@article{HansenBitzStreckert1999,
  author    = {Hansen, Volkert W. and Bitz, Andreas and Streckert, Joachim R.},
  title     = {RF Exposure of Biological Systems in Radial Waveguides},
  series = {IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility},
  volume    = {41},
  journal   = {IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility},
  number    = {4},
  issn      = {1558-187X},
  doi       = {10.1109/15.809852},
  pages     = {487 -- 493},
  year      = {1999},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ArreolaOberlaenderMaetzkowetal.2017,
  author    = {Arreola, Julio and Oberl{\"a}nder, Jan and M{\"a}tzkow, M. and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Surface functionalization for spore-based biosensors with organosilanes},
  series = {Electrochimica Acta},
  volume    = {241},
  journal   = {Electrochimica Acta},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0013-4686},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.electacta.2017.04.157},
  pages     = {237 -- 243},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {In the present work, surface functionalization of different sensor materials was studied. Organosilanes are well known to serve as coupling agent for biomolecules or cells on inorganic materials. 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) was used to attach microbiological spores time to an interdigitated sensor surface. The functionality and physical properties of APTES were studied on isolated sensor materials, namely silicon dioxide (SiO2) and platinum (Pt) as well as the combined material on sensor level. A predominant immobilization of spores could be demonstrated on SiO2 surfaces. Additionally, the impedance signal of APTES-functionalized biosensor chips has been investigated.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RiekeStollenwerkDahmenetal.2018,
  author    = {Rieke, Christian and Stollenwerk, Dominik and Dahmen, Markus and Pieper, Martin},
  title     = {Modeling and optimization of a biogas plant for a demand-driven energy supply},
  series = {Energy},
  volume    = {145},
  journal   = {Energy},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0360-5442},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.energy.2017.12.073},
  pages     = {657 -- 664},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Due to the Renewable Energy Act, in Germany it is planned to increase the amount of renewable energy carriers up to 60\%. One of the main problems is the fluctuating supply of wind and solar energy. Here biogas plants provide a solution, because a demand-driven supply is possible. Before running such a plant, it is necessary to simulate and optimize the process. This paper provides a new model of a biogas plant, which is as accurate as the standard ADM1 model. The advantage compared to ADM1 is that it is based on only four parameters compared to 28. Applying this model, an optimization was installed, which allows a demand-driven supply by biogas plants. Finally the results are confirmed by several experiments and measurements with a real test plant.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{OberlaenderMayerGreeffetal.2018,
  author    = {Oberl{\"a}nder, Jan and Mayer, Marlena and Greeff, Anton and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Spore-based biosensor to monitor the microbicidal efficacy of gaseous hydrogen peroxide sterilization processes},
  series = {Biosensors and Bioelectronics},
  volume    = {104},
  journal   = {Biosensors and Bioelectronics},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0956-5663},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.bios.2017.12.045},
  pages     = {87 -- 94},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {In this work, a spore-based biosensor is evaluated to monitor the microbicidal efficacy of sterilization processes applying gaseous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The sensor is based on interdigitated electrode structures (IDEs) that have been fabricated by means of thin-film technologies. Impedimetric measurements are applied to study the effect of sterilization process on spores of Bacillus atrophaeus. This resilient microorganism is commonly used in industry to proof the sterilization efficiency. The sensor measurements are accompanied by conventional microbiological challenge tests, as well as morphological characterizations with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The sensor measurements are correlated with the microbiological test routines. In both methods, namely the sensor-based and microbiological one, a tailing effect has been observed. The results are evaluated and discussed in a three-dimensional calibration plot demonstrating the sensor's suitability to enable a rapid process decision in terms of a successfully performed sterilization.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BrabandPaulssenAbram2006,
  author    = {Braband, Henrik and Paulßen, Elisabeth and Abram, Ulrich},
  title     = {Nitridorhenium(V) Complexes with 1,3-Dialkyl-4,5-dimethylimidazole-2-ylidenes},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r anorganische und allgemeine Chemie : ZAAC = Journal of inorganic and general chemistry},
  volume    = {632},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r anorganische und allgemeine Chemie : ZAAC = Journal of inorganic and general chemistry},
  number    = {6},
  issn      = {1521-3749},
  doi       = {10.1002/zaac.200600002},
  pages     = {1051 -- 1056},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PaulssenSchweighoeferAbram2010,
  author    = {Paulßen, Elisabeth and Schweigh{\"o}fer, Philip V. and Abram, Ulrich},
  title     = {Reactions of [ReOX3(PPh3)2] Complexes (X = Cl, Br) with Phenylacetylene and the Structures of the Products},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r anorganische und allgemeine Chemie : ZAAC = Journal of inorganic and general chemistry},
  volume    = {636},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r anorganische und allgemeine Chemie : ZAAC = Journal of inorganic and general chemistry},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1521-3749},
  doi       = {10.1002/zaac.200900478},
