@inproceedings{KuperjansAugenstein2001, author = {Kuperjans, Isabel and Augenstein, Eckardt}, title = {„EUSEBIA - Software zur Analyse und Verbesserung der betrieblichen Energiewirtschaft}, series = {Optimierung in der Energieversorgung : Tagung Veitsh{\"o}chheim, 9. und 10. Oktober 2001. - (VDI-Berichte ; 1627)}, booktitle = {Optimierung in der Energieversorgung : Tagung Veitsh{\"o}chheim, 9. und 10. Oktober 2001. - (VDI-Berichte ; 1627)}, publisher = {VDI-Verl.}, address = {D{\"u}sseldorf}, isbn = {3-18-091627-3}, pages = {267 -- 268}, year = {2001}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{AugensteinKuperjans2001, author = {Augenstein, Eckardt and Kuperjans, Isabel}, title = {Softwaregest{\"u}tzte Analyse und Konzeption betrieblicher Energieversorgungsanlagen}, series = {Fortschrittliche Energiewandlung und -anwendung : Schwerpunkt: dezentrale Energiesysteme ; Tagung Bochum, 13. und 14. M{\"a}rz 2001. - (VDI-Berichte ; 1594)}, booktitle = {Fortschrittliche Energiewandlung und -anwendung : Schwerpunkt: dezentrale Energiesysteme ; Tagung Bochum, 13. und 14. M{\"a}rz 2001. - (VDI-Berichte ; 1594)}, publisher = {VDI-Verl.}, address = {D{\"u}sseldorf}, isbn = {3-18-091594-3}, pages = {313 -- 322}, year = {2001}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{KernMeppelink2001, author = {Kern, Alexander and Meppelink, Jan}, title = {Neue M{\"o}glichkeiten elektrischer Anschl{\"u}sse an die Bewehrung und Untersuchung der Wirkung von Blitzstr{\"o}men in bewehrtem Beton}, year = {2001}, abstract = {Im Rahmen eines modernen Blitzschutzsystems f{\"u}r Stahlbeton-Bauten bietet es sich an, die Betonbewehrung zu benutzen: - Sie kann die Funktionen der Ableitungseinrichtungen und des Blitzschutz- Potentialausgleichs bei einem klassischen Geb{\"a}ude-Blitzschutz {\"u}bernehmen [1]; - Sie kann, ggf. bei entsprechender Erg{\"a}nzung, als ein geschlossener K{\"a}fig ausgebildet werden und damit eine deutliche Reduzierung der Belastung elektrischer / elektronischer Systeme durch blitzinduzierte elektromagnetische Felder erbringen (LEMP-Schutz [2]). Die Nutzung der Bewehrung ist dabei grunds{\"a}tzlich gleichermaßen bei Neubauten wie auch bei Ert{\"u}chtigungen m{\"o}glich und sinnvoll. So stellt die Nutzung der Bewehrung beispielsweise im Bereich von Großkraftwerken eine wesentliche Ert{\"u}chtigungsmaßnahme f{\"u}r den Blitzschutz elektrischer und elektronischer Einrichtungen dar: - Einerseits wird der Blitzschutz-Potentialausgleich durch den Anschluss metallener Einrichtungen wie Elektronik-Schr{\"a}nke, Kabeltrag-Konstruktionen, Rohrleitungen, etc. an die Bewehrung deutlich verbessert. - Andererseits kann bei gr{\"o}ßeren Geb{\"a}uden die elektromagnetische Schirmwirkung durch die elektrische {\"U}berbr{\"u}ckung von vorhandenen Dehnfugen bei Stahlbetonbauten optimiert werden. Diese Dehnfugen sind teilweise nur unzureichend {\"u}berbr{\"u}ckt, so dass bei Blitzeinschlag in das betreffende oder ein benachbartes Geb{\"a}ude an Kabelstrecken, die {\"u}ber die Dehnfuge hinwegf{\"u}hren, rel. hohe Spannungen induziert werden k{\"o}nnen [2, 3]. Die sich um das gesamte Geb{\"a}ude herumziehende oder zwischen zwei Geb{\"a}uden befindliche Dehnfuge muss deshalb im Abstand von maximal einigen Metern {\"u}berbr{\"u}ckt werden. Im Falle von Blitzschutz-Ert{\"u}chtigungen in vorhandenen Geb{\"a}uden wird bisher an jeder geplanten Anschlussstelle die Bewehrung großfl{\"a}chig (\&\#8709; wenige 10 cm) freigelegt, dort ein elektrischer Anschluss zu dem Bewehrungsstab hergestellt, z.B. mittels eines Erdungsfestpunkts, und dann die Betonoberfl{\"a}che wieder geschlossen. Je nach prognostizierter Strombelastung wird teilweise versucht, den {\"u}ber den Anschluss fließenden Strom bereits auf mehrere Bewehrungsst{\"a}be zu verteilen. Dazu sind entweder die kreuzenden St{\"a}be zu verschweißen oder es sind direkt Anschl{\"u}sse an zwei Bewehrungsst{\"a}be herzustellen. All dieses bedeutet einen hohen Aufwand bei der Freilegung der Bewehrung und auch wieder bei der Schließung der entstandenen Betonl{\"o}cher. Es soll deshalb hier untersucht werden, ob es beispielsweise zum Zwecke des Blitzschutz-Potentialausgleichs und auch zur {\"U}berbr{\"u}ckung von Dehnfugen ausreichend ist, den Anschluss an die Bewehrung nach einfachen Verfahren nur jeweils an einen Bewehrungsstab herzustellen. Damit w{\"u}rde der finanzielle und administrative Aufwand an Betonarbeiten deutlich reduziert. Die hier dargestellten Verfahren sind dabei insbesondere f{\"u}r den Einsatz bei Blitzschutz-Ert{\"u}chtigungen in bestehenden Geb{\"a}uden vorgesehen. Abschließend sollen deshalb die M{\"o}glichkeiten zur Pr{\"u}fung korrekter Anschl{\"u}sse, die Grenzen der Verfahren sowie auch die Grenzen der Anwendbarkeit bei Neuanlagen diskutiert werden.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{KernNeskakisMueller2001, author = {Kern, Alexander and Neskakis, Apostolos and M{\"u}ller, Klaus-Peter}, title = {Blitzschutzkonzept f{\"u}r eine netz-autarke Hybridanlage am Beispiel der Anlage VATALI auf Kreta}, year = {2001}, abstract = {Netz-autarke Anlagen bestehen {\"u}blicherweise aus einer oder mehreren Photovoltaik- (PV-) Anlagen, ggf. auch Solarthermie- (ST-) Anlagen und einem oder mehreren kleineren Windgeneratoren (sie werden deshalb auch als Hybridanlagen bezeichnet) und werden vor allem in Gegenden mit sehr schlechter {\"o}ffentlicher Energieversorgung eingesetzt, d.h. insbesondere in rel. d{\"u}nn bewohnten Gebieten und in Entwicklungsl{\"a}ndern. Der Blitzschutz von netz-autarken Hybridanlagen ist ein bislang noch vergleichsweise unzureichend bearbeitetes Fachgebiet. F{\"u}r große Windenergie-Anlagen (WEA) wurde in den letzten Jahren eine Zahl von FuE-Projekten durchgef{\"u}hrt, zum Großteil finanziert durch die {\"o}ffentliche Hand, zum kleineren Teil auch durch die Industrie, d.h. die WEAHersteller. Dabei wurden bestehende Defizite im Design der WEA festgestellt und Maßnahmen vorgeschlagen, die vor den mechanischen Zerst{\"o}rungen insbesondere des Rotors und vor den St{\"o}rungen und Zerst{\"o}rungen an den elektrischen / elektronischen Systemen der WEA weitgehend Schutz bieten [1, 2, 3]. Der Stand-der- Normung ist im Entwurf DIN VDE 0127 Teil 24 „Blitzschutz f{\"u}r Windenergieanlagen" (dt. {\"U}bersetzung des internationalen Drafts IEC 61400-24 „Wind turbine generator systems; Part 24: Lightning Protection") dokumentiert [4]. Die Maßnahmen sind allerdings insbesondere f{\"u}r gr{\"o}ßere WEA vorgesehen; im Falle kleinerer WEA lassen sie sich nur bedingt umsetzen. Trotzdem sind auch kleinere WEA rel. stark blitzeinschlaggef{\"a}hrdet, wenn sie auf einer Bergkuppe o.