@inproceedings{MartinBergHardtetal.1979,
  author    = {Martin, S. and Berg, G. and Hardt, Arno and H{\"u}rlimann, W. and K{\"o}hler, M. and Meißberger, J. and Sagefka, T. and Schult, O. W. B.},
  title     = {First experience with the magnet spectrometer 'BIG KARL'},
  series = {Use of magnetic spectrometers in nuclear physics : proceedings of the Daresbury study weekend 10 - 11 March 1979},
  booktitle = {Use of magnetic spectrometers in nuclear physics : proceedings of the Daresbury study weekend 10 - 11 March 1979},
  editor    = {Sanderson, N. E.},
  publisher = {Daresbury Lab.},
  address   = {Daresbury},
  pages     = {38 -- 42},
  year      = {1979},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{BechstedtBergHackeretal.1995,
  author    = {Bechstedt, U. and Berg, Georg P. A. and Hacker, U. and Hardt, Arno and H{\"u}rlimann, W. and Maier, R. and Martin, S. and Meissburger, J. and R{\"o}mer, J. G. M. and Possen, P. von and Sagefka, T.},
  title     = {BIG KARL and COSY},
  series = {The art and science of magnet design. A Festschrift in honor of Klaus Halbach. Vol. 1},
  booktitle = {The art and science of magnet design. A Festschrift in honor of Klaus Halbach. Vol. 1},
  publisher = {Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. of California},
  address   = {Berkeley, CA.},
  pages     = {19 -- 28},
  year      = {1995},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HardtMartinMeissburgeretal.1978,
  author    = {Hardt, Arno and Martin, S. and Meißburger, J. and Retz, R. and Wimmer, J.},
  title     = {The cryopump system of the QQDDQ magnet spectrometer BIG KARL},
  series = {Vacuum},
  volume    = {28},
  journal   = {Vacuum},
  number    = {10-11},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1879-2715 (E-Journal); 0042-207X (Print)},
  doi       = {10.1016/S0042-207X(78)80026-8},
  pages     = {483},
  year      = {1978},
  abstract  = {Cryopumps without liquid nitrogen shielding are used to provide a vacuum of 10-6 torr in the spectrometer. The vacuum system is subdivided in three sections that can be separated by valves. The first section (scattering chamber) has a volume of 60 l, two rotation transmissions with 35 cm dia and a sliding seal that allows a rotation of 160° without deteriorating the vacuum. The second section includes the vacuum chambers inside the magnets with 6 × 80 cm cross-section and a length of 1200 cm. The third section (detector box) has a volume of 4300 l and contains a moveable detector system. The gas inside the detector with a pressure of 760 torr is separated from the vacuum by a 15 μm mylar foil with an area of 300 cm2. The detector box can be valved off by a valve with the dimension of 10 × 100 cm. The layout of system is given. The instrumentation and the interlock system are described. First experiences with this system are presented.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LueckGerlingPredel1989,
  author    = {L{\"u}ck, Reinhard and Gerling, Ulrich and Predel, Bruno},
  title     = {An entropy paradox of the association model},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Metallkunde : international journal of materials research and advanced techniques. Bd. 80, H. 4},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Metallkunde : international journal of materials research and advanced techniques. Bd. 80, H. 4},
  issn      = {0044-3093 ; 0179-4841},
  pages     = {270 -- 275},
  year      = {1989},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FischerDoerenJanke1981,
  author    = {Fischer, W. A. and D{\"o}ren, Horst-Peter and Janke, Dieter},
  title     = {Aluminium nitride probes for application in iron melts},
  series = {Archiv f{\"u}r das Eisenh{\"u}ttenwesen. 52 (1981), H. 3},
  journal   = {Archiv f{\"u}r das Eisenh{\"u}ttenwesen. 52 (1981), H. 3},
  issn      = {0003-8962},
  pages     = {91 -- 98},
  year      = {1981},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Doeren1988,
  author    = {D{\"o}ren, Horst-Peter},
  title     = {The examination of surfaces of cold rolled wire for gas-shielded arc-welding},
  series = {WAI/BISPA joint conference : proceedings. Joint conference of Wire Association International and the British Independent Steel Producers Association (WAI/BISPA) : 26 - 27. 09. 1988, Stratford-upon-Avon},
  booktitle = {WAI/BISPA joint conference : proceedings. Joint conference of Wire Association International and the British Independent Steel Producers Association (WAI/BISPA) : 26 - 27. 09. 1988, Stratford-upon-Avon},
  address   = {Guilford, Conn.},
  organization    = {Wire Association International},
  pages     = {102 -- 112},
  year      = {1988},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{HaissigDoerenStadler1981,
  author    = {Haissig, M. and D{\"o}ren, Horst-Peter and Stadler, P.},
  title     = {The horizontal continuous casting process of steel - a contribution to the economic production of unalloyed, alloyed and high alloyed steel},
  series = {VOEST-Alpine Continuous Casting Conference : 12.-15. 10.1981, Johannes-Keppler-Universit{\"a}t Linz},
  booktitle = {VOEST-Alpine Continuous Casting Conference : 12.-15. 10.1981, Johannes-Keppler-Universit{\"a}t Linz},
  address   = {Linz},
  pages     = {Vortrag 21},
  year      = {1981},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{PfundtVogelsangGerling1988,