  pages     = {779 -- 783},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Oxorhenium(V) complexes [ReOX3(PPh3)2] (X = Cl, Br) react with phenylacetylene under formation of complexes with ylide-type ligands. Compounds of the compositions [ReOCl3(PPh3){C(Ph)C(H)(PPh3)}] (1), [ReOBr3(OPPh3){C(Ph)C(H)(PPh3)}] (2), and [ReOBr3(OPPh3){C(H)C(Ph)(PPh3)}] (3) were isolated and characterized by X-ray diffraction. They contain a ligand, which was formed by a nucleophilic attack of released PPh3 at coordinated phenylacetylene. The structures of the products show that there is no preferable position for this attack. Cleavage of the Re-C bond in 3 and dimerization of the organic ligand resulted in the formation of the [{(PPh3)(H)CC(Ph)}2]2+ cation, which crystallized as its [(ReOBr4)(OReO3)]2- salt.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PaulssenKueckmannAbram2007,
  author    = {Paulßen, Elisabeth and K{\"u}ckmann, Theresa and Abram, Ulrich},
  title     = {Silver(I) Complexes of 1,3-Dialkyl-4,5-dimethylimidazol-2-ylidenes and their Use as Precursors for the Synthesis of Rhenium(V) NHC Complexes},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r anorganische und allgemeine Chemie : ZAAC = Journal of inorganic and general chemistry},
  volume    = {633},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r anorganische und allgemeine Chemie : ZAAC = Journal of inorganic and general chemistry},
  number    = {5-6},
  issn      = {1521-3749},
  doi       = {10.1002/zaac.200700021},
  pages     = {830 -- 834},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BrabandYegenPaulssenetal.2005,
  author    = {Braband, Henrik and Yegen, Eda and Paulßen, Elisabeth and Abram, Ulrich},
  title     = {[{ReN(PMe2Ph)3}{ReO3N}]2 - Structural Evidence for the Nitridotrioxorhenate(VII) Anion, [ReO3N]2-},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r anorganische und allgemeine Chemie : ZAAC = Journal of inorganic and general chemistry},
  volume    = {631},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r anorganische und allgemeine Chemie : ZAAC = Journal of inorganic and general chemistry},
  number    = {12},
  issn      = {1521-3749},
  doi       = {10.1002/zaac.200500240},
  pages     = {2408 -- 2410},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PaulssenAlbertoAbram2010,
  author    = {Paulßen, Elisabeth and Alberto, Roger and Abram, Ulrich},
  title     = {Synthesis, Characterization, and Structures of R3EOTcO3 Complexes (E = C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) and Related Compounds},
  series = {Inorganic Chemistry},
  volume    = {49},
  journal   = {Inorganic Chemistry},
  number    = {7},
  publisher = {American Chemical Society},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {1520-510X},
  doi       = {10.1021/ic1001094},
  pages     = {3525 -- 3530},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {AgTcO4 reacts with R3ECl compounds (E = C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb; R = Me, iPr, tBu, Ph), tBu2SnCl2, or PhMgCl under formation of novel trioxotechnetium(VII) derivatives. The carbon and silicon derivatives readily undergo decomposition, which was proven by 99Tc NMR spectroscopy and the isolation of decomposition products such as [TcOCl3(THF)(OH2)]. Compounds [Ph3GeOTcO3], [(THF)Ph3SnOTcO3], [(O3TcO)SntBu2(OH)]2, and [(THF)4Mg(OTcO3)2] are more stable and were isolated in crystalline form and characterized by X-ray diffraction.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PaulssenKongArciszewskietal.2012,
  author    = {Paulßen, Elisabeth and Kong, Shushu and Arciszewski, Pawel and Wielbalck, Swantje and Abram, Ulrich},
  title     = {Aryl and NHC Compounds of Technetium and Rhenium},
  series = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
  volume    = {134},
  journal   = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
  number    = {22},
  publisher = {ACS Publications},
  address   = {Washington, DC},
  issn      = {1520-5126},
  doi       = {10.1021/ja3033718},
  pages     = {9118 -- 9121},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Air- and water-stable phenyl complexes with nitridotechnetium(V) cores can be prepared by straightforward procedures. [TcNPh2(PPh3)2] is formed by the reaction of [TcNCl2(PPh3)2] with PhLi. The analogous N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) compound [TcNPh2(HLPh)2], where HLPh is 1,3,4-triphenyl-1,2,4-triazol-5-ylidene, is available from (NBu4)[TcNCl4] and HLPh or its methoxo-protected form. The latter compound allows the comparison of different Tc-C bonds within one compound. Surprisingly, the Tc chemistry with such NHCs does not resemble that of corresponding Re complexes, where CH activation and orthometalation dominate.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BarbazanHagenbachPaulssenetal.2010,
  author    = {Barbaz{\´a}n, Paula and Hagenbach, Adelheid and Paulßen, Elisabeth and Abram, Ulrich and Carballo, Rosa and Rodriguez-Hermida, Sabina and V{\´a}zquez-L{\´o}pez, Ezequiel M.},
  title     = {Tricarbonyl Rhenium(I) and Technetium(I) Complexes with Hydrazones Derived from 4,5-Diazafluoren-9-one and 1,10-Phenanthroline-5,6-dione},
  series = {European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry},
  journal   = {European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry},
  number    = {29},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1099-0682},
  doi       = {10.1002/ejic.201000522},
  pages     = {4622 -- 4630},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Tricarbonylrhenium(I) and -technetium(I) halide (halide = Cl and Br) complexes of ligands derived from 4,5-diazafluoren-9-one (df) and 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione (phen) derivatives of benzoic and 2-hydroxybenzoic acid hydrazides have been prepared. The complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, MS, IR, 1H NMR and absorption and emission UV/Vis spectroscopic methods. The metal centres (ReI and TcI) are coordinated through the nitrogen imine atoms and establish five-membered chelate rings, whereas the hydrazone groups stand uncoordinated. The 1H NMR spectra suggest the same behaviour in solution on the basis of only marginal variations in the chemical shifts of the hydrazine protons.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PaulssenNgyugenKahlckeetal.2012,
  author    = {Paulßen, Elisabeth and Ngyugen, Hung Huy and Kahlcke, Nils and Deflon, Victor M. and Abram, Ulrich},
  title     = {Tricarbonyltechnetium(I) and -rhenium(I) complexes with N′-thiocarbamoylpicolylbenzamidines},
  series = {Polyhedron},
  volume    = {40},
  journal   = {Polyhedron},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0277-5387},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.poly.2012.04.008},
