@article{Gerhardt1991, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim}, title = {Windlastannahmen f{\"u}r große Industriehallen mit Flachdach}, series = {Die Bautechnik. 68 (1991), H. 3}, journal = {Die Bautechnik. 68 (1991), H. 3}, isbn = {0005-6820}, pages = {93 -- 97}, year = {1991}, language = {de} } @article{Gerhardt1986, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim}, title = {Belastung von Rauchabzugsgeraeten bei Windangriff}, series = {Sanitaer- und Heizungstechnik. 51 (1986), H. 3}, journal = {Sanitaer- und Heizungstechnik. 51 (1986), H. 3}, isbn = {0036-4401}, pages = {150 -- 152}, year = {1986}, language = {de} } @book{Gerhardt1983, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim}, title = {Abschlußbericht zum Forschungsvorhaben 'Untersuchungen zur Windbelastung von kleinformatigen harten Dachwerkstoffen' / Forscher: C. Kramer ; H. J. Gerhardt. Bearb.: H.-W. Kuster}, publisher = {IRB-Verl.}, address = {Stuttgart}, pages = {55, [70] S. : Ill., graph. Darst.}, year = {1983}, language = {de} } @book{Gerhardt1977, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim}, title = {Untersuchungen zur aerodynamischen Detailoptimierung von Personenkraftwagen mit Hilfe von Modellversuchen im Windkanal / Carl Kramer ; Hans-Joachim Gerhardt; Siegfried Scherer}, publisher = {Westdt. Verl.}, address = {Opladen}, isbn = {3-531-02633-X}, pages = {39 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.}, year = {1977}, language = {de} } @book{Gerhardt1989, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim}, title = {Lagersicherheit lose verlegter W{\"a}rmed{\"a}mmplatten auf Flachd{\"a}chern gegen Abheben durch Windeinwirkung : Abschlußbericht zum Forschungsvorhaben "Lose verlegte W{\"a}rmed{\"a}mmplatten" / H. J. Gerhardt ; K. K. Bofah ; C. Kramer}, publisher = {IRB-Verl.}, address = {Stuttgart}, pages = {26, 3, 32 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., 30 cm}, year = {1989}, language = {de} } @article{Gerhardt2005, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim}, title = {Physikalische Modelle f{\"u}r Brandsicherheitsnachweise = physical models for fire safety design}, series = {Kurzreferate : Hannover, 6. und 7. Juni 2005 = Proceedings / [Veranst.: VFDB, Vereinigung zur F{\"o}rderung des Deutschen Brandschutzes e.V.; iBMB, Institut f{\"u}r Baustoffe, Massivbau und Brandschutz der Technischen Universit{\"a}t Braunschweig]. Hrsg.: Dietmar Hosser}, journal = {Kurzreferate : Hannover, 6. und 7. Juni 2005 = Proceedings / [Veranst.: VFDB, Vereinigung zur F{\"o}rderung des Deutschen Brandschutzes e.V.; iBMB, Institut f{\"u}r Baustoffe, Massivbau und Brandschutz der Technischen Universit{\"a}t Braunschweig]. Hrsg.: Dietmar Hosser}, publisher = {iBMB}, address = {Braunschweig}, isbn = {3-89288-165-0}, pages = {135 -- 154}, year = {2005}, language = {de} } @article{Gerhardt2005, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim}, title = {Design methods of smoke and heat exhaust systems in construction works}, series = {V Mie\&\#796;dzynarodowa Konferencja Bezpiecze\&\#324;stwo Po\&\#380;arowe Budowli, Warszawa-Miedzeszyn, 14 - 16 listopada 2005 r. = : Vth International Conference Fire Safety of Buildings / ITB ... [Ed. Miros\&\#322;aw Kosiorek]}, journal = {V Mie\&\#796;dzynarodowa Konferencja Bezpiecze\&\#324;stwo Po\&\#380;arowe Budowli, Warszawa-Miedzeszyn, 14 - 16 listopada 2005 r. = : Vth International Conference Fire Safety of Buildings / ITB ... [Ed. Miros\&\#322;aw Kosiorek]}, publisher = {ITB}, address = {Warszawa}, isbn = {83-7413-810-6}, pages = {127 -- 140}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @article{Gerhardt2006, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim}, title = {Wind- und Temperatureinfl{\"u}sse bei der Planung von Entrauchungseinrichtungen}, series = {VFDB-Zeitschrift : Forschung, Technik und Management im Brandschutz. 