@article{FunkeBeckmannKeinzetal.2016,
  author    = {Funke, Harald and Beckmann, Nils and Keinz, Jan and Abanteriba, Sylvester},
  title     = {Comparison of Numerical Combustion Models for Hydrogen and Hydrogen-Rich Syngas Applied for Dry-Low-NOx-Micromix-Combustion},
  series = {ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition Volume 4A: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions Seoul, South Korea, June 13-17, 2016},
  journal   = {ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition Volume 4A: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions Seoul, South Korea, June 13-17, 2016},
  publisher = {ASME},
  address   = {New York, NY},
  isbn      = {978-0-7918-4975-0},
  doi       = {10.1115/GT2016-56430},
  pages     = {12},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The Dry-Low-NOₓ (DLN) Micromix combustion technology has been developed as low emission combustion principle for industrial gas turbines fueled with hydrogen or syngas. The combustion process is based on the phenomenon of jet-in-crossflow-mixing. Fuel is injected perpendicular into the air-cross-flow and burned in a multitude of miniaturized, diffusion-like flames. The miniaturization of the flames leads to a significant reduction of NOₓ emissions due to the very short residence time of reactants in the flame. In the Micromix research approach, CFD analyses are validated towards experimental results. The combination of numerical and experimental methods allows an efficient design and optimization of DLN Micromix combustors concerning combustion stability and low NOₓ emissions. The paper presents a comparison of several numerical combustion models for hydrogen and hydrogen-rich syngas. They differ in the complexity of the underlying reaction mechanism and the associated computational effort. For pure hydrogen combustion a one-step global reaction is applied using a hybrid Eddy-Break-up model that incorporates finite rate kinetics. The model is evaluated and compared to a detailed hydrogen combustion mechanism derived by Li et al. including 9 species and 19 reversible elementary reactions. Based on this mechanism, reduction of the computational effort is achieved by applying the Flamelet Generated Manifolds (FGM) method while the accuracy of the detailed reaction scheme is maintained. For hydrogen-rich syngas combustion (H₂-CO) numerical analyses based on a skeletal H₂/CO reaction mechanism derived by Hawkes et al. and a detailed reaction mechanism provided by Ranzi et al. are performed. The comparison between combustion models and the validation of numerical results is based on exhaust gas compositions available from experimental investigation on DLN Micromix combustors. The conducted evaluation confirms that the applied detailed combustion mechanisms are able to predict the general physics of the DLN-Micromix combustion process accurately. The Flamelet Generated Manifolds method proved to be generally suitable to reduce the computational effort while maintaining the accuracy of detailed chemistry. Especially for reaction mechanisms with a high number of species accuracy and computational effort can be balanced using the FGM model.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FunkeBeckmannKeinzetal.2018,
  author    = {Funke, Harald and Beckmann, Nils and Keinz, Jan and Abanteriba, Sylvester},
  title     = {Comparison of Numerical Combustion Models for Hydrogen and Hydrogen-Rich Syngas Applied for Dry-Low-Nox-Micromix-Combustion},
  series = {Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power},
  volume    = {140},
  journal   = {Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {ASME},
  address   = {New York, NY},
  issn      = {0742-4795},
  doi       = {10.1115/1.4038882},
  pages     = {9 Seiten},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The Dry-Low-NOx (DLN) Micromix combustion technology has been developed as low emission combustion principle for industrial gas turbines fueled with hydrogen or syngas. The combustion process is based on the phenomenon of jet-in-crossflow-mixing (JICF). Fuel is injected perpendicular into the air-cross-flow and burned in a multitude of miniaturized, diffusion-like flames. The miniaturization of the flames leads to a significant reduction of NOx emissions due to the very short residence time of reactants in the flame. In the Micromix research approach, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyses are validated toward experimental results. The combination of numerical and experimental methods allows an efficient design and optimization of DLN Micromix combustors concerning combustion stability and low NOx emissions. The paper presents a comparison of several numerical combustion models for hydrogen and hydrogen-rich syngas. They differ in the complexity of the underlying reaction mechanism and the associated computational effort. The performance of a hybrid eddy-break-up (EBU) model with a one-step global reaction is compared to a complex chemistry model and a flamelet generated manifolds (FGM) model, both using detailed reaction schemes for hydrogen or syngas combustion. Validation of numerical results is based on exhaust gas compositions available from experimental investigation on DLN Micromix combustors. The conducted evaluation confirms that the applied detailed combustion mechanisms are able to predict the general physics of the DLN-Micromix combustion process accurately. The FGM method proved to be generally suitable to reduce the computational effort while maintaining the accuracy of detailed chemistry.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FunkeBeckmannKeinzetal.2019,
  author    = {Funke, Harald and Beckmann, Nils and Keinz, Jan and Abanteriba, Sylvester},
  title     = {Numerical and Experimental Evaluation of a Dual-Fuel Dry-Low-NOx Micromix Combustor for Industrial Gas Turbine Applications},
