@article{ScheerRossKapelyukhetal.2010, author = {Scheer, Nico and Ross, Jillian and Kapelyukh, Yury and Rode, Anja and Wolf, C. Roland}, title = {In vivo responses of the human and murine pregnane X receptor to dexamethasone in mice}, series = {Drug Metabolism and Disposition}, volume = {38}, journal = {Drug Metabolism and Disposition}, number = {7}, publisher = {ASPET}, address = {Bethesda}, issn = {1521-009X}, doi = {10.1124/dmd.109.031872}, pages = {1046 -- 1053}, year = {2010}, abstract = {Dexamethasone (DEX) is a potent and widely used anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant glucocorticoid. It can bind and activate the pregnane X receptor (PXR), which plays a critical role as xenobiotic sensor in mammals to induce the expression of many enzymes, including cytochromes P450 in the CYP3A family. This induction results in its own metabolism. We have used a series of transgenic mouse lines, including a novel, improved humanized PXR line, to compare the induction profile of PXR-regulated drug-metabolizing enzymes after DEX administration, as well as looking at hepatic responses to rifampicin (RIF). The new humanized PXR model has uncovered further intriguing differences between the human and mouse receptors in that RIF only induced Cyp2b10 in the new humanized model. DEX was found to be a much more potent inducer of Cyp3a proteins in wild-type mice than in mice humanized for PXR. To assess whether PXR is involved in the detoxification of DEX in the liver, we analyzed the consequences of high doses of the glucocorticoid on hepatotoxicity on different PXR genetic backgrounds. We also studied these effects in an additional mouse model in which functional mouse Cyp3a genes have been deleted. These strains exhibited different sensitivities to DEX, indicating a protective role of the PXR and CYP3A proteins against the hepatotoxicity of this compound.}, language = {en} } @article{PaulssenSchweighoeferAbram2010, author = {Paulßen, Elisabeth and Schweigh{\"o}fer, Philip V. and Abram, Ulrich}, title = {Reactions of [ReOX3(PPh3)2] Complexes (X = Cl, Br) with Phenylacetylene and the Structures of the Products}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r anorganische und allgemeine Chemie : ZAAC = Journal of inorganic and general chemistry}, volume = {636}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r anorganische und allgemeine Chemie : ZAAC = Journal of inorganic and general chemistry}, number = {5}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1521-3749}, doi = {10.1002/zaac.200900478}, pages = {779 -- 783}, year = {2010}, abstract = {Oxorhenium(V) complexes [ReOX3(PPh3)2] (X = Cl, Br) react with phenylacetylene under formation of complexes with ylide-type ligands. Compounds of the compositions [ReOCl3(PPh3){C(Ph)C(H)(PPh3)}] (1), [ReOBr3(OPPh3){C(Ph)C(H)(PPh3)}] (2), and [ReOBr3(OPPh3){C(H)C(Ph)(PPh3)}] (3) were isolated and characterized by X-ray diffraction. They contain a ligand, which was formed by a nucleophilic attack of released PPh3 at coordinated phenylacetylene. The structures of the products show that there is no preferable position for this attack. Cleavage of the Re-C bond in 3 and dimerization of the organic ligand resulted in the formation of the [{(PPh3)(H)CC(Ph)}2]2+ cation, which crystallized as its [(ReOBr4)(OReO3)]2- salt.}, language = {en} } @article{PaulssenAlbertoAbram2010, author = {Paulßen, Elisabeth and Alberto, Roger and Abram, Ulrich}, title = {Synthesis, Characterization, and Structures of R3EOTcO3 Complexes (E = C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) and Related Compounds}, series = {Inorganic Chemistry}, volume = {49}, journal = {Inorganic Chemistry}, number = {7}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1520-510X}, doi = {10.1021/ic1001094}, pages = {3525 -- 3530}, year = {2010}, abstract = {AgTcO4 reacts with R3ECl compounds (E = C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb; R = Me, iPr, tBu, Ph), tBu2SnCl2, or PhMgCl under formation of novel trioxotechnetium(VII) derivatives. The carbon and silicon derivatives readily undergo decomposition, which was proven by 99Tc NMR spectroscopy and the isolation of decomposition products such as [TcOCl3(THF)(OH2)]. Compounds [Ph3GeOTcO3], [(THF)Ph3SnOTcO3], [(O3TcO)SntBu2(OH)]2, and [(THF)4Mg(OTcO3)2] are more stable and were isolated in crystalline form and characterized by X-ray diffraction.