@article{BienerSasse1992,
  author    = {Biener, Ernst and Sasse, T.},
  title     = {Nicht die Altlast von morgen - Bautechnische L{\"o}sungen f{\"u}r Deponien},
  series = {Chemische Industrie : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Chemie Umwelt und Wirtschaft. 44=115 (1992), H. 1},
  journal   = {Chemische Industrie : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Chemie Umwelt und Wirtschaft. 44=115 (1992), H. 1},
  isbn      = {0009-2959},
  pages     = {20 -- 22},
  year      = {1992},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BienerSasse1993,
  author    = {Biener, Ernst and Sasse, T.},
  title     = {Quality improvements in the construction of multilayer covers},
  series = {G{\´e}ologie et confinement des d{\´e}chets toxiques : actes du symposium international, 8 - 11 juin 1993 / GEOCONFINE 93, Montpellier, France. R{\´e}d. Marcel Arnould},
  journal   = {G{\´e}ologie et confinement des d{\´e}chets toxiques : actes du symposium international, 8 - 11 juin 1993 / GEOCONFINE 93, Montpellier, France. R{\´e}d. Marcel Arnould},
  publisher = {Balkema},
  address   = {Rotterdam [u.a.]},
  isbn      = {90-5410-330-2},
  pages     = {309 -- 312},
  year      = {1993},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BienerSasse1992,
  author    = {Biener, Ernst and Sasse, T.},
  title     = {Herstellen von Deponieabdichtungen in ung{\"u}nstigen Witterungsperioden},
  series = {Standard-Abdichtungssysteme f{\"u}r Deponiebauwerke : Seminarunterlagen},
  journal   = {Standard-Abdichtungssysteme f{\"u}r Deponiebauwerke : Seminarunterlagen},
  publisher = {Haus der Technik, Essen},
  address   = {Essen},
  pages     = {1 -- 17},
  year      = {1992},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BienerSasse1991,
  author    = {Biener, Ernst and Sasse, T.},
  title     = {Herstellen von Deponieabdichtungen},
  series = {Standard-Abdichtungssysteme f{\"u}r Deponiebauwerke : Seminarunterlagen},
  journal   = {Standard-Abdichtungssysteme f{\"u}r Deponiebauwerke : Seminarunterlagen},
  publisher = {Haus der Technik, Essen},
  address   = {Essen},
  pages     = {1 -- 17},
  year      = {1991},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BienerSasse1994,
  author    = {Biener, Ernst and Sasse, T.},
  title     = {Construction of composite lining systems under unfavourable weather conditions},
  series = {Landfilling of waste: barriers / ed. by T. H. Christensen; R. Cossu; R. Stegmann. - 1. Aufl.},
  journal   = {Landfilling of waste: barriers / ed. by T. H. Christensen; R. Cossu; R. Stegmann. - 1. Aufl.},
  publisher = {Spon},
  address   = {London [u.a.]},
  isbn      = {0419159908},
  pages     = {183 -- 200},
  year      = {1994},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BienerSasse1993,
  author    = {Biener, Ernst and Sasse, T.},
  title     = {Witterungsschutz im Deponiebau},
  series = {Das Baugewerbe : das Magazin f{\"u}r erfolgreiche Bauunternehmer. [73] (1993), H. 6},
  journal   = {Das Baugewerbe : das Magazin f{\"u}r erfolgreiche Bauunternehmer. [73] (1993), H. 6},
  isbn      = {0005-6634},
  pages     = {25 -- 30},
  year      = {1993},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BienerSasse1988,
  author    = {Biener, Ernst and Sasse, T.},
  title     = {Experience with new techniques in slurry cutoff wall construction},
  series = {ISWA 88, proceedings of the 5th International Solid Wastes Conference : September 11 - 16th, 1988, Copenhagen, Denmark / ed. by Lizzi Andersen ... - Vol. 1 : Oral presentations},
  journal   = {ISWA 88, proceedings of the 5th International Solid Wastes Conference : September 11 - 16th, 1988, Copenhagen, Denmark / ed. by Lizzi Andersen ... - Vol. 1 : Oral presentations},
  publisher = {Acad. Press},
  address   = {London [u.a.]},
  isbn      = {0-12-058451-4},
  pages     = {41 -- 46},