  pages     = {153 -- 158},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {N,N-Dialkylamino(thiocarbonyl)-N′-picolylbenzamidines react with (NEt4)2[M(CO)3X3] (M = Re, X = Br; M = Tc, X = Cl) under formation of neutral [M(CO)3L] complexes in high yields. The monoanionic NNS ligands bind in a facial coordination mode and can readily be modified at the (CS)NR1R2 moiety. The complexes [99Tc(CO)3(LPyMor)] and [Re(CO)3(L)] (L = LPyMor, LPyEt) were characterized by X-ray diffraction. Reactions of [99mTc(CO)3(H2O)3]+ with the N′-thiocarbamoylpicolylbenzamidines give the corresponding 99mTc complexes. The ester group in HLPyCOOEt allows linkage between biomolecules and the metal core.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PellegriniHowellShepherdetal.2013,
  author    = {Pellegrini, Paul A. and Howell, Nicholas R. and Shepherd, Rachael K. and Lengkeek, Nigel A. and Paulßen, Elisabeth and Katsifis, Andrew G. and Greguric, Ivan},
  title     = {Synthesis and Radiolabelling of DOTA-Linked Glutamine Analogues with 67,68Ga as Markers for Increased Glutamine Metabolism in Tumour Cells},
  series = {Molecules},
  volume    = {18},
  journal   = {Molecules},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {1420-3049},
  doi       = {10.3390/molecules18067160},
  pages     = {7160 -- 7178},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PaulssenLeLengkeeketal.2013,
  author    = {Paulßen, Elisabeth and Le, Van So and Lengkeek, Nigel and Pellegrini, Paul and Jackson, Tim and Greguric, Ivan and Weiner, Ron},
  title     = {Influence of Metal Ions on the 68Ga-labeling of DOTATATE},
  series = {Applied Radiation and Isotopes},
  volume    = {82},
  journal   = {Applied Radiation and Isotopes},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1872-9800},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.apradiso.2013.08.010},
  pages     = {232 -- 238},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PaulssenLengkeekLeetal.2016,
  author    = {Paulßen, Elisabeth and Lengkeek, Nigel A. and Le, Van So and Pellegrini, Paul A. and Greguric, Ivan and Weiner, Ron},
  title     = {The role of additives in moderating the influence of Fe(III) and Cu(II) on the radiochemical yield of [⁶⁸Ga(DOTATATE)]},
  series = {Applied Radiation and Isotopes},
  volume    = {107},
  journal   = {Applied Radiation and Isotopes},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1872-9800},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.09.008},
  pages     = {13 -- 16},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {[⁶⁸Ga(DOTATATE)] has demonstrated its clinical usefulness. Both Fe³⁺ and Cu²⁺, potential contaminants in Gallium-68 generator eluent, substantially reduce the radiochemical (RC) yield of [⁶⁸Ga(DOTATATE)] if the metal/ligand ratio of 1:1 is exceeded. A variety of compounds were examined for their potential ability to reduce this effect. Most had no effect on RC yield. However, addition of phosphate diminished the influence of Fe³⁺ by likely forming an insoluble iron salt. Addition of ascorbic acid reduced Cu²⁺ and Fe³⁺ to Cu⁺ and Fe²⁺ respectively, both of which have limited impact on RC yields. At low ligand amounts (5 nmol DOTATATE), the addition of 30 nmol phosphate (0.19 mM) increased the tolerance of Fe3⁺ from 4 nmol to 10 nmol (0.06 mM), while the addition of ascorbic acid allowed high RC yields (>95\%) in the presence of 40 nmol Fe³⁺ (0.25 mM) and 100 nmol Cu²⁺ (0.63 mM). The effect of ascorbic acid was highly pH-dependant, and gave optimal results at pH 3.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PaulssenHoehrHouetal.2015,
  author    = {Paulßen, Elisabeth and Hoehr, Cornelia and Hou, Xinchi and Hanemaayer, Victoire and Zeisler, Stefan and Adam, Michael J. and Ruth, Thomas J. and Celler, Anna and Buckley, Ken and Benard, Francois and Schaffer, Paul},
  title     = {Production of Y-86 and other radiometals for research purposes using a solution target system},
  series = {Nuclear medicine and biology},
  volume    = {42},
  journal   = {Nuclear medicine and biology},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1872-9614},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2015.06.005},
  pages     = {842 -- 849},
  year      = {2015},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoehrPaulssenBenardetal.2014,
  author    = {Hoehr, Cornelia and Paulßen, Elisabeth and Benard, Francois and Lee, Chris Jaeil and Hou, Xinchi and Badesso, Brian and Ferguson, Simon and Miao, Qing and Yang, Hua and Buckley, Ken and Hanemaayer, Victoire and Zeisler, Stefan and Ruth, Thomas and Celler, Anna and Schaffer, Paul},
  title     = {⁴⁴ᶢSc production using a water target on a 13 MeV cyclotron},
  series = {Nuclear medicine and biology},
  volume    = {41},
  journal   = {Nuclear medicine and biology},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1872-9614},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2013.12.016},
  pages     = {401 -- 406},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Access to promising radiometals as isotopes for novel molecular imaging agents requires that they are routinely available and inexpensive to obtain. Proximity to a cyclotron center outfitted with solid target hardware, or to an isotope generator for the metal of interest is necessary, both of which can introduce significant hurdles in development of less common isotopes. Herein, we describe the production of ⁴⁴Sc (t₁⸝₂ = 3.97 h, Eavg,β⁺ = 1.47 MeV, branching ratio = 94.27\%) in a solution target and an automated loading system which allows a quick turn-around between different radiometallic isotopes and therefore greatly improves their availability for tracer development. Experimental yields are compared to theoretical calculations.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{InfantinoPaulssenMostaccietal.2016,
  author    = {Infantino, Angelo and Paulßen, Elisabeth and Mostacci, Domiziano and Schaffer, Paul and Trinczek, Michael and Hoehr, Cornelia},
  title     = {Assessment of the production of medical isotopes using the Monte Carlo code FLUKA: Simulations against experimental measurements},
  series = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms},
  volume    = {366},
  journal   = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1872-9584},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.nimb.2015.10.067},