  author    = {Pfundt, H. and Vogelsang, D. and Gerling, Ulrich},
  title     = {Calculation of the crust profile in aluminium reduction cells by thermal computer modelling},
  series = {Light metals 1989 : 118th annual meeting of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, Las Vegas, NV, Feb. 27 - Mar. 03. 1989},
  booktitle = {Light metals 1989 : 118th annual meeting of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, Las Vegas, NV, Feb. 27 - Mar. 03. 1989},
  publisher = {Minerals, Metals and Materials Soc.},
  address   = {Warrendale, Pa.},
  pages     = {371 -- 377},
  year      = {1988},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{CresserHaegerLeuchsetal.1982,
  author    = {Cresser, J. D. and H{\"a}ger, J. and Leuchs, G. and Rateike, Franz-Matthias and Walther, H.},
  title     = {Resonance fluorescence of atoms in strong monochromatic laser fields},
  series = {Dissipative systems in quantum optics. Ed. by Rodolfo Bonifacio. Topics in current physics. Vol. 27},
  booktitle = {Dissipative systems in quantum optics. Ed. by Rodolfo Bonifacio. Topics in current physics. Vol. 27},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-642-81719-9},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-642-81717-5_3},
  pages     = {21 -- 59},
  year      = {1982},
  abstract  = {The investigation of atomic resonance fluorescence has always been of special interest as a means for the determination of atomic parameters. In addition, information on the interaction mechanism between atoms and radiation can be obtained. In the standard fluorescence experiment the frequency distribution of the incident photons is larger than the natural width of the respective transition; as a consequence the correlation time in the photon-atom interaction is determined by the lifetime of the atoms in the excited state. With the development of lasers and especially of tunable dye lasers in recent years it became possible to study the case where the incident radiation has a spectral distribution which is narrower than the natural width. This corresponds to a correlation time of the incoming light wave which is much longer than the excited-state lifetime. In this chapter a survey of experiments on the resonance fluorescence of atoms in monochromatic laser fields will be given.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{PierHummenStellberg1996,
  author    = {Pier, Arnold and Hummen, J{\"o}rg and Stellberg, Michael},
  title     = {Surgical clip applicator},
  pages     = {16, 7, 2 S. : graph. Darst.},
  year      = {1996},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SommerGerlingPredel1984,
  author    = {Sommer, F. and Gerling, Ulrich and Predel, Bruno},
  title     = {Comments on 'On the evaluation of interchange energies and the equilibrium constant from mixing enthalpies of a regular associated solution' by S. Lele, G.V.S. Sastry, and P. Ramachandrarao = Kommentar zu 'Zur Berechnung der Wechselwirkungsenergien und der Gleichgewichtskonstanten aus Mischungsenthalpien in regul{\"a}ren assoziierten L{\"o}sungen' von S. Lele, G.V.S. Sastry und P. Ramachandrarao},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Metallkunde : international journal of materials research and advanced techniques. Bd. 75, H. 6},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Metallkunde : international journal of materials research and advanced techniques. Bd. 75, H. 6},
  issn      = {0044-3093 ; 0179-4841},
  pages     = {449 -- 454},
  year      = {1984},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GerlingPoolPredel1983,
  author    = {Gerling, Ulrich and Pool, M. J. and Predel, Bruno},
  title     = {A contribution to the associate model for binary liquid alloys = Ein Beitrag zum Assoziat-Modell f{\"u}r bin{\"a}re fl{\"u}ssige Legierungen},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Metallkunde : international journal of materials research and advanced techniques. Bd. 74, H. 9},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Metallkunde : international journal of materials research and advanced techniques. Bd. 74, H. 9},
  issn      = {0044-3093 ; 0179-4841},
  pages     = {616 -- 619},
  year      = {1983},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ArpshofenPoolSommeretal.1983,
  author    = {Arpshofen, Ingo and Pool, M. J. and Sommer, Ferdinand and Gerling, Ulrich and Predel, Bruno and Schultheiss, Emil},
  title     = {Determination of the integral mixing enthalpies in the Cu-Pd-Si liquid ternary alloy system at 1600 K},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Metallkunde : international journal of materials research and advanced techniques. Bd. 74, H. 1},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Metallkunde : international journal of materials research and advanced techniques. Bd. 74, H. 1},
  issn      = {0044-3093 ; 0179-4841},
  pages     = {25 -- 32},
  year      = {1983},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SommerGerlingPredel1984,
  author    = {Sommer, Ferdinand and Gerling, Ulrich and Predel, Bruno},
  title     = {On the evaluation of interchange energies and the equilibrium-constant from mixing enthalpies of a regular associated solution-comment},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Metallkunde : international journal of materials research and advanced techniques. Bd. 75, H. 11},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Metallkunde : international journal of materials research and advanced techniques. Bd. 75, H. 11},
