@article{PuppeGiulianoFrantzetal.2018,
  author    = {Puppe, Michael and Giuliano, Stefano and Frantz, Cathy and Uhlig, Ralf and Schumacher, Ralph and Ibraheem, Wagdi and Schmalz, Stefan and Waldmann, Barbara and Guder, Christoph and Peter, Dennis and Schwager, Christian and Teixeira Boura, Cristiano Jos{\´e} and Alexopoulos, Spiros and Spiegel, Michael and Wortmann, J{\"u}rgen and Hinrichs, Matthias and Engelhard, Manfred and Aust, Michael},
  title     = {Techno-economic optimization of molten salt solar tower plants},
  series = {AIP Conference Proceedings art.no. 040033},
  volume    = {2033},
  journal   = {AIP Conference Proceedings art.no. 040033},
  number    = {Issue 1},
  publisher = {AIP Publishing},
  address   = {Melville, NY},
  doi       = {10.1063/1.5067069},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {In this paper the results of a techno-economic analysis of improved and optimized molten salt solar tower plants (MSSTP plants) are presented. The potential improvements that were analyzed include different receiver designs, different designs of the HTF-system and plant control, increased molten salt temperatures (up to 640°C) and multi-tower systems. Detailed technological and economic models of the solar field, solar receiver and high temperature fluid system (HTF-system) were developed and used to find potential improvements compared to a reference plant based on Solar Two technology and up-to-date cost estimations. The annual yield model calculates the annual outputs and the LCOE of all variants. An improved external tubular receiver and improved HTF-system achieves a significant decrease of LCOE compared to the reference. This is caused by lower receiver cost as well as improvements of the HTF-system and plant operation strategy, significantly reducing the plant own consumption. A novel star receiver shows potential for further cost decrease. The cavity receiver concepts result in higher LCOE due to their high investment cost, despite achieving higher efficiencies. Increased molten salt temperatures seem possible with an adapted, closed loop HTF-system and achieve comparable results to the original improved system (with 565°C) under the given boundary conditions. In this analysis all multi tower systems show lower economic viability compared to single tower systems, caused by high additional cost for piping connections and higher cost of the receivers. REFERENCES},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{GoettscheHoffschmidtSchmitzetal.2008,
  author    = {G{\"o}ttsche, Joachim and Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Schmitz, S. and Sauerborn, Markus and Rebholz, C. and Iffland, D. and Badst{\"u}bner, R. and Buck, R. and Teufel, E.},
  title     = {Test of a mini-mirror array for solar concentrating systems},
  series = {EuroSun 2008 : 1st International Conference on Solar Heating, Cooling and Buildings ; 7th - 10th October 2008, Lisbon, Portugal : key lectures / ISES, International Solar Energy Society. Vol. 1},
  booktitle = {EuroSun 2008 : 1st International Conference on Solar Heating, Cooling and Buildings ; 7th - 10th October 2008, Lisbon, Portugal : key lectures / ISES, International Solar Energy Society. Vol. 1},
  publisher = {Sociedade Portuguesa De Energia Solar (SPES)},
  address   = {Lissabon},
  isbn      = {978-1-61782-228-5},
  pages     = {1242 -- 1250},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{MelissSpaete1993,
  author    = {Meliß, Michael and Sp{\"a}te, F.},
  title     = {The "Summerschool Renewable Energies" at the Fachhochschule Aachen, Abteilung J{\"u}lich/Germany},
  series = {Harmony with nature : proceedings / ISES Solar World Congress, Budapest 1993. International Solar Energy Society, Hungarian Section (H-ISES); Hungarian Solar Energy Society (HSES). Vol. 1: Energy policy, environment and education},
  booktitle = {Harmony with nature : proceedings / ISES Solar World Congress, Budapest 1993. International Solar Energy Society, Hungarian Section (H-ISES); Hungarian Solar Energy Society (HSES). Vol. 1: Energy policy, environment and education},
  publisher = {Hungarian Energy Society},
  address   = {Budapest},
  pages     = {371 -- 376},
  year      = {1993},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{HahneHerrmannRheinlaender1997,
  author    = {Hahne, E. and Herrmann, Ulf and Rheinl{\"a}nder, J.},
  title     = {The Effect of Tilt on Flow Pattern of Water/Steam Flow Through Heated Tubes},
  series = {Experimental heat transfer, fluid mechanics and thermodynamics 1997 : proceedings of the 4th World Conference on Experimental Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Brussels, June 2 - 6, 1997. - Vol. 2},