{\"a}. platziert werden. F{\"u}r solche kleinere WEA, wie sie bei Hybridanlagen {\"u}blicherweise Verwendung finden, m{\"u}ssen die Blitzschutzmaßnahmen aus der DIN VDE 0127 Teil 24 angepasst werden. F{\"u}r PV- und ST-Anlagen ist eine entsprechende Blitzschutz-Norm noch nicht in Sicht. Hier ist vor allem der Schutz gegen direkte Blitzeinschl{\"a}ge in die Anlage bzw. die Geb{\"a}ude noch nicht ausreichend beachtet. Blitzfangeinrichtungen sind oft nicht vorgesehen. In aller Regel hat man dabei bisher eine Ausf{\"u}hrungsform des Blitzschutzes realisiert, die prim{\"a}r einen Ferneinschlag ber{\"u}cksichtigt und die dabei entstehenden induzierten, rel. energieschwachen {\"U}berspannungen durch schw{\"a}chere Schutzelemente wie R{\"u}ckstromdioden, Bypassdioden und zum Teil thermisch {\"u}berwachte Varistoren begrenzt [5, 6, 7]. Diese Schutzelemente k{\"o}nnen allerdings bei Naheinschl{\"a}gen bzw. Direkteinschl{\"a}gen {\"u}berlastet und damit zerst{\"o}rt werden. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus k{\"o}nnen Nahoder Direkteinschl{\"a}ge auch zur Schw{\"a}chung der elektrischen Festigkeit der PVModulisolierung f{\"u}hren. Die Folge davon sind lokale extreme W{\"a}rmeentwicklungen, die sogar ein Schmelzen von Glas (sekund{\"a}rer Langzeiteffekt) hervorrufen k{\"o}nnten. Bei einem Blitzeinschlag in die netz-autarke Hybridanlage VATALI auf Kreta im Jahre 2000 wurden sowohl einige mechanische wie auch elektrische Komponenten der Anlage zerst{\"o}rt bzw. zum Teil schwer besch{\"a}digt. Die Anlage VATALI besaß zum Zeitpunkt des Blitzeinschlags keinen wirksamen Blitzschutz. Der Gesamtschaden der Hardware belief sich auf ca. 60.000,- EURO. Die exponierte Stellung der Anlage auf einer Bergspitze stellte und stellt nach wie vor ein enormes Blitzeinschlag-Risiko dar, so dass auch zuk{\"u}nftig mit Blitzeinwirkungen gerechnet werden muss. Die Anlage wurde inspiziert, blitzschutz-technische Erfordernisse definiert und daraus Ert{\"u}chtigungsmaßnahmen abgeleitet, die mit {\"u}berschaubarem Aufwand realisierbar sind.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{KernKrichelMueller2001, author = {Kern, Alexander and Krichel, Frank and M{\"u}ller, Klaus-Peter}, title = {Lightning protection design of a renewable energy hybrid-system without power mains connection}, year = {2001}, abstract = {In the year 2000 a direct lightning strike to the hybridsystem without power mains connection VATALI on the Greek island Crete results in the destruction and damage of some mechanical and electrical components. The hybrid-system VATALI was not lightning protected at that time. The hardware damage costs are approx. 60,000 €. The exposed site of the hybrid-system on top of a mountain was and still is the reason for a high risk of lightning strikes. Also in the future further lightning strikes have to be taken into consideration. In the paper a fundamental lightning protection design concept for renewable energy hybrid-systems without power mains connection and protection measures against direct strikes and overvoltages are shown in detail. The design concept was realized exemplarily for the hybrid-system VATALI. The hardware costs for the protection measures were about 15,000 €. About 50\% of the costs are due to protection measures against direct strikes, 50\% are due to overvoltage protection. Future extensions, new installations, or modifications have to be included into the lightning protection design concept of the hybrid-system.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Dielmann2001, author = {Dielmann, Klaus-Peter}, title = {Umsetzung Strom-/Gasmarkt nach der Liberalisierung}, year = {2001}, abstract = {Neues Energierecht Strom Neues Energierecht Gas Emissionshandel in Europa - ein interessanter Markt?}, subject = {Energierecht}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{Wollert2001, author = {Wollert, J{\"o}rg}, title = {10 Regeln f{\"u}r das Desaster}, series = {Logistik IT Erfolgsfaktor oder Risiko? : Tagung R{\"u}sselsheim, 14. und 15. November 2001. (VDI-Berichte ; 1633)}, booktitle = {Logistik IT Erfolgsfaktor oder Risiko? : Tagung R{\"u}sselsheim, 14. und 15. November 2001. (VDI-Berichte ; 1633)}, publisher = {VDI-Verl.}, address = {D{\"u}sseldorf}, organization = {Gesellschaft F{\"o}rdertechnik, Materialfluss und Logistik}, isbn = {3-18-091633-8}, pages = {1 -- 16}, year = {2001}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{KellyHerrmannHale2001, author = {Kelly, Bruce and Herrmann, Ulf and Hale, M.-J.}, title = {Optimization Studies for Integrated Solar Combined Cycle Systems}, series = {Solar engineering 2001 : proceedings of the International Solar Energy Conference ; presented at the 2001 International Solar Energy Conference, a part of Forum 2001 - Solar energy: the power to choose, April 21 - 25, 2001, Washington, D.C.}, booktitle = {Solar engineering 2001 : proceedings of the International Solar Energy Conference ; presented at the 2001 International Solar Energy Conference, a part of Forum 2001 - Solar energy: the power to choose, April 21 - 25, 2001, Washington, D.C.