55 (2006), H. 3}, journal = {VFDB-Zeitschrift : Forschung, Technik und Management im Brandschutz. 55 (2006), H. 3}, isbn = {0042-1804}, pages = {115 -- 121}, year = {2006}, language = {de} } @article{Gerhardt2005, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim}, title = {Teures Bauen durch starre Genehmigungspraxis}, series = {Der Bausachverst{\"a}ndige : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Bausch{\"a}den, Grundst{\"u}ckswert und gutachterliche T{\"a}tigkeit. 1 (2005), H. 5}, journal = {Der Bausachverst{\"a}ndige : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Bausch{\"a}den, Grundst{\"u}ckswert und gutachterliche T{\"a}tigkeit. 1 (2005), H. 5}, isbn = {1614-6123}, pages = {44 -- 45}, year = {2005}, language = {de} } @article{GerhardtBofahKramer1990, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Bofah, K.-K. and Kramer, C.}, title = {Lagesicherheit lose verlegter W{\"a}rmed{\"a}mmplatten auf Flachd{\"a}chern}, series = {Die Bautechnik. 67 (1990), H. 2}, journal = {Die Bautechnik. 67 (1990), H. 2}, isbn = {0005-6820}, pages = {55 -- 60}, year = {1990}, language = {de} } @article{GerhardtCooperWhitbreadetal.1985, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Cooper, K.-R. and Whitbread, R. and Gary, K.-P. (u.a.)}, title = {A comparison of aerodynamic drag measurements on model trucks in closed-jet and open-jet wind tunnels}, pages = {261 -- 274}, year = {1985}, language = {en} } @article{GerhardtEbert1991, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Ebert, U.}, title = {Windklima und Immission. Vergleich von Messungen vor Ort und Modellmessungen im Windkanal}, series = {Staub, Reinhaltung der Luft. 51 (1991), H. 2}, journal = {Staub, Reinhaltung der Luft. 51 (1991), H. 2}, isbn = {0039-0771}, pages = {57 -- 62}, year = {1991}, language = {de} } @article{GerhardtJanser1995, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Janser, F.}, title = {Windbelastung bel{\"u}fteter Fassadensysteme}, series = {Der Bauingenieur. 70 (1995), H. 5}, journal = {Der Bauingenieur. 70 (1995), H. 5}, isbn = {0005-6650}, pages = {193 -- 201}, year = {1995}, language = {de} } @article{GerhardtJungSchmidt2002, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Jung, G. and Schmidt, G.}, title = {Rauchversuch in einem Hochregallager. Die aerodynamisch wirksame {\"O}ffnungsfl{\"a}che f{\"u}r den Rauchabzug in Hochregallagern und ihr Einfluss auf die L{\"o}scharbeiten der Feuerwehr}, series = {vfdb-Zeitschrift. 51 (2002), H. 1}, journal = {vfdb-Zeitschrift. 51 (2002), H. 1}, isbn = {0042-1804}, pages = {21 -- 25}, year = {2002}, language = {de} } @article{GerhardtJung1991, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Jung, O.}, title = {Lagesicherheit mechanisch befestigter Dachabdichtungen bei Windbelastung}, series = {Die Bautechnik. 68 (1991), H. 11}, journal = {Die Bautechnik. 68 (1991), H. 11}, isbn = {0005-6820}, pages = {372 -- 377}, year = {1991}, language = {de} } @article{GerhardtKonrathKrameretal.1992, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Konrath, B. and Kramer, C. and Oliveira, L.-A.}, title = {Aerodynamische Abdichtung von Anlagen f{\"u}r die Bandbearbeitung}, series = {Blech, Rohre, Profile. 39 (1992), H. 1}, journal = {Blech, Rohre, Profile. 39 (1992), H. 1}, isbn = {0006-4688}, pages = {39 -- 1}, year = {1992}, language = {de} } @article{GerhardtKonrathLieb2005, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Konrath, B. and Lieb, R.-D.}, title = {Das Drallrohr}, series = {HLH : L{\"u}ftung, Klima, Heizung, Sanit{\"a}r, Geb{\"a}udetechnik. 56 (2005), H. 11}, journal = {HLH : L{\"u}ftung, Klima, Heizung, Sanit{\"a}r, Geb{\"a}udetechnik. 