  issn      = {0044-3093 ; 0179-4841},
  pages     = {898},
  year      = {1984},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MelissOesterwindVoss1975,
  author    = {Meliß, Michael and Oesterwind, Dieter and Voß, Alfred},
  title     = {Non-nuclear and non-fossil energy resources and their possibilities for future power generation},
  series = {Kerntechnik},
  volume    = {17},
  journal   = {Kerntechnik},
  number    = {7},
  publisher = {De Gruyter},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {0932-3902},
  doi       = {10.18419/opus-8093},
  pages     = {301 -- 306},
  year      = {1975},
  abstract  = {It must be stressed that the assessment of the exploitation possibilities of the energy resources discussed in this paper requires further studies. With this proviso, the situation can be provisionally summarised as follows: The total potential of known geothermal steam sources is only 64 GW. Geothermal energy could therefore only make a significant contribution to covering the worldwide power needs if we succeed in exploiting dry geothermal reservoirs. Exploitation of tidal energy is limited to a few geographically favourable locations. The power generation potential at these locations is only about 64 GW. An important drawback of tidal power is discontinuous power generation. Large scale exploitation of wind, wave and glacier energy, and of ocean heat, requires solution of a number of technological problems. The environmental effects of exploitation of these energy resources are to some extent of a qualitatively different nature from those of operation of fossil-fuel-fired and of nuclear power plants. The scanty knowledge in this area often results in these effects being underestimated. In any case, however, it would be deliberately misleading to postulate that any form of power generation is possible without some detrimental effects on the environment. It may be stated in conclusion that, owing to their small potential or to the as yet insufficiently advanced technological development, none of the energy resources discussed in this paper can make a significant contribution to the solution of middle-term energy supply problems, i.e., to a rapid replacement of mineral oil and natural gas.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{HellmannsHartungDilgeretal.2009,
  author    = {Hellmanns, Mark and Hartung, I. and Dilger, Klaus and B{\"o}hm, Stefan},
  title     = {Quality assurance of manual guided joining and welding devices},
  series = {Proceedings of the IIW International Conference on Advances in Welding and Allied Technologies : July 16 - 17, 2009, Singapore},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the IIW International Conference on Advances in Welding and Allied Technologies : July 16 - 17, 2009, Singapore},
  publisher = {International Institute of Welding},
  address   = {Roissy},
  isbn      = {9789810832605},
  pages     = {219 -- 222},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{GoldbachAment2010,
  author    = {Goldbach, Daniel and Ament, Christoph},
  title     = {Stabilized reversing with vehicle trailer combinations},
  series = {Crossing borders within the ABC : automation, biomedical engineering and computer science; proceedings; 55. IWK Internationales Wissenschaftliches Kolloquium; 13 - 17 September 2010, Ilmenau},
  booktitle = {Crossing borders within the ABC : automation, biomedical engineering and computer science; proceedings; 55. IWK Internationales Wissenschaftliches Kolloquium; 13 - 17 September 2010, Ilmenau},
  editor    = {Scharff, Peter},
  publisher = {Verl. ISLE},
  address   = {Ilmenau},
  organization    = {Technische Universit{\"a}t <Ilmenau> / Fakult{\"a}t f{\"u}r Informatik und Automatisierung},
  isbn      = {978-3-938843-53-6},
  pages     = {352 -- 357},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{HartungDilgerHellmannsetal.2009,
  author    = {Hartung, I. and Dilger, Klaus and Hellmanns, Mark and B{\"o}hme, Stefan},
  title     = {Repair of non-weldable steel structures to extend the life cycle},
  series = {Proceedings of the IIW International Conference on Advances in Welding and Allied Technologies : July 16 - 17, 2009, Singapore. (Welding in the world ; 53.2009, special issue)},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the IIW International Conference on Advances in Welding and Allied Technologies : July 16 - 17, 2009, Singapore. (Welding in the world ; 53.2009, special issue)},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin [u.a.]},
  organization    = {International Institute of Welding},
  isbn      = {978-981-08-3259-9},
  pages     = {569 -- 574},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{HellmannsBoehmDilger2008,
  author    = {Hellmanns, Mark and B{\"o}hm, Stefan and Dilger, Klaus},
  title     = {Weight and noise reduction in power transmissions through epoxy resin foams},
  series = {Proceedings of the 31st annual meeting of the Adhesion Society : 17. - 20.2.2008, Austin, Texas},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 31st annual meeting of the Adhesion Society : 17. - 20.2.2008, Austin, Texas},
  publisher = {Adhesion Society},
  address   = {Blacksburg},
  organization    = {Adhesion Society},
