient Production}, booktitle = {Automation 2021: Navigating towards resilient Production}, publisher = {VDI}, address = {D{\"u}sseldorf}, isbn = {978-3-18-092392-5}, issn = {0083-5560}, doi = {10.51202/9783181023921-55}, pages = {55 -- 64}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Industrie 4.0 stellt viele Herausforderungen an produzierende Unternehmen und ihre Besch{\"a}f-tigten. Innovative und effektive Trainingsstrategien sind erforderlich, um mit den sich schnell ver{\"a}ndernden Produktionsumgebungen und neuen Fertigungstechnologien Schritt halten zu k{\"o}nnen. Virtual Reality (VR) bietet neue M{\"o}glichkeiten f{\"u}r On-the-Job, On-Demand- und Off-Premise-Schulungen. Diese Arbeit stellt ein neues VR Schulungssystem vor, welches sich flexible an unterschiedliche Trainingsobjekte auf Grundlage von Rezepten und CAD Modellen anpassen l{\"a}sst. Das Konzept basiert auf gerichteten azyklischen Graphen und einem Level-system. Es erm{\"o}glicht eine benutzerindividuelle Lerngeschwindigkeit mittels visueller Ele-mente. Das Konzept wurde f{\"u}r einen mechanischen Anwendungsfall mit Industriekomponen-ten implementiert und in der Industrie 4.0-Modellfabrik der FH Aachen umgesetzt.}, language = {de} } @article{KemptFreyerNagel2022, author = {Kempt, Hendrik and Freyer, Nils and Nagel, Saskia K.}, title = {Justice and the normative standards of explainability in healthcare}, series = {Philosophy \& Technology}, volume = {35}, journal = {Philosophy \& Technology}, number = {Article number: 100}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s13347-022-00598-0}, pages = {1 -- 19}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Providing healthcare services frequently involves cognitively demanding tasks, including diagnoses and analyses as well as complex decisions about treatments and therapy. From a global perspective, ethically significant inequalities exist between regions where the expert knowledge required for these tasks is scarce or abundant. One possible strategy to diminish such inequalities and increase healthcare opportunities in expert-scarce settings is to provide healthcare solutions involving digital technologies that do not necessarily require the presence of a human expert, e.g., in the form of artificial intelligent decision-support systems (AI-DSS). Such algorithmic decision-making, however, is mostly developed in resource- and expert-abundant settings to support healthcare experts in their work. As a practical consequence, the normative standards and requirements for such algorithmic decision-making in healthcare require the technology to be at least as explainable as the decisions made by the experts themselves. The goal of providing healthcare in settings where resources and expertise are scarce might come with a normative pull to lower the normative standards of using digital technologies in order to provide at least some healthcare in the first place. We scrutinize this tendency to lower standards in particular settings from a normative perspective, distinguish between different types of absolute and relative, local and global standards of explainability, and conclude by defending an ambitious and practicable standard of local relative explainability.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{FreyerThewesMeinecke2023, author = {Freyer, Nils and Thewes, Dustin and Meinecke, Matthias}, title = {GUIDO: a hybrid approach to guideline discovery \& ordering from natural language texts}, series = {Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Data Science, Technology and Applications DATA - Volume 1}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Data Science, Technology and Applications DATA - Volume 1}, editor = {Gusikhin, Oleg and Hammoudi, Slimane and Cuzzocrea, Alfredo}, isbn = {978-989-758-664-4}, issn = {2184-285X}, doi = {10.5220/0012084400003541}, pages = {335 -- 342}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Extracting workflow nets from textual descriptions can be used to simplify guidelines or formalize textual descriptions of formal processes like business processes and algorithms. The task of manually extracting processes, however, requires domain expertise and effort. While automatic process model extraction is desirable, annotating texts with formalized process models is expensive. Therefore, there are only a few machine-learning-based extraction approaches. Rule-based approaches, in turn, require domain specificity to work well and can rarely distinguish relevant and irrelevant information in textual descriptions. In this paper, we present GUIDO, a hybrid approach to the process model extraction task that first, classifies sentences regarding their relevance to the process model, using a BERT-based sentence classifier, and second, extracts a process model from the sentences classified as relevant, using dependency parsing. The presented approach achieves significantly better resul ts than a pure rule-based approach. GUIDO achieves an average behavioral similarity score of 0.93. Still, in comparison to purely machine-learning-based approaches, the annotation costs stay low.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KloeserBuesgenKohletal.2023, author = {Kl{\"o}ser, Lars and B{\"u}sgen, Andr{\´e} and Kohl, Philipp and Kraft, Bodo and Z{\"u}ndorf, Albert}, title = {Explaining relation classification models with semantic extents}, series = {Deep Learning Theory and Applications}, booktitle = {Deep Learning Theory and Applications}, editor = {Conte, Donatello and Fred, Ana and Gusikhin, Oleg and Sansone, Carlo}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-031-39058-6 (Print)}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-39059-3_13}, pages = {189 -- 208}, year = {2023}, abstract = {In recent years, the development of large pretrained language models, such as BERT and GPT, significantly improved information extraction systems on various tasks, including relation classification. State-of-the-art systems are highly accurate on scientific benchmarks. A lack of explainability is currently a complicating factor in many real-world applications. Comprehensible systems are necessary to prevent biased, counterintuitive, or harmful decisions. We introduce semantic extents, a concept to analyze decision patterns for the relation classification task. Semantic extents are the most influential parts of texts concerning classification decisions. Our definition allows similar procedures to determine semantic extents for humans and models. We provide an annotation tool and a software framework to determine semantic extents for humans and models conveniently and reproducibly. Comparing both reveals that models tend to learn shortcut patterns from data. These patterns are hard to detect with current interpretability methods, such as input reductions. Our approach can help detect and eliminate spurious decision patterns during model development. Semantic extents can increase the reliability and security of natural language processing systems. Semantic extents are an essential step in enabling applications in critical areas like healthcare or finance. Moreover, our work opens new research directions for developing methods to explain deep learning models.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{GreinerJerominSitholeetal.2023, author = {Greiner, Lasse and Jeromin, G{\"u}nter Erich and Sithole, Patience and Petersen, Soenke}, title = {Preprint: Studies on the enzymatic reduction of levulinic acid using Chiralidon-R and Chiralidon-S}, series = {ChemRxiv}, journal = {ChemRxiv}, doi = {10.26434/chemrxiv-2023-jlvcv}, pages = {13 Seiten}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The enzymatic reduction of levulinic acid by the chiral catalysts Chiralidon-R and Chiralidon-S which are commercially available superabsorbed alcohol dehydrogenases is described. The Chiralidon®-R/S reduces the levulinic acid to the (R,S)-4-hydroxy valeric acid and the (R)- or (S)- gamma-valerolactone.}, language = {en} } @article{ChengWollertChenetal.2023, author = {Cheng, Chi-Tsun and Wollert, J{\"o}rg and Chen, Xi and Fapojuwo, Abraham O.}, title = {Guest Editorial : Circuits and Systems for Industry X.0 Applications}, series = {IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems}, volume = {13}, journal = {IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems}, edition = {2}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {New York}, issn = {2156-3357 (Print)}, doi = {10.1109/JETCAS.2023.3278843}, pages = {457 -- 460}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @techreport{GoellBraunsteinAlbracht2021, author = {G{\"o}ll, Fabian and Braunstein, Bj{\"o}rn and Albracht, Kirsten}, title = {Lernende roboterassistierte Systeme f{\"u}r das neuromuskul{\"a}re Training - RoSylerNT; Teilvorhaben: Entwicklung eines neuromuskuloskelettalen Modells als Basis f{\"u}r die Interaktionsf{\"a}higkeiten autonomer Assistenzsysteme}, publisher = {Deutsche Sporthochschule K{\"o}ln}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, doi = {10.2314/KXP:1855318741}, pages = {14 Seiten}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10860, title = {Ordnung zur {\"A}nderung der Ordnung zur Regelung der Einstellung des Bachelorstudiengangs Bauingenieurwesen - Netzingenieur (7-semestrig) und des dualen Bachelorstudiengangs Bauingenieurwesen - Netzingenieur (9-semestrig) im Fachbereich Bauingeieurwesen an der Fachhochschule Aachen}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {2 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10861, title = {2. Ordnung zur {\"A}nderung der Studien- und Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den Masterstudiengang Bauingenieurwesen - Abschluss Master of Engineering - im Fachbereich Bauingenieurwesen an der Fachhochschule Aachen}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {2 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10862, title = {Ordnung zur {\"A}nderung der Ordnung zur Aufhebung der Studien- und Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den Masterstudiengang „Bauingenieurwesen" vom 10. Dezember 2012 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 129/2012) in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnungen vom 30. Mai 2017 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 58/2017) an der Fachhochschule Aachen}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {2 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10863, title = {2. Ordnung zur {\"A}nderung der Studien- und Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den Masterstudiengang Facility Management - Abschluss Master of Engineering - im Fachbereich Bauingenieurwesen an der Fachhochschule Aachen}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {2 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10864, title = {Ordnung zur {\"A}nderung der Ordnung zur Aufhebung der Studien- und Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den Masterstudiengang „Facility Management" vom 29. November 2012 