  year      = {1988},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BienerSasseArnoldetal.1999,
  author    = {Biener, Ernst and Sasse, T. and Arnold, J. and Woltering, S.},
  title     = {New treatment of harbour sludge in Bremen and Bremerhaven / E. Biener ; T. Sasse ; J. Arnold ; S. Woltering ; N. Binder},
  series = {Characterisation and treatment of sediments : Antwerpen, Belgium, September 15 - 17, 1999 ; [preceded by 12th International Harbour Congress] ; proceedings / CATS 4. Ed.: G. De Schutter. Organized by: Technologisch Instituut, Koninklijke Vlaamse Ingenieursvereniging},
  journal   = {Characterisation and treatment of sediments : Antwerpen, Belgium, September 15 - 17, 1999 ; [preceded by 12th International Harbour Congress] ; proceedings / CATS 4. Ed.: G. De Schutter. Organized by: Technologisch Instituut, Koninklijke Vlaamse Ingenieursvereniging},
  publisher = {Technolog. Inst.},
  address   = {Anvers},
  isbn      = {9076019118},
  pages     = {115 -- 122},
  year      = {1999},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BienerSasseBoekers1999,
  author    = {Biener, Ernst and Sasse, T. and B{\"o}kers, H.},
  title     = {Preliminary or final capping of sanitary landfills? : Technical and economical aspects},
  series = {Sardinia 99 : proceedings / Seventh International Waste Management and Landfill Symposium, [4 - 8 October 1999, S. Margherita di Pula, Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy]. Ed.: Thomas H. Christensen. - Bd. 3 : Barriers, waste mechanics and landfill design},
  journal   = {Sardinia 99 : proceedings / Seventh International Waste Management and Landfill Symposium, [4 - 8 October 1999, S. Margherita di Pula, Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy]. Ed.: Thomas H. Christensen. - Bd. 3 : Barriers, waste mechanics and landfill design},
  publisher = {CISA, Environmental Sanitary Engineering Centre},
  address   = {Cagliari},
  pages     = {287 -- 294},
  year      = {1999},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BienerSasseKonertz1993,
  author    = {Biener, Ernst and Sasse, T. and Konertz, K.},
  title     = {Preparation of mineral sealing materials for landfills by different processing technologies / Sasse, T. ; Biener, E. ; Konertz, K.},
  series = {Sardinia 93 : Fourth International Landfill Symposium "Barrier systems, environmental aspects, upgrading and remediation, siting, monofills, effects of waste pretreatment, landfilling in developing countries" ; 11 - 15 October 1993, S. Margherita di Pula (Cagliari), Sardinia, Italy ; proceedings / coord. by Thomas H. Christensen ... - Bd. 1},
  journal   = {Sardinia 93 : Fourth International Landfill Symposium "Barrier systems, environmental aspects, upgrading and remediation, siting, monofills, effects of waste pretreatment, landfilling in developing countries" ; 11 - 15 October 1993, S. Margherita di Pula (Cagliari), Sardinia, Italy ; proceedings / coord. by Thomas H. Christensen ... - Bd. 1},
  publisher = {CISA, Environmental Sanitary Engineering Centre},
  address   = {Cagliari},
  pages     = {275 -- 283},
  year      = {1993},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BienerSasseWernhoff2003,
  author    = {Biener, Ernst and Sasse, T. and Wernhoff, T.},
  title     = {Using harbour dredged material for combination sealing of the former Bockhorner Weg disposal site in Bremen, Germany},
  series = {Proceedings of the International Harbour Congress. 13 (2003)},
  journal   = {Proceedings of the International Harbour Congress. 13 (2003)},
  pages     = {101 -- 109},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BienerSasse2009,
  author    = {Biener, Ernst and Sasse, Torsten},
  title     = {Deponiebauprojekte gestern, heute und morgen : Ver{\"a}nderungen, Stand und Tendenzen aus der Sicht eines planenden Ingenieurb{\"u}ros / Sasse, Torsten ; Biener, Ernst},