  pages     = {291 -- 293},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{HellmannsBoehmDilger2006,
  author    = {Hellmanns, Mark and B{\"o}hm, Stefan and Dilger, Klaus},
  title     = {Implementation of a velocity controlled manual applicator for adhesives and sealants in the automotive industry in consideration of quality control},
  series = {Proceedings of the 29th annual meeting of the Adhesion Society : 19. - 22.2.2006, Jacksonville, Florida},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 29th annual meeting of the Adhesion Society : 19. - 22.2.2006, Jacksonville, Florida},
  publisher = {Adhesion Society},
  address   = {Blacksburg, Va.},
  organization    = {Adhesion Society},
  issn      = {1086-9506},
  pages     = {68 -- 70},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HellmannsBoehmDilger2006,
  author    = {Hellmanns, Mark and B{\"o}hm, Stefan and Dilger, Klaus},
  title     = {Manual applications of adhesives},
  series = {Journal of adhesion and interface},
  volume    = {Vol. 7},
  journal   = {Journal of adhesion and interface},
  number    = {No. 4},
  pages     = {24 -- 27},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{HellmannsBoehmDilger2006,
  author    = {Hellmanns, Mark and B{\"o}hm, Stefan and Dilger, Klaus},
  title     = {Progress of the manual application of adhesives},
  series = {Proceedings of the 3rd World Congress on Adhesion and Related Phenomena : WCARP-III, October 15 -18, 2006, Beijing, China},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd World Congress on Adhesion and Related Phenomena : WCARP-III, October 15 -18, 2006, Beijing, China},
  publisher = {Beijing Adhesion Society of China},
  address   = {Beijing},
  pages     = {275 -- 277},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{BoehmHellmannsBackesetal.2006,
  author    = {B{\"o}hm, Stefan and Hellmanns, Mark and Backes, Andreas and Dilger, Klaus},
  title     = {Lock-in thermography based NDT of automotive parts},
  series = {Proceedings of the 3rd World Congress on Adhesion and Related Phenomena : WCARP-III, October 15 -18, 2006, Beijing, China},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd World Congress on Adhesion and Related Phenomena : WCARP-III, October 15 -18, 2006, Beijing, China},
  publisher = {Beijing Adhesion Society of China},
  address   = {Beijing},
  pages     = {382 -- 384},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BoehmHellmannsBackesetal.2006,
  author    = {B{\"o}hm, Stefan and Hellmanns, Mark and Backes, Andreas and Dilger, Klaus},
  title     = {Lock-in thermography based NDT of parts for the automotive industry},
  series = {Journal of adhesion and interface},
  volume    = {Vol. 7},
  journal   = {Journal of adhesion and interface},
  number    = {No. 4},
  pages     = {10 -- 12},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{StollenwerkKuvarakulKuperjans2013,
  author    = {Stollenwerk, Dominik and Kuvarakul, T. and Kuperjans, Isabel},
  title     = {Renewable energy supply for power dominated, energy intense production processes - a systematic conversion approach for the anodizing process},
  series = {IOP conference series: Earth and environmental science (EES)},
  volume    = {Vol. 16},
  booktitle = {IOP conference series: Earth and environmental science (EES)},
  number    = {H. 1},
  issn      = {1755-1315},
  pages     = {012142/1 -- 012142/4},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SabitovaEbertLenzetal.2013,
  author    = {Sabitova, A. and Ebert, Ph. and Lenz, A. and Schaafhausen, S. and Ivanova, L. and D{\"a}hne, M. and Hoffmann, A. and Dunin-Borkowski, R. E. and F{\"o}rster, Arnold and Grandidier, B. and Eisele, H.},
  title     = {Intrinsic bandgap of cleaved ZnO(112¯0) surfaces},
  series = {Applied physics letters},
  volume    = {Vol. 102},
  journal   = {Applied physics letters},
  issn      = {1077-3118 (E-Journal); 0003-6951 (Print)},
  pages     = {021608},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{TakenagaHerreraWerneretal.2013,
  author    = {Takenaga, Shoko and Herrera, Cony F. and Werner, Frederik and Biselli, Manfred and Schnitzler, Thomas and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and {\"O}hlschl{\"a}ger, Peter and Wagner, Torsten},
  title     = {Detection of the metabolic activity of cells by differential measurements based on a single light-addressable potentiometric sensor chip},
  series = {11. Dresdner Sensor-Symposium : 9.-11.12.2013},
  booktitle = {11. Dresdner Sensor-Symposium : 9.-11.12.2013},
  organization    = {Dresdner Sensor-Symposium <11, 2013>},
  isbn      = {978-3-9813484-5-3},
  pages     = {63 -- 67},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{FeldhusenBrezingPuetzetal.2010,
  author    = {Feldhusen, J{\"o}rg and Brezing, Alexander Nikolaus and P{\"u}tz, Claus and W{\"a}hlisch, Georg},
  title     = {Multi-system CAD-teaching in large classes},
  series = {When design education and design research meet : proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim, Norway, 2nd - 3rd September 2010 ; [E\&PDE]},
  booktitle = {When design education and design research meet : proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim, Norway, 2nd - 3rd September 2010 ; [E\&PDE]},
  publisher = {Design Society},
  address   = {Glasgow},
  organization    = {International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education <12, 2010, Trondheim>},
