@article{FrohbergAnik1983,
  author    = {Frohberg, Martin G. and Anik, Sabri},
  title     = {The application of a quadi-chemical lattice model to binary metallic solvents containing oxygen in higher concentrations},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Metallkunde},
  volume    = {74},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Metallkunde},
  number    = {10},
  issn      = {0044-3093},
  pages     = {665 -- 666},
  year      = {1983},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FeichtingerEilmannBuchmannetal.2014,
  author    = {Feichtinger, Linda M. and Eilmann, Britta and Buchmann, Nina and Rigling, Andreas},
  title     = {Growth adjustments of conifers to drought and to century-long irrigation},
  series = {Forest Ecology and Management},
  volume    = {2014},
  journal   = {Forest Ecology and Management},
  number    = {334},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1872-7042 (Online)},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.foreco.2014.08.008},
  pages     = {96 -- 105},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Our knowledge on tree responses to drought is mainly based on short-term manipulation experiments which do not capture any possible long-term adjustments in this response. Therefore, historical water channels in inner-Alpine dry valleys were used as century-long irrigation experiments to investigate adjustments in tree growth to contrasting water supply. This involved quantifying the tree-ring growth of irrigated and non-irrigated (control) Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Valais (Switzerland), as well as European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) and black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold) in Vinschgau (Italy). Furthermore, the adjustments in radial growth of Scots pine and European larch to an abrupt stop in irrigation were analyzed. Irrigation promoted the radial growth of all tree species investigated compared to the control: (1) directly through increased soil water availability, and (2) indirectly through increased soil nutrients and humus contents in the irrigated plots. Irrigation led to a full elimination of growth responses to climate for European larch and black pine, but not for Scots pine, which might become more sensitive to drought with increasing tree size in Valais. For the control trees, the response of the latewood increment to water availability in July/August has decreased in recent decades for all species, but increased in May for Scots pine only. The sudden irrigation stop caused a drop in radial growth to a lower level for Scots pine or similar level for larch compared to the control for up to ten years. However, both tree species were then able to adjust to the new conditions and subsequently grew with similar (Scots pine) or even higher growth rates (larch) than the control. To estimate the impact of climate change on future forest development, the duration of manipulation experiments should be on longer time scales in order to capture adjustment processes and feedback mechanisms of forest ecosystems.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HengsbachEngelCwienczeketal.2023,
  author    = {Hengsbach, Jan-Niklas and Engel, Mareike and Cwienczek, Marcel and Stiefelmaier, Judith and Tippk{\"o}tter, Nils and Ulber, Roland},
  title     = {Scalable unseparated bioelectrochemical reactors by using a carbon fiber brush as stirrer and working electrode},
  series = {ChemElectroChem},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {ChemElectroChem},
  number    = {21},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {2196-0216},
  doi       = {10.1002/celc.202300440},
  pages     = {9 Seiten},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {The concept of energy conversion into platform chemicals using bioelectrochemical systems (BES) has gained increasing attention in recent years, as the technology simultaneously provides an opportunity for sustainable chemical production and tackles the challenge of Power-to-X technologies. There are many approaches to realize the industrial scale of BES. One concept is to equip standard bioreactors with static electrodes. However, large installations resulted in a negative influence on various reactor parameters. In this study, we present a new single-chamber BES based on a stirred tank reactor in which the stirrer was replaced by a carbon fiber brush, performing the functions of the working electrode and the stirrer. The reactor is characterized in abiotic studies and electro-fermentations with Clostridium acetobutylicum. Compared to standard reactors an increase in butanol production of 20.14±3.66 \% shows that the new BES can be efficiently used for bioelectrochemical processes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BragardvanHoekDeDoncker2012,
  author    = {Bragard, Michael and van Hoek, H. and De Doncker, R. W.},
  title     = {A major design step in IETO concept realization that allows overcurrent protection and pushes limits of switching performance},
