@article{KluczkaEcksteinAlexopoulosetal.2014,
  author    = {Kluczka, Sven and Eckstein, Julian and Alexopoulos, Spiros and Vaeßen, Christiane and Roeb, Martin},
  title     = {Process simulation for solar steam and dry reforming},
  series = {Energy procedia : Proceedings of the SolarPACES 2013 International Conference},
  volume    = {49},
  journal   = {Energy procedia : Proceedings of the SolarPACES 2013 International Conference},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1876-6102 (E-Journal)},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.egypro.2014.03.092},
  pages     = {850 -- 859},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {In co-operation with the German Aerospace Center, the Solar-Institut J{\"u}lich has been analyzing the different technologies that are available for methanol production from CO2 using solar energy. The aim of the project is to extract CO2 from industrial exhaust gases or directly from the atmosphere to recycle it by use of solar energy. Part of the study was the modeling and simulating of a methane reformer for the production of synthesis gas, which can be operated by solar or hybrid heat sources. The reformer has been simplified in such a way that the model is accurate and enables fast calculations. The developed pseudo-homogeneous one- dimensional model can be regarded as a kind of counter-current heat exchanger and is able to incorporate a steam reforming reaction as well as a dry reforming reaction.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchusserBaeckerKrischeretal.2014,
  author    = {Schusser, Sebastian and B{\"a}cker, Matthias and Krischer, M. and Wenzel, L. and Leinhos, Marcel and Poghossian, Arshak and Biselli, Manfred and Wagner, P. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Enzymatically catalyzed degradation of biodegradable polymers investigated by means of a semiconductor-based field-effect sensor},
  series = {Procedia Engineering},
  volume    = {87},
  journal   = {Procedia Engineering},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1877-7058},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.proeng.2014.11.689},
  pages     = {1314 -- 1317},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {A semiconductor field-effect device has been used for an enzymatically catalyzed degradation of biopolymers for the first time. This novel technique is capable to monitor the degradation process of multiple samples in situ and in real-time. As model system, the degradation of the biopolymer poly(D, L-lactic acid) has been monitored in the degradation medium containing the enzyme lipase from Rhizomucor miehei. The obtained results demonstrate the potential of capacitive field-effect sensors for degradation studies of biodegradable polymers.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PoghossianSchoening2014,
  author    = {Poghossian, Arshak and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Label-free sensing of biomolecules with field-effect devices for clinical applications},
  series = {Electroanalysis},
  volume    = {26},
  journal   = {Electroanalysis},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1521-4109 (E-Journal); 1040-0397 (Print)},
  doi       = {10.1002/elan.201400073},
  pages     = {1197 -- 1213},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Among the variety of transducer concepts proposed for label-free detection of biomolecules, the semiconductor field-effect device (FED) is one of the most attractive platforms. As medical techniques continue to progress towards diagnostic and therapies based on biomarkers, the ability of FEDs for a label-free, fast and real-time detection of multiple pathogenic and physiologically relevant molecules with high specificity and sensitivity offers very promising prospects for their application in point-of-care and personalized medicine for an early diagnosis and treatment of diseases. The presented paper reviews recent advances and current trends in research and development of different FEDs for label-free, direct electrical detection of charged biomolecules by their intrinsic molecular charge. The authors are mainly focusing on the detection of the DNA hybridization event, antibody-antigen affinity reaction as well as clinically relevant biomolecules such as cardiac and cancer biomarkers.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoltrupSadeghfamHeuermannetal.2014,
  author    = {Holtrup, S. and Sadeghfam, Arash and Heuermann, Holger and Awakowicz, P.},
  title     = {Characterization and optimization technique for microwave-driven high-intensity discharge lamps using hot S-parameters},
  series = {IEEE transactions on microwave theories and techniques},
  volume    = {62},
  journal   = {IEEE transactions on microwave theories and techniques},
  number    = {10},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {0018-9480},
  doi       = {10.1109/TMTT.2014.2342652},