  isbn      = {978-1-904670-19-3},
  pages     = {204 -- 209},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KumaranGopinathanRazalietal.2013,
  author    = {Kumaran, P. and Gopinathan, M. and Razali, N. M. and Kuperjans, Isabel and Hariffin, B. and Hamdan, H.},
  title     = {Preliminary evaluation of atomization characteristics of improved biodiesel for gas turbine application},
  series = {IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (EES)},
  volume    = {16},
  booktitle = {IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (EES)},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Institute of Physics Publishing (IOP)},
  address   = {London [u.a.]},
  issn      = {1755-1315},
  doi       = {10.1088/1755-1315/16/1/012014},
  pages     = {012014/1 -- 012014/4},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{RensFerreinPoel2008,
  author    = {Rens, Gavin and Ferrein, Alexander and Poel, Etienne van der},
  title     = {Extending DTGolog to deal with POMD-Ps},
  series = {Proceedings of the Nineteenth Annual Symposium of the Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (PRASA 2008)},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Nineteenth Annual Symposium of the Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (PRASA 2008)},
  organization    = {Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa},
  pages     = {49 -- 54},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AlebouyehSamamiPieperBreitbachetal.2014,
  author    = {Alebouyeh Samami, Behzad and Pieper, Martin and Breitbach, Gerd and Hodapp, Josef},
  title     = {Heat production in the windings of the stators of electric machines under stationary condition},
  series = {Heat and mass transfer},
  volume    = {50},
  journal   = {Heat and mass transfer},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Heidelberg},
  issn      = {0947-7411 (Print) ; 1432-1181 (E-Journal)},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00231-014-1371-8},
  pages     = {1707 -- 1716},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {In electric machines due to high currents and resistive losses (joule heating) heat is produced. To avoid damages by overheating the design of effective cooling systems is required. Therefore the knowledge of heat sources and heat transfer processes is necessary. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate a good and effective calculation method for the temperature analysis based on homogenization techniques. These methods have been applied for the stator windings in a slot of an electric machine consisting of copper wires and resin. The key quantity here is an effective thermal conductivity, which characterizes the heterogeneous wire resin-arrangement inside the stator slot. To illustrate the applicability of the method, the analysis of a simplified, homogenized model is compared with the detailed analysis of temperature behavior inside a slot of an electric machine according to the heat generation. We considered here only the stationary situation. The achieved numerical results are accurate and show that the applied homogenization technique works in practice. Finally the results of simulations for the two cases, the original model of the slot and the homogenized model chosen for the slot (unit cell), are compared to experimental results.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{AugensteinKuperjansLucas2002,
  author    = {Augenstein, Eckardt and Kuperjans, Isabel and Lucas, K.},
  title     = {EUSEBIA - Decision-Support-System for Technical, Economical and Ecological Design and Evaluation of Industrial Energy Systems},
  series = {ECOS 2002 : proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Efficiency, Costs, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems, Berlin, Germany July 3 - 5, 2002. - Vol. 1},
  booktitle = {ECOS 2002 : proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Efficiency, Costs, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems, Berlin, Germany July 3 - 5, 2002. - Vol. 1},
  editor    = {Tsatsaronis,, Georgios},
  publisher = {Techn. Univ., Inst. for Energy Engineering},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {3-00-009533-0},
  pages     = {446 -- 453},
  year      = {2002},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{AugensteinHerbergsKuperjansetal.2005,
  author    = {Augenstein, Eckardt and Herbergs, S. and Kuperjans, Isabel and Lucas, K.},
  title     = {Simulation of industrial energy supply systems with integrated cost optimization},
  series = {Proceedings of ECOS 2005, the 18th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation, and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems : Trondheim, Norway, June 20 - 22, 2005. - Vol. 2},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of ECOS 2005, the 18th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation, and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems : Trondheim, Norway, June 20 - 22, 2005. - Vol. 2},
  editor    = {Kjelstrup, Signe},
  publisher = {Tapir Academic Press},
  address   = {Trondheim},
  isbn      = {82-519-2041-8},
  pages     = {627 -- 634},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MarxSchenkBehrensetal.2013,
  author    = {Marx, Ulrich and Schenk, Friedrich and Behrens, Jan and Meyr, Ulrike and Wanek, Paul and Zang, Werner and Schmitt, Robert and Br{\"u}stle, Oliver and Zenke, Martin and Klocke, Fritz},