56 (2005), H. 11}, isbn = {1436-5103}, pages = {91 -- 95}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @article{GerhardtKonrathSchoenwald2005, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Konrath, B. and Sch{\"o}nwald, J.}, title = {Brandsimulation f{\"u}r Abnahmeversuche}, series = {HLH : L{\"u}ftung, Klima, Heizung, Sanit{\"a}r, Geb{\"a}udetechnik. 56 (2005), H. 8}, journal = {HLH : L{\"u}ftung, Klima, Heizung, Sanit{\"a}r, Geb{\"a}udetechnik. 56 (2005), H. 8}, isbn = {1436-5103}, pages = {46 -- 51}, year = {2005}, language = {de} } @article{GerhardtKonrathStiel2006, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Konrath, B. and Stiel, M.}, title = {Anmerkungen zur DIN EN 12101-2 {\"u}ber die Pr{\"u}fung von nat{\"u}rlichen Rauch- und W{\"a}rmeabzugsanlagen (NRGW)}, series = {VFDB-Zeitschrift : Forschung, Technik und Management im Brandschutz. 55 (2006), H. 3}, journal = {VFDB-Zeitschrift : Forschung, Technik und Management im Brandschutz. 55 (2006), H. 3}, isbn = {0042-1804}, pages = {157 -- 158}, year = {2006}, language = {de} } @article{GerhardtKonrath2003, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Konrath, Bernd}, title = {Rauchableitung in unterirdischen Verkehrsanlagen. M{\"o}glichkeiten und Hinweise zur Ausf{\"u}hrung.}, series = {vfdb-Zeitschrift. 52 (2003), H. 2}, journal = {vfdb-Zeitschrift. 52 (2003), H. 2}, isbn = {0042-1804}, pages = {59 -- 65}, year = {2003}, language = {de} } @article{GerhardtKonrath2002, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Konrath, Bernd}, title = {Linienhafte Absaugung von Rauchgasen}, series = {vfdb-Zeitschrift. 51 (2002), H. 1}, journal = {vfdb-Zeitschrift. 51 (2002), H. 1}, isbn = {0042-1804}, pages = {33 -- 36}, year = {2002}, language = {de} } @article{GerhardtKonrathLieb2002, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Konrath, Bernd and Lieb, Rolf-Dieter}, title = {Zur Druckbel{\"u}ftung von Sicherheitstreppenr{\"a}umen}, series = {vfdb-Zeitschrift. 51 (2002), H. 3}, journal = {vfdb-Zeitschrift. 51 (2002), H. 3}, isbn = {0042-1804}, pages = {122 -- 128}, year = {2002}, language = {de} } @article{GerhardtKorath2004, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Korath, Bernd}, title = {Maschinelle Rauchableitung in besonderen Bauarten}, series = {vfdb-Zeitschrift. 53 (2004), H. 4}, journal = {vfdb-Zeitschrift. 53 (2004), H. 4}, isbn = {0042-1804}, pages = {198 -- 204}, year = {2004}, language = {de} } @article{GerhardtKramer1992, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Kramer, C.}, title = {Rauch- und W{\"a}rmeabzug - physikalische Grundlagen und Anwendungen}, series = {vfdb-Zeitschrift. 41 (1992), H. 2}, journal = {vfdb-Zeitschrift. 41 (1992), H. 2}, isbn = {0042-1804}, pages = {49 -- 54}, year = {1992}, language = {de} } @article{GerhardtKramer1984, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Kramer, C.}, title = {Belastung von RA bei Windangriff}, series = {Zentralblatt fuer Industriebau. 30 (1984), H. 3}, journal = {Zentralblatt fuer Industriebau. 30 (1984), H. 3}, isbn = {0044-4227}, pages = {214 -- 217}, year = {1984}, language = {de} } @article{GerhardtKramer1985, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Kramer, C.}, title = {Aerodynamsiche RA-Optimierung}, series = {Zentralblatt fuer Industriebau. 31 (1985), H. 5}, journal = {Zentralblatt fuer Industriebau. 31 (1985), H. 5}, isbn = {0044-4227}, pages = {358 -- 362}, year = {1985}, language = {en} } @article{GerhardtKramerJanssen1985, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Kramer, C. and Janssen, L.-J.