  series = {IEEE transactions on power electronics},
  volume    = {27},
  journal   = {IEEE transactions on power electronics},
  number    = {9},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {0885-8993},
  doi       = {10.1109/TPEL.2012.2189136},
  pages     = {4163 -- 4171},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {This paper presents the latest prototype of the integrated emitter turn-off thyristor concept, which potentially ranks among thyristor high-power devices like the gate turn-off thyristor and the integrated gate-commutated thyristor (IGCT). Due to modifications of the external driver stage and mechanical press-pack design optimization, this prototype allows for full device characterization. The turn-off capability was increased to 1600 A with an active silicon area of 823mm2 . This leads to a transient peak power of 672.1kW/cm² . Within this paper, measurements and concept assessment are presented and a comparison to state-of-the-art IGCT devices is provided.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{BragardGottschlichDeDoncker2011,
  author    = {Bragard, Michael and Gottschlich, J. and De Doncker, R. W.},
  title     = {Design and realization of a credit card size driver stage for high power thyristor based devices with integrated MOS structure},
  series = {2011 IEEE 8th International Conference on Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE \& ECCE 2011) : Jeju, South Korea, 30 May 2011 - 3 June 2011 / [co-sponsored by the Korean Institute of Power Electronics ...]},
  booktitle = {2011 IEEE 8th International Conference on Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE \& ECCE 2011) : Jeju, South Korea, 30 May 2011 - 3 June 2011 / [co-sponsored by the Korean Institute of Power Electronics ...]},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {Piscataway, NJ},
  isbn      = {978-1-61284-958-4 (Print)},
  doi       = {10.1109/ICPE.2011.5944661},
  pages     = {1182 -- 1189},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HerrmannKellyPrice2002,
  author    = {Herrmann, Ulf and Kelly, Bruce and Price, Henry},
  title     = {Two Tank Molten Salt Storage for Parabolic Trough Solar Power Plants},
  series = {Energy : the international journal},
  volume    = {29},
  journal   = {Energy : the international journal},
  number    = {5-6 (Special Issue SolarPaces)},
  issn      = {0360-5442},
  doi       = {10.1016/S0360-5442(03)00193-2},
  pages     = {883 -- 893},
  year      = {2002},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Helmig2010,
  author    = {Helmig, Ilka},
  title     = {Nitty - fontnames illustrated},
  series = {Slanted},
  journal   = {Slanted},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {Slanted Publishers},
  address   = {Karlsruhe},
  issn      = {1867-6510},
  pages     = {68 -- 69},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EggertKling2023,
  author    = {Eggert, Mathias and Kling, Rene},
  title     = {How to distribute charging requests of electronic vehicles? A reservation-based approach},
  series = {International Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems Research},
  volume    = {21},
  journal   = {International Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems Research},
  number    = {2023},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin, Heidelberg, New York},
  issn      = {1868-8659},
  doi       = {10.1007/s13177-023-00367-z},
  pages     = {437 -- 460},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {The number of electronic vehicles increase steadily while the space for extending the charging infrastructure is limited. In particular in urban areas, where parking spaces in attractive areas are famous, opportunities to setup new charging stations is very limited. This leads to an overload of some very attractive charging stations and an underutilization of less attractive ones. Against this background, the paper at hand presents the design of an e-vehicle reservation system that aims at distributing the utilization of the charging infrastructure, particularly in urban areas. By applying a design science approach, the requirements for a reservation-based utilization approach are elicited and a model for a suitable distribution approach and its instantiation are developed. The artefact is evaluated by simulating the distribution effects based on data of real charging station utilizations.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HarrisKleefeld2018,
  author    = {Harris, Isaac and Kleefeld, Andreas},
  title     = {The inverse scattering problem for a conductive boundary condition and transmission eigenvalues},
  series = {Applicable Analysis},
  volume    = {99},
  journal   = {Applicable Analysis},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {1563-504X},
  doi       = {10.1080/00036811.2018.1504028},