  title     = {Automatic production of induced pluripotent stem cells},
  series = {Procedia CIRP : First CIRP Conference on BioManufacturing},
  volume    = {Vol. 5},
  journal   = {Procedia CIRP : First CIRP Conference on BioManufacturing},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {2212-8271},
  pages     = {2 -- 6},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{PieperSchulz2014,
  author    = {Pieper, Martin and Schulz, Silvia},
  title     = {Teaching Simulation Methods with COMSOL Multiphysics},
  organization    = {COMSOL Conference <2014, Cambridge>},
  pages     = {7},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {This paper describes two courses on simulation methods for graduate students: "Simulation Methods" and "Simulation and Optimization in Virtual Engineering" The courses were planned to teach young engineers how to work with simulation software as well as to understand the necessary mathematical background. As simulation software COMSOL is used. The main philosophy was to combine theory and praxis in a way that motivates the students. In addition "soft skills" should be improved. This was achieved by project work as final examination. As underlying didactical principle the ideas of Bloom's revised taxonomy were followed. The paper basically focusses on educational aspects, e.g. how to structure the course, plan the exercises, organize the project work and include practical COMSOL examples.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{WetterKern2014,
  author    = {Wetter, Martin and Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Number of lightning strikes to tall structures - comparison of calculations and measurements using a modern lightning monitoring system},
  series = {2014 International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP), Shanghai, China},
  booktitle = {2014 International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP), Shanghai, China},
  organization    = {International Conference on Lightning Protection <2014, Shanghai>},
  pages     = {1 -- 7},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KernSchelthoffMathieu2012,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Schelthoff, Christof and Mathieu, Moritz},
  title     = {Calculation of interception efficiencies for mesh-type air-terminations according to IEC 62305-3 using a dynamic electro-geometrical model},
  series = {International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP) : 2 - 7 Sept. 2012, Vienna},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP) : 2 - 7 Sept. 2012, Vienna},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {Piscataway, NJ},
  organization    = {International Conference on Lightning Protection <2012, Wien>},
  isbn      = {978-1-4673-1896-9 (E-Book) ; 978-1-4673-1898-3 (Print)},
  pages     = {1 -- 6},
  year      = {2012},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SrivastavaLahiriMaitietal.2014,
  author    = {Srivastava, A. and Lahiri, S. and Maiti, M. and Knolle, F. and Hoyler, Friedrich and Scherer, Ulrich W. and Schnug, E. W.},
  title     = {Study of naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) in top soil of Punjab State from the North Western part of India},
  series = {Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry},
  volume    = {2014},
  journal   = {Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry},
  number    = {302},
  publisher = {Springer Nature},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {1588-2780 (E-Journal); 0022-4081 (Print); 0134-0719 (Print); 0236-5731 (Print); 1417-2097 (Print)},
  doi       = {0.1007/s10967-014-3450-1},
  pages     = {1049 -- 1052},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{ReyesOchoa2014,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Reyes Ochoa, Leonel},
  title     = {Engineering aspects of a parabolic trough collector field with direct steam generation and an organic rankine cycle},
  publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen},
  address   = {Aachen},
  pages     = {X, 72 S.},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{LoPiparoKernMazzetti2012,
  author    = {Lo Piparo, G. B. and Kern, Alexander and Mazzetti, C.},
  title     = {Some masterpoints about risk due to lightning},
  series = {International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP) : 2 - 7 Sept. 2012, Vienna},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP) : 2 - 7 Sept. 2012, Vienna},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {Piscataway, NJ},
  organization    = {International Conference on Lightning Protection <2012, Wien>},
  isbn      = {978-1-4673-1896-9 (E-Book) ; 978-1-4673-1898-3 (Print)},
  pages     = {1 -- 6},
  year      = {2012},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{RousseauKern2014,
  author    = {Rousseau, Alain and Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {How to deal with environmental risk in IEC 62305-2},
  series = {2014 International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP), Shanghai, China},
  booktitle = {2014 International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP), Shanghai, China},
  organization    = {International Conference on Lightning Protection <2014, Shanghai>},