}, title = {Flow studies of an open jet wind tunnel and comparison with closed and slotted walls}, pages = {7 -- 28}, year = {1985}, language = {en} } @book{GerhardtKramer1982, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Kramer, Carl}, title = {Untersuchungen zur Lagesicherung von Flachd{\"a}chern mittels Kies- und Plattenabdeckungen}, publisher = {IRB-Verl.}, address = {Stuttgart}, pages = {26, [18] S. : Ill., graph. Darst.}, year = {1982}, language = {de} } @book{GerhardtKramer1983, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Kramer, Carl}, title = {Windlasten auf nach innen geneigten Dachfl{\"a}chen}, publisher = {IRB-Verl.}, address = {Stuttgart}, pages = {17, [11] Bl. : graph. Darst.}, year = {1983}, language = {de} } @book{GerhardtKramerJansen1977, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Kramer, Carl and Jansen, Hubert}, title = {Traglufthallen unter Windbelastung}, publisher = {Westdt. Verl.}, address = {Opladen}, isbn = {3-531-02650-X}, pages = {39 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.}, year = {1977}, language = {de} } @article{GerhardtKrueger2000, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Kr{\"u}ger, O.}, title = {Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Entrauchung großer R{\"a}ume unter besonderer Beachtung des Windeinflusses}, series = {vfdb-Zeitschrift. 49 (2000), H. 2}, journal = {vfdb-Zeitschrift. 49 (2000), H. 2}, isbn = {0042-1804}, pages = {47 -- 54}, year = {2000}, language = {de} } @article{GerhardtKrueger1997, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Kr{\"u}ger, O.}, title = {Building shape influence on local wind loads}, series = {Proceedings of the 2nd European \& African Conference on Wind Engineering : 2 EACWE, Palazzo Ducale, Genova, Italy, June 22-26, 1997 / ed. by Giovanni Solari. - Vol. 2}, journal = {Proceedings of the 2nd European \& African Conference on Wind Engineering : 2 EACWE, Palazzo Ducale, Genova, Italy, June 22-26, 1997 / ed. by Giovanni Solari. - Vol. 2}, publisher = {Servizi Grafici Editoriali}, address = {Padova}, isbn = {88-86281-19-6}, pages = {XIX, S. 1017 - 1998 : Ill., graph. Darst.}, year = {1997}, language = {en} } @article{GerhardtLieb2005, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Lieb, R.-D.}, title = {Entrauchung komplexer R{\"a}umlichkeiten : Strategien und Steuerungen}, series = {T{\"u}r-Tor-Fenster-Report : Fachzeitschrift f{\"u}r die Technologien von T{\"u}ren, Toren und Fenstern. 25 (2005), H. 3}, journal = {T{\"u}r-Tor-Fenster-Report : Fachzeitschrift f{\"u}r die Technologien von T{\"u}ren, Toren und Fenstern. 25 (2005), H. 3}, isbn = {0724-7702}, pages = {27 -- 29}, year = {2005}, language = {de} } @article{GerhardtRudolph2000, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Rudolph, M.}, title = {Steuerungsstrategien f{\"u}r Fensterbet{\"a}tigungen von Hochh{\"a}usern. Nat{\"u}rliche L{\"u}ftung}, series = {HLH - Heizung, L{\"u}ftung, Klima, Haustechnik. 51 (2000), H. 9}, journal = {HLH - Heizung, L{\"u}ftung, Klima, Haustechnik. 51 (2000), H. 9}, isbn = {1436-5103}, pages = {48 -- 52}, year = {2000}, language = {de} } @article{GerhardtSchmidtJung2002, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Schmidt, G. and Jung, G.}, title = {Rauchversuch in einem Hochregallager}, series = {Bautechnik. 79 (2002), H. 6}, journal = {Bautechnik. 79 (2002), H. 6}, isbn = {0932-8351}, pages = {414 -- 417}, year = {2002}, language = {de} } @article{GerhardtSchwarz2003, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Schwarz, N.}, title = {Entrauchung {\"u}ber Seitenw{\"a}nde}, series = {vfdb-Zeitschrift. 52 (2003), H. 1}, journal = {vfdb-Zeitschrift. 52 (2003), H. 1}, isbn = {0042-1804}, pages = {25 -- 35}, year = {2003}, language = {de} } @article{GerhardtSchoenwald2002, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Sch{\"o}nwald, J.}, title = {Eine neue Brandsimulationsvorrichtung}, series = {vfdb-Zeitschrift. 