  pages     = {2471 -- 2480},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {High-intensity discharge lamps can be driven by radio-frequency signals in the ISM frequency band at 2.45 GHz, using a matching network to transform the impedance of the plasma to the source impedance. To achieve an optimal operating condition, a good characterization of the lamp in terms of radio frequency equivalent circuits under operating conditions is necessary, enabling the design of an efficient matching network. This paper presents the characterization technique for such lamps and presents the design of the required matching network. For the characterization, a high-intensity discharge lamp was driven by a monofrequent large signal at 2.45 GHz, whereas a frequency sweep over 300 MHz was performed across this signal to measure so-called small-signal hot S-parameters using a vector network analyzer. These parameters are then used as an equivalent load in a circuit simulator to design an appropriate matching network. Using the measured data as a black-box model in the simulation results in a quick and efficient method to simulate and design efficient matching networks in spite of the complex plasma behavior. Furthermore, photometric analysis of high-intensity discharge lamps are carried out, comparing microwave operation to conventional operation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Laack2014,
  author    = {Laack, Walter van},
  title     = {Therefore Fermat is right},
  series = {American journal of humanities and social sciences : AJHSS},
  volume    = {2},
  journal   = {American journal of humanities and social sciences : AJHSS},
  number    = {2},
  issn      = {2329-079X (E-Journal); 2329-0781 (Print)},
  pages     = {117 -- 120},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {It was Fernat's idea to investigate how many numbers would fulfill the equation according to the Pythagorean Theorem if the exponent were increased to random, e.g. to a3 + b3 = c3. His question became therefore: are there two whole numbers the cubes of which add up to the volume of the cube of a third whole number? He posed this same question, of course, for all kinds of higher exponents, so that the equation could be generalized: is there an integral solution for the equation an + bn = cn, if the exponent n is higher than 2? Although in 1993, the English mathematician Andrew Wiles was able to produce an arithmetical proof for Fermat's famous theorem, I will show that there is a simple logical explanation which is also pragmatic and plausible and what is the result of a fundamental alternative idea how our world seems to be constructed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Laack2014,
  author    = {Laack, Walter van},
  title     = {Nature is much smarter than expected: the Genetic Code is not degenerate},
  series = {American journal of humanities and social sciences},
  volume    = {Vol. 2},
  journal   = {American journal of humanities and social sciences},
  number    = {No. 1},
  issn      = {2329-0781 (Print) ; 2329-079X (Online)},
  pages     = {10 -- 12},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {In any books about genetics it can still today be read that our genetic code is called "degenerate" because it is still believed that 43 = 64 triplets encode the 20 essential amino acids. Indeed we have to assume the inverse law, what means that 34 = 81 exact code positions are really effective for our genetic code and encode the amino acids, compiled to proteins. This very important discovery leads to two completely new results that are limits-overlooking: 1) 34 (=81) genetic code positions mean exactly the same number as there are stable and naturally existing chemical elements in our universe. This famous argument should now lead to some alternative, as well as new fundamental conclusions about our existence. 2) A genetic code positioning system shows that nature is much smarter than expected: mutations are made less dangerous than believed, because they won't be that easily able any more to cause severe damages in the protein-synthesis. This should also lead to some alternative views upon evolution of life.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BeckBuchleitnerFerreinetal.2014,
  author    = {Beck, Daniel and Buchleitner, Martin and Ferrein, Alexander and Niem{\"u}ller, Tim and Steinbauer, Gerald},
  title     = {Mostly Harmless \& AllemaniACs - mixed innovations},
  pages     = {1 -- 8},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WolfBiesenGreeb2014,
  author    = {Wolf, Martin R. and Biesen, Ina van der and Greeb, Birgit},
  title     = {Mein Freund, die Uni},
  series = {Die neue Hochschule : DNH : f{\"u}r anwendungsbezogene Wissenschaft und Kunst},
  volume    = {2014},
  journal   = {Die neue Hochschule : DNH : f{\"u}r anwendungsbezogene Wissenschaft und Kunst},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {HLB},
  address   = {Bonn},
  issn      = {0340-448X},
  pages     = {54 -- 56},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BronderWuPoghossianetal.2014,