  series = {Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {ASME},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {19485085},
  doi       = {10.1115/1.4041495},
  pages     = {011015},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FunkeBeckmannAbanteriba2019,
  author    = {Funke, Harald and Beckmann, Nils and Abanteriba, Sylvester},
  title     = {An overview on dry low NOx micromix combustor development for hydrogen-rich gas turbine applications},
  series = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
  volume    = {44},
  journal   = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
  number    = {13},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0360-3199},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.01.161},
  pages     = {6978 -- 6990},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FunkeBeckmann2022,
  author    = {Funke, Harald and Beckmann, Nils},
  title     = {Flexible fuel operation of a Dry-Low-NOx Micromix Combustor with Variable Hydrogen Methane Mixture},
  series = {International Journal of Gas Turbine, Propulsion and Power Systems},
  volume    = {13},
  journal   = {International Journal of Gas Turbine, Propulsion and Power Systems},
  number    = {2},
  issn      = {1882-5079},
  pages     = {1 -- 7},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {The role of hydrogen (H2) as a carbon-free energy carrier is discussed since decades for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. As bridge technology towards a hydrogen-based energy supply, fuel mixtures of natural gas or methane (CH4) and hydrogen are possible. The paper presents the first test results of a low-emission Micromix combustor designed for flexible-fuel operation with variable H2/CH4 mixtures. The numerical and experimental approach for considering variable fuel mixtures instead of recently investigated pure hydrogen is described. In the experimental studies, a first generation FuelFlex Micromix combustor geometry is tested at atmospheric pressure at gas turbine operating conditions corresponding to part- and full-load. The H2/CH4 fuel mixture composition is varied between 57 and 100 vol.\% hydrogen content. Despite the challenges flexible-fuel operation poses onto the design of a combustion system, the evaluated FuelFlex Micromix prototype shows a significant low NOx performance},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FrankeBosisNapoli2001,
  author    = {Franke, Thomas and Bosis, R. and Napoli, M.-D.},
  title     = {{\"U}ber das Internet steuerbarer Gebl{\"a}sepr{\"u}fstand mit einstellbaren Eintrittsleitschaufeln},
  series = {Virtuelle Instrumente in der Praxis : Begleitband zum Kongreß VIP 2001 / Rahman Jamal ; Hans Jaschinski},
  journal   = {Virtuelle Instrumente in der Praxis : Begleitband zum Kongreß VIP 2001 / Rahman Jamal ; Hans Jaschinski},
  publisher = {H{\"u}thig Verlag},
  address   = {Heidelberg [u.a.]},
  isbn      = {3-7785-2829-7},
  pages     = {219 -- 225},
  year      = {2001},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{FornaciariGuidettiHavermannetal.2010,
  author    = {Fornaciari, Andrea and Guidetti, Marco and Havermann, Marc and Lettini, Antonio},
  title     = {Maccine mobili pi{\`u} efficienti},
  series = {Fluidotecnica},
  journal   = {Fluidotecnica},
  number    = {345},
  publisher = {Quine Business Publisher},
  address   = {Milano},
  pages     = {11 -- 14},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Secondo le attuali normative tutte le macchine mobili, entro il 2012, dovranno essere soggette a un incremento di efficienza energetica. Un'evoluzione del sistema idraulico potr{\`a} contribuire in maniera significativa al miglioramento richiesto. Elettronica e idraulica sempre pi{\`u} protagoniste.},
  language  = {it}
}
@article{FischerKowalskiPudasainietal.2009,
  author    = {Fischer, Jan-Thomas and Kowalski, Julia and Pudasaini, Shiva P. and Miller, S. A.},
  title     = {Dynamic Avalanche Modeling in Natural Terrain},
  series = {International Snow Science Workshop, Davos 2009, Proceedings ; Proc. ISSW 2009},
  journal   = {International Snow Science Workshop, Davos 2009, Proceedings ; Proc. ISSW 2009},
  pages     = {448 -- 452},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {The powerful avalanche simulation toolbox RAMMS (Rapid Mass Movements) is based on a depth-averaged hydrodynamic system of equations with a Voellmy-Salm friction relation. The two empirical friction parameters μ and � correspond to a dry Coulomb friction and a viscous resistance, respectively. Although μ and � lack a proper physical explanation, 60 years of acquired avalanche data in the Swiss Alps made a systematic calibration possible. RAMMS can therefore successfully model avalanche flow depth, velocities, impact pressure and run out distances. Pudasaini and Hutter (2003) have proposed extended, rigorously derived model equations that account for local curvature and twist. A coordinate transformation into a reference system, applied to the actual mountain topography of the natural avalanche path, is performed. The local curvature and the twist of the avalanche path induce an additional term in the overburden pressure. This leads to a modification of the Coulomb friction, the free-surface pressure gradient, the pressure induced by the channel, and the gravity components along and normal to the curved and twisted reference surface. This eventually guides the flow dynamics and deposits of avalanches. In the present study, we investigate the influence of curvature on avalanche flow in real mountain terrain. Simulations of real avalanche paths are performed and compared for the different models approaches. An algorithm to calculate curvature in real terrain is introduced in RAMMS. This leads to a curvature dependent friction relation in an extended version of the Voellmy-Salm model equations. Our analysis provides yet another step in interpreting the physical meaning and significance of the friction parameters used in the RAMMS computational environment.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FischerKowalskiPudasaini2012,