  pages     = {117 -- 123},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The Monte Carlo code FLUKA is used to simulate the production of a number of positron emitting radionuclides, ¹⁸F, ¹³N, ⁹⁴Tc, ⁴⁴Sc, ⁶⁸Ga, ⁸⁶Y, ⁸⁹Zr, ⁵²Mn, ⁶¹Cu and ⁵⁵Co, on a small medical cyclotron with a proton beam energy of 13 MeV. Experimental data collected at the TR13 cyclotron at TRIUMF agree within a factor of 0.6 ± 0.4 with the directly simulated data, except for the production of ⁵⁵Co, where the simulation underestimates the experiment by a factor of 3.4 ± 0.4. The experimental data also agree within a factor of 0.8 ± 0.6 with the convolution of simulated proton fluence and cross sections from literature. Overall, this confirms the applicability of FLUKA to simulate radionuclide production at 13 MeV proton beam energy.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LiuSchaapBallemansetal.2017,
  author    = {Liu, Z. and Schaap, K. S. and Ballemans, L. and de Blois, E. and Rohde, M. and Paulßen, Elisabeth},
  title     = {Measurement of reaction kinetics of [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE using a microfluidic system},
  series = {Dalton Transactions},
  volume    = {46},
  journal   = {Dalton Transactions},
  number    = {42},
  issn      = {1477-9234},
  doi       = {10.1039/C7DT01830D},
  pages     = {14669 -- 14676},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchuhGottschalkHoehne2007,
  author    = {Schuh, G. and Gottschalk, S. and H{\"o}hne, Tim},
  title     = {High Resolution Production Management},
  series = {CIRP Annals},
  volume    = {56},
  journal   = {CIRP Annals},
  number    = {1},
  issn      = {0007-8506},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.cirp.2007.05.105},
  pages     = {439 -- 442},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LauraDrechslerErdtetal.2018,
  author    = {Laura, C.O. and Drechsler, Klaus and Erdt, M. and Wesarg, S. and Bale, R.},
  title     = {Intervention assessment tool for primary tumors in the liver},
  series = {Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering},
  volume    = {4},
  journal   = {Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {De Gruyter},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {2364-5504},
  doi       = {10.1515/cdbme-2018-0081},
  pages     = {337 -- 340},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {After a liver tumor intervention the medical doctor has to compare both pre and postoperative CT acquisitions to ensure that all carcinogenic cells are destroyed. A correct assessment of the intervention is of vital importance, since it will reduce the probability of tumor recurrence. Some methods have been proposed to support the medical doctors during the assessment process, however, all of them focus on secondary tumors. In this paper a tool is presented that enables the outcome validation for both primary and secondary tumors. Therefore, a multiphase registration (preoperative arterial and portal phases) followed by a registration between the pre and postoperative CT images is carried out. The first registration is in charge of the primary tumors that are only visible in the arterial phase. The secondary tumors will be incorporated in the second registration step. Finally, the part of the tumor that was not covered by the necrosis is quantified and visualized. The method has been tested in 9 patients, with an average registration error of 1.41 mm.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ValeroVitiGualtieri2019,
  author    = {Valero, Daniel and Viti, Nicolo and Gualtieri, Carlo},
  title     = {Numerical Simulation of Hydraulic Jumps. Part 1: Experimental Data for Modelling Performance Assessment},
  series = {Water},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Water},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2073-4441},
  doi       = {10.3390/w11010036},
  pages     = {Art. Nr. 36},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{VitiValeroGualtieri2019,
  author    = {Viti, Nicolo and Valero, Daniel and Gualtieri, Carlo},
  title     = {Numerical Simulation of Hydraulic Jumps. Part 2: Recent Results and Future Outlook},
  series = {Water},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Water},
  number    = {1},
  issn      = {2073-4441},
  doi       = {10.3390/w11010028},
  pages     = {Art. Nr. 28},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HeinkeKnickerAlbracht2018,
  author    = {Heinke, Lars N. and Knicker, Axel J. and Albracht, Kirsten},
  title     = {Evaluation of passively induced shoulder stretch reflex using an isokinetic dynamometer in male overhead athletes},
  series = {Isokinetics and Exercise Science},
  volume    = {26},
  journal   = {Isokinetics and Exercise Science},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {IOS Press},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1878-5913},
  doi       = {10.3233/IES-184111},
  pages     = {265 -- 274},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {BACKGROUND: Muscle stretch reflexes are widely considered to beneficially influence joint stability and power generation in the lower limbs. While in the upper limbs and especially in the muscles surrounding the shoulder joint such evidence is lacking. OBJECTIVE: To quantify the electromyographical response in the muscles crossing the shoulder of specifically trained overhead athletes to an anterior perturbation force. METHODS: Twenty healthy male participants performed six sets of different external shoulder rotation stretches on an isokinetic dynamometer over a range of amplitudes and muscle pre-activation moment levels. All stretches were applied with a dynamometer acceleration of 10,000∘/s2 and a velocity of 150∘/s. Electromyographical response was measured via sEMG. RESULTS: Consistent reflexes were not observed in all experimental conditions. The reflex latencies revealed a significant muscle main effect (F (2,228) = 99.31, p< 0.001; η2= 0.466; f= 0.934) and a pre-activation main effect (F (1,228) = 142.21, p< 0.001; η2= 0.384; f= 1.418). The stretch reflex amplitude yielded a significant pre-activation main effect (F (1,222) = 470.373, p< 0.001; η2= 0.679; f= 1.454). CONCLUSION: Short latency muscle reflexes showed a tendency to an anterior to posterior muscle recruitment whereby the main internal rotator muscles of the shoulder revealed the most consistent results.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BleilevensHillGrzannaetal.2019,
  author    = {Bleilevens, Christian and Hill, Aileen and Grzanna, Tim and Fechter, Tamara and Bohnen, Melanie and Weber, Hans-Joachim and Beckers, Christian and Borosch, Sebastian and Zayat, Rashad and Benstoem, Carin and Rossaint, Rolf and Goetzenich, Andreas},
  title     = {In vitro head-to-head comparison of anticoagulation properties of two heparin brands in a human blood miniature mock loop},
  series = {Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery},