  author    = {Bronder, Thomas and Wu, Chunsheng and Poghossian, Arshak and Werner, Frederik and Keusgen, M. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Label-free detection of DNA hybridization with light-addressable potentiometric sensors: comparison of various DNA-immobilization strategies},
  series = {Procedia Engineering},
  volume    = {87},
  journal   = {Procedia Engineering},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1877-7058},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.proeng.2014.11.647},
  pages     = {755 -- 758},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Light-addressable potentiometric sensors (LAPS) consisting of a p-Si-SiO2 and p-Si-SiO2-Au structure, respectively, have been tested for a label-free electrical detection of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) hybridization. Three different strategies for immobilizing single-stranded probe DNA (ssDNA) molecules on a LAPS surface have been studied and compared: (a) immobilization of thiol-modified ssDNA on the patterned Au surface via gold-thiol bond, (b) covalent immobilization of amino-modified ssDNA onto the SiO2 surface functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and (c) layer-by-layer adsorption of negatively charged ssDNA on a positively charged weak polyelectrolyte layer of poly(allylamine hydrochloride).},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Laack2014,
  author    = {Laack, Walter van},
  title     = {Nahtoderfahrungen aus medizinischer Sicht},
  series = {Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift : DMW},
  volume    = {Jg. 139},
  journal   = {Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift : DMW},
  number    = {H. 51/52},
  publisher = {Thieme},
  address   = {Stuttgart},
  issn      = {1439-4413 (E-Journal); 0012-0472 (Print); 1437-5982 (Print)},
  doi       = {10.1055/s-0034-1387363},
  pages     = {2651 -- 2654},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Nah- versus Nachtoderfahrungen Nahtoderfahrungen (NTE) sind ein Ph{\"a}nomen aus der Kategorie „außergew{\"o}hnliche Bewusstseinserfahrungen". Sie treten in unmittelbarer N{\"a}he des eigenen Todes auf. Oft, aber nicht immer, handelt es sich dabei um Erfahrungen von Personen, die durch {\"a}rztliche Maßnahmen wiederbelebt wurden und sp{\"a}ter davon berichten (NTE-ler). Jedoch kommen solche Ph{\"a}nomene auch bei Menschen vor, die w{\"a}hrend einer schweren Erkrankung eine lebensbedrohliche Krise haben, hiervon aber spontan genesen. Den NTE {\"a}hnlich sind auch sogenannte Nachtod-erfahrungen sowie spontane Erlebnisse, die im Rahmen anderer außergew{\"o}hnlicher Stresssituationen auftreten. Von Nachtoderfahrungen spricht man, wenn die Betroffenen anl{\"a}sslich des Todes von geliebten Angeh{\"o}rigen oder Freunden Erlebnisse haben, die inhaltlich ebenfalls, zumindest aber teilweise, denen von NTE entsprechen. Nachtoderfahrungen sowie spontane NTE-{\"a}hnliche Erlebnisse unterscheiden sich jedoch von den echten NTE zumeist sowohl quantitativ als auch qualitativ. Unter einem quantitativen Unterschied versteht man in diesem Zusammenhang eine in der Regel geringer ausgepr{\"a}gte Komplexit{\"a}t, als sie sehr vielen NTE zu eigen ist. Da sich aber auch viele NTE selbst bez{\"u}glich ihrer Komplexit{\"a}t unterscheiden, ist der Hauptunterschied qualitativer Natur: Echte NTE besitzen gegen{\"u}ber den anderen hier erw{\"a}hnten Ph{\"a}nomenen eine gr{\"o}ßere inhaltliche und emotionale Tiefe. Sie begleiten die Betroffenen anschließend ein Leben lang - zumeist mit positiven, in Einzelf{\"a}llen aber auch mit negativen Folgen, die bis zu einem sp{\"a}teren Suizid reichen k{\"o}nnen. Die genannten außergew{\"o}hnlichen Bewusstseinsph{\"a}nomene lassen sich in ihrer Gesamtheit bei rund 5 \% der Bev{\"o}lkerung finden. NTE im Speziellen haben hiervon einen durchaus bedeutenden Anteil. Je nach Studie geben zwischen 18 \% und 40 \% aller Personen, die reanimiert wurden, an, w{\"a}hrenddessen eine NTE erlebt zu haben. Dass nicht alle eine solche Erfahrung machen, wird von Kritikern gern dahingehend interpretiert, NTE seien rein physiologischer und keineswegs spiritueller Natur. Jedoch sollte man bedenken, dass im Fall einer rein neurophysiologischen Grundlage von NTE dann bei jedem ein solches Ph{\"a}nomen zu erwarten w{\"a}re, so wie beispielsweise auch die Symptome einer Hypoglyk{\"a}mie im Wesentlichen immer dieselben sind.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{RauAlexopoulosBreitbachetal.2014,
  author    = {Rau, Christoph and Alexopoulos, Spiros and Breitbach, Gerd and Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Latzke, Markus and Sattler, Johannes Christoph},
  title     = {Transient simulation of a solar-hybrid tower power plant with open volumetric receiver at the location Barstow},
  series = {Energy procedia : proceedings of the SolarPACES 2013 International Conference},
  volume    = {49},