51 (2002), H. 3}, journal = {vfdb-Zeitschrift. 51 (2002), H. 3}, isbn = {0042-1804}, pages = {91 -- 93}, year = {2002}, language = {de} } @article{GerhardtSchoenwaldForssmannetal.2005, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Sch{\"o}nwald, J. and Forßmann, R. and Große, Wolfgang}, title = {Modulation der Windenergie durch optimierte Uferbepflanzung zur Steuerung der Oberfl{\"a}chenstr{\"o}mung f{\"u}r das Entfernung von Treibgut}, series = {Der F{\"u}hlinger See : Beitr{\"a}ge zur Erhaltung der {\"o}kologischen Qualit{\"a}t / hrsg. von Wolfgang Große ... - ({\"O}kologie und nachhaltige Entwicklung von Sport- und Freizeitseen ; 1)}, journal = {Der F{\"u}hlinger See : Beitr{\"a}ge zur Erhaltung der {\"o}kologischen Qualit{\"a}t / hrsg. von Wolfgang Große ... - ({\"O}kologie und nachhaltige Entwicklung von Sport- und Freizeitseen ; 1)}, publisher = {Monsenstein und Vannerdat}, address = {M{\"u}nster}, isbn = {3-86582-212-6}, pages = {95 -- 108}, year = {2005}, language = {de} } @article{GerhardtSchoenwaldKonrath2007, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Sch{\"o}nwald, J. and Konrath, B.}, title = {Verwendung von Leichtgas bei Brandsimulationen - unzul{\"a}ssig oder sinnvoll?}, series = {VFDB-Zeitschrift : Forschung, Technik und Management im Brandschutz. 56 (2007), H. 1}, journal = {VFDB-Zeitschrift : Forschung, Technik und Management im Brandschutz. 56 (2007), H. 1}, isbn = {0042-1804}, pages = {29 -- 31}, year = {2007}, language = {de} } @article{GerhardtWacker1999, author = {Gerhardt, Hans Joachim and Wacker, J.}, title = {Immissionsprognosen auf der Basis von Windkanaluntersuchungen}, series = {Immissionsschutz. 4 (1999), H. 3}, journal = {Immissionsschutz. 4 (1999), H. 3}, isbn = {1430-9262}, pages = {84 -- 89}, year = {1999}, language = {de} } @article{GermanMikuckiWelchetal.2021, author = {German, Laura and Mikucki, Jill A. and Welch, Susan A. and Welch, Kathleen A. and Lutton, Anthony and Dachwald, Bernd and Kowalski, Julia and Heinen, Dirk and Feldmann, Marco and Francke, Gero and Espe, Clemens and Lyons, W. Berry}, title = {Validation of sampling antarctic subglacial hypersaline waters with an electrothermal ice melting probe (IceMole) for environmental analytical geochemistry}, series = {International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry}, volume = {101}, journal = {International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry}, number = {15}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, address = {London}, issn = {0306-7319}, doi = {10.1080/03067319.2019.1704750}, pages = {2654 -- 2667}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Geochemical characterisation of hypersaline waters is difficult as high concentrations of salts hinder the analysis of constituents at low concentrations, such as trace metals, and the collection of samples for trace metal analysis in natural waters can be easily contaminated. This is particularly the case if samples are collected by non-conventional techniques such as those required for aquatic subglacial environments. In this paper we present the first analysis of a subglacial brine from Taylor Valley, (~ 78°S), Antarctica for the trace metals: Ba, Co, Mo, Rb, Sr, V, and U. Samples were collected englacially using an electrothermal melting probe called the IceMole. This probe uses differential heating of a copper head as well as the probe's sidewalls and an ice screw at the melting head to move through glacier ice. Detailed blanks, meltwater, and subglacial brine samples were collected to evaluate the impact of the IceMole and the borehole pump, the melting and collection process, filtration, and storage on the geochemistry of the samples collected by this device. Comparisons between melt water profiles through the glacier ice and blank analysis, with published studies on ice geochemistry, suggest the potential for minor contributions of some species Rb, As, Co, Mn, Ni, NH4+, and NO2-+NO3- from the IceMole. The ability to conduct detailed chemical analyses of subglacial fluids collected with melting probes is critical for the future exploration of the hundreds of deep subglacial lakes in Antarctica.