@inproceedings{Platzbecker2009,
  author    = {Platzbecker, Frank},
  title     = {R{\"u}ckbau von drei Indewehren bei Eschweiler/Weisweiler - Renaturierung unter schwierigen Bedingungen},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {Dipl.-Ing. Frank Platzbecker - Ingenieurb{\"u}ro H. Berg \& Partner GmbH, Aachen. 17 Folien (S. 92-108). Beitrag zum 2. Aachener Softwaretag in der Wasserwirtschaft <2, 2009, Aachen>. Praxisbericht zum R{\"u}ckbau von drei Wehren an der Inde in Eschweiler-Weisweiler.},
  subject      = {Renaturierung <{\"O}kologie>},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{KetternBillmaierDrees1999,
  author    = {Kettern, J{\"u}rgen and Billmaier, K. and Drees, K.-T.},
  title     = {Rotte- und Emissionsverhalten von mechanisch-biologisch vorbehandeltem Restm{\"u}ll und Keim- und Staubbelastung im Sortierbereich : Abschlußbericht ; [Abschlußdatum des Vorhabens: 06/1999]},
  organization    = {Forschungsinstitut f{\"u}r Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft an der RWTH-Aachen e.V.},
  year      = {1999},
  abstract  = {Es sollte herausgestellt werden, inwieweit kalte Vorbehandlungsverfahren das Deponierverhalten von mechanisch-biologisch vorbehandeltem Restm{\"u}ll beeinflussen. Das Deponierverhalten von mechanisch-biologisch vorbehandeltem Abfall wurde an Lysimeterversuchen simuliert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß durch die mechanisch-biologische Behandlung des Abfalls eine CSB-Entfrachtung bezogen auf das Wasser-Feststoffverh{\"a}ltnis von ca. 70 \% erfolgt, die kumulierte TOC-Fracht um ca. 50 \% sinkt, die NH4-N-Konzentrationen eine Reduktion von ann{\"a}hernd 80 \% aufweist, die Gasproduktion um ca 80 \% f{\"a}llt. Insgesamt kann mit einer erheblichen Verk{\"u}rzung der Nachsorgephase gerechnet werden. - Neben den Lysimeteruntersuchungen wurden Staub- und Keimemmissionsmessungen im Handsortierbereich der MBRA durchgef{\"u}hrt. Die durchgef{\"u}hrten Keimemissionsmessungen ergaben, daß die dort Besch{\"a}ftigten im Vergleich zu anderen Arbeitsbereichen z.T. signifikant erh{\"o}hten Keimbelastungen ausgesetzt sind. Den gr{\"o}ßten Anteil der im Screening eindeutig bestimmten Bakterien hatten die Enterobakteriaceen, die Streptomyceten sowie Coliformen. Den gr{\"o}ßten Anteil am Pilzspektrum hatte die Gruppe der Penicillien. Die Differenzierung zeigte die Eigung von A. fumigatus als Leitkeim. - Die Staubmessungen erfolgten gleichzeitig mit den Keimemissionsmessungen. Die Analyse der Partikelzahlen in den unterschiedlichen Gr{\"o}ßenklassen zeigt, daß 95 \% der Aerosole einatembar, 90 \% thorakal- und 85 \% alveoleng{\"a}ngig sind. Des weiteren ergab die Korrelation der Partikelklasse > 2 bis < 5 Mikrometer und der Konzentration an luftgetragenen Pilzen eine signifikante {\"U}bereinstimmung. Bei zuk{\"u}nftigen Untersuchungen und routinem{\"a}ßigen Messungen durch die Aufsichtsbeh{\"o}rde oder im Rahmen der arbeitsmedizinischen Vorsorge k{\"o}nnte demnach auf die bew{\"a}hrte Meßgr{\"o}ße "Staubgehalt" zur{\"u}ckgegriffen werden.},
  subject      = {Restabfall},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Paschmann2006,
  author    = {Paschmann, Hans},
  title     = {Robuste Fertigteile aus Glasfaserbeton},
  series = {BFT international : concrete plant + precast technology ; Betonwerk + Fertigteil-Technik . 72 (2006), H. 9},
  journal   = {BFT international : concrete plant + precast technology ; Betonwerk + Fertigteil-Technik . 72 (2006), H. 9},
  isbn      = {0373-4331},
  pages     = {36 -- 43},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{ValeroChansonBung2019,
  author    = {Valero, Daniel and Chanson, Hubert and Bung, Daniel B.},
  title     = {Robust estimators for turbulence properties assessment},
  pages     = {1 -- 24},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ValeroChansonBung2020,
  author    = {Valero, Daniel and Chanson, Hubert and Bung, Daniel B.},