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 127/2012) in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnungen vom 3. Februar 2016 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 10/2016) an der Fachhochschule Aachen}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {2 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10865, title = {Studien- und Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den Bachelorstudiengang Bauingenieurwesen (7-semestrig), Bachelorstudiengang Bauingenieurwesen mit Praxissemester (8-semestrig) und Bachelorstudiengang Bauingenieurwesen mit Auslandssemester (8-semestrig) Abschluss Bachelor of Engineering}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {26 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10901, title = {Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r die Bachelorstudieng{\"a}nge „Elektrotechnik" und „Elektrotechnik mit Praxissemester" im Fachbereich Energietechnik an der FH Aachen : vom 10. Oktober 2019}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {12 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10902, title = {Ordnung zur {\"A}nderung der Gesamtpr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den Bachelorstudiengang „Elektrotechnik mit Orientierungssemester" an der Fachhochschule Aachen und der RWTH Aachen : vom 10. Oktober 2019}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {4 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10903, title = {Gesamtpr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den Bachelorstudiengang „Elektrotechnik mit Orientierungssemester" an der Fachhochschule Aachen und der RWTH Aachen : vom 21. November 2018 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 165/2018 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 10. Oktober 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 100/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {7 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10904, title = {2. Ordnung zur {\"A}nderung der Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den Masterstudiengang „Wirtschaftsingenieurwesen" an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 14. Oktober 2019}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {2 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10905, title = {Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den Masterstudiengang „Wirtschaftsingenieurwesen" an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 11. Dezember 2014 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 152/2014 in der Fassung der bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 14. Oktober 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 102/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {6 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @article{Timme2023, author = {Timme, Michael}, title = {Bauliche Ver{\"a}nderungen durch Wohnungseigent{\"u}mer und die Zustimmung der Gemeinschaft : Zugleich eine Besprechung des BGH, Urt. v. 17.3.2023 - V ZR 140/22, MDR 2023, 619}, series = {Monatsschrift f{\"u}r Deutsches Recht}, volume = {77}, journal = {Monatsschrift f{\"u}r Deutsches Recht}, number = {13}, publisher = {Verlag Dr. Otto Schmidt}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, issn = {2194-4202 (online)}, pages = {815 -- 818}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Durch das WEMoG (Gesetz v. 16.10.2020, BGBl. I 2187) hat der Gesetzgeber die Regelung des \S 20 WEG eingef{\"u}hrt. Demnach ist auch f{\"u}r bauliche Ver{\"a}nderungen an R{\"a}umen und Fl{\"a}chen, die einem Sondernutzungsrecht unterliegen, die Zustimmung der Gemeinschaft notwendig. Der BGH hat nun mit Urt. v. 17.3.2023 -V ZR 140/22, MDR 2023, 619 deutlich gemacht, dass bei Fehlen eines entsprechenden Beschlusses, die bauliche Ver{\"a}nderung durch einen einzelnen Wohnungseigent{\"u}mer nicht vorgenommen werden darf, sondern eine rechtswidrige Eigentumsbeeintr{\"a}chtigung darstellt. Der folgende Beitrag nimmt die Entscheidung zum Anlass, um die neue Rechtslage durch \S 20 WEG eingehend zu erl{\"a}utern. Gleichzeitig werden die Folgen der aktuellen Entscheidung n{\"a}her dargestellt.}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10873, title = {Studien- und Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den Bachelorstudiengang Bauingenieurwesen (7-semestrig), Bachelorstudiengang Bauingenieurwesen mit Praxissemester (8-semestrig), Bachelorstudiengang Bauingenieurwesen mit Auslandssemester (8-semestrig) Abschluss Bachelor of Engineering : vom 1. September 2011 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 76/2011 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 16. August 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 74/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung, Studienbeginn WS 2016/17-2017/18)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {30 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10875, title = {Ordnung zur Aufhebung der Studien- und Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r die Bachelorstudieng{\"a}nge „Bauingenieurwesen" (7-semestrig), „Bauingenieurwesen mit Praxissemester" (8-semestrig) und „Bauingenieurwesen mit Auslandssemester" (8-semestrig) vom 1. September 2011 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 76/2011) in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnungen vom 22. August 2013 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 88/2013), 8. Juni 2016 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 80/2016) und 16. August 2019 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 74/2019) an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 24. Juli 2018 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 119/2018 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 16. August 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 75/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {3 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10876, title = {Studien- und Pr{\"u}fungsordnung des Studiengangs Holzingenieurwesen (7-semestrig) - Abschluss Bachelor of Engineering - im Fachbereich Bauingenieurwesen an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 16. Juli 2012 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 66/2012 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 16. August 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 76/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {13 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10877, title = {Ordnung zur Aufhebung der Studien- und Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den Bachelorstudiengang „Holzingenieurwesen" (7-semestrig) vom 16. Juli 2012 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 66/2012) in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnungen vom 6. Juli 2016 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 95/2016) und 16. August 2019 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 76/2019) an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 24. Juli 2018 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 120/2018 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 16. August 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 77/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {3 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10878, title = {Studien- und Pr{\"u}fungsordnung des Studiengangs Bauingenieurwesen - Netzingenieur - Abschluss Bachelor of Engineering - im Fachbereich Bauingenieurwesen an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 16. Juli 2012 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 67/2012 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 16. August 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 78/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung | Studienbeginn WS 2011/12-2013/14)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {11 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10879, title = {Studien- und Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den dualen Bachelorstudiengang Bauingenieurwesen - Netzingenieur (9 Semester) und den Bachelorstudiengang Bauingenieurwesen - Netzingenieur (7 Semester) Abschluss Bachelor of Engineering im Fachbereich Bauingenieurwesen an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 16. Juli 2012 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 67/2012 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 16. August 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 78/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung, Studienbeginn WS 2014/15-2016/17)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {13 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10880, title = {Studien- und Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den dualen Bachelorstudiengang Bauingenieurwesen - Netzingenieur (9 Semester) und den Bachelorstudiengang Bauingenieurwesen - Netzingenieur (7 Semester) Abschluss Bachelor of Engineering im Fachbereich Bauingenieurwesen an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 16. Juli 2012 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 67/2012 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 16. August 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 78/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung, Studienbeginn ab WS 2017/18)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {12 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10881, title = {Ordnung zur Regelung der Einstellung des Bachelorstudiengangs Bauingenieurwesen - Netzingenieur (7-semestrig) und des dualen Bachelorstudiengangs Bauingenieurwesen - Netzingenieur (9-semestrig) im Fachbereich Bauingeieurwesen an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 24. Juli 2018 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 123/2018 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 16. August 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 79/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {4 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10882, title = {Studien- und Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den Masterstudiengang Bauingenieurwesen - Abschluss Master of Engineering - im Fachbereich Bauingenieurwesen an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 10. Dezember 2012 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 129/2012 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 16. August 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 80/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {9 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10883, title = {Ordnung zur Aufhebung der Studien- und Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den Masterstudiengang „Bauingenieurwesen" vom 10. Dezember 2012 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 129/2012) in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 30. Mai 2017 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 58/2017) und 16. August 2019 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 