  pages     = {508 -- 529},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {In this paper, we consider the inverse scattering problem associated with an inhomogeneous media with a conductive boundary. In particular, we are interested in two problems that arise from this inverse problem: the inverse conductivity problem and the corresponding interior transmission eigenvalue problem. The inverse conductivity problem is to recover the conductive boundary parameter from the measured scattering data. We prove that the measured scatted data uniquely determine the conductivity parameter as well as describe a direct algorithm to recover the conductivity. The interior transmission eigenvalue problem is an eigenvalue problem associated with the inverse scattering of such materials. We investigate the convergence of the eigenvalues as the conductivity parameter tends to zero as well as prove existence and discreteness for the case of an absorbing media. Lastly, several numerical and analytical results support the theory and we show that the inside-outside duality method can be used to reconstruct the interior conductive eigenvalues.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{TippkoetterUlber2012,
  author    = {Tippk{\"o}tter, Nils and Ulber, Roland},
  title     = {Rezension zu: Encyclopedia of Industrial Biotechnology, Vol. 1-7. By MC Flickinger.},
  series = {Chemie Ingenieur Technik},
  volume    = {6},
  journal   = {Chemie Ingenieur Technik},
  number    = {84},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {0009-286X},
  doi       = {10.1002/cite.201290052},
  pages     = {936},
  year      = {2012},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{AbelPerezVianaCiritsisetal.2017,
  author    = {Abel, Alexander and P{\´e}rez-Viana, Daniel and Ciritsis, Bernard and Staat, Manfred},
  title     = {Prevention of femur neck fractures through femoroplasty},
  series = {2nd YRA MedTech Symposium 2017 : June 8th - 9th / 2017 / Hochschule Ruhr-West},
  booktitle = {2nd YRA MedTech Symposium 2017 : June 8th - 9th / 2017 / Hochschule Ruhr-West},
  editor    = {Erni, Daniel and Fischerauer, Alice and Himmel, J{\"o}rg and Seeger, Thomas and Thelen, Klaus},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Duisburg-Essen},
  address   = {Duisburg},
  organization    = {MedTech Symposium},
  isbn      = {978-3-9814801-9-1},
  doi       = {10.17185/duepublico/43984},
  pages     = {114 -- 115},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FrauenrathHezelRenzetal.2010,
  author    = {Frauenrath, Tobias and Hezel, Fabian and Renz, Wolfgang and de Geyer d'Orth, Thibaut and Dieringer, Matthias and von Knobelsdorf-Brenkenhoff, Florian and Prothmann, Marcel and Schulz-Menger, Jeanette and Niendorf, Thoralf},
  title     = {Acoustic cardiac triggering: a practical solution for synchronization and gating of cardiovascular magnetic resonance at 7 Tesla},
  series = {Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1532-429X},
  doi       = {10.1186/1532-429X-12-67},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Background To demonstrate the applicability of acoustic cardiac triggering (ACT) for imaging of the heart at ultrahigh magnetic fields (7.0 T) by comparing phonocardiogram, conventional vector electrocardiogram (ECG) and traditional pulse oximetry (POX) triggered 2D CINE acquisitions together with (i) a qualitative image quality analysis, (ii) an assessment of the left ventricular function parameter and (iii) an examination of trigger reliability and trigger detection variance derived from the signal waveforms. Results ECG was susceptible to severe distortions at 7.0 T. POX and ACT provided waveforms free of interferences from electromagnetic fields or from magneto-hydrodynamic effects. Frequent R-wave mis-registration occurred in ECG-triggered acquisitions with a failure rate of up to 30\% resulting in cardiac motion induced artifacts. ACT and POX triggering produced images free of cardiac motion artefacts. ECG showed a severe jitter in the R-wave detection. POX also showed a trigger jitter of approximately Δt = 72 ms which is equivalent to two cardiac phases. ACT showed a jitter of approximately Δt = 5 ms only. ECG waveforms revealed a standard deviation for the cardiac trigger offset larger than that observed for ACT or POX waveforms. Image quality assessment showed that ACT substantially improved image quality as compared to ECG (image quality score at end-diastole: ECG = 1.7 ± 0.5, ACT = 2.4 ± 0.5, p = 0.04) while the comparison between ECG vs. POX gated acquisitions showed no significant differences in image quality (image quality score: ECG = 1.7 ± 0.5, POX = 2.0 ± 0.5, p = 0.34). Conclusions The applicability of acoustic triggering for cardiac CINE imaging at 7.0 T was demonstrated. ACT's trigger reliability and fidelity are superior to that of ECG and POX. ACT promises to be beneficial for cardiovascular magnetic resonance at ultra-high field strengths including 7.0 T.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MartinFrauenrathOezerdemetal.2011,
  author    = {Martin, Conrad and Frauenrath, Tobias and {\"O}zerdem, Celal and Renz, Wolfgang and Niendorf, Thoralf},