  author    = {Fischer, Jan-Thomas and Kowalski, Julia and Pudasaini, Shiva P.},
  title     = {Topographic curvature effects in applied avalanche modelling},
  series = {Cold Regions Science and Technology},
  volume    = {74-75},
  journal   = {Cold Regions Science and Technology},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1872-7441},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.coldregions.2012.01.005},
  pages     = {21 -- 30},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {This paper describes the implementation of topographic curvature effects within the RApid Mass MovementS (RAMMS) snow avalanche simulation toolbox. RAMMS is based on a model similar to shallow water equations with a Coulomb friction relation and the velocity dependent Voellmy drag. It is used for snow avalanche risk assessment in Switzerland. The snow avalanche simulation relies on back calculation of observed avalanches. The calibration of the friction parameters depends on characteristics of the avalanche track. The topographic curvature terms are not yet included in the above mentioned classical model. Here, we fundamentally improve this model by mathematically and physically including the topographic curvature effects. By decomposing the velocity dependent friction into a topography dependent term that accounts for a curvature enhancement in the Coulomb friction, and a topography independent contribution similar to the classical Voellmy drag, we construct a general curvature dependent frictional resistance, and thus propose new extended model equations. With three site-specific examples, we compare the apparent frictional resistance of the new approach, which includes topographic curvature effects, to the classical one. Our simulation results demonstrate substantial effects of the curvature on the flow dynamics e.g., the dynamic pressure distribution along the slope. The comparison of resistance coefficients between the two models demonstrates that the physically based extension presents an improvement to the classical approach. Furthermore a practical example highlights its influence on the pressure outline in the run out zone of the avalanche. Snow avalanche dynamics modeling natural terrain curvature centrifugal force friction coefficients.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FingerGoettenBraunetal.2020,
  author    = {Finger, Felix and G{\"o}tten, Falk and Braun, Carsten and Bil, Cees},
  title     = {Mass, primary energy, and cost: the impact of optimization objectives on the initial sizing of hybrid-electric general aviation aircraft},
  series = {CEAS Aeronautical Journal},
  volume    = {2020},
  journal   = {CEAS Aeronautical Journal},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Heidelberg},
  issn      = {1869-5590},
  doi       = {10.1007/s13272-020-00449-8},
  pages     = {713 -- 730},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {For short take-off and landing (STOL) aircraft, a parallel hybrid-electric propulsion system potentially offers superior performance compared to a conventional propulsion system, because the short-take-off power requirement is much higher than the cruise power requirement. This power-matching problem can be solved with a balanced hybrid propulsion system. However, there is a trade-off between wing loading, power loading, the level of hybridization, as well as range and take-off distance. An optimization method can vary design variables in such a way that a minimum of a particular objective is attained. In this paper, a comparison between the optimization results for minimum mass, minimum consumed primary energy, and minimum cost is conducted. A new initial sizing algorithm for general aviation aircraft with hybrid-electric propulsion systems is applied. This initial sizing methodology covers point performance, mission performance analysis, the weight estimation process, and cost estimation. The methodology is applied to the design of a STOL general aviation aircraft, intended for on-demand air mobility operations. The aircraft is sized to carry eight passengers over a distance of 500 km, while able to take off and land from short airstrips. Results indicate that parallel hybrid-electric propulsion systems must be considered for future STOL aircraft.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FingerGoetten2019,
  author    = {Finger, Felix and G{\"o}tten, Falk},
  title     = {Neue Ans{\"a}tze f{\"u}r die Entwicklung von unbemannten Flugger{\"a}ten},
  series = {Ingenieurspiegel},
  volume    = {2019},
  journal   = {Ingenieurspiegel},
  number    = {1},
  isbn      = {1868-5919},
  pages     = {67 -- 68},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Wie sieht das unbemannte Flugzeug von {\"U}bermorgen aus? Dieser Frage stellen sich Forscher an der Fachhochschule Aachen. Die weltweit rasant fortschreitende Entwicklung des Marktes f{\"u}r unbemannte Flugger{\"a}te (UAVs - „Unmanned Aerial Vehicles") bietet großes Potenzial f{\"u}r Wachstum und Wertsch{\"o}pfung. Unbemannte fliegende Systeme k{\"o}nnen - f{\"u}r bestimmte Anwendungsgebiete - wesentlich g{\"u}nstiger, kleiner und effizienter ausgelegt werden als bemannte L{\"o}sungen. Dabei sind sich viele Unternehmen {\"u}ber das m{\"o}gliche Potential dieser Technologie noch gar nicht bewusst.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{FingerBraunBil2018,
  author    = {Finger, Felix and Braun, Carsten and Bil, Cees},
  title     = {Impact of electric propulsion technology and mission requirements on the performance of VTOL UAVs},
  series = {CEAS Aeronautical Journal},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {CEAS Aeronautical Journal},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Springer},