  pages     = {521 -- 527},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {The 2nd edition of the lightning risk management standard (IEC 62305-2) considers structures, which may endanger environment. In these cases, the loss is not limited to the structure itself, which is valid for usual structures. In the past (Edition 1) this danger was simply taken into account by a special hazard factor, multiplying the existing risk for the structure with a number. Now, in the edition 2, we add to the risk for the structure itself a "second risk" due to the losses outside the structure. The losses outside can be treated independently from what occurs inside. This is a major advantage to analyze the risk for sensitive structures, like chemical plants, nuclear plants, or structures containing explosives, etc. In this paper, the existing procedure given by the European version EN 62305-2 Ed.2 is further developed and applied to a few structures.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KernBraun2014,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Braun, Christian},
  title     = {Risk management according to IEC 62305-2 edition 2: 2010-12 assessment of structures with a risk of explosion},
  series = {2014 International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP), Shanghai, China},
  booktitle = {2014 International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP), Shanghai, China},
  organization    = {International Conference on Lightning Protection <2014, Shanghai>},
  pages     = {1237 -- 1242},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Risk management for structures with a risk of explosion should be considered very carefully when performing a risk analysis according to IEC 62305-2. In contrast to the 2006 edition of the standard, the 2010 edition describes the topic "Structures with a risk of explosion" in more detail. Moreover, in Germany separate procedures and parameters are defined for the risk analysis of structures with a risk of explosion (Supplement 3 of the German DIN EN 62305-2 standard). This paper describes the contents and the relevant calculations of this Supplement 3, together with a numerical example.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KernKrichelMueller2001,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Krichel, Frank and M{\"u}ller, Klaus-Peter},
  title     = {Lightning protection design of a renewable energy hybrid-system without power mains connection},
  year      = {2001},
  abstract  = {In the year 2000 a direct lightning strike to the hybridsystem without power mains connection VATALI on the Greek island Crete results in the destruction and damage of some mechanical and electrical components. The hybrid-system VATALI was not lightning protected at that time. The hardware damage costs are approx. 60,000 €. The exposed site of the hybrid-system on top of a mountain was and still is the reason for a high risk of lightning strikes. Also in the future further lightning strikes have to be taken into consideration. In the paper a fundamental lightning protection design concept for renewable energy hybrid-systems without power mains connection and protection measures against direct strikes and overvoltages are shown in detail. The design concept was realized exemplarily for the hybrid-system VATALI. The hardware costs for the protection measures were about 15,000 €. About 50\% of the costs are due to protection measures against direct strikes, 50\% are due to overvoltage protection. Future extensions, new installations, or modifications have to be included into the lightning protection design concept of the hybrid-system.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ZischankKernFrentzeletal.2000,
  author    = {Zischank, Wolfgang J. and Kern, Alexander and Frentzel, Ralf and Heidler, Fridolin and Seevers, M.},
  title     = {Assessment of the lightning transient coupling to control cables interconnecting structures in large industrial facilities and power plants},
  year      = {2000},
  abstract  = {Large industrial facilities and power plants often require a huge number fo information and control cables between the differnet structures. These I\&C-cables can be routed in reinforced concrete cable ducts or in isolated buried cable runs. KTA 2206 is the German lightning protection standard for nuclear power plants. During the last several years considerable effort has been made to revise this standard. Despite the well established principles and design guidelines for the construction of the lightning protection system, this standard puts special emphasis on the coupling of transient overvoltages to I\&C-cables.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{SurteesGillespieKernetal.2004,
  author    = {Surtees, A. J. and Gillespie, A. and Kern, Alexander and Rousseau, A.},
  title     = {DEVELOPMENT OF A RISK ASSESSMENT CALCULATOR BASED ON A SIMPLIFIED FORM OF THE IEC 62305-2 STANDARD ON LIGHTNING PROTECTION},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Neue Blitzschutznorm IEC 62305. Entwicklung einer einfachen Software zur Risikoabw{\"a}gung},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KernHeidlerSeeversetal.2004,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Heidler, Fridolin and Seevers, M. and Zischank, Wolfgang J.},
  title     = {Magnetic Fields and Induced Voltages in case of a Direct Strike - Comparison of Results obtained from Measurements at a Scaled Building to those of IEC 62305-4},