  title     = {Robust estimators for free surface turbulence characterization: A stepped spillway application},
  series = {Flow Measurement and Instrumentation},
  volume    = {76},
  journal   = {Flow Measurement and Instrumentation},
  number    = {Art. 101809},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0955-5986},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2020.101809},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Robust estimators are parameters insensitive to the presence of outliers. However, they presume the shape of the variables' probability density function. This study exemplifies the sensitivity of turbulent quantities to the use of classic and robust estimators and the presence of outliers in turbulent flow depth time series. A wide range of turbulence quantities was analysed based upon a stepped spillway case study, using flow depths sampled with Acoustic Displacement Meters as the flow variable of interest. The studied parameters include: the expected free surface level, the expected fluctuation intensity, the depth skewness, the autocorrelation timescales, the vertical velocity fluctuation intensity, the perturbations celerity and the one-dimensional free surface turbulence spectrum. Three levels of filtering were utilised prior to applying classic and robust estimators, showing that comparable robustness can be obtained either using classic estimators together with an intermediate filtering technique or using robust estimators instead, without any filtering technique.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KirsteinMuellerWaleckiMingersetal.2012,
  author    = {Kirstein, Simon and M{\"u}ller, Karsten and Walecki-Mingers, Mark and Deserno, Thomas M.},
  title     = {Robust adaptive flow line detection in sewer pipes},
  series = {Automation in construction},
  journal   = {Automation in construction},
  number    = {21},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1872-7891 (E-Journal) ; 0926-5805 (Print)},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.autcon.2011.05.009},
  pages     = {24 -- 31},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {As part of a novel approach to automatic sewer inspection, this paper presents a robust algorithm for automatic flow line detection. A large image repository is obtained from about 50,000 m sewers to represent the high variability of real world sewer systems. Automatic image processing combines Canny edge detection, Hough transform for straight lines and cost minimization using Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm. Assuming that flow lines are mostly smoothly connected horizontal structures, piecewise flow line delineation is reduced to a process of selecting adjacent line candidates. Costs are derived from the gap between adjacent candidates and their reliability. A single parameter α enables simple control of the algorithm. The detected flow line may precisely follow the segmented edges (α = 0.0) or minimize gaps at joints (α = 1.0). Both, manual and ground truth-based analysis indicate that α = 0.8 is optimal and independent of the sewer's material. The algorithm forms an essential step to further automation of sewer inspection.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BaltzerRiepeMerz2001,
  author    = {Baltzer, Wolfgang and Riepe, Werner and Merz, Hans},
  title     = {Risikoanalyse zum Transport gef{\"a}hrlicher G{\"u}ter durch Straßentunnel - Abw{\"a}gungsprozesse im Internationalen Vergleich},
  series = {Unterirdisches Bauen 2001 : Wege in die Zukunft ; Vortr{\"a}ge der STUVA-Tagung 2001 in M{\"u}nchen / veranst. von der Studiengesellschaft f{\"u}r Unterirdische Verkehrsanlagen e.V., (STUVA), K{\"o}ln},
  journal   = {Unterirdisches Bauen 2001 : Wege in die Zukunft ; Vortr{\"a}ge der STUVA-Tagung 2001 in M{\"u}nchen / veranst. von der Studiengesellschaft f{\"u}r Unterirdische Verkehrsanlagen e.V., (STUVA), K{\"o}ln},
  publisher = {Bertelsmann},