  journal   = {Energy procedia : proceedings of the SolarPACES 2013 International Conference},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1876-6102},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.egypro.2014.03.157},
  pages     = {1481 -- 1490},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {In this work the transient simulations of four hybrid solar tower power plant concepts with open-volumetric receiver technology for a location in Barstow-Daggett, USA, are presented. The open-volumetric receiver uses ambient air as heat transfer fluid and the hybridization is realized with a gas turbine. The Rankine cycle is heated by solar-heated air and/or by the gas turbine's flue gases. The plant can be operated in solar-only, hybrid parallel or combined cycle-only mode as well as in any intermediate load levels where the solar portion can vary between 0 to 100\%. The simulated plant is based on the configuration of a solar-hybrid power tower project, which is in planning for a site in Northern Algeria. The meteorological data for Barstow-Daggett was taken from the software meteonorm. The solar power tower simulation tool has been developed in the simulation environment MATLAB/Simulink and is validated.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LeinhosSchusserBaeckeretal.2014,
  author    = {Leinhos, Marcel and Schusser, Sebastian and B{\"a}cker, Matthias and Poghossian, Arshak and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Micromachined multi-parameter sensor chip for the control of polymer-degradation medium},
  series = {Physica Status Solidi (A) : special issue on engineering and functional interfaces},
  volume    = {211},
  journal   = {Physica Status Solidi (A) : special issue on engineering and functional interfaces},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1521-396X (E-Journal); 1862-6319 (E-Journal); 0031-8965 (Print); 1862-6300 (Print)},
  doi       = {10.1002/pssa.201330364},
  pages     = {1346 -- 1351},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {It is well known that the degradation environment can strongly influence the biodegradability and kinetics of biodegradation processes of polymers. Therefore, besides the monitoring of the degradation process, it is also necessary to control the medium in which the degradation takes place. In this work, a micromachined multi-parameter sensor chip for the control of the polymer-degradation medium has been developed. The chip combines a capacitive field-effect pH sensor, a four-electrode electrolyte-conductivity sensor and a thin-film Pt-temperature sensor. The results of characterization of individual sensors are presented. In addition, the multi-parameter sensor chip together with an impedimetric polymer-degradation sensor was simultaneously characterized in degradation solutions with different pH and electrolyte conductivity. The obtained results demonstrate the feasibility of the multi-parameter sensor chip for the control of the polymer-degradation medium.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HuckPoghossianBaeckeretal.2014,
  author    = {Huck, Christina and Poghossian, Arshak and B{\"a}cker, Matthias and Chaudhuri, S. and Zander, W. and Schubert, J. and Begoyan, V. K. and Buniatyan, V. V. and Wagner, P. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Capacitively coupled electrolyte-conductivity sensor based on high-k material of barium strontium titanate},
  series = {Sensors and actuators. B: Chemical},
  journal   = {Sensors and actuators. B: Chemical},
  number    = {198},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1873-3077 (E-Journal); 0925-4005 (Print)},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.snb.2014.02.103},
  pages     = {102 -- 109},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BaeckerKramerHucketal.2014,
  author    = {B{\"a}cker, Matthias and Kramer, F. and Huck, Christina and Poghossian, Arshak and Bratov, A. and Abramova, N. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Planar and 3D interdigitated electrodes for biosensing applications: The impact of a dielectric barrier on the sensor properties},
  series = {Physica Status Solidi (A) - Applications and Materials Science},
  volume    = {211},
  journal   = {Physica Status Solidi (A) - Applications and Materials Science},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1521-396X (E-Journal); 1862-6319 (E-Journal); 0031-8965 (Print); 1862-6300 (Print)},
  doi       = {10.1002/pssa.201330416},