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GierseKraemerDaabetal.2013, author = {Gierse, Andreas and Kr{\"a}mer, Stefan and Daab, Dominique J. and Hessel, Joana and Baader, Fabian and M{\"u}ller, Brigitte S. and Wagner, Tobias and Gdalewitsch, Georg and Plescher, Engelbert and Pf{\"u}tzenreuter, Lysan}, title = {Experimental in-flight modal-analysis of a sounding rocket structure}, series = {21st ESA Symposium on Rocket and Ballon related Research}, booktitle = {21st ESA Symposium on Rocket and Ballon related Research}, isbn = {9789290922858}, pages = {341 -- 346}, year = {2013}, language = {en} } @incollection{GitterHornhardtKoewiusetal.2003, author = {Gitter, R. and Hornhardt, Ch. and Koewius, A. and [u.a.], and Wahle, Michael}, title = {Konstruieren mit Aluminium [Kapitel 4]}, series = {Aluminium-Taschenbuch / Hrsg.: Aluminium-Zentrale D{\"u}sseldorf. - Bd. 3: Weiterverarbeitung und Anwendung}, booktitle = {Aluminium-Taschenbuch / Hrsg.: Aluminium-Zentrale D{\"u}sseldorf. - Bd. 3: Weiterverarbeitung und Anwendung}, edition = {16. Auflage}, publisher = {Aluminium-Verlag}, address = {D{\"u}sseldorf}, isbn = {3-87017-275-4}, pages = {355 -- 599}, year = {2003}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{GrundmannBauerBieleetal.2018, author = {Grundmann, Jan Thimo and Bauer, Waldemar and Biele, Jens and Boden, Ralf and Ceriotti, Matteo and Cordero, Federico and Dachwald, Bernd and Dumont, Etienne and Grimm, Christian D. and Herč{\´i}k, David and Ho, Tra-Mi and Jahnke, Rico and Koch, Aaron D and Koncz, Alexander and Krause, Christian and Lange, Caroline and Lichtenheldt, Roy and Maiwald, Volker and Mikschl, Tobias and Mikulz, Eugen and Montenegro, Sergio and Pelivan, Ivanka and Peloni, Alessandro and Quantius, Dominik and Reershemius, Siebo and Renger, Thomas and Riemann, Johannes and Ruffer, Michael and Sasaki, Kaname and Schmitz, Nicole and Seboldt, Wolfgang and Seefeldt, Patric and Spietz, Peter and Spr{\"o}witz, Tom and Sznajder, Maciej and Tardivel, Simon and T{\´o}th, Norbert and Wejmo, Elisabet and Wolff, Friederike and Ziach, Christian}, title = {Small spacecraft based multiple near-earth asteroid rendezvous and landing with near-term solar sails and 'Now-Term 'technologies}, series = {69 th International Astronautical Congress (IAC)}, booktitle = {69 th International Astronautical Congress (IAC)}, pages = {1 -- 18}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Physical interaction with small solar system bodies (SSSB) is the next step in planetary science, planetary in-situ resource utilization (ISRU), and planetary defense (PD). It requires a broader understanding of the surface properties of the target objects, with particular interest focused on those near Earth. Knowledge of composition, multi-scale surface structure, thermal response, and interior structure is required to design, validate and operate missions addressing these three fields. The current level of understanding is occasionally simplified into the phrase, "If you've seen one asteroid, you've seen one asteroid", meaning that the in-situ characterization of SSSBs has yet to cross the threshold towards a robust and stable scheme of classification. This would enable generic features in spacecraft design, particularly for ISRU and science missions. Currently, it is necessary to