  issn      = {1869-5582 print},
  doi       = {10.1007/s13272-018-0352-x},
  pages     = {843},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {One of the engineering challenges in aviation is the design of transitioning vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aircraft. Thrust-borne flight implies a higher mass fraction of the propulsion system, as well as much increased energy consumption in the take-off and landing phases. This mass increase is typically higher for aircraft with a separate lift propulsion system than for aircraft that use the cruise propulsion system to support a dedicated lift system. However, for a cost-benefit trade study, it is necessary to quantify the impact the VTOL requirement and propulsion configuration has on aircraft mass and size. For this reason, sizing studies are conducted. This paper explores the impact of considering a supplemental electric propulsion system for achieving hovering flight. Key variables in this study, apart from the lift system configuration, are the rotor disk loading and hover flight time, as well as the electrical systems technology level for both batteries and motors. Payload and endurance are typically used as the measures of merit for unmanned aircraft that carry electro-optical sensors, and therefore the analysis focuses on these particular parameters.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FingerBraunBil2020,
  author    = {Finger, Felix and Braun, Carsten and Bil, Cees},
  title     = {Comparative assessment of parallel-hybrid-electric propulsion systems for four different aircraft},
  series = {Journal of Aircraft},
  volume    = {57},
  journal   = {Journal of Aircraft},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {AIAA},
  address   = {Reston, Va.},
  issn      = {1533-3868},
  doi       = {10.2514/1.C035897},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Until electric energy storage systems are ready to allow fully electric aircraft, the combination of combustion engine and electric motor as a hybrid-electric propulsion system seems to be a promising intermediate solution. Consequently, the design space for future aircraft is expanded considerably, as serial hybrid-electric, parallel hybrid-electric, fully electric, and conventional propulsion systems must all be considered. While the best propulsion system depends on a multitude of requirements and considerations, trends can be observed for certain types of aircraft and certain types of missions. This Paper provides insight into some factors that drive a new design toward either conventional or hybrid propulsion systems. General aviation aircraft, regional transport aircraft vertical takeoff and landing air taxis, and unmanned aerial vehicles are chosen as case studies. Typical missions for each class are considered, and the aircraft are analyzed regarding their takeoff mass and primary energy consumption. For these case studies, a high-level approach is chosen, using an initial sizing methodology. Only parallel-hybrid-electric powertrains are taken into account. Aeropropulsive interaction effects are neglected. Results indicate that hybrid-electric propulsion systems should be considered if the propulsion system is sized by short-duration power constraints. However, if the propulsion system is sized by a continuous power requirement, hybrid-electric systems offer hardly any benefit.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FingerBraunBil2020,
  author    = {Finger, Felix and Braun, Carsten and Bil, Cees},
  title     = {Impact of Battery Performance on the Initial Sizing of Hybrid-Electric General Aviation Aircraft},
  series = {Journal of Aerospace Engineering},
  volume    = {33},
  journal   = {Journal of Aerospace Engineering},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {ASCE},
  address   = {Reston, Va.},
  issn      = {1943-5525},
  doi       = {10.1061/(ASCE)AS.1943-5525.0001113},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Studies suggest that hybrid-electric aircraft have the potential to generate fewer emissions and be inherently quieter when compared to conventional aircraft. By operating combustion engines together with an electric propulsion system, synergistic benefits can be obtained. However, the performance of hybrid-electric aircraft is still constrained by a battery's energy density and discharge rate. In this paper, the influence of battery performance on the gross mass for a four-seat general aviation aircraft with a hybrid-electric propulsion system is analyzed. For this design study, a high-level approach is chosen, using an innovative initial sizing methodology to determine the minimum required aircraft mass for a specific set of requirements and constraints. Only the peak-load shaving operational strategy is analyzed. Both parallel- and serial-hybrid propulsion configurations are considered for two different missions. The specific energy of the battery pack is varied from 200 to 1,000 W⋅h/kg, while the discharge time, and thus the normalized discharge rating (C-rating), is varied between 30 min (2C discharge rate) and 2 min (30C discharge rate). With the peak-load shaving operating strategy, it is desirable for hybrid-electric aircraft to use a light, low capacity battery system to boost performance. For this case, the battery's specific power rating proved to be of much higher importance than for full electric designs, which have high capacity batteries. Discharge ratings of 20C allow a significant take-off mass reduction aircraft. The design point moves to higher wing loadings and higher levels of hybridization if batteries with advanced technology are used.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FingerBilBraun2019,
  author    = {Finger, Felix and Bil, Cees and Braun, Carsten},
  title     = {Initial Sizing Methodology for Hybrid-Electric General Aviation Aircraft},
  series = {Journal of Aircraft},