  pages     = {1 -- 13},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BienerSasseWemhof2011,
  author    = {Biener, Ernst and Sasse, Torsten and Wemhof, Thomas},
  title     = {Deponieneubau im Rahmen der Stilllegung - Ein Widerspruch?},
  pages     = {1 -- 14},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BienerSasseWemhoff2010,
  author    = {Biener, Ernst and Sasse, Torsten and Wemhoff, Thomas},
  title     = {Deponie auf Deponie - Technische und genehmigungsrechtliche Aspekte},
  series = {Abschluss und Rekultivierung von Deponien und Altlasten 2010 : Die Umsetzung der neuen Deponieverordnung - praktische Erfahrungen im Vollzug und erste {\"A}nderungsverordnung zur neuen DepV ; Beitr{\"a}ge zum Seminar, [am 13. und 14. Oktober 2010, Karlsruhe] / hrsg. von Thomas Egloffstein ... Im Auftr. der {\"U}berwachungsgemeinschaft},
  journal   = {Abschluss und Rekultivierung von Deponien und Altlasten 2010 : Die Umsetzung der neuen Deponieverordnung - praktische Erfahrungen im Vollzug und erste {\"A}nderungsverordnung zur neuen DepV ; Beitr{\"a}ge zum Seminar, [am 13. und 14. Oktober 2010, Karlsruhe] / hrsg. von Thomas Egloffstein ... Im Auftr. der {\"U}berwachungsgemeinschaft},
  publisher = {ICP-Eigenverlag},
  address   = {Karlsruhe},
  isbn      = {978-3-939662-08-2},
  pages     = {73 -- 84},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BienerSasseWemhoff2011,
  author    = {Biener, Ernst and Sasse, Torsten and Wemhoff, Thomas},
  title     = {Deponie auf Deponie neue Wege bei der Stilllegung von Altdeponien genehmigungstechnische, technische und wirtschaftliche Aspekte},
  series = {Fachtagung Die Sichere Deponie : Sicherung von Deponien und Altlasten mit Kunststoffen ; 24. bis 25. Februar 2011, CCW Congress Centrum W{\"u}rzburg / Leitung: Dieter Jost ...},
  journal   = {Fachtagung Die Sichere Deponie : Sicherung von Deponien und Altlasten mit Kunststoffen ; 24. bis 25. Februar 2011, CCW Congress Centrum W{\"u}rzburg / Leitung: Dieter Jost ...},
  publisher = {SKZ},
  address   = {W{\"u}rzburg},
  pages     = {1 -- 13},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BienerStroh1988,
  author    = {Biener, Ernst and Stroh, D.},
  title     = {Sanierungstechniken f{\"u}r Altlasten},
  series = {Altlasten / Karl J. Thom{\´e}-Kozmiensky (Hrsg.). - Bd. 2},
  journal   = {Altlasten / Karl J. Thom{\´e}-Kozmiensky (Hrsg.). - Bd. 2},
  publisher = {EF-Verl. f{\"u}r Energie- und Umwelttechnik},
  address   = {Berlin},
  pages     = {603 -- 618},
  year      = {1988},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BienerStroh1988,
  author    = {Biener, Ernst and Stroh, D.},
  title     = {Erfahrungen bei der Altlastensanierung-Verfahren und Ausf{\"u}hrungsbeispiele},
  series = {Energiewirtschaftliche Tagesfragen : et ; Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Energiewirtschaft, Recht, Technik und Umwelt. 38 (1988), H. 9},
  journal   = {Energiewirtschaftliche Tagesfragen : et ; Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Energiewirtschaft, Recht, Technik und Umwelt. 38 (1988), H. 9},
  isbn      = {0013-743X},
  pages     = {724 -- 731},
  year      = {1988},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BienerWemhoffBethke1995,
  author    = {Biener, Ernst and Wemhoff, T. and Bethke, H.},
  title     = {Stability and settlement problems based on the example of the Blockland landfill in Bremen},
  series = {Sardinia 95 : Fifth International Landfill Symposium ; (2 - 6 October 1995, S. Margheritadi Pula - Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy) ; proceedings / coord.: Thomas H. Christensen ... - Bd. 2 : Siting, lining, drainage \& landfill mechanics},