  booktitle = {Experimental heat transfer, fluid mechanics and thermodynamics 1997 : proceedings of the 4th World Conference on Experimental Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Brussels, June 2 - 6, 1997. - Vol. 2},
  editor    = {Girot, Michel},
  publisher = {Ed. ETS},
  address   = {Pisa},
  isbn      = {88-467-0014-7},
  pages     = {925 -- 934},
  year      = {1997},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HerrmannLippke1999,
  author    = {Herrmann, Ulf and Lippke, F.},
  title     = {The influence of transients on the design of DSG solar fields},
  series = {Journal de Physique IV : proceedings},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Journal de Physique IV : proceedings},
  number    = {PR3},
  isbn      = {2-86883-402-7},
  issn      = {1764-7177 (Online)},
  doi       = {10.1051/jp4:1999377},
  pages     = {489 -- 494},
  year      = {1999},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MelissSpaete2000,
  author    = {Meliß, Michael and Sp{\"a}te, Frank},
  title     = {The solar heating system with seasonal storage at the Solar-Campus J{\"u}lich},
  series = {Solar energy. Vol. 69 (2000), iss. 6},
  journal   = {Solar energy. Vol. 69 (2000), iss. 6},
  issn      = {0038-092X},
  pages     = {525 -- 533},
  year      = {2000},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HenneckeSchwarzboezlHoffschmidtetal.2007,
  author    = {Hennecke, Klaus and Schwarzb{\"o}zl, Peter and Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and G{\"o}ttsche, Joachim and Koll, G. and Beuter, M. and Hartz, T.},
  title     = {The solar power tower J{\"u}lich - a solar thermal power plant for test and demonstration of air receiver},
  series = {Solar energy and human settlement : Elektronische Ressource : proceedings of ISES world congress 2007 ; (Vol. I - Vol. V) / [ISES Solar World Congress. ISES, International Solar Energy Society]. D. Yogi Goswami ; Yuwen Zhao},
  journal   = {Solar energy and human settlement : Elektronische Ressource : proceedings of ISES world congress 2007 ; (Vol. I - Vol. V) / [ISES Solar World Congress. ISES, International Solar Energy Society]. D. Yogi Goswami ; Yuwen Zhao},
  publisher = {Tsinghua Univ. Press},
  address   = {Beijing},
  isbn      = {978-7-302-16146-2},
  pages     = {1749 -- 1753},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KollSchwarzboezlHenneckeetal.2009,
  author    = {Koll, Gerrit and Schwarzb{\"o}zl, Peter and Hennecke, Klaus and Hartz, Thomas and Schmitz, Mark and Hoffschmidt, Bernhard},
  title     = {The Solar Tower J{\"u}lich - a research and demonstration plant for central receiver systems},
  series = {SolarPACES 2009 : electricity, fuels and clean water powered by the sun ; 15 - 18 September 2009, Berlin, Germany ; the 15th SolarPACES conference ; proceedings},
  booktitle = {SolarPACES 2009 : electricity, fuels and clean water powered by the sun ; 15 - 18 September 2009, Berlin, Germany ; the 15th SolarPACES conference ; proceedings},
  publisher = {Deutsches Zentrum f. Luft- u. Raumfahrt},
  address   = {Stuttgart},
  isbn      = {9783000287558},
  pages     = {1 CD-ROM},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{SchwarzboezlPompKolletal.2010,
  author    = {Schwarzb{\"o}zl, Peter and Pomp, Stefan and Koll, Gerrit and Hennecke, Klaus and Hartz, Thomas and Schmitz, Mark and Hoffschmidt, Bernhard},
  title     = {The solar tower J{\"u}lich - first operational experiences and test results},
  series = {SolarPACES 2010 : the CSP Conference: electricity, fuels and clean water from concentrated solar energy ; 21 to 24 September 2010, Perpignan, France},
  booktitle = {SolarPACES 2010 : the CSP Conference: electricity, fuels and clean water from concentrated solar energy ; 21 to 24 September 2010, Perpignan, France},
  publisher = {Soc. OSC},
  address   = {Saint Maur},
  pages     = {8 -- 9},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{MelissSpaeteLange1999,
  author    = {Meliß, Michael and Sp{\"a}te, Frank and Lange, Harald},
  title     = {The Solar-Campus J{\"u}lich - an interdisciplinary project},
  series = {Building a new century. 5th Conference on Solar Architecture and Design, Bonn, 27th of May 1998. Ed. by Eurosolar e.V. Ed. by Irm Pontenagel.},
  booktitle = {Building a new century. 5th Conference on Solar Architecture and Design, Bonn, 27th of May 1998. Ed. by Eurosolar e.V. Ed. by Irm Pontenagel.},
  publisher = {Eurosolar-Verl.},
  address   = {Bonn},
  isbn      = {3-933745-03-9},
  pages     = {382 -- 387},
  year      = {1999},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{HirschAbelBohnetal.2009,
  author    = {Hirsch, Tobias and Abel, Dirk and Bohn, Dieter and Diehl, Moritz and Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Pitz-Paal, Robert},