  volume    = {28},
  journal   = {Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery},
  number    = {1},
  issn      = {1569-9285},
  doi       = {10.1093/icvts/ivy206},
  pages     = {120 -- 127},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DotzauerPfeifferLaueretal.2019,
  author    = {Dotzauer, Martin and Pfeiffer, Diana and Lauer, Markus and Pohl, Marcel and Mauky, Eric and B{\"a}r, Katharina and Sonnleitner, Matthias and Z{\"o}rner, Wilfried and Hudde, Jessica and Schwarz, Bj{\"o}rn and Faßauer, Burkhardt and Dahmen, Markus and Rieke, Christian and Herbert, Johannes and Thr{\"a}n, Daniela},
  title     = {How to measure flexibility - Performance indicators for demand driven power generation from biogas plants},
  series = {Renewable Energy},
  journal   = {Renewable Energy},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0960-1481},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.renene.2018.10.021},
  pages     = {135 -- 146},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FranzenPindersPfaffetal.2018,
  author    = {Franzen, Julius and Pinders, Erik and Pfaff, Raphael and Enning, Manfred},
  title     = {RailCrowd's virtual fleets: Make most of your asset data},
  series = {Deine Bahn},
  journal   = {Deine Bahn},
  number    = {9},
  publisher = {Bahn-Fachverlag},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {0948-7263},
  pages     = {11 -- 13},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {For smaller railway operators or those with a diverse fleet, it can be difficult to collect sufficient data to improve maintenance programs. At the same time, new rules such as entity in charge of maintenance - ECM - regulations impose an additional workload by requiring a dedicated maintenance management system and specific reports. The RailCrowd platform sets out to facilitate compliance with ECM and similar regulations while at the same time pooling anonymised fleet data across operators to form virtual fleets, providing greater data insights.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RauppSchmittWalzetal.2018,
  author    = {Raupp, Sebastian M. and Schmitt, Marcel and Walz, Anna-Lena and Diehm, Ralf and Hummel, Helga and Scharfer, Philip and Schabel, Wilhelm},
  title     = {Slot die stripe coating of low viscous fluids},
  series = {Journal of Coatings Technology and Research},
  volume    = {15},
  journal   = {Journal of Coatings Technology and Research},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Springer},
  issn      = {1935-3804},
  doi       = {10.1007/s11998-017-0039-y},
  pages     = {899 -- 911},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Slot die coating is applied to deposit thin and homogenous films in roll-to-roll and sheet-to-sheet applications. The critical step in operation is to choose suitable process parameters within the process window. In this work, we investigate an upper limit for stripe coatings. This maximum film thickness is characterized by stripe merging which needs to be avoided in a stable process. It is shown that the upper limit reduces the process window for stripe coatings to a major extent. As a result, stripe coatings at large coating gaps and low viscosities are only possible for relatively thick films. Explaining the upper limit, a theory of balancing the side pressure in the gap region in the cross-web direction has been developed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HueningHillgaertnerReke2019,
  author    = {H{\"u}ning, Felix and Hillg{\"a}rtner, Michael and Reke, Michael},
  title     = {Rolling Labs - Teaching Vehicle Electronics from the Beginning},
  series = {International Journal of Engineering Pedagogy (iJEP)},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {International Journal of Engineering Pedagogy (iJEP)},
  number    = {1},
  issn      = {2192-4880},
  doi       = {10.3991/ijep.v9i1.9241},
  pages     = {34 -- 49},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Bernecker2010,
  author    = {Bernecker, Andreas},
  title     = {A European Private Company: Is Europe's single legal form for SMEs close to approval?},
  series = {Research Briefing},
  journal   = {Research Briefing},
  publisher = {Deutsche Bank Research},
  address   = {Frankfurt a. M.},
  issn      = {2193-5955},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {This Research Briefing, issued in July 2010, concluded that: - Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Europe have long called for a matching legal form valid across the EU (similar to that of the European company (SE) for large firms) - The main benefits would be the availability of uniform Europe-wide company structures, significant cost reductions for businesses and further integration of the internal market - Given the differing national views regarding the concrete features of the new legal form there is currently no sign of an agreement being reached at the European level in the short term; however, it is possible that progress will be made in negotiations during the year - The key issues being discussed in depth are company formation, transnationality and employee participation rights in the new European private company (SPE).},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GoergensGreubelMoosdorf2013,
  author    = {G{\"o}rgens, Stefan and Greubel, Steffen and Moosdorf, Andreas},
  title     = {How to mobilize 20,000 people: Perspectives on retail and consumer goods},
  pages     = {52 -- 58},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Moosdorf2009,
  author    = {Moosdorf, Andreas},
  title     = {It's not just the Talent, it's the Knowledge Transfer Method},
  series = {GC Ticker},
  journal   = {GC Ticker},
  number    = {1},
  pages     = {16 -- 16},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Bernecker2016,
  author    = {Bernecker, Andreas},
  title     = {Divided we reform? Evidence from US welfare policies},
  series = {Journal of Public Economics},
  volume    = {142},
  journal   = {Journal of Public Economics},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0047-2727},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2016.08.003},
  pages     = {24 -- 38},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Divided government is often thought of as causing legislative deadlock. I investigate the link between divided government and economic reforms using a novel data set on welfare reforms in US states between 1978 and 2010. Panel data regressions show that, under divided government, a US state is around 25\% more likely to adopt a welfare reform than under unified government. Several robustness checks confirm this counter-intuitive finding. Case study evidence suggests an explanation based on policy competition between governor, senate, and house.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Bernecker2014,