  volume    = {57},
  journal   = {Journal of Aircraft},
  number    = {2},
  issn      = {1533-3868},
  doi       = {10.2514/1.C035428},
  pages     = {245 -- 255},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Finger2016,
  author    = {Finger, Felix},
  title     = {Senkrechtstarter: FH-Absolvent wird f{\"u}r Transportdrohne ausgezeichnet},
  series = {campushunter: das etwas andere Karrieremagazin - Wintersemester 16/17},
  journal   = {campushunter: das etwas andere Karrieremagazin - Wintersemester 16/17},
  number    = {17. Regionalausgabe Aachen},
  publisher = {Campushunter Media},
  address   = {Heidelberg},
  issn      = {2196-9426},
  pages     = {116 -- 117},
  year      = {2016},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Finger2017,
  author    = {Finger, Felix},
  title     = {Vergleichende Leistungs- und Nutzenbewertung von VTOL- und CTOL-UAVs},
  series = {Luft- und Raumfahrt : informieren, vernetzen, f{\"o}rdern / Hrsg.: Deutsche Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Luft- und Raumfahrt},
  volume    = {38},
  journal   = {Luft- und Raumfahrt : informieren, vernetzen, f{\"o}rdern / Hrsg.: Deutsche Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Luft- und Raumfahrt},
  number    = {1},
  issn      = {0173-6264},
  pages     = {44 -- 47},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{FayyaziSardarThomasetal.2023,
  author    = {Fayyazi, Mojgan and Sardar, Paramjotsingh and Thomas, Sumit Infent and Daghigh, Roonak and Jamali, Ali and Esch, Thomas and Kemper, Hans and Langari, Reza and Khayyam, Hamid},
  title     = {Artificial intelligence/machine learning in energy management systems, control, and optimization of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles},
  volume    = {15},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  doi       = {10.3390/su15065249},
  pages     = {38},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Environmental emissions, global warming, and energy-related concerns have accelerated the advancements in conventional vehicles that primarily use internal combustion engines. Among the existing technologies, hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles and fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles may have minimal contributions to greenhouse gas emissions and thus are the prime choices for environmental concerns. However, energy management in fuel cell electric vehicles and fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles is a major challenge. Appropriate control strategies should be used for effective energy management in these vehicles. On the other hand, there has been significant progress in artificial intelligence, machine learning, and designing data-driven intelligent controllers. These techniques have found much attention within the community, and state-of-the-art energy management technologies have been developed based on them. This manuscript reviews the application of machine learning and intelligent controllers for prediction, control, energy management, and vehicle to everything (V2X) in hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. The effectiveness of data-driven control and optimization systems are investigated to evolve, classify, and compare, and future trends and directions for sustainability are discussed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EschWoltersSalberetal.2001,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and Wolters, P. and Salber, W. and Geiger, J.},
  title     = {Variable Ventilsteuerung und Direkteinspritzung - vom Wettbewerb zur Synergie},
  series = {Motor und Umwelt 2001, Internal Combustion Engine Versus Fuel Cell - Potential and Limitations as Automotive Power Sources, Verbrennungsmotor versus Brennstoffzelle - Potenziale und Grenzen f{\"u}r den Automobilantrieb, Proc., Graz, AT, 6.-7. Sep, 2001},
  journal   = {Motor und Umwelt 2001, Internal Combustion Engine Versus Fuel Cell - Potential and Limitations as Automotive Power Sources, Verbrennungsmotor versus Brennstoffzelle - Potenziale und Grenzen f{\"u}r den Automobilantrieb, Proc., Graz, AT, 6.-7. Sep, 2001},
  pages     = {183 -- 206},
  year      = {2001},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EschSaupeFahletal.1994,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and Saupe, T. and Fahl, E. and Koch, F.},
  title     = {Verbrauchseinsparung durch bedarfsgerechten Antrieb der Nebenaggregate},
  series = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift. 55 (1994), H. 7/8},
  journal   = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift. 55 (1994), H. 7/8},
  isbn      = {0024-8525},
  pages     = {416 -- 431},
  year      = {1994},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EschSalberWoltersetal.2002,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and Salber, Wolfgang and Wolters, Peter and Geiger, Jos{\´e} and Dilthey, Jochen},
  title     = {Synergies of variable valve actuation and direct injection},
  series = {Direct injection SI engine technology 2002 : [SAE 2002 world congress, Detroit, Michigan, USA, March 4 - 7, 2002].},
  journal   = {Direct injection SI engine technology 2002 : [SAE 2002 world congress, Detroit, Michigan, USA, March 4 - 7, 2002].},
  publisher = {Society of Automotive Engineers},
  address   = {Warrendale, Pa},
  isbn      = {0-7680-0961-8},
  pages     = {45 -- 53},
  year      = {2002},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EschSalberKemperetal.2001,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and Salber, W. and Kemper, Hans and Staay, F. van der},
  title     = {Der elektromechanische Ventiltrieb - Systembaustein f{\"u}r zuk{\"u}nftige Antriebskonzepte, Teil 2.},
  series = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift (MTZ).},
  volume    = {62},
  journal   = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift (MTZ).},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Springer Nature},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {0024-8525},