}, publisher = {ASME}, address = {New York, NY}, isbn = {0-7918-1670-2}, pages = {393 -- 398}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Wollert2001, author = {Wollert, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Webbased Control technischer Anlagen}, series = {Virtuelle Laboratorien : Vortr{\"a}ge zum 52. Berg- und H{\"u}ttenm{\"a}nnischen Tag 2001 in Freiberg}, booktitle = {Virtuelle Laboratorien : Vortr{\"a}ge zum 52. Berg- und H{\"u}ttenm{\"a}nnischen Tag 2001 in Freiberg}, publisher = {TU Bergakademie}, address = {Freiberg}, organization = {Berg- und H{\"u}ttenm{\"a}nnischer Tag <52, 2001, Freiberg>}, isbn = {3860121456}, pages = {111 -- 120}, year = {2001}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{ChudobaKuhlmannButenweg2001, author = {Chudoba, Rostislav and Kuhlmann, Wolfram and Butenweg, Christoph}, title = {Ein internetbasiertes technisches Informationssystem zur Koordination und Pr{\"a}sentation des Sonderforschungsbereichs 532}, series = {Forum Bauinformatik 2001 - Junge Wissenschaftler Forschen / Richard Romberg .̤ (Hrsg.) (Fortschrittberichte VDI : Reihe 4, Bauingenieurwesen ; Nr. 169)}, booktitle = {Forum Bauinformatik 2001 - Junge Wissenschaftler Forschen / Richard Romberg .̤ (Hrsg.) (Fortschrittberichte VDI : Reihe 4, Bauingenieurwesen ; Nr. 169)}, publisher = {VDI-Verlag}, address = {D{\"u}sseldorf}, organization = {Forum Bauinformatik <2001>}, isbn = {3-18-316904-5}, pages = {94 -- 101}, year = {2001}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{BitzAlaydrusStreckertetal.2001, author = {Bitz, Andreas and Alaydrus, M. and Streckert, J. and Hansen, V.W.}, title = {Base station antennas embedded in complex environments: rf exposure in controlled areas}, series = {23rd BEMS Annual Meeting, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA, 49-50, June 2001}, booktitle = {23rd BEMS Annual Meeting, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA, 49-50, June 2001}, publisher = {Bioelectromagnetics Society}, address = {Frederick, MD}, pages = {49 -- 50}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BitzStreckertHansenetal.2001, author = {Bitz, Andreas and Streckert, J. and Hansen, V.W. and Stogbauer, F.}, title = {Shielded RF-exposure system with an integrated LF-measuring system for in vitro experiments with cell-layers}, series = {Proceedings of the Ebea 2001 : 5th International Congress of the European Bioelectromagnetics Association (Ebea) ; 6-8 September 2001, Marina Congress Center, Helsinki, Finland}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Ebea 2001 : 5th International Congress of the European Bioelectromagnetics Association (Ebea) ; 6-8 September 2001, Marina Congress Center, Helsinki, Finland}, editor = {Hietanen, Maila and Jokela, Kari and Juutilainen, Jukka and Työterveyslaitos,}, publisher = {Finnish Institute of Occupational Health}, address = {Helsinki}, isbn = {9789518024401}, pages = {67 -- 68}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KraftMeyerNagl2002, author = {Kraft, Bodo and Meyer, Oliver and Nagl, Manfred}, title = {Graph technology support for conceptual design in civil engineering}, isbn = {3-18-318004-9}, year = {2002}, abstract = {In: Advances in intelligent computing in engineering : proceedings of the 9.International EG-ICE Workshop ; Darmstadt, (01 - 03 August) 2002 / Martina Schnellenbach-Held ... (eds.) . - D{\"u}sseldorf: VDI-Verl., 2002 .- Fortschritt-Berichte VDI, Reihe 4, Bauingenieurwesen ; 180 ; S. 1-35 The paper describes a novel way to support conceptual design in civil engineering. The designer uses semantical tools guaranteeing certain internal structures of the design result but also the fulfillment of various constraints. Two different approaches and corresponding tools are discussed: (a) Visually specified tools with automatic code generation to determine a design structure as well as fixing various constraints a design has to obey. These tools are also valuable for design knowledge specialist. (b) Extensions of existing CAD tools to provide semantical knowledge to be used by an architect. It is sketched how these different tools can be combined in the future. The main part of the paper discusses the concepts and realization of two prototypes following the two above approaches. The paper especially discusses that specific graphs and the specification of their structure are useful for both tool realization projects.}, subject = {CAD}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GrothofSchwarteBuxbaumetal.2002, author = {Grothof, M. and Schwarte, Rudolf and Buxbaum, Bernd and Ringbeck, Thorsten and [u.a.],}, title = {Product monitoring with MSM-PMD-Array}, series = {Proceedings / OPTO 2002 : an event of the Association for Sensor Technology AMA ; 14 - 16 May 2002, Exhibition Centre Erfurt, Germany / International Conference Optoelectronics, Optical Sensors \& Measuring Techniques}, booktitle = {Proceedings / OPTO 2002 : an event of the Association for Sensor Technology AMA ; 14 - 16 May 2002, Exhibition Centre Erfurt, Germany / International Conference Optoelectronics, Optical Sensors \& Measuring Techniques}, editor = {Wagner, Elmar}, publisher = {AMA Service GmbH}, address = {Wunsdorf}, pages = {41 -- 47}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ZangHessRingbecketal.2002, author = {Zang, Zhigang and Hess, Holger and Ringbeck, Thorsten and Schwarte, Rudolf}, title = {Phase-lock techniques using new correlation receivers for TOF-laser ranging}, series = {Laser radar technology and applications VII : 3 - 4 April 2002, Orlando, USA. - (SPIE proceedings series ; 4723)}, booktitle = {Laser radar technology and applications VII : 3 - 4 April 2002, Orlando, USA. - (SPIE proceedings series ; 4723)}, editor = {Kamerman, Gary W.}, publisher = {SPIE, International Society for Optical Engineering}, address = {Bellingham, Wash.}, isbn = {0-8194-4473-1}, issn = {0038-7355}, pages = {112 -- 120}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BuxbaumSchwarteRingbecketal.2002, author = {Buxbaum, Bernd and Schwarte, Rudolf and Ringbeck, Thorsten and [u.a.],}, title = {MSM-PMD as correlation receiver in a new 3D-ranging system}, series = {Laser radar ranging and atmospheric lidar techniques III : 17 - 18 September 2001, Toulouse, France. - (SPIE proceedings series ; 4546)}, booktitle = {Laser radar ranging and atmospheric lidar techniques III : 17 - 18 September 2001, Toulouse, France. - (SPIE proceedings series ; 4546)}, editor = {Schreiber, Ulrich}, publisher = {SPIE}, address = {Bellingham, Wash.