80/2019) an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 24. Juli 2018 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 121/2018 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 16. August 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 81/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {3 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10884, title = {Studien- und Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den Masterstudiengang Facility Management - Abschluss Master of Engineering - : vom 29. November 2012 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 127/2012 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 16. August 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 82/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung, Studienbeginn WS 2012/13-SS 2016)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {7 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10931, title = {Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den dreisemestrigen Masterstudiengang „Industrial Engineering" an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 11. Dezember 2014 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 154/2014 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 5. Februar 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 5/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung | Studienbeginn ab SS 2016)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {5 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10932, title = {Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den dreisemestrigen Masterstudiengang „Industrial Engineering" an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 11. Dezember 2014 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 154/2014 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 5. Februar 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 5/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung | Studienbeginn ab WS 2017/18)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {7 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10933, title = {Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den viersemestrigen Masterstudiengang „Industrial Engineering" an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 11.Dezember 2014 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 156/2014 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 5. Februar 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 6/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung | Studienbeginn ab WS 2015/16)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {8 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10934, title = {Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den viersemestrigen Masterstudiengang „Industrial Engineering" an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 11.Dezember 2014 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 156/2014 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 5. Februar 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 6/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung | Studienbeginn ab WS 2017/18)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {9 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10935, title = {Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den viersemestrigen Masterstudiengang „Industrial Engineering" Fachbereich Wirtschaftswissenschaften Fachbereich Maschinenbau und Mechatronik an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 11. Dezember 2014 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 156/2014 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 5. Februar 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 6/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung | Studienbeginn ab WS 2018/19)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {10 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10936, title = {4. Ordnung zur {\"A}nderung der Zugangsordnung f{\"u}r den Masterstudiengang Elektrotechnik im Fachbereich Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 5. November 2019}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {2 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10937, title = {Zugangsordnung f{\"u}r die Masterstudieng{\"a}nge „Elektrotechnik" und „Elektrotechnik (Teilzeit)" im Fachbereich Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 22. Januar 2010 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 6/2010 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 5. November 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 109/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {3 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10938, title = {Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r die Masterstudieng{\"a}nge „Elektrotechnik" und „Elektrotechnik (Teilzeit)" im Fachbereich Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 5. November 2019}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {9 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10939, title = {4. Ordnung zur {\"A}nderung der Zugangsordnung f{\"u}r den Masterstudiengang Information Systems Engineering im Fachbereich Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 5. November 2019}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {2 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10940, title = {Zugangsordnung f{\"u}r die Masterstudieng{\"a}nge „Information Systems Engineering" und „Information Systems Engineering (Teilzeit)" im Fachbereich Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 22. Januar 2010 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 4/2010 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 5. November 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 112/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {3 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10850, title = {Ordnung zur {\"A}nderung der Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r die Bachelorstudieng{\"a}nge „Schienenfahrzeugtechnik" „Schienenfahrzeugtechnik (Teilzeit)" und „Dualer Studiengang Schienenfahrzeugtechnik (DIRail)" im Fachbereich Maschinenbau und Mechatronik an der Fachhochschule Aachen}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {2}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10851, title = {Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r die Bachelorstudieng{\"a}nge „Schienenfahrzeugtechnik" „Schienenfahrzeugtechnik (Teilzeit)" und „Dualer Studiengang Schienenfahrzeugtechnik (DIRail)" im Fachbereich Maschinenbau und Mechatronik an der Fachhochschule Aachen}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {14 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10852, title = {2. Ordnung zur {\"A}nderung der Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den dualen ausbildungsintegrierenden Bachelorstudiengang „Physiotherapie" und den berufsbegleitenden Bachelorstudiengang „Physiotherapie" an der Fachhochschule Aachen in Kooperation mit der Medizinischen Fakult{\"a}t der Rheinisch-Westf{\"a}lisch Technischen Hochschule Aachen und der Physiotherapieschule des Universit{\"a}tsklinikums Aachen (UK Aachen)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {6 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10853, title = {Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den dualen ausbildungsintegrierenden Bachelorstudiengang „Physiotherapie" und den berufsbegleitenden Bachelorstudiengang „Physiotherapie" an der Fachhochschule Aachen in Kooperation mit der Medizinischen Fakult{\"a}t der Rheinisch-Westf{\"a}lisch Technischen Hochschule Aachen und der Physiotherapieschule des Universit{\"a}tsklinikums Aachen (UK Aachen)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {9 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10854, title = {3. Ordnung zur {\"A}nderung der Studien- und Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den Bachelorstudiengang Bauingenieurwesen (7-semestrig), Bachelorstudiengang Bauingenieurwesen mit Praxissemester (8-semestrig), Bachelorstudiengang Bauingenieurwesen mit Auslandssemester (8-semestrig), Abschluss Bachelor of Engineering}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {2 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10855, title = {Ordnung zur {\"A}nderung der Ordnung zur Aufhebung der Studien- und Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r die Bachelorstudieng{\"a}nge „Bauingenieurwesen" (7-semestrig), „Bauingenieurwesen mit Praxissemester" (8-semestrig) und „Bauingenieurwesen mit Auslandssemester" (8-semestrig) vom 1. September 2011 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 76/2011) in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnungen vom 22. August 2013 (FH- Mitteilung Nr. 88/2013) und vom 8. Juni 2016 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 80/2016) an der Fachhochschule Aachen}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {2 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10857, title = {Ordnung zur {\"A}nderung der Ordnung zur Aufhebung der Studien- und Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r die Bachelorstudieng{\"a}nge „Bauingenieurwesen" (7-semestrig), „Bauingenieurwesen mit Praxissemester" (8-semestrig) und „Bauingenieurwesen mit Auslandssemester" (8-semestrig) vom 1. September 2011 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 76/2011) in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnungen vom 22. August 2013 (FH- Mitteilung Nr. 88/2013) und vom 8. Juni 2016 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 80/2016) an der Fachhochschule Aachen}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {2 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10858, title = {Ordnung zur {\"A}nderung der Ordnung zur Aufhebung der Studien- und Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den Bachelorstudiengang „Holzingenieurwesen" (7-semestrig) vom 16. Juli 2012 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 66/2012) in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 6. Juli 2016 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 95/2016) an der Fachhochschule Aachen}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {2 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10859, title = {3. Ordnung zur {\"A}nderung der Studien- und Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den dualen Bachelorstudiengang Bauingenieurwesen, Netzingenieur (9 Semester) und den Bachelorstudiengang Bauingenieurwesen - Netzingenieur (7 Semester) Abschluss Bachelor of Engineering im Fachbereich Bauingenieurwesen an der Fachhochschule Aachen}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {2 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10898, title = {Studien- und Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den Masterstudiengang Facility Management - Abschluss Master of Engineering - : vom 29. November 2012 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 127/2012 