  doi       = {10.1007/bf03227081},
  pages     = {44 -- 55},
  year      = {2001},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EschSalberKemperetal.2000,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and Salber, W. and Kemper, Hans and Staay, F. van der},
  title     = {Der elektromechanische Ventiltrieb - Systembaustein f{\"u}r zuk{\"u}nftige Antriebskonzepte, Teil 1.},
  series = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift (MTZ).},
  volume    = {61},
  journal   = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift (MTZ).},
  number    = {12},
  publisher = {Springer Nature},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {0024-8525},
  doi       = {10.1007/bf03227081},
  pages     = {826 -- 836},
  year      = {2000},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EschPischingerHagenetal.1998,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and Pischinger, M. and Hagen, J. and Salber, W.},
  title     = {M{\"o}glichkeiten der ottomotorischen Prozeßf{\"u}hrung bei Verwendung des elektromechanischen Ventiltriebs},
  pages     = {987 -- 1015},
  year      = {1998},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EschPischingerGoebel1996,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and Pischinger, M. and G{\"o}bel, T.},
  title     = {Luft- und Kraftstoffzumessung bei Ottomotoren mit variabler Ventilsteuerung},
  series = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift. 57 (1996), H. 2},
  journal   = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift. 57 (1996), H. 2},
  isbn      = {0024-8525},
  pages     = {106 -- 115},
  year      = {1996},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EschGoebelPischinger1995,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and G{\"o}bel, T. and Pischinger, M.},
  title     = {Variable Ventilsteuerung - Luft- und Kraftstoffzumessung bei Ottomotoren mit variabler Ventilsteuerung},
  series = {Forschungsberichte Verbrennungskraftmaschinen. 578 (1995)},
  journal   = {Forschungsberichte Verbrennungskraftmaschinen. 578 (1995)},
  pages     = {1 -- 42},
  year      = {1995},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EschGoebel1993,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and G{\"o}bel, T.},
  title     = {Gemischbildung bei drosselfreier Laststeuerung von Ottomotoren},
  series = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift. 54 (1993), H. 12},
  journal   = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift. 54 (1993), H. 12},
  isbn      = {0024-8525},
  pages     = {616 -- 618},
  year      = {1993},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EschFunkeRoosenetal.2011,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and Funke, Harald and Roosen, Peter and Jarolimek, Ulrich},
  title     = {Biogene Automobilkraftstoffe in der allgemeinen Luftfahrt},
  series = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift (MTZ).},
  volume    = {72},
  journal   = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift (MTZ).},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Springer Nature},
  address   = {Basel},
  isbn      = {0024-8525},
  doi       = {10.1365/s35146-011-0013-7},
  pages     = {54 -- 59},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EschFunkeRoosenetal.2011,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas and Funke, Harald and Roosen, Peter and Jarolimek, Ulrich},
  title     = {Biogenic Vehicle Fuels in General Aviation Aircrafts},
  series = {MTZ worldwide. 72 (2011), H. 1},
  journal   = {MTZ worldwide. 72 (2011), H. 1},
  publisher = {Springer Automotive Media},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  pages     = {38 -- 43},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Esch1991,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Optimized design of the lubrication system of modern combustion engines. Verbesserte Ausf{\"u}hrung von Schmierungssystemen bei modernen Verbrennungsmotoren},
  isbn      = {0148-7191},
  doi       = {10.4271/912407},
  pages     = {1 -- 11},
  year      = {1991},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Esch2010,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Trends in der Nutzfahrzeugantriebstechnik},
  series = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift (MTZ)},
  volume    = {71},
  journal   = {Motortechnische Zeitschrift (MTZ)},
  number    = {10},
  publisher = {Springer Nature},
  address   = {Basel},
  isbn      = {0024-8525},
  doi       = {10.1007/bf03225608},
  pages     = {652 -- 658},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Esch2010,
  author    = {Esch, Thomas},
  title     = {Trends in commercial vehicle powertrains},
  series = {ATZautotechnology},
  volume    = {2010},
  journal   = {ATZautotechnology},
  number    = {10},
  publisher = {Vieweg \& Sohn},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  issn      = {2192-886X},
  doi       = {10.1007/BF03247185},
  pages     = {26 -- 31},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Low emission zones and truck bans, the rising price of diesel and increases in road tolls: all of these factors are putting serious pressure on the transport industry. Commercial vehicle manufacturers and their suppliers are in the process of identifying new solutions to these challenges as part of their efforts to meet the EEV (enhanced environmentally friendly vehicle) limits, which are currently the most robust European exhaust and emissions standards for trucks and buses.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DittusTuryshevDachwaldetal.2005,
  author    = {Dittus, H. and Turyshev, S. G. and Dachwald, Bernd and Blome, Hans-Joachim},
  title     = {A Mission to Explore the Pioneer Anomaly},