}, language = {en} } @article{BarbazanHagenbachPaulssenetal.2010, author = {Barbaz{\´a}n, Paula and Hagenbach, Adelheid and Paulßen, Elisabeth and Abram, Ulrich and Carballo, Rosa and Rodriguez-Hermida, Sabina and V{\´a}zquez-L{\´o}pez, Ezequiel M.}, title = {Tricarbonyl Rhenium(I) and Technetium(I) Complexes with Hydrazones Derived from 4,5-Diazafluoren-9-one and 1,10-Phenanthroline-5,6-dione}, series = {European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry}, journal = {European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry}, number = {29}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1099-0682}, doi = {10.1002/ejic.201000522}, pages = {4622 -- 4630}, year = {2010}, abstract = {Tricarbonylrhenium(I) and -technetium(I) halide (halide = Cl and Br) complexes of ligands derived from 4,5-diazafluoren-9-one (df) and 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione (phen) derivatives of benzoic and 2-hydroxybenzoic acid hydrazides have been prepared. The complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, MS, IR, 1H NMR and absorption and emission UV/Vis spectroscopic methods. The metal centres (ReI and TcI) are coordinated through the nitrogen imine atoms and establish five-membered chelate rings, whereas the hydrazone groups stand uncoordinated. The 1H NMR spectra suggest the same behaviour in solution on the basis of only marginal variations in the chemical shifts of the hydrazine protons.}, language = {en} } @article{Bernecker2010, author = {Bernecker, Andreas}, title = {A European Private Company: Is Europe's single legal form for SMEs close to approval?}, series = {Research Briefing}, journal = {Research Briefing}, publisher = {Deutsche Bank Research}, address = {Frankfurt a. M.}, issn = {2193-5955}, year = {2010}, abstract = {This Research Briefing, issued in July 2010, concluded that: - Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Europe have long called for a matching legal form valid across the EU (similar to that of the European company (SE) for large firms) - The main benefits would be the availability of uniform Europe-wide company structures, significant cost reductions for businesses and further integration of the internal market - Given the differing national views regarding the concrete features of the new legal form there is currently no sign of an agreement being reached at the European level in the short term; however, it is possible that progress will be made in negotiations during the year - The key issues being discussed in depth are company formation, transnationality and employee participation rights in the new European private company (SPE).}, language = {en} } @article{CzarneckiWinkelmannSpiliopoulou2010, author = {Czarnecki, Christian and Winkelmann, Axel and Spiliopoulou, Myra}, title = {Services in electronic telecommunication markets: a framework for planning the virtualization of processes}, series = {Electronic Markets}, volume = {20}, journal = {Electronic Markets}, number = {3-4}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {1422-8890}, doi = {10.1007/s12525-010-0045-8}, pages = {197 -- 207}, year = {2010}, abstract = {The potential of electronic markets in enabling innovative product bundles through flexible and sustainable partnerships is not yet fully exploited in the telecommunication industry. One reason is that bundling requires seamless de-assembling and re-assembling of business processes, whilst processes in telecommunication companies are often product-dependent and hard to virtualize. We propose a framework for the planning of the virtualization of processes, intended to assist the decision maker in prioritizing the processes to be virtualized: (a) we transfer the virtualization pre-requisites stated by the Process Virtualization Theory in the context of customer-oriented processes in the telecommunication industry and assess their importance in this context, (b) we derive IT-oriented requirements for the removal of virtualization barriers and highlight their demand on changes at different levels of the organization. We present a first evaluation of our approach in a case study and report on lessons learned and further steps to be performed.}, language = {en} } @article{OrzadaMaderwaldPoseretal.2010, author = {Orzada, Stephan and Maderwald, Stefan and Poser, Benedikt Andreas and Bitz, Andreas and Quick, Harald H. and Ladd, Mark E.