  pages     = {1357 -- 1363},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Planar and three-dimensional (3D) interdigitated electrodes (IDE) with electrode digits separated by an insulating barrier of different heights were electrochemically characterized and compared in terms of their sensing properties. Due to the impact of the surface resistance, both types of IDE structures display a non-linear behavior in low-ionic strength solutions. The experimental data were fitted to an electrical equivalent circuit and interpreted taking into account the surface-charge-governed properties. The effect of a charged polyelectrolyte layer electrostatically assembled onto the sensor surface on the surface resistance in solutions with different KCl concentration is studied. In case of the same electrode footprint, 3D-IDEs show a larger cell constant and a higher sensitivity to molecular adsorption than that of planar IDEs. The obtained results demonstrate the potential of 3D-IDEs as a new transducer structure for a direct label-free sensing of charged molecules.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MoseleyHalamekKrameretal.2014,
  author    = {Moseley, Fiona and Halamek, Jan and Kramer, Friederike and Poghossian, Arshak and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Katz, Evgeny},
  title     = {An enzyme-based reversible CNOT logic gate realized in a flow system},
  series = {Analyst},
  volume    = {139},
  journal   = {Analyst},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  issn      = {1364-5528 (E-Journal) ; 0003-2654 (Print)},
  doi       = {10.1039/C4AN00133H},
  pages     = {1839 -- 1842},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {An enzyme system organized in a flow device was used to mimic a reversible Controlled NOT (CNOT) gate with two input and two output signals. Reversible conversion of NAD⁺ and NADH cofactors was used to perform a XOR logic operation, while biocatalytic hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl phosphate resulted in an Identity operation working in parallel. The first biomolecular realization of a CNOT gate is promising for integration into complex biomolecular networks and future biosensor/biomedical applications.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HuckPoghossianBaeckeretal.2014,
  author    = {Huck, Christina and Poghossian, Arshak and B{\"a}cker, Matthias and Reisert, Steffen and Schubert, J. and Zander, W. and Begoyan, V. K. and Buniatyan, V. V. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Chemical sensors based on a high-k perovskite oxide of barium strontium titanate},
  series = {Procedia Engineering},
  volume    = {87},
  journal   = {Procedia Engineering},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1877-7058},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.proeng.2014.11.258},
  pages     = {28 -- 31},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {High-k perovskite oxide of barium strontium titanate (BST) represents a very attractive multi-functional transducer material for the development of (bio-)chemical sensors for liquids. In this work, BST films have been applied as a sensitive transducer material for a label-free detection of adsorbed charged macromolecules (positively charged polyelectrolytes) and concentration of hydrogen peroxide vapor as well as protection insulator layer for a contactless electrolyte-conductivity sensor. The experimental results of characterization of individual sensors are presented. Special emphasis is devoted towards the development of a capacitively-coupled contactless electrolyte-conductivity sensor.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{TippkoetterDuweWiesenetal.2014,
  author    = {Tippk{\"o}tter, Nils and Duwe, Anna-Maria and Wiesen, Sebastian and Sieker, Tim and Ulber, Roland},
  title     = {Enzymatic hydrolysis of beech wood lignocellulose at high solid contents and its utilization as substrate for the production of biobutanol and dicarboxylic acids},
  series = {Bioresource Technology},
  volume    = {167},
  journal   = {Bioresource Technology},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.biortech.2014.06.052},
  pages     = {447 -- 455},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {The development of a cost-effective hydrolysis for crude cellulose is an essential part of biorefinery developments. To establish such high solid hydrolysis, a new solid state reactor with static mixing is used. However, concentrations >10\% (w/w) cause a rate and yield reduction of enzymatic hydrolysis. By optimizing the synergetic activity of cellulolytic enzymes at solid concentrations of 9\%, 17\% and 23\% (w/w) of crude Organosolv cellulose, glucose concentrations of 57, 113 and 152 g L⁻¹ are reached. However, the glucose yield decreases from 0.81 to 0.72gg⁻¹ at 17\% (w/w). Optimal conditions for hydrolysis scale-up under minimal enzyme addition are identified. As result, at 23\% (w/w) crude cellulose the glucose yield increases from 0.29 to 0.49gg⁻¹. As proof of its applicability, biobutanol, succinic and itaconic acid are produced with the crude hydrolysate. The potential of the substrate is proven e.g. by a high butanol yield of 0.33gg⁻¹.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{TippkoetterWollnySucketal.2014,
  author    = {Tippk{\"o}tter, Nils and Wollny, Steffen and Suck, Kirstin and Sohling, Ulrich and Ruf, Friedrich and Ulber, Roland},