  series = {Proceedings of the 39th ESLAB Symposium "Trends in Space Science and Cosmic Vision 2020" : 19 - 21 April 2005, ESTEC, Noordwijk, the Netherlands / European Space Agency. [Comp. by: F. Favata ...] . - (ESA SP ; 588)},
  journal   = {Proceedings of the 39th ESLAB Symposium "Trends in Space Science and Cosmic Vision 2020" : 19 - 21 April 2005, ESTEC, Noordwijk, the Netherlands / European Space Agency. [Comp. by: F. Favata ...] . - (ESA SP ; 588)},
  publisher = {ESA Publ. Div.},
  address   = {Noordwijk},
  isbn      = {9290928999},
  pages     = {3 -- 10},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DickhoffHorikawaFunke2021,
  author    = {Dickhoff, Jens and Horikawa, Atsushi and Funke, Harald},
  title     = {Hydrogen Combustion - new DLE Combustor Addresses NOx Emissions and Flashback},
  series = {Turbomachinery international : the global journal of energy equipment},
  volume    = {62},
  journal   = {Turbomachinery international : the global journal of energy equipment},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {MJH Life Sciences},
  address   = {Cranbury},
  issn      = {2767-2328},
  pages     = {26 -- 27},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DickWagnerRoeth2005,
  author    = {Dick, Angela and Wagner, Manfred and R{\"o}th, Thilo},
  title     = {Capro Automotive Group FH Aachen},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Design- und Karosseriebaustudenten der FH Aachen entwickeln gemeinsam mit externen Fachleuten unter Einsatz virtueller Entwicklungswerkzeuge ein Konzept f{\"u}r einen Sportwagen},
  subject      = {Karosseriebau},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{DahmannMager1994,
  author    = {Dahmann, Peter and Mager, M.},
  title     = {Einfluß der Zusammensetzung der abzuscheidenden Verschmutzung auf die Abscheideleistung von Hydraulikfiltern},
  series = {{\"O}lhydraulik und Pneumatik. 38 (1994), H. 4},
  journal   = {{\"O}lhydraulik und Pneumatik. 38 (1994), H. 4},
  isbn      = {0341-2660},
  pages     = {212 -- 214},
  year      = {1994},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{DahmannHagemeisterNageletal.2006,
  author    = {Dahmann, Peter and Hagemeister, Wilhelm and Nagel, G{\"u}nther and Exner, Peter},
  title     = {Geregelte Innenzahnradpumpe im Mehrquadrantenbetrieb Geschwindigkeits- und Positionsregelung eines hydraulischen Handlingger{\"a}tes},
  series = {O+P {\"O}lhydraulik und Pneumatik. 24 (2006), H. 1},
  journal   = {O+P {\"O}lhydraulik und Pneumatik. 24 (2006), H. 1},
  isbn      = {0341-2660},
  pages     = {24 -- 28},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{DahmannHagemeisterNageletal.2002,
  author    = {Dahmann, Peter and Hagemeister, W. and Nagel, and Exner,},
  title     = {Geschwindigkeits- und Positionsregelung eines hydraulischen Handlingger{\"a}tes in einem Ziegelwerk durch frequenzgeregelte Innenzahnradpumpe im Mehrquadrantenbetrieb},
  series = {Fluid power focused on applications : 3rd International Fluid Power Conference (3rd IFK) ; [conference proceedings, March 5th and 6th 2002, Aachen, Germany]. Fluidtechnik, Band T3},
  journal   = {Fluid power focused on applications : 3rd International Fluid Power Conference (3rd IFK) ; [conference proceedings, March 5th and 6th 2002, Aachen, Germany]. Fluidtechnik, Band T3},
  publisher = {Shaker},
  address   = {Aachen},
  isbn      = {3-8265-9900-4},
  pages     = {83 -- 94},
  year      = {2002},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Dahmann1995,
  author    = {Dahmann, Peter},
  title     = {Offen f{\"u}r neue Modelle. GL-Hydraulik setzt neues Simulationssystem ein},
  series = {Fluid Heft Sonderpublikation Fluid-Technik. 29 (1995)},
  journal   = {Fluid Heft Sonderpublikation Fluid-Technik. 29 (1995)},
  isbn      = {0015-461X},
  pages     = {8 -- 10},
  year      = {1995},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Dahmann1993,
  author    = {Dahmann, Peter},
  title     = {Funktionsweise von Hydraulikfiltern},
  series = {{\"O}lhydraulik und Pneumatik. 37 (1993), H. 2},
  journal   = {{\"O}lhydraulik und Pneumatik. 37 (1993), H. 2},
  isbn      = {0341-2660},
  pages     = {118 -- 122},
  year      = {1993},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Dahmann1990,
  author    = {Dahmann, Peter},
  title     = {Leistungsf{\"a}higkeit von Hydraulikfiltern bei unterschiedlichen Betriebsbedingungen},
  series = {{\"O}lhydraulik und Pneumatik. 34 (1990), H. 10},
  journal   = {{\"O}lhydraulik und Pneumatik. 34 (1990), H. 10},
  isbn      = {0341-2660},
  pages     = {682 -- 688},
  year      = {1990},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{DahlSuttrop1998,
  author    = {Dahl, G{\"u}nter and Suttrop, F.},
  title     = {Engine control and low-NO(x) combustion for hydrogen fuelled aircraft gas turbines},
  series = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 23 (1998), H. 8},
  journal   = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 23 (1998), H. 8},
  isbn      = {0360-3199},
  pages     = {695 -- 704},
  year      = {1998},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DachwaldWurm2011,
  author    = {Dachwald, Bernd and Wurm, Patrick},
  title     = {Mission analysis and performance comparison for an Advanced Solar Photon Thruster},
  series = {Advances in Space Research},
  volume    = {48},
  journal   = {Advances in Space Research},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0273-1177},
  pages     = {1858 -- 1868},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DachwaldWie2005,
  author    = {Dachwald, Bernd and Wie, Bong},
  title     = {Solar Sail Trajectory Optimization for Intercepting, Impacting, and Deflecting Near-Earth Asteroids},
  series = {AIAA Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference and Exhibit - AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference and Exhibit - AIAA Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference and Exhibit : [San Francisco, California, 15 - 18 August 2005 ; papers]. - (AIAA meeting papers on disc ; [10.]2005,16-17)},