}, title = {RF excitation using time interleaved acquisition of modes (TIAMO) to address B1 inhomogeneity in high-field MRI}, series = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine}, volume = {64}, journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine}, number = {2}, publisher = {Wiley-Liss}, address = {New York}, issn = {1522-2594}, doi = {10.1002/mrm.22527}, pages = {327 -- 333}, year = {2010}, abstract = {As the field strength and, therefore, the operational frequency in MRI is increased, the wavelength approaches the size of the human head/body, resulting in wave effects, which cause signal decreases and dropouts. Several multichannel approaches have been proposed to try to tackle these problems, including RF shimming, where each element in an array is driven by its own amplifier and modulated with a certain (constant) amplitude and phase relative to the other elements, and Transmit SENSE, where spatially tailored RF pulses are used. In this article, a relatively inexpensive and easy to use imaging scheme for 7 Tesla imaging is proposed to mitigate signal voids due to B1 field inhomogeneity. Two time-interleaved images are acquired using a different excitation mode for each. By forming virtual receive elements, both images are reconstructed together using GRAPPA to achieve a more homogeneous image, with only small SNR and SAR penalty in head and body imaging at 7 Tesla.}, language = {en} } @article{KraffBitzDammannetal.2010, author = {Kraff, Oliver and Bitz, Andreas and Dammann, Philipp and Ladd, Susanne C. and Ladd, Mark E. and Quick, Harald H.}, title = {An eight-channel transmit/receive multipurpose coil for musculoskeletal MR imaging at 7 T}, series = {Medical Physics}, volume = {37}, journal = {Medical Physics}, number = {12}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken, NJ}, issn = {2473-4209}, doi = {10.1118/1.3517176}, pages = {6368 -- 6376}, year = {2010}, abstract = {Purpose: MRI plays a leading diagnostic role in assessing the musculoskeletal (MSK) system and is well established for most questions at clinically used field strengths (up to 3 T). However, there are still limitations in imaging early stages of cartilage degeneration, very fine tendons and ligaments, or in locating nerve lesions, for example. 7 T MRI of the knee has already received increasing attention in the current published literature, but there is a strong need to develop new radiofrequency (RF) coils to assess more regions of the MSK system. In this work, an eight-channel transmit/receive RF array was built as a multipurpose coil for imaging some of the thus far neglected regions. An extensive coil characterization protocol and first in vivo results of the human wrist, shoulder, elbow, knee, and ankle imaged at 7 T will be presented. Methods: Eight surface loop coils with a dimension ofurn:x-wiley:00942405:media:mp7176:mp7176-math-0001 were machined from FR4 circuit board material. To facilitate easy positioning, two coil clusters, each with four loop elements, were combined to one RF transmit/receive array. An overlapped and shifted arrangement of the coil elements was chosen to reduce the mutual inductance between neighboring coils. A phantom made of body-simulating liquid was used for tuning and matching on the bench. Afterward, the S-parameters were verified on a human wrist, elbow, and shoulder. For safety validation, a detailed compliance test was performed including full wave simulations of the RF field distribution and the corresponding specific absorption rate (SAR) for all joints. In vivo images of four volunteers were assessed with gradient echo and spin echo sequences modified to obtain optimal image contrast, full anatomic coverage, and the highest spatial resolution within a reasonable acquisition time. The performance of the RF coil was additionally evaluated by in vivo B1 mapping. Results: A comparison of B1 per unit power, flip angle distribution, and anatomic images showed a fairly homogeneous excitation for the smaller joints (elbow, wrist, and ankle), while for the larger joints, the shoulder and especially the knee, B1 inhomogeneities and limited penetration depth were more pronounced. However, the greater part of the shoulder joint could be imaged.In vivo images rendered very fine anatomic details such as fascicles of the median nerve and the branching of the nerve bundles. High-resolution images of cartilage, labrum, and tendons could be acquired. Additionally, turbo spin echo (TSE) and inversion recovery sequences performed very well. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the concept of two four-channel transmit/receive RF arrays can be used as a multipurpose coil for high-resolutionin vivo MR imaging of the musculoskeletal system at 7 T. Not only gradient echo but also typical clinical and SAR-intensive sequences such as STIR and TSE performed well. Imaging of small structures and peripheral nerves could in particular benefit from this technique.}, language = {en} } @article{SchlamannVoigtMaderwaldetal.2010, author = {Schlamann, Marc and Voigt, Melanie A. and Maderwald, Stefan and Bitz, Andreas and Kraff, Oliver and Ladd, Susanne C. and Ladd, Mark E. and Forsting, Michael and Wilhelm, Hans}, title = {Exposure to high-field MRI does not affect cognitive function}, series = {Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging}, volume = {31}, journal = {Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging}, number = {5}, publisher = {Wiley-Liss}, address = {New York}, issn = {1522-2586}, doi = {10.1002/jmri.22065}, pages = {1061 -- 1066}, year = {2010}, abstract = {Purpose To assess potential cognitive deficits under the influence of static magnetic fields at various field strengths some studies already exist. These studies were not focused on attention as the most vulnerable cognitive function. Additionally, mostly no magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences were performed. Materials and Methods In all, 25 right-handed men were enrolled in this study. All subjects underwent one MRI examination of 63 minutes at 1.5 T and one at 7 T within an interval of 10 to 30 days. The order of the examinations was randomized. Subjects were referred to six standardized neuropsychological tests strictly focused on attention immediately before and after each MRI examination. Differences in neuropsychological variables between the timepoints before and after each MRI examination were assessed and P-values were calculated Results Only six subtests revealed significant differences between pre- and post-MRI. In these tests the subjects achieved better results in post-MRI testing than in pre-MRI testing (P = 0.013-0.032). The other tests revealed no significant results. Conclusion The improvement in post-MRI testing is only explicable as a result of learning effects. MRI examinations, even in ultrahigh-field scanners, do not seem to have any persisting influence on the attention networks of human cognition immediately after exposure.}, language = {en} } @article{SchlamannYoonMaderwaldetal.2010, author = {Schlamann, Marc and Yoon, Min-Suk and Maderwald, Stefan and Pietrzyk, Thomas and Bitz, Andreas and Gerwig, Marcus and Forsting, Michael and Ladd, Susanne C. and Ladd, Mark E. and Kastrup, Oliver}, title = {Short term effects of magnetic resonance imaging on excitability of the motor cortex at 1.5T and 7T}, series = {Academic Radiology}, volume = {17}, journal = {Academic Radiology}, number = {3}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1076-6332}, doi = {10.1016/j.acra.2009.10.004}, pages = {277 -- 281}, year = {2010}, abstract = {Rationale and Objectives The increasing spread of high-field and ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners has encouraged new discussion of the safety aspects of MRI. Few studies have been published on possible cognitive effects of MRI examinations. The aim of this study was to examine whether changes are measurable after MRI examinations at 1.5 and 7 T by means of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Materials and Methods TMS was performed in 12 healthy, right-handed male volunteers. First the individual motor threshold was specified, and then the cortical silent period (SP) was measured. Subsequently, the volunteers were exposed to the 1.5-T MRI scanner for 63 minutes using standard sequences. The MRI examination was immediately followed by another TMS session. Fifteen minutes later, TMS was repeated. Four weeks later, the complete setting was repeated using a 7-T scanner. Control conditions included lying in the 1.5-T scanner for 63 minutes without scanning and lying in a separate room for 63 minutes. TMS was performed in the same way in each case. For statistical analysis, Wilcoxon's rank test was performed. Results Immediately after MRI exposure, the SP was highly significantly prolonged in all 12 subjects at 1.5 and 7 T. The motor threshold was significantly increased. Fifteen minutes after the examination, the measured value tended toward normal again. Control conditions revealed no significant differences. Conclusion MRI examinations lead to a transient and highly significant alteration in cortical excitability. This effect does not seem to depend on the strength of the static magnetic field.