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 16. August 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 82/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung | Studienbeginn WS 2016/17-SS 2018)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {7 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10899, title = {Ordnung zur Aufhebung der Studien- und Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den Masterstudiengang „Facility Management" vom 29. November 2012 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 127/2012) in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnungen vom 3. Februar 2016 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 10/2016) und 16. August 2019 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 82/2019) an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 24. Juli 2018 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 122/2018 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 16. August 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 83/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {3 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10900, title = {Beitragsordnung des Studierendenwerks Aachen (21. {\"A}nderung) : vom 3. Juli 2019}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {2 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @article{LepkeLilliePetersonetal.2006, author = {Lepke, Dietrich and Lillie, Dirk and Peterson, Leif Arne and Hempe, Thomas}, title = {Liegedauer von Holzschwellen in Tunneln der Hamburger Hochbahn AG}, series = {EI - Der Eisenbahningenieur}, journal = {EI - Der Eisenbahningenieur}, number = {2}, publisher = {DVV Media Group}, address = {Hamburg}, issn = {0013-2810}, pages = {46 -- 50}, year = {2006}, abstract = {Die Hamburger Hochbahn AG ben{\"o}tigte im Rahmen der {\"U}berarbeitung einer langfristigen Instandhaltungs- und Erneuerungsstrategie f{\"u}r ihre U-Bahn-Infrastruktur eine belastbare Aussage {\"u}ber die Restlebensdauer der Holzschwellen im Tunnel. Aus diesem Grunde beauftragte sie das Institut f{\"u}r Verkehrswesen, Eisenbahnbau und -betrieb (IVE) der Universit{\"a}t Hannover mit der Erstellung eines entsprechenden Gutachtens. Das Ergebnis f{\"u}hrte zu der gesicherten Aussage einer erheblich l{\"a}ngeren Restlebensdauer der Tunnelschwellen gegen{\"u}ber den bisherigen, gesch{\"a}tzten Annahmen.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Peterson2008, author = {Peterson, Leif Arne}, title = {Zum Tragverhalten nachgiebig verbundener Biegetr{\"a}ger aus Holz}, publisher = {Fraunhofer IRB Verlag}, address = {Stuttgart}, isbn = {9783816775973}, pages = {169 Seiten}, year = {2008}, abstract = {In der vorliegenden Dissertation werden zun{\"a}chst die linear elastischen Bemessungsm{\"o}glichkeiten f{\"u}r nachgiebig verbundene Biegetr{\"a}ger unter statischer und dynamischer Beanspruchung diskutiert. Zum Vergleich wurden praktische Untersuchungen an zweiteiligen Kantholzbiegetr{\"a}gem mit mechanischen Verbindungsmitteln unterschiedlicher Verformungscharakteristika durchgef{\"u}hrt, ebenso wie umfangreiche Materialpr{\"u}fungen an den zusammengef{\"u}gten Einzelquerschnitten. Hierdurch werden die Unterschiede zum realen, nicht elastischen, statischen Tragverhalten aufgezeigt. Der f{\"u}r das dynamische Verhalten maßgebende Systemparameter der Eigenfrequenz wird f{\"u}r mehrteilige Biegetr{\"a}ger theoretisch hinterfragt und an den nachgiebig verbundenen Kantholzbiegetr{\"a}gem gemessen. Begleitet von weiteren praktischen Untersuchungen an einzelnen Verbindungsmitteln unter Blockscherbeanspruchung wird die rechnerische Ber{\"u}cksichtigung des plastischen Verbindungsmittelverhaltens auf zwei theoretischen Wegen erforscht. Auf Grundlage der Untersuchungen wird ein neues, semianalytisches y-Verfahren entwickelt. Gegen{\"u}ber den Berechnungen mit finiten Volumen- und Kontakt-Elementen erweist sich das neue Verfahren auf Basis der, um die schubweichen Fugen erweiterten, Balkentheorie als leistungsf{\"a}higer. Der Einfluss des plastischen Verbindungsmittelverhaltens wird durch vergleichende Parameterstudien mit diesem neuen Verfahren als vom anerkannten Stand der Technik ausreichend ber{\"u}cksichtigt identifiziert. F{\"u}r die linear elastische Dimensionierung werden optimierte Verbindungsmittelanordnungen hergeleitet, die durch {\"u}bersichtliche Erg{\"a}nzungen zum existierenden Bemessungskonzept des y-Verfahrens eine exaktere Berechnung erm{\"o}glichen.}, language = {de} } @article{NabilPetersonSchmidtetal.2010, author = {Nabil, F. and Peterson, Leif Arne and Schmidt, A. and Geerdes, D.}, title = {Die Holzkuppel des Neuen Palais in Potsdam}, series = {Bauingenieur}, volume = {85}, journal = {Bauingenieur}, number = {8}, publisher = {Springer-VDI-Verlag}, address = {D{\"u}sseldorf}, issn = {0005-6650}, pages = {324 -- 330}, year = {2010}, language = {de} } @book{NebgenPeterson2015, author = {Nebgen, Nikolaus and Peterson, Leif Arne}, title = {Holzbau kompakt nach Eurocode 5}, edition = {5. Auflage}, publisher = {Beuth}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-410-25455-3}, pages = {XII, 267 Seiten}, year = {2015}, abstract = {"Holzbau kompakt" wurde sowohl f{\"u}r Studierende als auch Praktiker konzipiert und beschr{\"a}nkt sich nicht auf reine Holzbauaufgaben, sondern setzt sich ggf. auch mit der Tragwerkslehre auseinander. Die Neuauflage basiert auf dem Eurocode 5 und ber{\"u}cksichtigt zahlreiche neue Erkenntnisse aus Forschung und praxisnaher Entwicklung. Neben den Grundlagen der Bemessung, der Baustoffe, der Dauerhaftigkeit und des Brandschutzes konzentriert sich das Grundlagenwerk besonders auf das Konstruieren mit Holz und Holzwerkstoffen, anschaulich dargestellt an sehr ausf{\"u}hrlichen Beispielen f{\"u}r Wohnhaus und Hallentragwerk.}, language = {de} } @book{HolschemacherPetersPetersonetal.2013, author = {Holschemacher, Klaus and Peters, Klaus and Peterson, Leif Arne and Schneider, Klaus-J{\"u}rgen and Thiele, Ralf}, title = {Konstruktiver Ingenieurbau kompakt: Formelsammlung und Bemessungshilfen nach Eurocode f{\"u}r die Bereiche: Lastannahmen, Holzbau, Mauerwerksbau, Stahlbau, Stahlbetonbau, Geotechnik, statische Hinweise}, edition = {4., vollst{\"a}ndig {\"u}berarbeitete Auflage}, publisher = {Beuth}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-410-22775-5}, pages = {384 Seiten}, year = {2013}, abstract = {Das kompakte Nachschlagewerk f{\"u}r den konstruktiven Ingenieurbau wurde f{\"u}r den t{\"a}glichen Gebrauch auf der Baustelle konzipiert und stellt alle f{\"u}r die rechnerische Nachweisf{\"u}hrung und Konstruktion von Bauteilen wichtigsten Angaben in Form einer Formelsammlung mit Nachweishilfen zur Verf{\"u}gung. Der Inhalt wurde auf Basis der neuen Eurocodes komplett aktualisiert und erweitert. Die 4. Auflage enth{\"a}lt in bew{\"a}hrter Manier eine umfangreiche Formelsammlung, Querschnittswerte und Bemessungshilfen zu den Bereichen Lastannahmen, Holzbau, Mauerwerksbau, Stahlbau, Stahlbetonbau, Geotechnik sowie statische Hinweise. Farbiges Papier erleichtert den zielgerichteten Zugriff auf die einzelnen Fachgebiete.}, language = {de} } @incollection{FruehwaldPetersonHasenstab2012, author = {Fr{\"u}hwald, Katja and Peterson, Leif Arne and Hasenstab, Andreas}, title = {Pr{\"u}fverfahren zur Begutachtung der Materialeigenschaften von Holztragwerken}, series = {Bauphysik-Kalender 2012: Schwerpunkt: Geb{\"a}udediagnostik}, booktitle = {Bauphysik-Kalender 2012: Schwerpunkt: Geb{\"a}udediagnostik}, editor = {Fouad, Nabil A.}, publisher = {Ernst \& Sohn}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {9783433029862 (Print)}, doi = {10.1002/9783433601235.ch4}, pages = {103 -- 155}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Dieses Kapitel beinhaltet: - Einleitung - Ausgew{\"a}hlte typische Sch{\"a}den an Holzbauwerken - Das Material Holz und seine Besonderheiten - Bestandserfassung - Labormethoden - Begutachtungsbeispiele - Zusammenfassung und Schlussfolgerungen - Literatur}, language = {de} } @article{OezsoyluAliaziziWagneretal.2024, author = {{\"O}zsoylu, Dua and Aliazizi, Fereshteh and Wagner, Patrick and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Template bacteria-free fabrication of surface imprinted polymer-based biosensor for E. coli detection using photolithographic mimics: Hacking bacterial adhesion}, series = {Biosensors and Bioelectronics}, volume = {261}, journal = {Biosensors and Bioelectronics}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1873-4235 (eISSN)}, doi = {10.1016/j.bios.2024.116491}, pages = {11 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {As one class of molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs), surface imprinted polymer (SIP)-based biosensors show great potential in direct whole-bacteria detection. Micro-contact imprinting, that involves stamping the template bacteria immobilized on a substrate into a pre-polymerized polymer matrix, is the most straightforward and prominent method to obtain SIP-based biosensors. However, the major drawbacks of the method arise from the requirement for fresh template bacteria and often non-reproducible bacteria distribution on the stamp substrate. Herein, we developed a positive master stamp containing photolithographic mimics of the template bacteria (E. coli) enabling reproducible fabrication of biomimetic SIP-based biosensors without the need for the "real" bacteria cells. By using atomic force and scanning electron microscopy imaging techniques, respectively, the E. coli-capturing ability of the SIP samples was tested, and compared with non-imprinted polymer (NIP)-based samples and control SIP samples, in which the cavity geometry does not match with E. coli cells. It was revealed that the presence of the biomimetic E. coli imprints with a specifically designed geometry increases the sensor E. coli-capturing ability by an "imprinting factor" of about 3. These findings show the importance of geometry-guided physical recognition in bacterial detection using SIP-based biosensors. In addition, this imprinting strategy was employed to interdigitated electrodes and QCM (quartz crystal microbalance) chips. E. coli detection performance of the sensors was demonstrated with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and QCM measurements with dissipation monitoring technique (QCM-D).