  author    = {Bernecker, Andreas},
  title     = {Do politicians shirk when reelection is certain? Evidence from the German parliament},
  series = {European Journal of Political Economy},
  volume    = {36},
  journal   = {European Journal of Political Economy},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0176-2680},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2014.07.001},
  pages     = {55 -- 70},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Does stiffer electoral competition reduce political shirking? For a micro-analysis of this question, I construct a new data set spanning the years 2005 to 2012 covering biographical and political information about German Members of Parliament (MPs), including their attendance rates in voting sessions. For the parliament elected in 2009, I show that indeed opposition party MPs who expect to face a close race in their district show significantly and relevantly lower absence rates in parliament beforehand. MPs of governing parties seem not to react significantly to electoral competition. These results are confirmed by an analysis of the parliament elected in 2005, by several robustness checks, and also by employing an instrumental variable strategy exploiting convenient peculiarities of the German electoral system. The study also shows how MPs elected via party lists react to different levels of electoral competition.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Bernecker2014,
  author    = {Bernecker, Andreas},
  title     = {Divided Government and the Adoption of Economic Reforms},
  series = {CESifo DICE Report - Journal for Institutional Comparison},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {CESifo DICE Report - Journal for Institutional Comparison},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Ifo Institute for Economic Research},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  issn      = {1612-0663},
  pages     = {47 -- 52},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ArreolaKeusgenSchoening2019,
  author    = {Arreola, Julio and Keusgen, Michael and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Toward an immobilization method for spore-based biosensors in oxidative environment},
  series = {Electrochimica Acta},
  volume    = {302},
  journal   = {Electrochimica Acta},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.electacta.2019.01.148},
  pages     = {394 -- 401},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Matcha2015,
  author    = {Matcha, Heike},
  title     = {Parametrized Systems: Conceiving of Buildings as Assemblies of Varied Parts},
  series = {Real Time - Proceedings of the 33rd eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria, 16-18 September 2015},
  journal   = {Real Time - Proceedings of the 33rd eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria, 16-18 September 2015},
  editor    = {Martens, B.},
  pages     = {143 -- 148},
  year      = {2015},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Delaittre2019,
  author    = {Delaittre, Guillaume},
  title     = {Telechelic Poly(2-Oxazoline)s},
  series = {European Polymer Journal},
  journal   = {European Polymer Journal},
  number    = {In Press, Journal Pre-proof, 109281},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0014-3057},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109281},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MennickenPeterKaulenetal.2019,
  author    = {Mennicken, Max and Peter, Sophia Katharina and Kaulen, Corinna and Simon, Ulrich and Karth{\"a}user, Silvia},
  title     = {Controlling the Electronic Contact at the Terpyridine/Metal Interface},
  series = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C},
  volume    = {123},
  journal   = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C},
  number    = {35},
  issn      = {1932-7455},
  doi       = {10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b05865},
  pages     = {21367 -- 21375},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ArreolaKeusgenWagneretal.2019,
  author    = {Arreola, Julio and Keusgen, Michael and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Combined calorimetric gas- and spore-based biosensor array for online monitoring and sterility assurance of gaseous hydrogen peroxide in aseptic filling machines},
  series = {Biosensors and Bioelectronics},
  volume    = {143},
  journal   = {Biosensors and Bioelectronics},
  number    = {111628},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0956-5663},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.bios.2019.111628},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KromeHoeftSander2019,
  author    = {Krome, Cornelia and H{\"o}ft, Jan and Sander, Volker},
  title     = {Clustering time series applied to energy markets},
  series = {Energy Informatics},
  volume    = {2},
  journal   = {Energy Informatics},
  number    = {Article numer 17},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {2520-8942},
  doi       = {10.1186/s42162-019-0076-0},
  pages     = {1 -- 20},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{OrzadaSolbachGratzetal.2019,
  author    = {Orzada, Stephan and Solbach, Klaus and Gratz, Marcel and Brunheim, Sascha and Fiedler, Thomas M. and Johst, S{\"o}ren and Bitz, Andreas and Shooshtary, Samaneh and Abuelhaija, Asjraf and Voelker, Maximilian N. and Rietsch, Stefan H. G. and Kraff, Oliver and Maderwald, Stefan and Fl{\"o}ser, Martina and Oehmingen, Mark and Quick, Harald H. and Ladd, Mark E.},
  title     = {A 32-channel parallel transmit system add-on for 7T MRI},
  series = {Plos one},
  journal   = {Plos one},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0222452},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{QuittmannAbelAlbrachtetal.2020,
  author    = {Quittmann, Oliver J. and Abel, Thomas and Albracht, Kirsten and Meskemper, Joshua and Foitschik, Tina and Str{\"u}der, Heiko K.},
  title     = {Biomechanics of handcycling propulsion in a 30-min continuous load test at lactate threshold: Kinetics, kinematics, and muscular activity in able-bodied participants},
  series = {European Journal of Applied Physiology},
  journal   = {European Journal of Applied Physiology},
  number    = {120},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Heidelberg},