  isbn      = {0304-3886},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {In the paper the results obtained from experiments at a modelled reinforced building in case of a direct lightning strike are compared with calculations. The comparison includes peak values of the magnetic field Hmax, its derivative (dH/dt)max and of induced voltages umax in typical cable routings. The experiments are performed at a 1:6 scaled building and the results are extrapolated using the similarity relations theory. The calculations are based on the approximate formulae given in IEC 62305-4 and have to be supplemented by a rough estimation of the additional shielding effect of a second reinforcement layer. The comparison shows, that the measured peak values of the magnetic field and its derivative are mostly lower than the calculated. The induced voltages are in good agreement. Hence, calculations of the induced voltages based on IEC 62305-4 are a good method for lightning protection studies of buildings, where the reinforcement is used as a grid-like electromagnetic shield.},
  subject      = {Blitz},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ZischankHeidlerWiesingeretal.2004,
  author    = {Zischank, Wolfgang J. and Heidler, Fridolin and Wiesinger, J. and Stimper, K. and Kern, Alexander and Seevers, M.},
  title     = {Magnetic Fields and Induced Voltages inside LPZ 1 Measured at a 1:6 Scale Model Building},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Laborexperimente zu Blitzschutzzonen in Stahlbetongeb{\"a}uden anhand eines Modells im Maßstab 1:6},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{DarvenizaFlisowskiKernetal.2002,
  author    = {Darveniza, M. and Flisowski, Z. and Kern, Alexander and Landers, E.-U. and LoPiparo, G. and Mazzetti, C. and Rousseau, A. and Sherlock, J.},
  title     = {Application problems of the probabilistic approach to the assessment of risk for structures and services},
  year      = {2002},
  abstract  = {The paper deals with the development of the probabilistic approach to the assessment of risk due to lightning. Sources of damage, types of damage and types of loss are defined and, accordingly, the procedure for risk analysis and the way of assessment of different risk components is proposed. The way to evaluate the influence of different protection measures (lightning protection system; shielding of structure, cables and equipment; routing of internal wiring; surge protective device) in reducing such probabilities is considered. The paper has been prepared within the framework of the activity of IEC TC81-WG9/CLC TC81-WG4 directed to prepare the draft IEC 62305-2 Risk Management, in cooperation with the Secretary of IEC/CLC TC81.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KernKrichel2002,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Krichel, Frank},
  title     = {Considerations about the lightning protection system of mains independent renewable energy hybrid-systems - practical experiences},
  year      = {2002},
  abstract  = {In the paper a lightning protection design concept for renewable energy hybrid-systems without power mains connection is described. Based on a risk analysis protection measures against direct strikes and overvoltages are shown in an overview. The design concept is realized exemplarily for the hybrid-system VATALI on the Greek island Crete. VATALI, not lightning protected at that time, was a victim of a lightning strike in the year 2000 causing destructions and damages of some mechanical and electrical components with costs of approx. 60.000 €. The hardware costs for the protection measures were about 15.000 €: about 50\% of the costs are due to protection measures against direct strikes, 50\% are due to overvoltage protection.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ZischankHeidlerKernetal.2002,
  author    = {Zischank, Wolfgang J. and Heidler, Fridolin and Kern, Alexander and Metwally, I. A. and Wiesinger, J. and Seevers, M.},
  title     = {Laboratory simulation of direct lightning strokes to a modelled building - measurement of magnetic fields and induced voltages},
  year      = {2002},
  abstract  = {In IEC 61312-2 equations for the assessment of the magnetic fields inside structures due to a direct lightning strike are given. These equations are based on computer simulations for shields consisting of a single-layer steel grid of a given mesh width. Real constructions, however, contain at least two layers of reinforcement steel grids. The objective of this study was to experimentally determine the additional shielding effectiveness of a second reinforcement layer compared to a single-layer grid. To this end, simulated structures were set up in the high current laboratory. The structures consisted of cubic cages of 2 m side length with one or with two reinforcement grids, respectively. The structures were exposed to direct lightning currents representing the variety of anticipated lightning current waveforms. The magnetic fields and their derivatives at several positions inside the structure as well as the voltage between "floor" and "roof" in the center were determined for different current injection points. From these data the improvement of the shielding caused by a second reinforcement layer is derived.},
  language  = {en}
}