}, isbn = {0-8194-4271-2}, issn = {0038-7355}, pages = {145 -- 154}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{VieiradaSilvaSchwarzerQueirozMedeiros2002, author = {Vieira da Silva, Maria Eugenia and Schwarzer, Klemens and Queiroz Medeiros, Marcelo Ricardo}, title = {Experimental results of a solar cooker with heat storage}, series = {RIO 02 - World Climate \& Energy Event, January 6-11, 2002}, booktitle = {RIO 02 - World Climate \& Energy Event, January 6-11, 2002}, year = {2002}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{Goettsche2002, author = {G{\"o}ttsche, Joachim}, title = {Erste Energiebilanz der Studentenwohnungen des Solar-Campus J{\"u}lich}, series = {Zw{\"o}lftes Symposium Thermische Solarenergie : 24. bis 26. April 2002, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein}, booktitle = {Zw{\"o}lftes Symposium Thermische Solarenergie : 24. bis 26. April 2002, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein}, publisher = {OTTI-Energie-Kolleg}, address = {Regensburg}, isbn = {3-934681-20-4}, pages = {251 -- 256}, year = {2002}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{GligorevicSorger2002, author = {Gligorevic, Snjezana and Sorger, Ulrich}, title = {A new approach to tracking time-variant channels}, series = {Proceedings / 5th International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications : WPMC : October 27 - 30, 2002, Honolulu, Hawaii ; vol. 3}, booktitle = {Proceedings / 5th International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications : WPMC : October 27 - 30, 2002, Honolulu, Hawaii ; vol. 3}, organization = {International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications <5, 2002, Honolulu>}, isbn = {0-7803-7442-8}, issn = {1347-6890}, pages = {1342 -- 1345}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Gligorevic2002, author = {Gligorevic, Snjezana}, title = {Joint channel estimation and equalization for fast time-variant multipath channels}, series = {Proceedings / 13th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications : PIMRC 2002 : Lisboa, Portugal, September 15 - 18, 2002}, booktitle = {Proceedings / 13th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications : PIMRC 2002 : Lisboa, Portugal, September 15 - 18, 2002}, organization = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers}, isbn = {0-7803-7589-0}, pages = {1127 -- 1130}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HadinejadMahramGligorevicRitscher2002, author = {Hadinejad-Mahram, Hafez and Gligorevic, Snjezana and Ritscher, Matthias}, title = {Joint iterative channel estimation and parallel interference cancellation for coded DS-CDMA}, series = {Proceeding of the International Conference on Telecommunications 2002 : [Beijing, 23 - 26 June 2002]. Vol. 2}, booktitle = {Proceeding of the International Conference on Telecommunications 2002 : [Beijing, 23 - 26 June 2002]. Vol. 2}, organization = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers}, pages = {566 -- 570}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{AugensteinKuperjansLucas2002, author = {Augenstein, Eckardt and Kuperjans, Isabel and Lucas, K.}, title = {EUSEBIA - Decision-Support-System for Technical, Economical and Ecological Design and Evaluation of Industrial Energy Systems}, series = {ECOS 2002 : proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Efficiency, Costs, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems, Berlin, Germany July 3 - 5, 2002. - Vol. 1}, booktitle = {ECOS 2002 : proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Efficiency, Costs, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems, Berlin, Germany July 3 - 5, 2002. - Vol. 1}, editor = {Tsatsaronis,, Georgios}, publisher = {Techn. Univ., Inst. for Energy Engineering}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {3-00-009533-0}, pages = {446 -- 453}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Krause2002, author = {Krause, Gregor}, title = {Energiemanagement in Geb{\"a}uden}, series = {Energiemanagement in Geb{\"a}uden : 24. April 2002 : Tagung und Ausstellung}, booktitle = {Energiemanagement in Geb{\"a}uden : 24. April 2002 : Tagung und Ausstellung}, publisher = {Fachhochschule Aachen}, address = {Aachen}, pages = {1 -- 10}, year = {2002}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{Kern2002, author = {Kern, Alexander}, title = {Risikomanagement : Absch{\"a}tzung des Schadensrisikos f{\"u}r bauliche Anlagen - Die neue Vornorm DIN V VDE V 0185 Teil 2 : 2002}, year = {2002}, abstract = {Alle Unternehmen sind vielf{\"a}ltigen Risiken ausgesetzt, die Finanz- und Betriebsbereiche einschließlich Dienstleistungen betreffen k{\"o}nnen. Die Firmen m{\"u}ssen {\"u}blicherweise Risiken eingehen, um im Wettbewerb bestehen zu k{\"o}nnen. Entscheidend ist, dass man sich {\"u}ber die Risiken bewusst ist, diese einsch{\"a}tzen und kontrollieren kann. Falsche Einsch{\"a}tzungen, Vers{\"a}umnisse und Fehlentscheidungen k{\"o}nnen empfindliche finanzielle Sch{\"a}den bis hin zum Totalverlust nach sich ziehen. Ein effektives Risikomanagement ist heute als wichtiger Sicherheitsfaktor anzusehen und sollte zur strategischen Unternehmensf{\"u}hrung geh{\"o}ren. Ein vorausschauendes Risikomanagement beinhaltet, Risiken f{\"u}r das Unternehmen zu kalkulieren. Es liefert Entscheidungsgrundlagen, um diese Risiken zu begrenzen und es macht transparent, welche Risiken sinnvollerweise {\"u}ber Versicherungen abgedeckt werden sollten. Beim Versicherungsmanagement ist jedoch zu bedenken, dass zur Erreichung bestimmter Ziele Versicherungen nicht geeignet sind (z.B. Erhaltung der Lieferf{\"a}higkeit). Eintrittswahrscheinlichkeiten bestimmter Risiken lassen sich durch Versicherungen nicht ver{\"a}ndern. Bei Unternehmen, die mit