}, language = {en} } @article{DegeringEggertPulsetal.2010, author = {Degering, Christian and Eggert, Thorsten and Puls, Michael and Bongaerts, Johannes and Evers, Stefan and Maurer, Karl-Heinz and Jaeger, Karl-Erich}, title = {Optimization of protease secretion in Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis by screening of homologous and herologous signal peptides}, series = {Applied and environmental microbiology}, volume = {76}, journal = {Applied and environmental microbiology}, number = {19}, publisher = {American Society for Microbiology}, address = {Washington, DC}, issn = {1098-5336 (E-Journal); 0003-6919 (Print); 0099-2240 (Print)}, doi = {10.1128/AEM.01146-10}, pages = {6370 -- 6378}, year = {2010}, abstract = {Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis are widely used for the large-scale industrial production of proteins. These strains can efficiently secrete proteins into the culture medium using the general secretion (Sec) pathway. A characteristic feature of all secreted proteins is their N-terminal signal peptides, which are recognized by the secretion machinery. Here, we have studied the production of an industrially important secreted protease, namely, subtilisin BPN′ from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. One hundred seventy-three signal peptides originating from B. subtilis and 220 signal peptides from the B. licheniformis type strain were fused to this secretion target and expressed in B. subtilis, and the resulting library was analyzed by high-throughput screening for extracellular proteolytic activity. We have identified a number of signal peptides originating from both organisms which produced significantly increased yield of the secreted protease. Interestingly, we observed that levels of extracellular protease were improved not only in B. subtilis, which was used as the screening host, but also in two different B. licheniformis strains. To date, it is impossible to predict which signal peptide will result in better secretion and thus an improved yield of a given extracellular target protein. Our data show that screening a library consisting of homologous and heterologous signal peptides fused to a target protein can identify more-effective signal peptides, resulting in improved protein export not only in the original screening host but also in different production strains.}, language = {en} } @article{ZhubanovaAknazarovMansurovetal.2010, author = {Zhubanova, Azhar A. and Aknazarov, S. K. and Mansurov, Zulkhair and Digel, Ilya and Kozhalakova, A. A. and Akimbekov, Nuraly S. and O'Heras, Carlos and Tazhibayeva, S. and Artmann, Gerhard and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l}, title = {Adsorption of bacterial Lipopolysaccharides and blood plasma proteins on modified carbonized materials}, year = {2010}, abstract = {Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (endotoxins) show strong biological effects at very low concentrations in human beings and many animals when entering the blood stream. These include affecting structure and function of organs and cells, changing metabolic functions, raising body temperature, triggering the coagulation cascade, modifying hemodynamics and causing septic shock. Because of this toxicity, the removal of even minute amounts is essential for safe parenteral administration of drugs and also for septic shock patients' care. The absence of a general method for endotoxin removal from liquid interfaces urgently requires finding new methods and materials to overcome this gap. Nanostructured carbonized plant parts is a promising material that showed good adsorption properties due to its vast pore network and high surface area. The aim of this study was comparative measurement of endotoxin- and blood proteins-related adsorption rate and adsorption capacity for different carboneous materials produced at different temperatures and under different surface modifications. As a main surface modificator, positively cbarged polymer, polyethileneimine (PEl) was used. Activated carbon materials showed good adsorption properties for LPS and some proteins used in the experiments. During the batch experiments, several techniques (dust removal, autoclaving) were used and optimized for improving the material's adsorption behavior. Also, with the results obtained it was possible to differentiate the materials according to their adsorption capacity and kinetic characteristics. Modification of the surface apparently has not affected hemoglobin binding to the adsorbent's surface. Obtained adsorption isotherms can be used as a powerful tool for designing of future column-based setups for blood purification from LPS, which is especially important for septic shock treatment.