  address   = {G{\"u}tersloh},
  isbn      = {3-9803390-7-6},
  pages     = {204 -- 211},
  year      = {2001},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Baltzer2006,
  author    = {Baltzer, Wolfgang},
  title     = {Richtlinien f{\"u}r die Ausstattung und den Betrieb von Straßentunneln : RABT / Forschungsgesellschaft f{\"u}r Straßen- und Verkehrswesen, Arbeitsgruppe Verkehrsf{\"u}hrung und Verkehrssicherheit. [Arbeitsgruppe Verkehrsf{\"u}hrung und Verkehrssicherheit, Arbeitsausschuss Ausstattung und Betrieb von Straßentunneln. Leiter: Wolfgang Baltzer]. Ausg. 2006},
  publisher = {FGSV-Verl.},
  address   = {K{\"o}ln},
  isbn      = {3-937356-87-8},
  pages     = {67 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Baltzer2003,
  author    = {Baltzer, Wolfgang},
  title     = {Richtlinien f{\"u}r die Ausstattung und den Betrieb von Straßentunneln : RABT / Forschungsgesellschaft f{\"u}r Straßen- und Verkehrswesen, Arbeitsgruppe Verkehrsf{\"u}hrung und Verkehrssicherheit. [Arbeitsgruppe Verkehrsf{\"u}hrung und Verkehrssicherheit, Arbeitsausschuss Ausstattung und Betrieb von Straßentunneln. Leiter: Wolfgang Baltzer]. Ausg. 2003},
  publisher = {FGSV-Verl.},
  address   = {K{\"o}ln},
  pages     = {61 S.},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{LawsonBaddooVanieretal.2013,
  author    = {Lawson, R.M. and Baddoo, N.R. and Vanier, G. and D{\"o}ring, Bernd and Kuhnhenne, M. and Nieminen, J. and Beguin, P. and Herbin, S. and Caroli, G. and Adetunji, I. and Kozlowski, A.},
  title     = {Renovation of buildings using steel technologies (Robust) - EUR 25335},
  publisher = {Publications Office of the European Union},
  address   = {Luxembourg},
  organization    = {European Commission},
  isbn      = {978-92-79-24950-1},
  issn      = {1831-9424},
  doi       = {10.2777/97860},
  pages     = {134 Seiten},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Robust addresses the renovation and improvement of existing residential, industrial and commercial buildings using steel-based technologies, focusing on techniques such as over-cladding, over-roofing and roof-top extensions. Steel-intensive renovation techniques currently on the market were reviewed. Performance criteria were developed for over-cladding systems meeting current regulatory standards, with guidelines on how to achieve appropriate levels of air-tightness.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Biener1985,
  author    = {Biener, Ernst},
  title     = {Rehabilitation of old gravity dams},
  series = {[Transactions] : proceedings of fifteenth international congress on large dams ; 24 - 28 Juin 1985, Lausanne, Suisse = Quinzieme Congres International des Grands Barrages. - Bd. 4},
  journal   = {[Transactions] : proceedings of fifteenth international congress on large dams ; 24 - 28 Juin 1985, Lausanne, Suisse = Quinzieme Congres International des Grands Barrages. - Bd. 4},
  publisher = {Intern. Commission on Large Dams},
  address   = {Paris},
  pages     = {Q 59, R.2, S. 21 -- 23},
  year      = {1985},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KuckDoering1997,
  author    = {Kuck, Herbert and D{\"o}ring, Bernd},
  title     = {Regenerative Energien in Landesbauten : Land NRW unterst{\"u}tzt Einsatz erneuerbarer Energien 1997 mit 15 Mio. DM},
  series = {Die Bauverwaltung mit Bauamt und Gemeindebau},
  volume    = {Bd. 70},
  journal   = {Die Bauverwaltung mit Bauamt und Gemeindebau},
  number    = {H. 8},
  issn      = {0005-6847},
  pages     = {384 -- 386},
  year      = {1997},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{ValeroBung2018,
  author    = {Valero, Daniel and Bung, Daniel B.},
  title     = {Reformulating self-aeration in hydraulic structures: Turbulent growth of free surface perturbations leading to air entrainment},
  series = {International Journal of Multiphase Flow},
  volume    = {100},