  title     = {The Virtual Institute for Central Receiver Power Plants - vICERP},
  series = {SolarPACES 2009 : electricity, fuels and clean water powered by the sun ; 15 - 18 September 2009, Berlin, Germany ; the 15th SolarPACES conference ; proceedings},
  booktitle = {SolarPACES 2009 : electricity, fuels and clean water powered by the sun ; 15 - 18 September 2009, Berlin, Germany ; the 15th SolarPACES conference ; proceedings},
  publisher = {Deutsches Zentrum f. Luft- u. Raumfahrt},
  address   = {Stuttgart},
  isbn      = {9783000287558},
  pages     = {1 CD-ROM},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{AchenbachBoschBreitbachetal.2013,
  author    = {Achenbach, Timm and Bosch, Timo and Breitbach, Gerd and G{\"o}ttsche, Joachim and Sauerborn, Markus},
  title     = {Theoretical and experimental investigations regarding open volumetric receivers of CRS},
  series = {Energy procedia : proceedings of the SolarPACES 2013 International Conference},
  volume    = {Vol. 49},
  booktitle = {Energy procedia : proceedings of the SolarPACES 2013 International Conference},
  issn      = {1876-6102},
  pages     = {1259 -- 1268},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{HerrmannWorringerGraeteretal.2006,
  author    = {Herrmann, Ulf and Worringer, S. and Graeter, F. and Nava, P.},
  title     = {Three Years of Operation Experience of the SKAL-ET Collector Loop at SEGS V},
  series = {13th International Symposium Concentrated Solar Power and Chemical Energy Technologies, June 20 - 23, 2006, Seville, Spain},
  booktitle = {13th International Symposium Concentrated Solar Power and Chemical Energy Technologies, June 20 - 23, 2006, Seville, Spain},
  editor    = {Romero, Manuel},
  publisher = {SolarPACES [u.a.]},
  address   = {[s.l.]},
  isbn      = {84-7834-519-1},
  pages     = {1 CD-ROM},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{BlankeSchmidtGoettscheetal.2022,
  author    = {Blanke, Tobias and Schmidt, Katharina S. and G{\"o}ttsche, Joachim and D{\"o}ring, Bernd and Frisch, J{\´e}r{\^o}me and van Treeck, Christoph},
  title     = {Time series aggregation for energy system design: review and extension of modelling seasonal storages},
  series = {Energy Informatics},
  volume    = {5},
  booktitle = {Energy Informatics},
  number    = {1, Article number: 17},
  editor    = {Weidlich, Anke and Neumann, Dirk and Gust, Gunther and Staudt, Philipp and Sch{\"a}fer, Mirko},
  publisher = {Springer Nature},
  issn      = {2520-8942},
  doi       = {10.1186/s42162-022-00208-5},
  pages     = {1 -- 14},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Using optimization to design a renewable energy system has become a computationally demanding task as the high temporal fluctuations of demand and supply arise within the considered time series. The aggregation of typical operation periods has become a popular method to reduce effort. These operation periods are modelled independently and cannot interact in most cases. Consequently, seasonal storage is not reproducible. This inability can lead to a significant error, especially for energy systems with a high share of fluctuating renewable energy. The previous paper, "Time series aggregation for energy system design: Modeling seasonal storage", has developed a seasonal storage model to address this issue. Simultaneously, the paper "Optimal design of multi-energy systems with seasonal storage" has developed a different approach. This paper aims to review these models and extend the first model. The extension is a mathematical reformulation to decrease the number of variables and constraints. Furthermore, it aims to reduce the calculation time while achieving the same results.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{LuepfertHerrmannPriceetal.2004,
  author    = {L{\"u}pfert, E. and Herrmann, Ulf and Price, Henry and Zarza, E. and Kistener, R.},
  title     = {Towards Standard Performance Analysis for Parabolic Trough Collector Fields},
  series = {12th International Symposium Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, October 6-8, 2004, Oaxaca Mexico ; SolarPACES International Symposium, 12},
  booktitle = {12th International Symposium Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, October 6-8, 2004, Oaxaca Mexico ; SolarPACES International Symposium, 12},
  editor    = {Ramos, C.},
  publisher = {Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas},
  address   = {[s.l.]},
  isbn      = {968-6114-18-1},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RauAlexopoulosBreitbachetal.2014,
  author    = {Rau, Christoph and Alexopoulos, Spiros and Breitbach, Gerd and Hoffschmidt, Bernhard and Latzke, Markus and Sattler, Johannes, Christoph},