umfangreichen elektronischen Einrichtungen produzieren oder Dienstleistungen erbringen (und das sind heutzutage wohl die meisten), muss auch das Risiko durch Blitzeinwirkungen besondere Ber{\"u}cksichtigung finden. Dabei ist zu beachten, dass der Schaden aufgrund der Nicht-Verf{\"u}gbarkeit der elektronischen Einrichtungen und damit der Produktion bzw. der Dienstleistung und ggf. der Verlust von Daten den Hardware-Schaden an der betroffenen Anlage oft bei weitem {\"u}bersteigt. Im Blitzschutz gewinnt innovatives Denken in Schadensrisiken langsam an Bedeutung. Risikoanalysen haben die Objektivierung und Quantifizierung der Gef{\"a}hrdung von baulichen Anlagen und ihrer Inhalte durch direkte und indirekte Blitzeinschl{\"a}ge zum Ziel. Seinen Niederschlag hat dieses neue Denken in der neuen deutschen Norm DIN V 0185-2 VDE V 0185 Teil 2 gefunden. Die hier vorgegebene Risikoanalyse gew{\"a}hrleistet, dass ein f{\"u}r alle Beteiligten nachvollziehbares Blitzschutz-Konzept erstellt werden kann, das technisch und wirtschaftlich optimiert ist, d.h. bei m{\"o}glichst geringem Aufwand den notwendigen Schutz gew{\"a}hrleisten kann. Die sich aus der Risikoanalyse ergebenden Schutzmaßnahmen sind dann in den weiteren Normenteilen der neuen Reihe VDE V 0185 detailliert beschrieben.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{StaatHeitzer2002, author = {Staat, Manfred and Heitzer, Michael}, title = {The restricted influence of kinematic hardening on shakedown loads}, year = {2002}, abstract = {Structural design analyses are conducted with the aim of verifying the exclusion of ratcheting. To this end it is important to make a clear distinction between the shakedown range and the ratcheting range. In cyclic plasticity more sophisticated hardening models have been suggested in order to model the strain evolution observed in ratcheting experiments. The hardening models used in shakedown analysis are comparatively simple. It is shown that shakedown analysis can make quite stable predictions of admissible load ranges despite the simplicity of the underlying hardening models. A linear and a nonlinear kinematic hardening model of two-surface plasticity are compared in material shakedown analysis. Both give identical or similar shakedown ranges. Structural shakedown analyses show that the loading may have a more pronounced effect than the hardening model.}, subject = {Biomedizinische Technik}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DarvenizaFlisowskiKernetal.2002, author = {Darveniza, M. and Flisowski, Z. and Kern, Alexander and Landers, E.-U. and LoPiparo, G. and Mazzetti, C. and Rousseau, A. and Sherlock, J.}, title = {Application problems of the probabilistic approach to the assessment of risk for structures and services}, year = {2002}, abstract = {The paper deals with the development of the probabilistic approach to the assessment of risk due to lightning. Sources of damage, types of damage and types of loss are defined and, accordingly, the procedure for risk analysis and the way of assessment of different risk components is proposed. The way to evaluate the influence of different protection measures (lightning protection system; shielding of structure, cables and equipment; routing of internal wiring; surge protective device) in reducing such probabilities is considered. The paper has been prepared within the framework of the activity of IEC TC81-WG9/CLC TC81-WG4 directed to prepare the draft IEC 62305-2 Risk Management, in cooperation with the Secretary of IEC/CLC TC81.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KernKrichel2002, author = {Kern, Alexander and Krichel, Frank}, title = {Considerations about the lightning protection system of mains independent renewable energy hybrid-systems - practical experiences}, year = {2002}, abstract = {In the paper a lightning protection design concept for renewable energy hybrid-systems without power mains connection is described. Based on a risk analysis protection measures against direct strikes and overvoltages are shown in an overview. The design concept is realized exemplarily for the hybrid-system VATALI on the Greek island Crete. VATALI, not lightning protected at that time, was a victim of a lightning strike in the year 2000 causing destructions and damages of some mechanical and electrical components with costs of approx. 60.000 €. The hardware costs for the protection measures were about 15.000 €: about 50\% of the costs are due to protection measures against direct strikes, 50\% are due to overvoltage protection.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ZischankHeidlerKernetal.2002, author = {Zischank, Wolfgang J. and Heidler, Fridolin and Kern, Alexander and Metwally, I. A. and Wiesinger, J. and Seevers, M.}, title = {Laboratory simulation of direct lightning strokes to a modelled building - measurement of magnetic fields and induced voltages}, year = {2002}, abstract = {In IEC 61312-2 equations for the assessment of the magnetic fields inside structures due to a direct lightning strike are given. These equations are based on computer simulations for shields consisting of a single-layer steel grid of a given mesh width. Real constructions, however, contain at least two layers of reinforcement steel grids. The objective of this study was to experimentally determine the additional shielding effectiveness of a second reinforcement layer compared to a single-layer grid. To this end, simulated structures were set up in the high current laboratory. The structures consisted of cubic cages of 2 m side length with one or with two reinforcement grids, respectively. The structures were exposed to direct lightning currents representing the variety of anticipated lightning current waveforms. The magnetic fields and their derivatives at several positions inside the structure as well as the voltage between "floor" and "roof" in the center were determined for different current injection points. From these data the improvement of the shielding caused by a second reinforcement layer is derived.