}, language = {en} } @article{KetelhutBrueggeGoelletal.2020, author = {Ketelhut, Maike and Br{\"u}gge, G. M. and G{\"o}ll, Fabian and Braunstein, Bjoern and Albracht, Kirsten and Abel, Dirk}, title = {Adaptive iterative learning control of an industrial robot during neuromuscular training}, series = {IFAC PapersOnLine}, volume = {53}, journal = {IFAC PapersOnLine}, number = {2}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2405-8963}, doi = {10.1016/j.ifacol.2020.12.741}, pages = {16468 -- 16475}, year = {2020}, abstract = {To prevent the reduction of muscle mass and loss of strength coming along with the human aging process, regular training with e.g. a leg press is suitable. However, the risk of training-induced injuries requires the continuous monitoring and controlling of the forces applied to the musculoskeletal system as well as the velocity along the motion trajectory and the range of motion. In this paper, an adaptive norm-optimal iterative learning control algorithm to minimize the knee joint loadings during the leg extension training with an industrial robot is proposed. The response of the algorithm is tested in simulation for patients with varus, normal and valgus alignment of the knee and compared to the results of a higher-order iterative learning control algorithm, a robust iterative learning control and a recently proposed conventional norm-optimal iterative learning control algorithm. Although significant improvements in performance are made compared to the conventional norm-optimal iterative learning control algorithm with a small learning factor, for the developed approach as well as the robust iterative learning control algorithm small steady state errors occur.}, language = {en} } @article{KetelhutKolditzGoelletal.2019, author = {Ketelhut, Maike and Kolditz, Melanie and G{\"o}ll, Fabian and Braunstein, Bjoern and Albracht, Kirsten and Abel, Dirk}, title = {Admittance control of an industrial robot during resistance training}, series = {IFAC-PapersOnLine}, volume = {52}, journal = {IFAC-PapersOnLine}, number = {19}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2405-8963}, doi = {10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.12.102}, pages = {223 -- 228}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Neuromuscular strength training of the leg extensor muscles plays an important role in the rehabilitation and prevention of age and wealth related diseases. In this paper, we focus on the design and implementation of a Cartesian admittance control scheme for isotonic training, i.e. leg extension and flexion against a predefined weight. For preliminary testing and validation of the designed algorithm an experimental research and development platform consisting of an industrial robot and a force plate mounted at its end-effector has been used. Linear, diagonal and arbitrary two-dimensional motion trajectories with different weights for the leg extension and flexion part are applied. The proposed algorithm is easily adaptable to trajectories consisting of arbitrary six-dimensional poses and allows the implementation of individualized trajectories.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KetelhutGoellBraunsteinetal.2019, author = {Ketelhut, Maike and G{\"o}ll, Fabian and Braunstein, Bjoern and Albracht, Kirsten and Abel, Dirk}, title = {Iterative learning control of an industrial robot for neuromuscular training}, series = {2019 IEEE Conference on Control Technology and Applications}, booktitle = {2019 IEEE Conference on Control Technology and Applications}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-7281-2767-5 (ePub)}, doi = {10.1109/CCTA.2019.8920659}, pages = {7 Seiten}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Effective training requires high muscle forces potentially leading to training-induced injuries. Thus, continuous monitoring and controlling of the loadings applied to the musculoskeletal system along the motion trajectory is required. In this paper, a norm-optimal iterative learning control algorithm for the robot-assisted training is developed. The algorithm aims at minimizing the external knee joint moment, which is commonly used to quantify the loading of the medial compartment. To estimate the external knee joint moment, a musculoskeletal lower extremity model is implemented in OpenSim and coupled with a model of an industrial robot and a force plate mounted at its end-effector. The algorithm is tested in simulation for patients with varus, normal and valgus alignment of the knee. The results show that the algorithm is able to minimize the external knee joint moment in all three cases and converges after less than seven iterations.}, language = {en} } @misc{BlottnerHastermannMuckeltetal.2019, author = {Blottner, Dieter and Hastermann, Maria and Muckelt, Paul and Albracht, Kirsten and Schoenrock, Britt and Salanova, Michele and Warner, Martin and Gunga, Hans-Christian and Stokes, Maria}, title = {MYOTONES - Inflight muscle health status monitoring during long-duration space missions onboard the International Space Station: a single case study}, series = {IAC Papers Archive}, journal = {IAC Papers Archive}, publisher = {Pergamon}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {00741795}, pages = {2 Seiten}, year = {2019}, abstract = {The MYOTONES experiment is the first to monitor changes in the basic biomechanical properties (tone, elasticity and stiffness) of the resting human myofascial system due to microgravity with a oninvasive, portable device on board the ISS. The MyotonPRO device applies several brief mechanical stimuli to the surface of the skin, and the natural oscillation signals of the tissue beneath are detected and computed by the MyotonPRO. Thus, an objective, quick and easy determination of the state of the underlying tissue is possible. Two preflight, four inflight and four post flight measurements were performed on a male astronaut using the same 10 measurement points (MP) for each session. MPs were located on the plantar fascia, Achilles tendon, M. soleus, M. gastrocnemius, M. multifidus, M. splenius capitis, M. deltoideus anterior, M. rectus femoris, infrapatellar tendon, M. tibialis anterior. Subcutaneous tissues thickness above the MPs was measured using ultrasound imaging. Magnetic resonance images (MRI) of lower limb muscles and functional tests were also performed pre- and postflight. Our first measurements on board the ISS confirmed increased tone and stiffness of the lumbar multifidus muscle, an important trunk stabilizer, dysfunction of which is known to be associated with back pain. Furthermore, reduced tone and stiffness of Achilles tendon and plantar fascia were observed inflight vs. preflight, confirming previous findings from terrestrial analog studies and parabolic flights. Unexpectedly, the deltoid showed negative inflight changes in tone and stiffness, and increased elasticity, suggesting a potential risk of muscle atrophy in longer spaceflight that should be addressed by adequate inflight countermeasure protocols. Most values from limb and back MPS showed deflected patterns (in either directions) from inflight shortly after the re-entry phase on the landing day and one week later. Most parameter values then normalized to baseline after 3 weeks likely due to 1G re-adaptation and possible outcome of the reconditioning protocol. No major changes in subcutaneous tissues thickness above the MPs were found inflight vs preflight, suggesting no bias (i.e., fluid shift, extreme tissue thickening or loss). Pre- and postflight MRI and functional tests showed negligible changes in calf muscle size, power and force, which is likely due to training effects from current inflight exercise protocols. The MYOTONES experiment is currently ongoing to collect data from further crew members. The potential impact of this research is to better understand the effects of microgravity and countermeasures over the time course of an ISS mission cycle. This will enable exercise countermeasures to be tailored}, language = {en} } @article{BruksleChwallekKrastina2023, author = {Bruksle, Ieva and Chwallek, Constanze and Krastina, Anzelika}, title = {Strengthening sustainability in entrepreneurship education - implications for shifting entrepreneurial thinking towards sustainability at universities}, series = {ACTA PROSPERITATIS}, volume = {14}, journal = {ACTA PROSPERITATIS}, number = {1}, publisher = {Sciendo}, issn = {1691-6077}, doi = {10.37804/1691-6077-2023-14-37-48}, pages = {37 -- 48}, year = {2023}, abstract = {By developing innovative solutions to social and environmental problems, sustainable ventures carry greatpotential. Entrepreneurship which focuses especially on new venture creation can be developed through education anduniversities, in particular, are called upon to provide an impetus for social change. But social innovations are associatedwith certain hurdles, which are related to the multi-dimensionality, i.e. the tension between creating social,environmental and economic value and dealing with a multiplicity of stakeholders. The already complex field ofentrepreneurship education has to face these challenges. This paper, therefore, aims to identify starting points for theintegration of sustainability into entrepreneurship education. To pursue this goal experiences from three differentproject initiatives between the partner universities: Lapland University of Applied Sciences, FH Aachen University ofApplied Sciences and Turiba University are reflected and findings are systematically condensed into recommendationsfor education on sustainable entrepreneurship.}, language = {en} } @article{WerkhausenCroninAlbrachtetal.2019, author = {Werkhausen, Amelie and Cronin, Neil J. and Albracht, Kirsten and Paulsen, G{\o}ran and Larsen, Askild V. and Bojsen-M{\o}ller, Jens and Seynnes, Olivier R.}, title = {Training-induced increase in Achilles tendon stiffness affects tendon strain pattern during running}, series = {PeerJ}, journal = {PeerJ}, publisher = {Peer}, address = {London}, issn = {21678359}, doi = {10.7717/peerj.6764}, pages = {18 Seiten}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Background During the stance phase of running, the elasticity of the Achilles tendon enables the utilisation of elastic energy and allows beneficial contractile conditions for the triceps surae muscles. However, the effect of changes in tendon mechanical properties induced by chronic loading is still poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that a training-induced increase in Achilles tendon stiffness would result in reduced tendon strain during the stance phase of running, which would reduce fascicle strains in the triceps surae muscles, particularly in the mono-articular soleus. Methods Eleven subjects were assigned to a training group performing isometric singleleg plantarflexion contractions three times per week for ten weeks, and another ten subjects formed a control group. Before and after the training period, Achilles tendon stiffness was estimated, and muscle-tendon mechanics were assessed during running at preferred speed using ultrasonography, kinematics and kinetics. Results Achilles tendon stiffness increased by 18\% (P <0:01) in the training group, but the associated reduction in strain seen during isometric contractions was not statistically significant. Tendon elongation during the stance phase of running was similar after training, but tendon recoil was reduced by 30\% (P <0:01), while estimated tendon force remained unchanged. Neither gastrocnemius medialis nor soleus fascicle shortening during stance was affected by training. Discussion These results show that a training-induced increase in Achilles tendon stiffness altered tendon behaviour during running. Despite training-induced changes in tendon mechanical properties and recoil behaviour, the data suggest that fascicle shortening patterns were preserved for the running speed that we examined. The asymmetrical changes in tendon strain patterns supports the notion that simple inseries models do not fully explain the mechanical output of the muscle-tendon unit during a complex task like running.