}, subject = {Kohlenstofffaser}, language = {en} } @article{Ferrein2010, author = {Ferrein, Alexander}, title = {golog.lua: Towards a Non-Prolog Implementation of Golog for Embedded Systems}, pages = {20 -- 28}, year = {2010}, language = {en} } @article{Ferrein2010, author = {Ferrein, Alexander}, title = {golog.lua: Towards a Non-Prolog Implementation of Golog for Embedded Systems}, series = {Cognitive Robotics / Lakemeyer, Gerhard (ed.)}, journal = {Cognitive Robotics / Lakemeyer, Gerhard (ed.)}, pages = {1 -- 15}, year = {2010}, language = {en} } @article{AkimbekovZhubanovaMansurovetal.2010, author = {Akimbekov, Nuraly S. and Zhubanova, A. A. and Mansurov, Z. A. and Digel, Ilya and Artmann, Gerhard and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l}, title = {Use of Carbonized Rise Shell for the local treatment of wounds}, series = {Eurasian ChemTech Journal}, volume = {12}, journal = {Eurasian ChemTech Journal}, number = {2}, publisher = {Institute of Combustion Problems}, address = {Almaty}, issn = {2522-4867}, doi = {10.18321/ectj35}, pages = {133 -- 138}, year = {2010}, abstract = {On the model of musculocutaneous wound in rats, the effect of applicative sorption by carbonized rise shell (CRS) on the healing of festering wound was studied. It has been shown, that cytological changes end with rapid scar formation. The use of CRS at the period of severe purulent wound contributes to its favorable course, prevents the development of complications of the animals from sepsis.}, language = {en} } @article{LeimenaArtmannDachwaldetal.2010, author = {Leimena, W. and Artmann, Gerhard and Dachwald, Bernd and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l and Gossmann, Matthias and Digel, Ilya}, title = {Feasibility of an in-situ microbial decontamination of an ice-melting probe}, series = {Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal. 12 (2010), H. 2}, journal = {Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal. 12 (2010), H. 2}, isbn = {1562-3920}, pages = {145 -- 150}, year = {2010}, language = {en} } @article{BaeckerPoghossianAbouzaretal.2010, author = {B{\"a}cker, Matthias and Poghossian, Arshak and Abouzar, Maryam H. and Wenmackers, Sylvia and Janssens, Stoffel D. and Haenen, Ken and Wagner, Patrick and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef}, title = {Capacitive field-effect (bio-)chemical sensors based on nanocrystalline diamond films}, series = {Diamond Electronics and Bioelectronics — Fundamentals to Applications III, edited by P. Bergonzo, [u.a.]}, journal = {Diamond Electronics and Bioelectronics — Fundamentals to Applications III, edited by P. Bergonzo, [u.a.]}, pages = {1 -- 6}, year = {2010}, language = {en} } @article{NiemuellerFerreinBecketal.2010, author = {Niem{\"u}ller, Tim and Ferrein, Alexander and Beck, Daniel and Lakemeyer, Gerhard}, title = {Design Principles of the Component-Based Robot Software Framework Fawkes}, series = {Simulation, Modeling, and Programming for Autonomous Robots}, journal = {Simulation, Modeling, and Programming for Autonomous Robots}, pages = {300 -- 311}, year = {2010}, language = {en} } @article{FerreinSteinbauer2010, author = {Ferrein, Alexander and Steinbauer, Gerald}, title = {On the Way to High-Level Programming for Resource-Limited Embedded Systems with Golog}, series = {Simulation, Modeling, and Programming for Autonomous Robots}, journal = {Simulation, Modeling, and Programming for Autonomous Robots}, pages = {229 -- 240}, year = {2010}, language = {en} } @article{Ferrein2010, author = {Ferrein, Alexander}, title = {Robot controllers for highly dynamic environments with real-time constraints}, series = {K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz : KI. 24 (2010), H. 2}, journal = {K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz : KI. 24 (2010), H. 2}, isbn = {1610-1987}, pages = {175 -- 178}, year = {2010}, language = {en} }