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DielmannPeters2002, author = {Dielmann, Klaus-Peter and Peters, Bernhard}, title = {Micro Turbine Using Different Gases and Liquid Fuels}, year = {2002}, abstract = {Micro turbine using different gases and liquid fuels}, subject = {Gasturbine}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Dielmann2002, author = {Dielmann, Klaus-Peter}, title = {Darstellung des Erneuerbaren Energiegesetzes (EEG) und dessen Auswirkungen}, year = {2002}, abstract = {Erneuerbares Energien-Gesetz: Anwendungsbereich, Abnahme- und Verg{\"u}tungspflicht, Verg{\"u}tungss{\"a}tze, Netzkosten, Ausgleichsregelungen Auswirkungen des EEG: Photovoltaik, Windkraft, Biomasse, Wasserkraft, Kl{\"a}r-, Deponie- und Grubengas, Geothermie Zusammenfassung und Ausblick}, subject = {Energierecht}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{Roeth2002, author = {R{\"o}th, Thilo}, title = {Modularisierung in der Karosserie von morgen}, year = {2002}, abstract = {1) Module werden die Fahrzeugplattform und den -aufbau in Zukunft weiterhin und in zunehmendem Maße bestimmen. 2) Neue Module und Modulschnittstellen am Fahrzeug werden {\"u}berdacht und k{\"o}nnen in der Zukunft erwartet werden. 3) Die Wertsch{\"o}pfung und der Entwicklungsumfang wird sich vom OEM zum Modullieferanten verlagern. 4) Modulvergaben werden in der Zukunft noch st{\"a}rker auf Innovation und Kostenreduktion beruhen. 5) Modularisierung des Fahrzeuges heißt ein Aufbrechen der Fahrzeugkarosserie und wird daher von der Beherrschung struktureller Aufgaben sowie der L{\"o}sung der (sichtbaren) Modul{\"u}berg{\"a}nge bestimmt sein. 6) Neben den Systemintegratoren und den Komponentenspezialisten besetzen die Modullieferanten die erste Lieferantenriege. 7) Der Modullieferant wird neben h{\"o}chster Fertigungsexpertise ein hohes Maß an (Teil-)fahrzeug-Know-How und Produktentwickler-mentalit{\"a}t bereitstellen.}, subject = {Karosseriebau}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{Wollert2002, author = {Wollert, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Bluetooth in Embedded-Anwendungen in der Automatisierungstechnik}, series = {Tagungsband / SPS IPC Drives 2002 : 13. Fachmesse und Kongress, 26. - 28. November 2002 N{\"u}rnberg; elektrische Automatisierung - Systeme und Komponenten. (Praxiswissen IEE - Automatisierung)}, booktitle = {Tagungsband / SPS IPC Drives 2002 : 13. Fachmesse und Kongress, 26. - 28. November 2002 N{\"u}rnberg; elektrische Automatisierung - Systeme und Komponenten. (Praxiswissen IEE - Automatisierung)}, publisher = {H{\"u}thig}, address = {Heidelberg}, isbn = {3-7785-2863-7}, pages = {28 -- 37}, year = {2002}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{DerschGeyerHerrmannetal.2002, author = {Dersch, J{\"u}rgen and Geyer, Michael and Herrmann, Ulf and Jones, Scott A. and Kelly, Bruce and Kistner, Rainer and Ortmanns, Winfried and Pitz-Paal, Robert and Price, Henry}, title = {Trough integration into power plants : a study on the performance and economy of integrated solar combined cycle systems}, series = {Proceedings of the 11th SolarPACES International Symposium on Concentrated Solar Power and Chemical Energy Technologies : September 4 - 6, 2002, Zurich, Switzerland / Paul Scherrer Institut, PSI; ETH, Eidgen{\"o}ssische Technische Hochschule Z{\"u}rich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th SolarPACES International Symposium on Concentrated Solar Power and Chemical Energy Technologies : September 4 - 6, 2002, Zurich, Switzerland / Paul Scherrer Institut, PSI; ETH, Eidgen{\"o}ssische Technische Hochschule Z{\"u}rich}, editor = {Steinfeld, Aldo}, publisher = {Paul Scherrer Inst.}, address = {Villingen}, isbn = {3-9521409-3-7}, pages = {661 -- 671}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HerrmannKellyPrice2002, author = {Herrmann, Ulf and Kelly, Bruce and Price, Henry}, title = {Two Tank Molten Salt Storage for Parabolic Trough Solar Power Plants}, series = {Proceedings of the 11th SolarPACES International Symposium on Concentrated Solar Power and Chemical Energy Technologies : September 4 - 6, 2002, Zurich, Switzerland / Paul Scherrer Institut, PSI; ETH, Eidgen{\"o}ssische Technische Hochschule Z{\"u}rich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th SolarPACES International Symposium on Concentrated Solar Power and Chemical Energy Technologies : September 4 - 6, 2002, Zurich, Switzerland / Paul Scherrer Institut, PSI; ETH, Eidgen{\"o}ssische Technische Hochschule Z{\"u}rich}, editor = {Steinfeld, Aldo}, publisher = {Paul Scherrer Inst.}, address = {Villingen}, isbn = {3-9521409-3-7}, pages = {517 -- 524}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BlakeMoensHaleetal.2002, author = {Blake, D. and Moens, L. and Hale, M.-J. and Price, Henry and Keaney, David W. and Herrmann, Ulf}, title = {New heat transfer and storage fluids for parabolic trough solar thermal electric plants}, series = {Proceedings of the 11th SolarPACES International Symposium on Concentrated Solar Power and Chemical Energy Technologies : September 4 - 6, 2002, Zurich, Switzerland / Paul Scherrer Institut, PSI; ETH, Eidgen{\"o}ssische Technische Hochschule Z{\"u}rich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th SolarPACES International Symposium on Concentrated Solar Power and Chemical Energy Technologies : September 4 - 6, 2002, Zurich, Switzerland / Paul Scherrer Institut, PSI; ETH, Eidgen{\"o}ssische Technische Hochschule Z{\"u}rich}, editor = {Steinfeld, Aldo}, publisher = {Paul Scherrer Inst.