  title     = {Recycling of spent oil bleaching earth as source of glycerol for the anaerobic production of acetone, butanol, and ethanol with Clostridium diolis and lipolytic Clostridium lundense},
  series = {Engineering in Life Sciences},
  volume    = {14},
  journal   = {Engineering in Life Sciences},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1618-2863},
  doi       = {10.1002/elsc.201300113},
  pages     = {425 -- 432},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {A major part of edible oil is subjected to bleaching procedures, primarily with minerals applied as adsorbers. Their recycling is currently done either by regaining the oil via organic solvent extraction or by using the spent bleaching earth (SBE) as additive for animal feed, etc. As a new method, the reutilization of the by-product SBE for the microbiologic formation of acetone, butanol, and ethanol (ABE) is presented as proof-of-concept. The SBE was taken from a palm oil cleaning process. The recycling concept is based on the application of lipolytic clostridia strains. Due to considerably long fermentation times, co-fermentation with Candida rugosa and enzymatic hydrolyses of the bound oil with a subsequent clostridia fermentation are shown as alternative routes. Anaerobic fermentations under comparison of different clostridia strains were performed with glycerol media, enzymatically hydrolyzed palm oil and SBE. Solutes, side product compositions and productivities were quantified via HPLC. A successful production of ABE solutes from SBE has been done with a yield of 0.15 g butanol per gram of bound glycerol. Thus, the biotechnological recycling of the waste stream is possible in principle. Inhibition of the substrate suspension has been observed. A chromatographic ion-exchange of substrates increased the biomass concentration.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HuckPoghossianKerroumietal.2014,
  author    = {Huck, Christina and Poghossian, Arshak and Kerroumi, Iman and Schusser, Sebastian and B{\"a}cker, Matthias and Zander, Willi and Schubert, J{\"u}rgen and Buniatyan, Vahe V. and Martirosyan, Norayr W. and Wagner, Patrick and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Multiparameter sensor chip with Barium Strontium Titanate as multipurpose material},
  series = {Electroanalysis},
  volume    = {26},
  journal   = {Electroanalysis},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1521-4109 (E-Journal); 1040-0397 (Print)},
  doi       = {10.1002/elan.201400076},
  pages     = {980 -- 987},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {It is well known that biochemical and biotechnological processes are strongly dependent and affected by a variety of physico-chemical parameters such as pH value, temperature, pressure and electrolyte conductivity. Therefore, these quantities have to be monitored or controlled in order to guarantee a stable process operation, optimization and high yield. In this work, a sensor chip for the multiparameter detection of three physico-chemical parameters such as electrolyte conductivity, pH and temperature is realized using barium strontium titanate (BST) as multipurpose material. The chip integrates a capacitively coupled four-electrode electrolyte-conductivity sensor, a capacitive field-effect pH sensor and a thin-film Pt-temperature sensor. Due to the multifunctional properties of BST, it is utilized as final outermost coating layer of the processed sensor chip and serves as passivation and protection layer as well as pH-sensitive transducer material at the same time. The results of testing of the individual sensors of the developed multiparameter sensor chip are presented. In addition, a quasi-simultaneous multiparameter characterization of the sensor chip in buffer solutions with different pH value and electrolyte conductivity is performed. To study the sensor behavior and the suitability of BST as multifunctional material under harsh environmental conditions, the sensor chip was exemplarily tested in a biogas digestate.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AkimbekovDigelZhubanova2014,
  author    = {Akimbekov, Nuraly S. and Digel, Ilya and Zhubanova, A. A.},
  title     = {Advantages of creation of e-books in training of specialists biologists and biotechnologists},
  series = {KazNU Bulletin. Biology series.},
  volume    = {60},
  journal   = {KazNU Bulletin. Biology series.},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Al-Farabi Kazakh National University},
  address   = {Almaty},
  issn      = {1563-0218},
  pages     = {249 -- 252},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {The necessity of e-books as a primary of learning, its opportunities for realization of competence during training biologist and biotechnologist specialists are determined. Definitions and requirements to the e-books, its advantages in comparison with traditional textbooks, and the ways of creation of e-books in the SunRav BookEditor program are considered.},
  language  = {ru}
}