  journal   = {International Journal of Multiphase Flow},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0301-9322},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2017.12.011},
  pages     = {127 -- 142},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {A new formulation for the prediction of free surface dynamics related to the turbulence occurring nearby is proposed. This formulation, altogether with a breakup criterion, can be used to compute the inception of self-aeration in high velocity flows like those occurring in hydraulic structures. Assuming a simple perturbation geometry, a kinematic and a non-linear momentum-based dynamic equation are formulated and forces acting on a control volume are approximated. Limiting steepness is proposed as an adequate breakup criterion. Role of the velocity fluctuations normal to the free surface is shown to be the main turbulence quantity related to self-aeration and the role of the scales contained in the turbulence spectrum are depicted. Surface tension force is integrated accounting for large displacements by using differential geometry for the curvature estimation. Gravity and pressure effects are also contemplated in the proposed formulation. The obtained equations can be numerically integrated for each wavelength, hence resulting in different growth rates and allowing computation of the free surface roughness wavelength distribution. Application to a prototype scale spillway (at the Aviemore dam) revealed that most unstable wavelength was close to the Taylor lengthscale. Amplitude distributions have been also obtained observing different scaling for perturbations stabilized by gravity or surface tension. The proposed theoretical framework represents a new conceptualization of self-aeration which explains the characteristic rough surface at the non-aerated region as well as other previous experimental observations which remained unresolved for several decades.},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{BlassUibel2011,
  author    = {Blaß, Hans Joachim and Uibel, Thomas},
  title     = {Rechnerische Nachweise f{\"u}r das Spaltversagen von Holz in Haupt-Nebentr{\"a}ger-Anschl{\"u}ssen. Teil 2: {\"U}berpr{\"u}fung und Erweiterung des Rechenmodells},
  publisher = {Fraunhofer IRB},
  address   = {Stuttgart},
  isbn      = {978-3-8167-8588-0},
  pages     = {VIII, 164 S. : Ill., zahlr. graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{BlassUibel2011,
  author    = {Blaß, Hans Joachim and Uibel, Thomas},
  title     = {Rechnerische Nachweise f{\"u}r das Spaltversagen von Holz in Haupt-Nebentr{\"a}ger-Anschl{\"u}ssen. Teil 1: Entwicklung eines Rechenmodells},
  publisher = {Fraunhofer IRB},
  address   = {Stuttgart},
  isbn      = {978-3-8167-8586-6},
  pages     = {VIII, 180 S. : Ill., zahlr. graph. Darst.},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{DemnyHebel2014,
  author    = {Demny, Andreas and Hebel, Christoph},
  title     = {Rechnergest{\"u}tzte Ermittlung der Verbindungsfunktionsstufen und der verbindungsbezogenen Angebotsqualit{\"a}t nach den Richtlinien f{\"u}r integrierte Netzgestaltung nach RIN 2008},
  series = {Straßenverkehrstechnik : Organ der Forschungsgesellschaft f{\"u}r Straßen- und Verkehrswesen, der Bundesvereinigung der Straßenbau- und Verkehrsingenieure und der {\"O}sterreichischen Forschungsgesellschaft Straße und Verkehr ; Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Verkehrsplanung, Verkehrsmanagement, Verkehrssicherheit, Verkehrstechnik},
  volume    = {Jg. 58},
  journal   = {Straßenverkehrstechnik : Organ der Forschungsgesellschaft f{\"u}r Straßen- und Verkehrswesen, der Bundesvereinigung der Straßenbau- und Verkehrsingenieure und der {\"O}sterreichischen Forschungsgesellschaft Straße und Verkehr ; Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Verkehrsplanung, Verkehrsmanagement, Verkehrssicherheit, Verkehrstechnik},
  number    = {H. 12},
  publisher = {Kirschbaum Verlag},
  address   = {Bonn},