}, address = {Villingen}, isbn = {3-9521409-3-7}, pages = {63 -- 66}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DerschGeyerHerrmannetal.2002, author = {Dersch, J{\"u}rgen and Geyer, Michael and Herrmann, Ulf and Jones, Scott A. and Kelly, Bruce and Kistner, Rainer and Ortmanns, Winfried and Pitz-Paal, Robert and Price, Henry}, title = {Solar Trough Integration Into Combined Cycle Systems}, series = {Solar engineering 2002 : proceedings of the International Solar Energy Conference ; presented at the 2002 International Solar Energy Conference, a part of Solar 2002 - Sunrise on the Reliable Energy Economy, June 15 - 20, 2002, Reno, Nevada}, booktitle = {Solar engineering 2002 : proceedings of the International Solar Energy Conference ; presented at the 2002 International Solar Energy Conference, a part of Solar 2002 - Sunrise on the Reliable Energy Economy, June 15 - 20, 2002, Reno, Nevada}, editor = {Pearson, J. Boise}, publisher = {ASME}, isbn = {0-7918-1689-3}, doi = {doi:10.1115/SED2002-1072}, pages = {351 -- 359}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{AringhoffGeyerHerrmannetal.2002, author = {Aringhoff, R. and Geyer, Michael and Herrmann, Ulf and Kistner, Rainer and Nava, P. and Osuna, R.}, title = {AndaSol : 50MW Solar Plants with 9 Hour Storage for Southern Spain}, series = {Proceedings of the 11th SolarPACES International Symposium on Concentrated Solar Power and Chemical Energy Technologies : September 4 - 6, 2002, Zurich, Switzerland / Paul Scherrer Institut, PSI; ETH, Eidgen{\"o}ssische Technische Hochschule Z{\"u}rich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th SolarPACES International Symposium on Concentrated Solar Power and Chemical Energy Technologies : September 4 - 6, 2002, Zurich, Switzerland / Paul Scherrer Institut, PSI; ETH, Eidgen{\"o}ssische Technische Hochschule Z{\"u}rich}, editor = {Steinfeld, Aldo}, publisher = {Paul Scherrer Inst.}, address = {Villingen}, isbn = {3-9521409-3-7}, pages = {37 -- 42}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WollertVedral2002, author = {Wollert, J{\"o}rg and Vedral, Andreas}, title = {Einsatz von Opensource-Software f{\"u}r Evaluationsprototypen : Anwendungsempfehlungen und Einsatzbeispiele}, series = {Vortr{\"a}ge und Begleittexte zum Entwicklerforum Wireless 2002 : Technologien und Grundlagen ; 16. Mai 2002}, booktitle = {Vortr{\"a}ge und Begleittexte zum Entwicklerforum Wireless 2002 : Technologien und Grundlagen ; 16. Mai 2002}, publisher = {Design \& Elektronik}, address = {Poing}, organization = {Entwicklerforum Wireless <2002, M{\"u}nchen>}, pages = {37 -- 46}, year = {2002}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{ElDeibChudobaButenwegetal.2002, author = {El-Deib, Khaled and Chudoba, Rostislav and Butenweg, Christoph and Meskouris, Konstantin and K{\"o}nke, Carsten and Bettzieche, Volker}, title = {Safety assessment of rockfill and masonry dams}, series = {Structural dynamics - EURODYN 2002 : proceedings of the 4th [i.e. 5th] International Conference on Structural Dynamics, Munich, Germany, 2 - 5 September 2002 / ed. by H. Grundmann ... Vol. 1}, booktitle = {Structural dynamics - EURODYN 2002 : proceedings of the 4th [i.e. 5th] International Conference on Structural Dynamics, Munich, Germany, 2 - 5 September 2002 / ed. by H. Grundmann ... Vol. 1}, publisher = {Balkema}, address = {Lisse}, organization = {International Conference on Structural Dynamics <5, 2002, M{\"u}nchen>}, isbn = {90-5809-510-X}, pages = {237 -- 242}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KarvanekButenwegEbenau2002, author = {Karvanek, Eva and Butenweg, Christoph and Ebenau, Carsten}, title = {Bautechnische Pr{\"u}fung und Bau{\"u}berwachung der Arena „Auf Schalke"}, series = {Berichte der Fachtagung Baustatik - Baupraxis 8 am 21. und 22. M{\"a}rz 2002 in Braunschweig / Hrsg. Dieter Dinkler}, booktitle = {Berichte der Fachtagung Baustatik - Baupraxis 8 am 21. und 22. M{\"a}rz 2002 in Braunschweig / Hrsg. Dieter Dinkler}, publisher = {TU Braunschweig, Institut f{\"u}r Statik}, address = {Braunschweig}, organization = {Fachtagung Baustatik - Baupraxis <8, 2002, Braunschweig>}, isbn = {3-926031-95-6}, pages = {237 -- 245}, year = {2002}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{HollerButenwegNohetal.2002, author = {Holler, S. and Butenweg, Christoph and Noh, S.-Y. and Meskouris, Konstantin}, title = {Numerical simulation of textile-reinforced concrete structures}, series = {Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Computational Structures Technology : [Prague, Czech Republic, 4 - 6 September 2002] / ed. by B. H. V. Topping and Z. Bittnar. (Civil-Comp Press books on computational engineering)}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Computational Structures Technology : [Prague, Czech Republic, 4 - 6 September 2002] / ed. by B. H. V. Topping and Z. Bittnar. (Civil-Comp Press books on computational engineering)}, publisher = {Civil-Comp Press}, address = {Stirling}, organization = {International Conference on Computational Structures Technology <6, 2002, Prag>}, isbn = {0-948749-83-0}, pages = {287 -- 288}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ChudobaButenwegKuhlmann2002, author = {Chudoba, Rostislav and Butenweg, Christoph and Kuhlmann, Wolfram}, title = {Technical information system for collaborative material research}, series = {Sixth International Conference on Computational Structures Technology : [Prague, Czech Republic, 4 - 6 September 2002]}, booktitle = {Sixth International Conference on Computational Structures Technology : [Prague, Czech Republic, 4 - 6 September 2002]}, organization = {International Conference on Computational Structures Technology <6, 2002, Prag>}, pages = {1 -- 11}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WagnerNohButenwegetal.2002, author = {Wagner, R. and Noh, S.-Y. and Butenweg, Christoph and Meskouris, Konstantin}, title = {Seismic excited granular material silos}, series = {Structural dynamics - EURODYN 2002 : proceedings of the 4th [i.e. 5th] International Conference on Structural Dynamics, Munich, Germany, 2 - 5 September 2002 / ed. by H. Grundmann ...}, booktitle = {Structural dynamics - EURODYN 2002 : proceedings of the 4th [i.e. 5th] International Conference on Structural Dynamics, Munich, Germany, 2 - 5 September 2002 / ed. by H. Grundmann ...