  journal   = {Sardinia 95 : Fifth International Landfill Symposium ; (2 - 6 October 1995, S. Margheritadi Pula - Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy) ; proceedings / coord.: Thomas H. Christensen ... - Bd. 2 : Siting, lining, drainage \& landfill mechanics},
  publisher = {CISA, Environmental Sanitary Engineering Centre},
  address   = {Cagliari},
  pages     = {843 -- 853},
  year      = {1995},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BienerWernhoffBoekersetal.2008,
  author    = {Biener, Ernst and Wernhoff, T. and B{\"o}kers, H. and Sasse, T.},
  title     = {Bau und 7-j{\"a}hriger Betrieb eines Dichtungskontrollsystems sowie Durchf{\"u}hrung von Bew{\"a}sserungsmaßnahmen auf der Deponie Wesuwe / Wernhoff, T. ; B{\"o}kers, H. ; Biener, E. ; Sasse, T.},
  series = {Tagungsband / 3. Praxistagung Deponie 2008 : Zwischenlager - Deponien - Nachsorge ; 2. und 3. Dezember 2008 / Wasteconsult International. Matthias K{\"u}hle-Weidemeier (Hrsg.)},
  journal   = {Tagungsband / 3. Praxistagung Deponie 2008 : Zwischenlager - Deponien - Nachsorge ; 2. und 3. Dezember 2008 / Wasteconsult International. Matthias K{\"u}hle-Weidemeier (Hrsg.)},
  publisher = {Cuvillier},
  address   = {G{\"o}ttingen},
  isbn      = {978-3-86727-801-0},
  pages     = {157 -- 174},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BlankeHagenkampDoeringetal.2021,
  author    = {Blanke, Tobias and Hagenkamp, Markus and D{\"o}ring, Bernd and G{\"o}ttsche, Joachim and Reger, Vitali and Kuhnhenne, Markus},
  title     = {Net-exergetic, hydraulic and thermal optimization of coaxial heat exchangers using fixed flow conditions instead of fixed flow rates},
  series = {Geothermal Energy},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Geothermal Energy},
  number    = {Article number: 19},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {2195-9706},
  doi       = {10.1186/s40517-021-00201-3},
  pages     = {23 Seiten},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Previous studies optimized the dimensions of coaxial heat exchangers using constant mass fow rates as a boundary condition. They show a thermal optimal circular ring width of nearly zero. Hydraulically optimal is an inner to outer pipe radius ratio of 0.65 for turbulent and 0.68 for laminar fow types. In contrast, in this study, fow conditions in the circular ring are kept constant (a set of fxed Reynolds numbers) during optimization. This approach ensures fxed fow conditions and prevents inappropriately high or low mass fow rates. The optimization is carried out for three objectives: Maximum energy gain, minimum hydraulic efort and eventually optimum net-exergy balance. The optimization changes the inner pipe radius and mass fow rate but not the Reynolds number of the circular ring. The thermal calculations base on Hellstr{\"o}m's borehole resistance and the hydraulic optimization on individually calculated linear loss of head coefcients. Increasing the inner pipe radius results in decreased hydraulic losses in the inner pipe but increased losses in the circular ring. The net-exergy diference is a key performance indicator and combines thermal and hydraulic calculations. It is the difference between thermal exergy fux and hydraulic efort. The Reynolds number in the circular ring is instead of the mass fow rate constant during all optimizations. The result from a thermal perspective is an optimal width of the circular ring of nearly zero. The hydraulically optimal inner pipe radius is 54\% of the outer pipe radius for laminar fow and 60\% for turbulent fow scenarios. Net-exergetic optimization shows a predominant infuence of hydraulic losses, especially for small temperature gains. The exact result depends on the earth's thermal properties and the fow type. Conclusively, coaxial geothermal probes' design should focus on the hydraulic optimum and take the thermal optimum as a secondary criterion due to the dominating hydraulics.},
  language  = {en}
}