}, language = {en} } @article{KetelhutGoellBraunsteinetal.2018, author = {Ketelhut, Maike and G{\"o}ll, Fabian and Braunstein, Bj{\"o}rn and Albracht, Kirsten and Abel, Dirk}, title = {Comparison of different training algorithms for the leg extension training with an industrial robot}, series = {Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering}, volume = {4}, journal = {Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering}, number = {1}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2364-5504}, doi = {10.1515/cdbme-2018-0005}, pages = {17 -- 20}, year = {2018}, abstract = {In the past, different training scenarios have been developed and implemented on robotic research platforms, but no systematic analysis and comparison have been done so far. This paper deals with the comparison of an isokinematic (motion with constant velocity) and an isotonic (motion against constant weight) training algorithm. Both algorithms are designed for a robotic research platform consisting of a 3D force plate and a high payload industrial robot, which allows leg extension training with arbitrary six-dimensional motion trajectories. In the isokinematic as well as the isotonic training algorithm, individual paths are defined i n C artesian s pace by sufficient s upport p oses. I n t he i sotonic t raining s cenario, the trajectory is adapted to the measured force as the robot should only move along the trajectory as long as the force applied by the user exceeds a minimum threshold. In the isotonic training scenario however, the robot's acceleration is a function of the force applied by the user. To validate these findings, a simulative experiment with a simple linear trajectory is performed. For this purpose, the same force path is applied in both training scenarios. The results illustrate that the algorithms differ in the force dependent trajectory adaption.}, language = {en} } @misc{OPUS4-10941, title = {Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r die Masterstudieng{\"a}nge „Information Systems Engineering" und „Information Systems Engineering (Teilzeit)" an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 5. November 2019}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {9 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10942, title = {2. Ordnung zur {\"A}nderung der Beitragsordnung der Studierendenschaft der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 7. November 2019}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {2 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10943, title = {Beitragsordnung der Studierendenschaft der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 11. Dezember 2018 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 168/2018 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 7. November 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 115/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {3 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10944, title = {Gesamtpr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den Bachelorstudiengang „Bauingenieurwesen mit Orientierungssemester" an der Fachhochschule Aachen und der RWTH Aachen : vom 8. November 2019}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {6 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10945, title = {Ordnung zur {\"A}nderung der Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r die Bachelorstudieng{\"a}nge Bauingenieurwesen, Bauingenieurwesen mit Praxissemester, Bauingenieurwesen mit Auslandssemester, Bauingenieurwesen Double Degree (NUST) und Bauingenieurwesen Dual an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 8. November 2019}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {6 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10946, title = {Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r die Bachelorstudieng{\"a}nge Bauingenieurwesen, Bauingenieurwesen mit Praxissemester, Bauingenieurwesen mit Auslandssemester, Bauingenieurwesen Double Degree (NUST), Bauingenieurwesen Dual und Bauingenieurwesen mit Orientierungssemester im Fachbereich Bauingenieurwesen an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 28. Juni 2018 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 89/2018 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 8. November 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 118/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {20 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10947, title = {Ordnung zur {\"A}nderung der Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r den Bachelorstudiengang Holzingenieurwesen im Fachbereich Bauingenieurwesen an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 8. November 2019}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {8 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10948, title = {Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r die Bachelorstudieng{\"a}nge Holzingenieurwesen, Holzingenieurwesen mit Praxissemester, Holzingenieurwesen mit Auslandssemester, Holzingenieurwesen Dual und Holzingenieurwesen mit Orientierungssemester : vom 28. Juni 2018 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 90/2018 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 8. November 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 120/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {15 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10949, title = {Zugangsordnung f{\"u}r die Masterstudieng{\"a}nge „Energiewirtschaft \& Informatik" (3 Semester) und „Energiewirtschaft \& Informatik" (4 Semester) Fachbereich Energietechnik Fachbereich Medizintechnik und Technomathematik an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 8. November 2019}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {4 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10950, title = {Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r die Masterstudieng{\"a}nge „Energiewirtschaft \& Informatik" (3 Semester) und „Energiewirtschaft \& Informatik" (4 Semester) Fachbereich Energietechnik Fachbereich Medizintechnik und Technomathematik an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 8. November 2019}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {14 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @article{StaeudleSeynnesLapsetal.2022, author = {St{\"a}udle, Benjamin and Seynnes, Olivier and Laps, Guido and Br{\"u}ggemann, Gert-Peter and Albracht, Kirsten}, title = {Altered gastrocnemius contractile behavior in former achilles tendon rupture patients during walking}, series = {Frontiers in Physiology}, volume = {13}, journal = {Frontiers in Physiology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-042X}, doi = {10.3389/fphys.2022.792576}, pages = {12 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) remains associated with functional limitations years after injury. Architectural remodeling of the gastrocnemius medialis (GM) muscle is typically observed in the affected leg and may compensate force deficits caused by a longer tendon. Yet patients seem to retain functional limitations during—low-force—walking gait. To explore the potential limits imposed by the remodeled GM muscle-tendon unit (MTU) on walking gait, we examined the contractile behavior of muscle fascicles during the stance phase. In a cross-sectional design, we studied nine former patients (males; age: 45 ± 9 years; height: 180 ± 7 cm; weight: 83 ± 6 kg) with a history of complete unilateral ATR, approximately 4 years post-surgery. Using ultrasonography, GM tendon morphology, muscle architecture at rest, and fascicular behavior were assessed during walking at 1.5 m⋅s-1 on a treadmill. Walking patterns were recorded with a motion capture system. The unaffected leg served as control. Lower limbs kinematics were largely similar between legs during walking. Typical features of ATR-related MTU remodeling were observed during the stance sub-phases corresponding to series elastic element (SEE) lengthening (energy storage) and SEE shortening (energy release), with shorter GM fascicles (36 and 36\%, respectively) and greater pennation angles (8° and 12°, respectively). However, relative to the optimal fascicle length for force production, fascicles operated at comparable length in both legs. Similarly, when expressed relative to optimal fascicle length, fascicle contraction velocity was not different between sides, except at the time-point of peak series elastic element (SEE) length, where it was 39 ± 49\% lower in the affected leg. Concomitantly, fascicles rotation during contraction was greater in the affected leg during the whole stance-phase, and architectural gear ratios (AGR) was larger during SEE lengthening. Under the present testing conditions, former ATR patients had recovered a relatively symmetrical walking gait pattern. Differences in seen AGR seem to accommodate the profound changes in MTU architecture, limiting the required fascicle shortening velocity. Overall, the contractile behavior of the GM fascicles does not restrict length- or velocity-dependent force potentials during this locomotor task.}, language = {en} } @article{QuittmannAbelAlbrachtetal.2022, author = {Quittmann, Oliver J. and Abel, Thomas and Albracht, Kirsten and Str{\"u}der, Heiko K.}, title = {Biomechanics of all-out handcycling exercise: kinetics, kinematics and muscular activity of a 15-s sprint test in able-bodied participants}, series = {Sports Biomechanics}, volume = {21}, journal = {Sports Biomechanics}, number = {10}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, address = {London}, issn = {1752-6116 (Onlineausgabe)}, doi = {10.1080/14763141.2020.1745266}, pages = {1200 -- 1223}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This study aims to quantify the kinematics, kinetics and muscular activity of all-out handcycling exercise and examine their alterations during the course of a 15-s sprint test. Twelve able-bodied competitive triathletes performed a 15-s all-out sprint test in a recumbent racing handcycle that was attached to an ergometer. During the sprint test, tangential crank kinetics, 3D joint kinematics and muscular activity of 10 muscles of the upper extremity and trunk were examined using a power metre, motion capturing and surface electromyography (sEMG), respectively. Parameters were compared between revolution one (R1), revolution two (R2), the average of revolution 3 to 13 (R3) and the average of the remaining revolutions (R4). Shoulder abduction and internal-rotation increased, whereas maximal shoulder retroversion decreased during the sprint. Except for the wrist angles, angular velocity increased for every joint of the upper extremity. Several muscles demonstrated an increase in muscular activation, an earlier onset of muscular activation in crank cycle and an increased range of activation. During the course of a 15-s all-out sprint test in handcycling, the shoulder muscles and the muscles associated to the push phase demonstrate indications for short-duration fatigue. These findings are helpful to prevent injuries and improve performance in all-out handcycling.