characterize any potential target object sufficiently by a dedicated pre-cursor mission to design the mission which then interacts with the object in a complex fashion. To open up strategic approaches, much broader in-depth characterization of potential target objects would be highly desirable. In SSSB science missions, MASCOT-like nano-landers and instrument carriers which integrate at the instrument level to their mothership have met interest. By its size, MASCOT is compatible with small interplanetary missions. The DLR-ESTEC Gossamer Roadmap Science Working Groups' studies identified Multiple Near-Earth asteroid (NEA) Rendezvous (MNR) as one of the space science missions only feasible with solar sail propulsion. The Solar Polar Orbiter (SPO) study showed the ability to access any inclination, theDisplaced-L1 (DL1) mission operates close to Earth, where objects of interest to PD and for ISRU reside. Other studies outline the unique capability of solar sails to provide access to all SSSB, at least within the orbit of Jupiter, and significant progress has been made to explore the performance envelope of near-term solar sails for MNR. However, it is difficult for sailcraft to interact physically with a SSSB. We expand and extend the philosophy of the recently qualified DLR Gossamer solar sail deployment technology using efficient multiple sub-spacecraft integration to also include landers for one-way in-situ investigations and sample-return missions by synergetic integration and operation of sail and lander. The MASCOT design concept and its characteristic features have created an ideal counterpart for thisand has already been adapted to the needs of the AIM spacecraft, former part of the NASA-ESA AIDA missionDesigning the 69th International Astronautical Congress (IAC), Bremen, Germany, 1-5 October 2018. IAC-18-F1.2.3 Page 2 of 17 combined spacecraft for piggy-back launch accommodation enables low-cost massively parallel access to the NEA population.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GrundmannBauerBieleetal.2018, author = {Grundmann, Jan Thimo and Bauer, Waldemar and Biele, Jens and Boden, Ralf and Ceriotti, Matteo and Cordero, Federico and Dachwald, Bernd and Dumont, Etienne and Grimm, Christian and Herč{\´i}k, David and Herique, Alain and Ho, Tra-Mi and Jahnke, Rico and Koch, Aaron and Kofman, Wlodek and Koncz, Alexander and Krause, Christian and Lange, Caroline and Lichtenheldt, Roy and Maiwald, Volker and Mikschl, Tobias and Mikulz, Eugen and Montenegro, Sergio and Pelivan, Ivanka and Peloni, Alessandro and Plettemeier, Dirk and Quantius, Dominik and Reershemius, Siebo and Renger, Thomas and Riemann, Johannes and Ruffer, Michael and Sasaki, Kaname and Schmitz, Nicole and Seboldt, Wolfgang and Seefeldt, Patric and Spietz, Peter and Spr{\"o}witz, Tom and Sznajder, Maciej and Tardivel, Simon and Toth, Norbert and Wejmo, Elisabet and Wolff, Friederike and Ziach, Christian}, title = {Efficient massively parallel prospection for ISRU by multiple near-earth asteroid rendezvous using near-term solar sails and'now-term'small spacecraft solutions}, series = {2nd Asteroid Science Intersections with In-Space Mine Engineering - ASIME 2018}, booktitle = {2nd Asteroid Science Intersections with In-Space Mine Engineering - ASIME 2018}, pages = {1 -- 33}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Physical interaction with small solar system bodies (SSSB) is key for in-situ resource utilization (ISRU). The design of mining missions requires good understanding of SSSB properties, including composition, surface and interior structure, and thermal environment. But as the saying goes "If you've seen one asteroid, you've seen one Asteroid": Although some patterns may begin to appear, a