  issn      = {1439-6327},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00421-020-04373-x},
  pages     = {1403 -- 1415},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Purpose This study aims to investigate the biomechanics of handcycling during a continuous load trial (CLT) to assess the mechanisms underlying fatigue in upper body exercise. Methods Twelve able-bodied triathletes performed a 30-min CLT at a power output corresponding to lactate threshold in a racing recumbent handcycle mounted on a stationary ergometer. During the CLT, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), tangential crank kinetics, 3D joint kinematics, and muscular activity of ten muscles of the upper extremity and trunk were examined using motion capturing and surface electromyography. Results During the CLT, spontaneously chosen cadence and RPE increased, whereas crank torque decreased. Rotational work was higher during the pull phase. Peripheral RPE was higher compared to central RPE. Joint range of motion decreased for elbow-flexion and radial-duction. Integrated EMG (iEMG) increased in the forearm flexors, forearm extensors, and M. deltoideus (Pars spinalis). An earlier onset of activation was found for M. deltoideus (Pars clavicularis), M. pectoralis major, M. rectus abdominis, M. biceps brachii, and the forearm flexors. Conclusion Fatigue-related alterations seem to apply analogously in handcycling and cycling. The most distal muscles are responsible for force transmission on the cranks and might thus suffer most from neuromuscular fatigue. The findings indicate that peripheral fatigue (at similar lactate values) is higher in handcycling compared to leg cycling, at least for inexperienced participants. An increase in cadence might delay peripheral fatigue by a reduced vascular occlusion. We assume that the gap between peripheral and central fatigue can be reduced by sport-specific endurance training.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DantismRoehlenDahmenetal.2020,
  author    = {Dantism, Shahriar and R{\"o}hlen, Desiree and Dahmen, Markus and Wagner, Torsten and Wagner, Patrick and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {LAPS-based monitoring of metabolic responses of bacterial cultures in a paper fermentation broth},
  series = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical},
  volume    = {320},
  journal   = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical},
  number    = {Art. 128232},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0925-4005},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.snb.2020.128232},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {As an alternative renewable energy source, methane production in biogas plants is gaining more and more attention. Biomass in a bioreactor contains different types of microorganisms, which should be considered in terms of process-stability control. Metabolically inactive microorganisms within the fermentation process can lead to undesirable, time-consuming and cost-intensive interventions. Hence, monitoring of the cellular metabolism of bacterial populations in a fermentation broth is crucial to improve the biogas production, operation efficiency, and sustainability. In this work, the extracellular acidification of bacteria in a paper-fermentation broth is monitored after glucose uptake, utilizing a differential light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) system. The LAPS system is loaded with three different model microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Corynebacterium glutamicum, and Lactobacillus brevis) and the effect of the fermentation broth at different process stages on the metabolism of these bacteria is studied. In this way, different signal patterns related to the metabolic response of microorganisms can be identified. By means of calibration curves after glucose uptake, the overall extracellular acidification of bacterial populations within the fermentation process can be evaluated.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchmidtTurgutLeetal.2020,
  author    = {Schmidt, Aaron C. and Turgut, Hatice and Le, Dao and Beloqui, Ana and Delaittre, Guillaume},
  title     = {Making the best of it: nitroxide-mediated polymerization of methacrylates via the copolymerization approach with functional styrenics},
  series = {Polymer Chemistry},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Polymer Chemistry},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  doi       = {10.1039/C9PY01458F},
  pages     = {593 -- 604},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The SG1-mediated solution polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (OEGMA, Mₙ = 300 g mol⁻¹) in the presence of a small amount of functional/reactive styrenic comonomer is investigated. Moieties such as pentafluorophenyl ester, triphenylphosphine, azide, pentafluorophenyl, halide, and pyridine are considered. A comonomer fraction as low as 5 mol\% typically results in a controlled/living behavior, at least up to 50\% conversion. Chain extensions with styrene for both systems were successfully performed. Variation of physical properties such as refractive index (for MMA) and phase transition temperature (for OEGMA) were evaluated by comparing to 100\% pure homopolymers. The introduction of an activated ester styrene derivative in the polymerization of OEGMA allows for the synthesis of reactive and hydrophilic polymer brushes with defined thickness. Finally, using the example of pentafluorostyrene as controlling comonomer, it is demonstrated that functional PMMA-b-PS are able to maintain a phase separation ability, as evidenced by the formation of nanostructured thin films.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RoethSlabuKessleretal.2019,
  author    = {Roeth, A.A. and Slabu, I. and Kessler, A. and Engelmann, Ulrich M.},
  title     = {Local treatment of pancreatic cancer with magnetic nanoparticles},
  series = {HPB},
  volume    = {21},
  journal   = {HPB},
  number    = {Supplement 3},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1365-182X},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.hpb.2019.10.959},
  pages     = {S868 -- S869},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WeldenSchoeningWagneretal.2020,
  author    = {Welden, Rene and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Wagner, Patrick H. and Wagner, Torsten},
  title     = {Light-Addressable Electrodes for Dynamic and Flexible Addressing of Biological Systems and Electrochemical Reactions},