  issn      = {0039-2219},
  pages     = {811 -- 820},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BungValero2018,
  author    = {Bung, Daniel B. and Valero, Daniel},
  title     = {Re-aeration on stepped spillways with special consideration of entrained and entrapped air},
  series = {Geosciences},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Geosciences},
  number    = {9},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2076-3263},
  pages     = {Article number 333},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {As with most high-velocity free-surface flows, stepped spillway flows become self-aerated when the drop height exceeds a critical value. Due to the step-induced macro-roughness, the flow field becomes more turbulent than on a similar smooth-invert chute. For this reason, cascades are oftentimes used as re-aeration structures in wastewater treatment. However, for stepped spillways as flood release structures downstream of deoxygenated reservoirs, gas transfer is also of crucial significance to meet ecological requirements. Prediction of mass transfer velocities becomes challenging, as the flow regime differs from typical previously studied flow conditions. In this paper, detailed air-water flow measurements are conducted on stepped spillway models with different geometry, with the aim to estimate the specific air-water interface. Re-aeration performances are determined by applying the absorption method. In contrast to earlier studies, the aerated water body is considered a continuous mixture up to a level where 75\% air concentration is reached. Above this level, a homogenous surface wave field is considered, which is found to significantly affect the total air-water interface available for mass transfer. Geometrical characteristics of these surface waves are obtained from high-speed camera investigations. The results show that both the mean air concentration and the mean flow velocity have influence on the mass transfer. Finally, an empirical relationship for the mass transfer on stepped spillway models is proposed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Baltzer2005,
  author    = {Baltzer, Wolfgang},
  title     = {RABT 2010? - Perspektiven f{\"u}r die Sicherheit in Strassentunneln},
  series = {Straßenverkehrstechnik. 49 (2005), H. 3},
  journal   = {Straßenverkehrstechnik. 49 (2005), H. 3},
  isbn      = {0039-2219},
  pages     = {113 -- 119},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{GrossBerger2005,
  author    = {Groß, Rolf Fritz and Berger, J.},
  title     = {Quo Vadis - Ausblick in die Geb{\"a}udeleittechnik der Zukunft},
  series = {HLH. Heizung, L{\"u}ftung/Klima, Haustechnik},
  volume    = {56},
  journal   = {HLH. Heizung, L{\"u}ftung/Klima, Haustechnik},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {D{\"u}sseldorf},
  issn      = {1436-5103},
  pages     = {39 -- 41},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Auf dem Weg zum vernetzten Haus stoßen Hersteller und Planer, insbesondere im privaten Wohnungsbau, zur Zeit noch auf erhebliche Widerst{\"a}nde bei der Durchdringung des Marktes.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BaltzerMayer2003,
  author    = {Baltzer, Wolfgang and Mayer, Georg},
  title     = {Quantitative Sicherheitsbewertung und optimierte Fluchtwegkennzeichnung f{\"u}r Brandunf{\"a}lle in Strassentunneln},
  series = {Tunnel - Lebensadern der mobilen Gesellschaft : Vortr{\"a}ge der STUVA-Tagung 2003 in Dortmund / veranst. von der Studiengesellschaft f{\"u}r Unterirdische Verkehrsanlagen e.V.},
  journal   = {Tunnel - Lebensadern der mobilen Gesellschaft : Vortr{\"a}ge der STUVA-Tagung 2003 in Dortmund / veranst. von der Studiengesellschaft f{\"u}r Unterirdische Verkehrsanlagen e.V.},
  publisher = {Bertelsmann},
  address   = {G{\"u}tersloh},
  isbn      = {3-7625-3602-3},
  pages     = {135 -- 141},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {de}
}