  journal   = {AIAA Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference and Exhibit - AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference and Exhibit - AIAA Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference and Exhibit : [San Francisco, California, 15 - 18 August 2005 ; papers]. - (AIAA meeting papers on disc ; [10.]2005,16-17)},
  publisher = {American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics},
  address   = {Reston, Va.},
  isbn      = {1-56347-765-3},
  pages     = {2 CD-ROMs},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DachwaldWi2007,
  author    = {Dachwald, Bernd and Wi, Bong},
  title     = {Solar Sail Kinetic Energy Impactor Trajectory Optimization for an Asteroid-Deflection Mission},
  series = {Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets. 44 (2007), H. 4},
  journal   = {Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets. 44 (2007), H. 4},
  isbn      = {0022-4650},
  pages     = {755 -- 764},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DachwaldUlamecPostbergetal.2020,
  author    = {Dachwald, Bernd and Ulamec, Stephan and Postberg, Frank and Sohl, Frank and Vera, Jean-Pierre de and Christoph, Waldmann and Lorenz, Ralph D. and Hellard, Hugo and Biele, Jens and Rettberg, Petra},
  title     = {Key technologies and instrumentation for subsurface exploration of ocean worlds},
  series = {Space Science Reviews},
  volume    = {216},
  journal   = {Space Science Reviews},
  number    = {Art. 83},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Dordrecht},
  issn      = {1572-9672},
  doi       = {10.1007/s11214-020-00707-5},
  pages     = {45},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {In this chapter, the key technologies and the instrumentation required for the subsurface exploration of ocean worlds are discussed. The focus is laid on Jupiter's moon Europa and Saturn's moon Enceladus because they have the highest potential for such missions in the near future. The exploration of their oceans requires landing on the surface, penetrating the thick ice shell with an ice-penetrating probe, and probably diving with an underwater vehicle through dozens of kilometers of water to the ocean floor, to have the chance to find life, if it exists. Technologically, such missions are extremely challenging. The required key technologies include power generation, communications, pressure resistance, radiation hardness, corrosion protection, navigation, miniaturization, autonomy, and sterilization and cleaning. Simpler mission concepts involve impactors and penetrators or - in the case of Enceladus - plume-fly-through missions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DachwaldTuryshevDittusetal.2005,
  author    = {Dachwald, Bernd and Turyshev, Slava G. and Dittus, H. and Shao, M. [u.a.]},
  title     = {Fundamental Physics with the Laser Astrometric Test Of Relativity / S.G. Turyshev ; H. Dittus ; M. Shao ... B.Dachwald ...},
  series = {Proceedings of the 39th ESLAB Symposium "Trends in Space Science and Cosmic Vision 2020" : 19 - 21 April 2005, ESTEC, Noordwijk, the Netherlands / European Space Agency. [Comp. by: F. Favata ...] . - (ESA SP ; 588)},
  journal   = {Proceedings of the 39th ESLAB Symposium "Trends in Space Science and Cosmic Vision 2020" : 19 - 21 April 2005, ESTEC, Noordwijk, the Netherlands / European Space Agency. [Comp. by: F. Favata ...] . - (ESA SP ; 588)},
  publisher = {ESA Publ. Div.},
  address   = {Noordwijk},
  isbn      = {9290928999},
  pages     = {8 -- 11},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DachwaldTsinas1994,
  author    = {Dachwald, Bernd and Tsinas, L.},
  title     = {A combined neural and genetic learning algorithm / Tsinas, L. ; Dachwald, B.},
  series = {Proceedings of the First IEEE Conference on Evolutionary Computation, 1994. IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence.},
  journal   = {Proceedings of the First IEEE Conference on Evolutionary Computation, 1994. IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence.},
  address   = {Orlando, Fl},
  isbn      = {0-7803-1899-4},
  pages     = {770 -- 774},
  year      = {1994},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DachwaldSeboldtMacdonaldetal.2005,
  author    = {Dachwald, Bernd and Seboldt, Wolfgang and Macdonald, Malcolm and Mengali, Giovanni and Quatra, Alessandro A. and McInnes, Colin R. and Rios-Reyes, Leonel and Scheerers, Daniel J. and Wie, Bong and G{\"o}rlich, Marianne and Lura, Franz and Diedrich, Benjamin and Baturkin, Volodymyr and Coverstone, Victoria L. and Leipold, Manfred and Garbe, Gregory P.},
  title     = {Potential Solar Sail Degradation Effects on Trajectory and Attitude Control},
  series = {AIAA Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference and Exhibit - AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference and Exhibit - AIAA Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference and Exhibit : [San Francisco, California, 15 - 18 August 2005 ; papers]. - (AIAA meeting papers on disc ; [10.]2005,16-17)},
  journal   = {AIAA Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference and Exhibit - AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference and Exhibit - AIAA Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference and Exhibit : [San Francisco, California, 15 - 18 August 2005 ; papers]. - (AIAA meeting papers on disc ; [10.]2005,16-17)},
  publisher = {American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics},
  address   = {Reston, Va.},
  isbn      = {1-56347-765-3},
  pages     = {2 CD-ROMs},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DachwaldSeboldt2003,
  author    = {Dachwald, Bernd and Seboldt, Wolfgang},
  title     = {Solar sailcraft of the first generation technology development / Seboldt, Wolfgang ; Dachwald, Bernd},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {en}
}