  title     = {Development and evaluation of a small and mobile Magneto Alert Sensor (MALSE) to support safety requirements for magnetic resonance imaging},
  series = {European Radiology},
  volume    = {21},
  journal   = {European Radiology},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin, Heidelberg},
  issn      = {1432-1084},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00330-011-2153-z},
  pages     = {2187 -- 2192},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {Objective The purpose of this study is to (i) design a small and mobile Magnetic field ALert SEnsor (MALSE), (ii) to carefully evaluate its sensors to their consistency of activation/deactivation and sensitivity to magnetic fields, and (iii) to demonstrate the applicability of MALSE in 1.5 T, 3.0 T and 7.0 T MR fringe field environments. Methods MALSE comprises a set of reed sensors, which activate in response to their exposure to a magnetic field. The activation/deactivation of reed sensors was examined by moving them in/out of the fringe field generated by 7TMR. Results The consistency with which individual reed sensors would activate at the same field strength was found to be 100\% for the setup used. All of the reed switches investigated required a substantial drop in ambient magnetic field strength before they deactivated. Conclusions MALSE is a simple concept for alerting MRI staff to a ferromagnetic object being brought into fringe magnetic fields which exceeds MALSEs activation magnetic field. MALSE can easily be attached to ferromagnetic objects within the vicinity of a scanner, thus creating a barrier for hazardous situations induced by ferromagnetic parts which should not enter the vicinity of an MR-system to occur.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Gaigall2021,
  author    = {Gaigall, Daniel},
  title     = {Test for Changes in the Modeled Solvency Capital Requirement of an Internal Risk Model},
  series = {ASTIN Bulletin},
  volume    = {51},
  journal   = {ASTIN Bulletin},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Cambridge Univ. Press},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  issn      = {1783-1350},
  doi       = {10.1017/asb.2021.20},
  pages     = {813 -- 837},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {In the context of the Solvency II directive, the operation of an internal risk model is a possible way for risk assessment and for the determination of the solvency capital requirement of an insurance company in the European Union. A Monte Carlo procedure is customary to generate a model output. To be compliant with the directive, validation of the internal risk model is conducted on the basis of the model output. For this purpose, we suggest a new test for checking whether there is a significant change in the modeled solvency capital requirement. Asymptotic properties of the test statistic are investigated and a bootstrap approximation is justified. A simulation study investigates the performance of the test in the finite sample case and confirms the theoretical results. The internal risk model and the application of the test is illustrated in a simplified example. The method has more general usage for inference of a broad class of law-invariant and coherent risk measures on the basis of a paired sample.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DerschGeyerHerrmannetal.2004,
  author    = {Dersch, J{\"u}rgen and Geyer, Michael and Herrmann, Ulf and Jones, Scott A. and Kelly, Bruce and Kistner, Rainer and Ortmanns, Winfried and Pitz-Paal, Robert and Price, Henry},
  title     = {Trough integration into power plants—a study on the performance and economy of integrated solar combined cycle systems},
  series = {Energy : the international journal},
  volume    = {29},
  journal   = {Energy : the international journal},
  number    = {5-6 (Special Issue SolarPaces)},
  issn      = {0360-5442},
  doi       = {10.1016/S0360-5442(03)00199-3},
  pages     = {947 -- 959},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PuppeGiulianoFrantzetal.2018,
  author    = {Puppe, Michael and Giuliano, Stefano and Frantz, Cathy and Uhlig, Ralf and Schumacher, Ralph and Ibraheem, Wagdi and Schmalz, Stefan and Waldmann, Barbara and Guder, Christoph and Peter, Dennis and Schwager, Christian and Teixeira Boura, Cristiano Jos{\´e} and Alexopoulos, Spiros and Spiegel, Michael and Wortmann, J{\"u}rgen and Hinrichs, Matthias and Engelhard, Manfred and Aust, Michael},
  title     = {Techno-economic optimization of molten salt solar tower plants},
  series = {AIP Conference Proceedings art.no. 040033},
  volume    = {2033},
  journal   = {AIP Conference Proceedings art.no. 040033},
  number    = {Issue 1},
  publisher = {AIP Publishing},
  address   = {Melville, NY},