  series = {Sensors},
  volume    = {20},
  journal   = {Sensors},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {1424-8220},
  doi       = {10.3390/s20061680},
  pages     = {Artikel 1680},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {In this review article, we are going to present an overview on possible applications of light-addressable electrodes (LAE) as actuator/manipulation devices besides classical electrode structures. For LAEs, the electrode material consists of a semiconductor. Illumination with a light source with the appropiate wavelength leads to the generation of electron-hole pairs which can be utilized for further photoelectrochemical reaction. Due to recent progress in light-projection technologies, highly dynamic and flexible illumination patterns can be generated, opening new possibilities for light-addressable electrodes. A short introduction on semiconductor-electrolyte interfaces with light stimulation is given together with electrode-design approaches. Towards applications, the stimulation of cells with different electrode materials and fabrication designs is explained, followed by analyte-manipulation strategies and spatially resolved photoelectrochemical deposition of different material types.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KerresGredigkHoffmannJatheetal.2020,
  author    = {Kerres, Karsten and Gredigk-Hoffmann, Sylvia and Jathe, R{\"u}diger and Orlik, Stefan and Sariyildiz, Mustafa and Schmidt, Torsten and Sympher, Klaus-Jochen and Uhlenbroch, Adrian},
  title     = {Future approaches for sewer system condition assessment},
  series = {Water Practice \& Technology},
  journal   = {Water Practice \& Technology},
  number    = {15 (2)},
  publisher = {IWA Publishing},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {1751-231X},
  doi       = {10.2166/wpt.2020.027},
  pages     = {386 -- 393},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Different analytical approaches exist to describe the structural substance or wear reserve of sewer systems. The aim is to convert engineering assessments of often complex defect patterns into computational algorithms and determine a substance class for a sewer section or manhole. This analytically determined information is essential for strategic rehabilitation planning processes up to network level, as it corresponds to the most appropriate rehabilitation type and can thus provide decision-making support. Current calculation methods differ clearly from each other in parts, so that substance classes determined by the different approaches are only partially comparable with each other. The objective of the German R\&D cooperation project 'SubKanS' is to develop a methodology for classifying the specific defect patterns resulting from the interaction of all the individual defects, and their severities and locations. The methodology takes into account the structural substance of sewer sections and manholes, based on real data and theoretical considerations analogous to the condition classification of individual defects. The result is a catalogue of defect patterns and characteristics, as well as associated structural substance classifications of sewer systems (substance classes). The methodology for sewer system substance classification is developed so that the classification of individual defects can be transferred into a substance class of the sewer section or manhole, eventually taking into account further information (e.g. pipe material, nominal diameter, etc.). The result is a validated methodology for automated sewer system substance classification.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Koehler2020,
  author    = {K{\"o}hler, Klemens},
  title     = {A conflict theory perspective of IT attacks - consequences for IT security education},
  number    = {Preprint},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Cyberspace is "the environment formed by physical and non-physical components to store, modify, and exchange data using computer networks" (NATO CCDCOE). Beyond that, it is an environment where people interact. IT attacks are hostile, non-cooperative interactions that can be described with conflict theory. Applying conflict theory to IT security leads to different objectives for end-user education, requiring different formats like agency-based competence developing games.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{JildehKirchnerOberlaenderetal.2020,
  author    = {Jildeh, Zaid B. and Kirchner, Patrick and Oberl{\"a}nder, Jan and Vahidpour, Farnoosh and Wagner, Patrick H. and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef},
  title     = {Development of a package-sterilization process for aseptic filling machines: A numerical approach and validation for surface treatment with hydrogen peroxide},
  series = {Sensor and Actuators A: Physical},
  volume    = {303},
  journal   = {Sensor and Actuators A: Physical},
  number    = {111691},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0924-4247},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.sna.2019.111691},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Within the present work a sterilization process by a heated gas mixture that contains hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is validated by experiments and numerical modeling techniques. The operational parameters that affect the sterilization efficacy are described alongside the two modes of sterilization: gaseous and condensed H₂O₂. Measurements with a previously developed H₂O₂ gas sensor are carried out to validate the applied H₂O₂ gas concentration during sterilization. We performed microbiological tests at different H₂O₂ gas concentrations by applying an end-point method to carrier strips, which contain different inoculation loads of Geobacillus stearothermophilus spores. The analysis of the sterilization process of a pharmaceutical glass vial is performed by numerical modeling. The numerical model combines heat- and advection-diffusion mass transfer with vapor-pressure equations to predict the location of condensate formation and the concentration of H₂O₂ at the packaging surfaces by changing the gas temperature. For a sterilization process of 0.7 s, a H₂O₂ gas concentration above 4\% v/v is required to reach a log-count reduction above six. The numerical results showed the location of H₂O₂ condensate formation, which decreases with increasing sterilant-gas temperature. The model can be transferred to different gas nozzle- and packaging geometries to assure the absence of H₂O₂ residues.},
  language  = {en}
}