  title     = {Transient simulation of a solar-hybrid tower power plant with open volumetric receiver at the location Barstow},
  series = {Energy procedia : proceedings of the SolarPACES 2013 International Conference},
  volume    = {49},
  journal   = {Energy procedia : proceedings of the SolarPACES 2013 International Conference},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1876-6102},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.egypro.2014.03.157},
  pages     = {1481 -- 1490},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {In this work the transient simulations of four hybrid solar tower power plant concepts with open-volumetric receiver technology for a location in Barstow-Daggett, USA, are presented. The open-volumetric receiver uses ambient air as heat transfer fluid and the hybridization is realized with a gas turbine. The Rankine cycle is heated by solar-heated air and/or by the gas turbine's flue gases. The plant can be operated in solar-only, hybrid parallel or combined cycle-only mode as well as in any intermediate load levels where the solar portion can vary between 0 to 100\%. The simulated plant is based on the configuration of a solar-hybrid power tower project, which is in planning for a site in Northern Algeria. The meteorological data for Barstow-Daggett was taken from the software meteonorm. The solar power tower simulation tool has been developed in the simulation environment MATLAB/Simulink and is validated.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Meliss1990,
  author    = {Meliß, Michael},
  title     = {Trends und Schwerpunkte bei der Entwicklung regenerativer Energietr{\"a}ger},
  series = {Technische Perspektiven und gesellschaftliche Entwicklungen : Trends und Schwerpunkte der Forschung in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland / Ulrich Widmaier; Thomas K{\"o}nig (Hrsg.). - (Studien zur gesellschaftlichen Entwicklung ; 1)},
  booktitle = {Technische Perspektiven und gesellschaftliche Entwicklungen : Trends und Schwerpunkte der Forschung in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland / Ulrich Widmaier; Thomas K{\"o}nig (Hrsg.). - (Studien zur gesellschaftlichen Entwicklung ; 1)},
  publisher = {Nomos-Verl.-Ges.},
  address   = {Baden-Baden},
  isbn      = {3-7890-1891-0},
  pages     = {279 -- 306},
  year      = {1990},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{DerschGeyerHerrmannetal.2002,
  author    = {Dersch, J{\"u}rgen and Geyer, Michael and Herrmann, Ulf and Jones, Scott A. and Kelly, Bruce and Kistner, Rainer and Ortmanns, Winfried and Pitz-Paal, Robert and Price, Henry},
  title     = {Trough integration into power plants : a study on the performance and economy of integrated solar combined cycle systems},
  series = {Proceedings of the 11th SolarPACES International Symposium on Concentrated Solar Power and Chemical Energy Technologies : September 4 - 6, 2002, Zurich, Switzerland / Paul Scherrer Institut, PSI; ETH, Eidgen{\"o}ssische Technische Hochschule Z{\"u}rich},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th SolarPACES International Symposium on Concentrated Solar Power and Chemical Energy Technologies : September 4 - 6, 2002, Zurich, Switzerland / Paul Scherrer Institut, PSI; ETH, Eidgen{\"o}ssische Technische Hochschule Z{\"u}rich},
  editor    = {Steinfeld, Aldo},
  publisher = {Paul Scherrer Inst.},
  address   = {Villingen},
  isbn      = {3-9521409-3-7},
  pages     = {661 -- 671},
  year      = {2002},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DerschGeyerHerrmannetal.2004,
  author    = {Dersch, J{\"u}rgen and Geyer, Michael and Herrmann, Ulf and Jones, Scott A. and Kelly, Bruce and Kistner, Rainer and Ortmanns, Winfried and Pitz-Paal, Robert and Price, Henry},
  title     = {Trough integration into power plants—a study on the performance and economy of integrated solar combined cycle systems},
  series = {Energy : the international journal},
  volume    = {29},
  journal   = {Energy : the international journal},
  number    = {5-6 (Special Issue SolarPaces)},
  issn      = {0360-5442},
  doi       = {10.1016/S0360-5442(03)00199-3},
  pages     = {947 -- 959},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HerrmannKellyPrice2002,
  author    = {Herrmann, Ulf and Kelly, Bruce and Price, Henry},
  title     = {Two Tank Molten Salt Storage for Parabolic Trough Solar Power Plants},
  series = {Energy : the international journal},
  volume    = {29},
  journal   = {Energy : the international journal},
  number    = {5-6 (Special Issue SolarPaces)},
  issn      = {0360-5442},
  doi       = {10.1016/S0360-5442(03)00193-2},
  pages     = {883 -- 893},
  year      = {2002},
  language  = {en}
}