  doi       = {10.1063/1.5067069},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {In this paper the results of a techno-economic analysis of improved and optimized molten salt solar tower plants (MSSTP plants) are presented. The potential improvements that were analyzed include different receiver designs, different designs of the HTF-system and plant control, increased molten salt temperatures (up to 640°C) and multi-tower systems. Detailed technological and economic models of the solar field, solar receiver and high temperature fluid system (HTF-system) were developed and used to find potential improvements compared to a reference plant based on Solar Two technology and up-to-date cost estimations. The annual yield model calculates the annual outputs and the LCOE of all variants. An improved external tubular receiver and improved HTF-system achieves a significant decrease of LCOE compared to the reference. This is caused by lower receiver cost as well as improvements of the HTF-system and plant operation strategy, significantly reducing the plant own consumption. A novel star receiver shows potential for further cost decrease. The cavity receiver concepts result in higher LCOE due to their high investment cost, despite achieving higher efficiencies. Increased molten salt temperatures seem possible with an adapted, closed loop HTF-system and achieve comparable results to the original improved system (with 565°C) under the given boundary conditions. In this analysis all multi tower systems show lower economic viability compared to single tower systems, caused by high additional cost for piping connections and higher cost of the receivers. REFERENCES},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{TippkoetterMoehringRothetal.2019,
  author    = {Tippk{\"o}tter, Nils and M{\"o}hring, Sophie and Roth, Jasmine and Wulfhorst, Helene},
  title     = {Logistics of lignocellulosic feedstocks: preprocessing as a preferable option},
  series = {Biorefineries},
  booktitle = {Biorefineries},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-319-97117-9},
  doi       = {10.1007/10_2017_58},
  pages     = {43 -- 68},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {In comparison to crude oil, biorefinery raw materials are challenging in concerns of transport and storage. The plant raw materials are more voluminous, so that shredding and compacting usually are necessary before transport. These mechanical processes can have a negative influence on the subsequent biotechnological processing and shelf life of the raw materials. Various approaches and their effects on renewable raw materials are shown. In addition, aspects of decentralized pretreatment steps are discussed. Another important aspect of pretreatment is the varying composition of the raw materials depending on the growth conditions. This problem can be solved with advanced on-site spectrometric analysis of the material.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KumaranGopinathanRazalietal.2013,
  author    = {Kumaran, P. and Gopinathan, M. and Razali, N. M. and Kuperjans, Isabel and Hariffin, B. and Hamdan, H.},
  title     = {Preliminary evaluation of atomization characteristics of improved biodiesel for gas turbine application},
  series = {IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (EES)},
  volume    = {16},
  booktitle = {IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (EES)},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Institute of Physics Publishing (IOP)},
  address   = {London [u.a.]},
  issn      = {1755-1315},
  doi       = {10.1088/1755-1315/16/1/012014},
  pages     = {012014/1 -- 012014/4},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{AringhoffGeyerHerrmannetal.2002,
  author    = {Aringhoff, R. and Geyer, Michael and Herrmann, Ulf and Kistner, Rainer and Nava, P. and Osuna, R.},
  title     = {AndaSol : 50MW Solar Plants with 9 Hour Storage for Southern Spain},
  series = {Proceedings of the 11th SolarPACES International Symposium on Concentrated Solar Power and Chemical Energy Technologies : September 4 - 6, 2002, Zurich, Switzerland / Paul Scherrer Institut, PSI; ETH, Eidgen{\"o}ssische Technische Hochschule Z{\"u}rich},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th SolarPACES International Symposium on Concentrated Solar Power and Chemical Energy Technologies : September 4 - 6, 2002, Zurich, Switzerland / Paul Scherrer Institut, PSI; ETH, Eidgen{\"o}ssische Technische Hochschule Z{\"u}rich},
  editor    = {Steinfeld, Aldo},
  publisher = {Paul Scherrer Inst.},
  address   = {Villingen},
  isbn      = {3-9521409-3-7},
  pages     = {37 -- 42},
  year      = {2002},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{BirklDiendorferKernetal.2018,
  author    = {Birkl, Josef and Diendorfer, Gerhard and Kern, Alexander and Thern, Stephan},
  title     = {Extremely high lightning peak currents},
  series = {34th International Conference on Ligntning Protection, 02-07 September 2018},
  booktitle = {34th International Conference on Ligntning Protection, 02-07 September 2018},
  isbn      = {978-1-5386-6635-7},
  pages     = {7 Seiten},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {en}
}