}, language = {en} } @article{RichterBraunsteinStaeudleetal.2021, author = {Richter, Charlotte and Braunstein, Bj{\"o}rn and St{\"a}udle, Benjamin and Attias, Julia and S{\"u}ss, Alexander and Weber, Tobias and Mileva, Katya N. and Rittweger, J{\"o}rn and Green, David A. and Albracht, Kirsten}, title = {Gastrocnemius medialis contractile behavior during running differs between simulated Lunar and Martian gravities}, series = {Scientific reports}, volume = {11}, journal = {Scientific reports}, number = {Article number: 22555}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {London}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-021-00527-9}, pages = {13 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The international partnership of space agencies has agreed to proceed forward to the Moon sustainably. Activities on the Lunar surface (0.16 g) will allow crewmembers to advance the exploration skills needed when expanding human presence to Mars (0.38 g). Whilst data from actual hypogravity activities are limited to the Apollo missions, simulation studies have indicated that ground reaction forces, mechanical work, muscle activation, and joint angles decrease with declining gravity level. However, these alterations in locomotion biomechanics do not necessarily scale to the gravity level, the reduction in gastrocnemius medialis activation even appears to level off around 0.2 g, while muscle activation pattern remains similar. Thus, it is difficult to predict whether gastrocnemius medialis contractile behavior during running on Moon will basically be the same as on Mars. Therefore, this study investigated lower limb joint kinematics and gastrocnemius medialis behavior during running at 1 g, simulated Martian gravity, and simulated Lunar gravity on the vertical treadmill facility. The results indicate that hypogravity-induced alterations in joint kinematics and contractile behavior still persist between simulated running on the Moon and Mars. This contrasts with the concept of a ceiling effect and should be carefully considered when evaluating exercise prescriptions and the transferability of locomotion practiced in Lunar gravity to Martian gravity.}, language = {en} } @article{WerkhausenWillwacherAlbracht2021, author = {Werkhausen, Amelie and Willwacher, Steffen and Albracht, Kirsten}, title = {Medial gastrocnemius muscle fascicles shorten throughout stance during sprint acceleration}, series = {Scandinavian Journal of Medicine \& Science in Sports}, volume = {31}, journal = {Scandinavian Journal of Medicine \& Science in Sports}, number = {7}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0905-7188 (Druckausgabe)}, doi = {10.1111/sms.13956}, pages = {1471 -- 1480}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The compliant nature of distal limb muscle-tendon units is traditionally considered suboptimal in explosive movements when positive joint work is required. However, during accelerative running, ankle joint net mechanical work is positive. Therefore, this study aims to investigate how plantar flexor muscle-tendon behavior is modulated during fast accelerations. Eleven female sprinters performed maximum sprint accelerations from starting blocks, while gastrocnemius muscle fascicle lengths were estimated using ultrasonography. We combined motion analysis and ground reaction force measurements to assess lower limb joint kinematics and kinetics, and to estimate gastrocnemius muscle-tendon unit length during the first two acceleration steps. Outcome variables were resampled to the stance phase and averaged across three to five trials. Relevant scalars were extracted and analyzed using one-sample and two-sample t-tests, and vector trajectories were compared using statistical parametric mapping. We found that an uncoupling of muscle fascicle behavior from muscle-tendon unit behavior is effectively used to produce net positive mechanical work at the joint during maximum sprint acceleration. Muscle fascicles shortened throughout the first and second steps, while shortening occurred earlier during the first step, where negative joint work was lower compared with the second step. Elastic strain energy may be stored during dorsiflexion after touchdown since fascicles did not lengthen at the same time to dissipate energy. Thus, net positive work generation is accommodated by the reuse of elastic strain energy along with positive gastrocnemius fascicle work. Our results show a mechanism of how muscles with high in-series compliance can contribute to net positive joint work.}, language = {en} } @article{MontiWaldvogelRitzmannetal.2021, author = {Monti, Elena and Waldvogel, Janice and Ritzmann, Ramona and Freyler, Kathrin and Albracht, Kirsten and Helm, Michael and De Cesare, Niccol{\`o} and Pavan, Piero and Reggiani, Carlo and Gollhofer, Albert and Narici, Marco Vincenzo}, title = {Muscle in variable gravity: "I do not know where I am, but I know what to do"}, series = {Frontiers in Physiology}, volume = {12}, journal = {Frontiers in Physiology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-042X}, doi = {10.3389/fphys.2021.714655}, pages = {19 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Performing tasks, such as running and jumping, requires activation of the agonist and antagonist muscles before (motor unit pre-activation) and during movement performance (Santello and Mcdonagh, 1998). A well-timed and regulated muscle activation elicits a stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) response, naturally occurring in bouncing movements (Ishikawa and Komi, 2004; Taube et al., 2012). By definition, the SSC describes the stretching of a pre-activated muscle-tendon complex immediately followed by a muscle shortening in the concentric push-off phase (Komi, 1984). Given the importance of SSC actions for human movement, it is not surprising that many studies investigated the biomechanics of this phenomenon; in particular, drop jumps (DJs) represent a good paradigm to study muscle fascicle and tendon behavior in ballistic movements involving the SSC. Within a DJ, three main phases [pre-activation, braking, and push-off (PO; Komi, 2000)] have been recognized and extensively studied in common and challenging conditions, such as changes in load, falling height, or simulated hypo-gravity (Avela et al., 1994; Arampatzis et al., 2001; Fukashiro et al., 2005; Ishikawa et al., 2005; Sousa et al., 2007; Ritzmann et al., 2016; Helm et al., 2020). These studies show that the timing and amount of triceps-surae muscle-tendon unit pre-activation in DJs are differentially regulated based on the load applied to the muscle, being optimal in normal "Earth" gravity conditions (Avela et al., 1994), but decreased in simulated hypo-gravity, hyper-gravity (Avela et al., 1994; Ritzmann et al., 2016), or unknown conditions (i.e., unknown falling heights; Helm et al., 2020). Some authors indicated that, when falling from heights different from the optimal one [defined as the drop height giving a maximum DJ performance indicated as peak ground reaction force (GRF) or jump high], electromyographic (EMG) activity of the plantar flexors increases from lower than optimal to higher than optimal heights (Ishikawa and Komi, 2004; Sousa et al., 2007). These findings highlight the ability of the central nervous system to regulate the timing and amount of pre-activation according to different jumping conditions, thus regulating muscle fascicle length, tendon and joint stiffness as well as position, in order to safely land on the ground and quickly re-bounce. Similarly, to pre-activation, also in the braking phase, the plantar flexors are differentially regulated. In optimal height (i.e., load) jumping conditions, gastrocnemius medialis (GM) fascicles shorten at early ground contact (possibly due to the intervention of the stretch reflex; Gollhofer et al., 1992) and behave quasi-isometrically in the late braking phase, enabling tendon elongation, and storage of elastic energy (Gollhofer et al., 1992; Fukashiro et al., 2005; Sousa et al., 2007). When increasing the falling height (augmenting the impact GRF), the quasi-isometric behavior of fascicles disappears, and fast fascicle lengthening occurs (Ishikawa et al., 2005; Sousa et al., 2007). In the third and last PO phase, fascicles shorten and the tendon releases the elastic energy previously stored. Bobbert et al. (1987) reported no influence of jumping height on the work done and on the net vertical impulse assessed during PO; this observation suggests that, despite an optimal DJ performance might be achieved only in specific conditions (falling heights, loads), the central nervous system seems to be able to regulate muscle behavior in order to effectively perform the required task also in challenging situations. Although the regulation of triceps-surae muscle-tendon unit in DJs has been extensively investigated, very few studies focused on sarcomeres behavior during the performance of this SSC movement (Kurokawa et al., 2003; Fukashiro et al., 2005, 2006). Sarcomeres represent muscle contractile units and are known to express different amounts of force depending on their length (Gordon et al., 1966; Walker and Schrodt, 1974); thus, understanding the time course of their responses during DJs is fundamental to gain further insights into muscle force-generating capacity. In vivo measurement of sarcomere length in humans has been so far been performed only in static positions and under highly controlled experimental conditions (Llewellyn et al., 2008; Sanchez et al., 2015). Instead, human sarcomere length estimation (achieved by dividing GM measured fascicle length for a fixed sarcomere number) in dynamic contractions provided an indirect measure of sarcomere operating range during squat jump, countermovement jump, and DJ (Fukashiro et al., 2005, 2006; Kurokawa et al., 2003). The results of these studies showed that sarcomeres operate in the ascending limb of their length-tension (L-T) relationship in all types of jumps, and particularly so in DJ. However, most of the available observations on sarcomere and muscle fascicle behavior were made in condition of constant gravity. Thus, in order to understand how sarcomere and muscle fascicle length are regulated in variable gravity conditions, we performed experiments in a parabolic flight, involving variable gravity levels, ranging from about zero-g to about double the Earth's gravity (1 g; Waldvogel et al., 2021). Specifically, the aims of the present study were as follows: 1. To investigate the ability of the neuromuscular system in regulating fascicle length in response to conditions of variable gravity. 