}, publisher = {Balkema}, address = {Lisse}, organization = {European Conference on Structural Dynamics, EURODYN <5, 2002, M{\"u}nchen>}, isbn = {90-5809-511-8}, pages = {253 -- 258}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BitzAlaydrusStreckertetal.2002, author = {Bitz, Andreas and Alaydrus, M. and Streckert, J. and Hansen, V.}, title = {Combination of the hybrid/sup [2]/-method and the FDTD-method for solution of boundary value problems with electrically large and high-resolution bodies}, series = {IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium (IEEE Cat. No.02CH37313) 2002 : San Antonio, TX, USA, 16-21 June}, booktitle = {IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium (IEEE Cat. No.02CH37313) 2002 : San Antonio, TX, USA, 16-21 June}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, isbn = {0-7803-7330-8}, doi = {10.1109/APS.2002.1018209}, pages = {278 -- 281}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BitzAlaydrusStreckertetal.2002, author = {Bitz, Andreas and Alaydrus, M. and Streckert, J. and Hansen, V.W.}, title = {Absorption rates inside human body due to radiated electro-magnetic fields of multi-band base station antennas. Boundary value problems with electrically large and high-resolution bodies}, series = {24th BEMS Annual Meeting, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, 23 - 27 June 2002}, booktitle = {24th BEMS Annual Meeting, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, 23 - 27 June 2002}, publisher = {Bioelectromagnetics Society}, address = {Frederick, MD}, pages = {40 -- 41}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DachwaldSeboldtHaeusler2002, author = {Dachwald, Bernd and Seboldt, Wolfgang and H{\"a}usler, Bernd}, title = {Performance requirements for near-term interplanetary solar sailcraft missions}, series = {6th International AAAF Symposium on Space Propulsion: Propulsion for Space Transportation of the XXIst Century}, booktitle = {6th International AAAF Symposium on Space Propulsion: Propulsion for Space Transportation of the XXIst Century}, pages = {9 Seiten}, year = {2002}, abstract = {Solar sailcraft provide a wide range of opportunities for high-energy low-cost missions. To date, most mission studies require a rather demanding performance that will not be realized by solar sailcraft of the first generation. However, even with solar sailcraft of moderate performance, scientifically relevant missions are feasible. This is demonstrated with a Near Earth Asteroid sample return mission and various planetary rendezvous missions.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KraftNagl2003, author = {Kraft, Bodo and Nagl, Manfred}, title = {Support of Conceptual Design in Civil Engineering by Graph-based Tools}, year = {2003}, abstract = {WS GTaD-2003 - The 1st Workshop on Graph Transformations and Design ed Grabska, E., Seite 6-7, Jagiellonian University Krakow. 2 pages}, subject = {CAD}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{KraftNagl2003, author = {Kraft, Bodo and Nagl, Manfred}, title = {Semantic tool support for conceptual design}, year = {2003}, abstract = {ITCE-2003 - 4th Joint Symposium on Information Technology in Civil Engineering ed Flood, I., Seite 1-12, ASCE (CD-ROM), Nashville, USA In this paper we discussed graph based tools to support architects during the conceptual design phase. Conceptual Design is defined before constructive design; the used concepts are more abstract. We develop two graph based approaches, a topdown using the graph rewriting system PROGRES and a more industrially oriented approach, where we extend the CAD system ArchiCAD. In both approaches, knowledge can be defined by a knowledge engineer, in the top-down approach in the domain model graph, in the bottom-up approach in the in an XML file. The defined knowledge is used to incrementally check the sketch and to inform the architect about violations of the defined knowledge. Our goal is to discover design error as soon as possible and to support the architect to design buildings with consideration of conceptual knowledge.}, subject = {CAD}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DigelTemizArtmannArtmannetal.2003, author = {Digel, Ilya and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l and Artmann, Gerhard and Nojima, H.}, title = {Plasma cluster ions (PCI) influence on microbial cells viability : [abstract]}, year = {2003}, abstract = {Recently, SHARP corporation has developed the world's first "Plasma Cluster Ions (PCI)" air purification technology, which uses plasma discharge to generate cluster ions. The new plasma cluster device releases into the air positive and negative ions, which are harmless to humans and are able to decompose and deactivate airborne substances by chemical reactions. A lot of phenomenological tests of the PCI air purification technology on microbial cells have been conducted. And, in most cases, it has been shown that PCI demonstrate strongly pronounced killing effect. Although, the particular mechanisms of PCI action are still not evident. We studied variations in resistance to PCI among gram-positive airborne microorganisms, as well as some dose-dependent, spatial, cultural and biochemical properties of PCI action in respect of Staphylococcus spp, Enterococcus spp, Micrococcus spp.}, subject = {Clusterion}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DigelTemizArtmannNojimaetal.2003, author = {Digel, Ilya and Temiz Artmann, Ayseg{\"u}l and Nojima, H. and Artmann, Gerhard}, title = {Effects of plasma generated ions on bacteria : [poster]}, year = {2003}, abstract = {Summary and Conclusions PCIs were clearly effective in terms of their antibacterial effects with the strains tested. This efficacy increased with the time the bacteries were exposed to PCIs. The bactericidal action has proved to be irreversible. PCIs were significantly less effective in shadowed areas. PCI exposure caused multiple protein damages as observed in SDS PAGE studies. There was no single but multiple molecular mechanism causing the bacterial death.}, subject = {Clusterion}, language = {en} }