2. To estimate sarcomere operative length in the different DJ phases, in order to calculate its theoretical force production and its possible modulation in conditions of variable gravity. We hypothesized that muscle fascicles would be differentially regulated in different gravity conditions compared to 1 g, particularly in anticipation of landing and re-bouncing in unknown gravity levels. In addition, we hypothesized that sarcomeres would operate in the upper part of the ascending limb of their L-T relationship, possibly lengthening during the braking phase (especially in hyper-gravity) while operating quasi-isometrically in 1 g.}, language = {en} } @article{StaeudleSeynnesLapsetal.2021, author = {St{\"a}udle, Benjamin and Seynnes, Olivier and Laps, Guido and G{\"o}ll, Fabian and Br{\"u}ggemann, Gert-Peter and Albracht, Kirsten}, title = {Recovery from achilles tendon repair: a combination of Postsurgery Outcomes and Insufficient remodeling of muscle and tendon}, series = {Medicine \& Science in Sports \& Exercise}, volume = {53}, journal = {Medicine \& Science in Sports \& Exercise}, number = {7}, publisher = {American College of Sports Medicine}, address = {Philadelphia, Pa.}, issn = {1530-0315}, doi = {10.1249/MSS.0000000000002592}, pages = {1356 -- 1366}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) patients have persistent functional deficits in the triceps surae muscle-tendon unit (MTU). The complex remodeling of the MTU accompanying these deficits remains poorly understood. The purpose of the present study was to associate in vivo and in silico data to investigate the relations between changes inMTU properties and strength deficits inATR patients. Methods: Elevenmale subjects who had undergone surgical repair of complete unilateral ATR were examined 4.6 ± 2.0 (mean ± SD) yr after rupture. Gastrocnemius medialis (GM) tendon stiffness, morphology, and muscle architecture were determined using ultrasonography. The force-length relation of the plantar flexor muscles was assessed at five ankle joint angles. In addition, simulations (OpenSim) of the GM MTU force-length properties were performed with various iterations of MTU properties found between the unaffected and the affected side. Results: The affected side of the patients displayed a longer, larger, and stiffer GM tendon (13\% ± 10\%, 105\% ± 28\%, and 54\% ± 24\%, respectively) compared with the unaffected side. The GM muscle fascicles of the affected side were shorter (32\% ± 12\%) and with greater pennation angles (31\% ± 26\%). A mean deficit in plantarflexion moment of 31\% ± 10\% was measured. Simulations indicate that pairing an intact muscle with a longer tendon shifts the optimal angular range of peak force outside physiological angular ranges, whereas the shorter muscle fascicles and tendon stiffening seen in the affected side decrease this shift, albeit incompletely. Conclusions: These results suggest that the substantial changes in MTU properties found in ATR patients may partly result from compensatory remodeling, although this process appears insufficient to fully restore muscle function.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Dreschers2023, author = {Dreschers, Martin}, title = {\S25 Arbeitsrechtliche Probleme im Rahmen der Betriebsfortf{\"u}hrung}, series = {Betriebsfortf{\"u}hrung in Restrukturierung und Insolvenz}, booktitle = {Betriebsfortf{\"u}hrung in Restrukturierung und Insolvenz}, editor = {M{\"o}nning, Rolf-Dieter}, publisher = {RWS Verlag}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, isbn = {978-3-8145-2012-4 (print)}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.15375/9783814558882-028}, pages = {947 -- 988}, year = {2023}, language = {de} } @incollection{Dreschers2023, author = {Dreschers, Martin}, title = {\S18 Grenz{\"u}berschreitende Eigenverwaltung}, series = {HRI II - Handbuch Restrukturierung in der Insolvenz}, booktitle = {HRI II - Handbuch Restrukturierung in der Insolvenz}, editor = {K{\"u}bler, Bruno M. and Bork, Reinhard and Pr{\"u}tting, Hanns}, publisher = {RWS Verlag}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, isbn = {978-3-8145-2010-0 (print)}, doi = {10.15375/9783814558714-028}, pages = {524 -- 556}, year = {2023}, language = {de} } @article{WerkhausenAlbrachtCroninetal.2018, author = {Werkhausen, Amelie and Albracht, Kirsten and Cronin, Neil J and Paulsen, G{\o}ran and Bojsen-M{\o}ller, Jens and Seynnes, Olivier R}, title = {Effect of training-induced changes in achilles tendon stiffness on muscle-tendon behavior during landing}, series = {Frontiers in physiology}, journal = {Frontiers in physiology}, number = {9}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-042X}, doi = {10.3389/fphys.2018.00794}, pages = {11 Seiten}, year = {2018}, abstract = {During rapid deceleration of the body, tendons buffer part of the elongation of the muscle-tendon unit (MTU), enabling safe energy dissipation via eccentric muscle contraction. Yet, the influence of changes in tendon stiffness within the physiological range upon these lengthening contractions is unknown. This study aimed to examine the effect of training-induced stiffening of the Achilles tendon on triceps surae muscle-tendon behavior during a landing task. Twenty-one male subjects were assigned to either a 10-week resistance-training program consisting of single-leg isometric plantarflexion (n = 11) or to a non-training control group (n = 10). Before and after the training period, plantarflexion force, peak Achilles tendon strain and stiffness were measured during isometric contractions, using a combination of dynamometry, ultrasound and kinematics data. Additionally, testing included a step-landing task, during which joint mechanics and lengths of gastrocnemius and soleus fascicles, Achilles tendon, and MTU were determined using synchronized ultrasound, kinematics and kinetics data collection. After training, plantarflexion strength and Achilles tendon stiffness increased (15 and 18\%, respectively), and tendon strain during landing remained similar. Likewise, lengthening and negative work produced by the gastrocnemius MTU did not change detectably. However, in the training group, gastrocnemius fascicle length was offset (8\%) to a longer length at touch down and, surprisingly, fascicle lengthening and velocity were reduced by 27 and 21\%, respectively. These changes were not observed for soleus fascicles when accounting for variation in task execution between tests. These results indicate that a training-induced increase in tendon stiffness does not noticeably affect the buffering action of the tendon when the MTU is rapidly stretched. Reductions in gastrocnemius fascicle lengthening and lengthening velocity during landing occurred independently from tendon strain. Future studies are required to provide insight into the mechanisms underpinning these observations and their influence on energy dissipation.}, language = {en} } @article{YangKriechbaumerAlbrachtetal.2014, author = {Yang, Peng-Fei and Kriechbaumer, Andreas and Albracht, Kirsten and Sanno, Maximilian and Ganse, Bergita and Koy, Timmo and Shang, Peng and br{\"u}ggemann, Gert-Peter and M{\"u}ller, Lars Peter and Rittweger, J{\"o}rn}, title = {A novel optical approach for assessing in vivo bone segment deformation and its application in muscle-bone relationship studies in humans}, series = {Journal of Orthopaedic Translation}, volume = {2}, journal = {Journal of Orthopaedic Translation}, number = {4}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Singapore}, issn = {2214-0328}, doi = {10.1016/j.jot.2014.07.078}, pages = {238 -- 238}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @misc{OPUS4-10951, title = {Richtlinie zur Durchf{\"u}hrung von Sonderveranstaltungen in den Geb{\"a}uden und Liegenschaften der FH Aachen (Veranstaltungsrichtlinie) : vom 20. November 2019}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {21 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10952, title = {Richtlinie zur Durchf{\"u}hrung von Sonderveranstaltungen in den Geb{\"a}uden und Liegenschaften der FH Aachen (Veranstaltungsrichtlinie) : vom 20. November 2019 Anlage 1 aktualisiert am 22. Januar 2020}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {21 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10953, title = {Richtlinie f{\"u}r die Besch{\"a}ftigung und Verg{\"u}tung studentischer und wissenschaftlicher Hilfskr{\"a}fte an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 20. November 2019}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {6 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10954, title = {Richtlinie f{\"u}r die Besch{\"a}ftigung und Verg{\"u}tung studentischer und wissenschaftlicher Hilfskr{\"a}fte an der Fachhochschule Aachen : vom 20. November 2019 aktualisiert am 24. November 2022}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {6 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10955, title = {Gleichstellungsquoten der FH Aachen f{\"u}r die Jahre 2019 -2021 : vom 20. November 2019}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {2 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10956, title = {Ordnung zur Aufhebung der Pr{\"u}fungsordnungen f{\"u}r den Masterstudiengang „Nuclear Applications" vom 13. Februar 2004 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 5/2004) und vom 25. Februar 2010 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 15/2010) in den Fassungen der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnungen vom 6. November 2012 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 120/2012), 18. Juni 2014 (FH- Mitteilung Nr. 72/2014) und vom 15. Juni 2015 (FH-Mitteilung Nr. 28/2015) : vom 29. November 2019}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {3 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10957, title = {5. Ordnung zur {\"A}nderung der Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r die Bachelorstudieng{\"a}nge „Betriebswirtschaft Praxis Plus" und „Betriebswirtschaft Praxis Plus (Teilzeit)" mit dem Studienabschluss „Bachelor of Science" am Fachbereich Wirtschaftswissenschaften der Fachhochschule Aachen (PO - BWL Praxis Plus) : vom 29. November 2019}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {2 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-10958, title = {Pr{\"u}fungsordnung f{\"u}r die Bachelorstudieng{\"a}nge „Betriebswirtschaft Praxis Plus" und „Betriebswirtschaft Praxis Plus (Teilzeit)" mit dem Studienabschluss „Bachelor of Science" am Fachbereich Wirtschaftswissenschaften der Fachhochschule Aachen (PO-BWL Praxis Plus) : vom 14. Januar 2014 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 2/2014 in der Fassung der Bekanntmachung der {\"A}nderungsordnung vom 29. November 2019 - FH-Mitteilung Nr. 128/2019 (Nichtamtliche lesbare Fassung | Studienbeginn ab WS 2019/20)}, organization = {FH Aachen}, pages = {11 Seiten}, year = {2019}, language = {de} }