stable and reliable scheme of SSSB classification still has to be evolved. Identified commonalities would enable generic ISRU technology and spacecraft design approaches with a high degree of re-use. Strategic approaches require much broader in-depth characterization of the SSSB populations of interest to the ISRU community. The DLR-ESTEC GOSSAMER Roadmap Science Working Groups identified target-flexible Multiple Near-Earth asteroid (NEA) Rendezvous (MNR) as one of the missions only feasible with solar sail propulsion, showed the ability to access any inclination and a wide range of heliocentric distances as well as continuous operation close to Earth's orbit where low delta-v objects reside.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GrundmannBauerBieleetal.2015, author = {Grundmann, Jan Thimo and Bauer, Waldemar and Biele, Jens and Cordero, Frederico and Dachwald, Bernd and Koncz, Alexander and Krause, Christian and Mikschl, Tobias and Montenegro, Sergio and Quantius, Dominik and Ruffer, Michael and Sasaki, Kaname and Schmitz, Nicole and Seefeldt, Patric and T{\´o}th, Norbert and Wejmo, Elisabet}, title = {From Sail to Soil - Getting Sailcraft Out of the Harbour on a Visit to One of Earth's Nearest Neighbours}, series = {4th IAA Planetary Denfense Conference - PDC 2015, 13-17 April 2015, Frascati, Roma, Italy}, booktitle = {4th IAA Planetary Denfense Conference - PDC 2015, 13-17 April 2015, Frascati, Roma, Italy}, pages = {20 S.}, year = {2015}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GrundmannBauerBodenetal.2019, author = {Grundmann, Jan Thimo and Bauer, Waldemar and Boden, Ralf and Ceriotti, Matteo and Chand, Suditi and Cordero, Federico and Dachwald, Bernd and Dumont, Etienne and Grimm, Christian D. and Heiligers, Jeannette and Herč{\´i}k, David and H{\´e}rique, Alain and Ho, Tra-Mi and Jahnke, Rico and Kofman, Wlodek and Lange, Caroline and Lichtenheldt, Roy and McInnes, Colin and Meß, Jan-Gerd and Mikschl, Tobias and Mikulz, Eugen and Montenegro, Sergio and Moore, Iain and Pelivan, Ivanka and Peloni, Alessandro and Plettemeier, Dirk and Quantius, Dominik and Reershemius, Siebo and Renger, Thomas and Riemann, Johannes and Rogez, Yves and Ruffer, Michael and Sasaki, Kaname and Schmitz, Nicole and Seboldt, Wolfgang and Seefeldt, Patric and Spietz, Peter and Spr{\"o}witz, Tom and Sznajder, Maciej and T{\´o}th, Norbert and Vergaaij, Merel and Viavattene, Giulia and Wejmo, Elisabet and Wiedemann, Carsten and Wolff, Friederike and Ziach, Christian}, title = {Flights are ten a sail - Re-use and commonality in the design and system engineering of small spacecraft solar sail missions with modular hardware for responsive and adaptive exploration}, series = {70th International Astronautical Congress (IAC)}, booktitle = {70th International Astronautical Congress (IAC)}, isbn = {9781713814856}, pages = {1 -- 7}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GrundmannBauerBodenetal.2019, author = {Grundmann, Jan Thimo and Bauer, Waldemar and Boden, Ralf Christian and Ceriotti, Matteo and Cordero, Federico and Dachwald, Bernd and Dumont, Etienne and Grimm, Christian D. and Hercik, D. and Herique, A. and Ho, Tra-Mi and Jahnke, Rico and Kofman, Wlodek and Lange, Caroline and Lichtenheldt, Roy and McInnes, Colin R. and Mikschl, Tobias and Mikulz, Eugen and Montenegro, Sergio and Moore, Iain and Pelivan, Ivanka and Peloni, Alessandro and Plettemeier, Dirk and Quantius, Dominik and Reershemius, Siebo and Renger, Thomas and Riemann, Johannes and Rogez, Yves and Ruffer, Michael and Sasaki, Kaname and Schmitz, Nicole and Seboldt, Wolfgang and Seefeldt, Patric and Spietz, Peter and Spr{\"o}witz, Tom and Sznajder, Maciej and Toth, Norbert and Viavattene, Giulia and Wejmo, Elisabet and Wolff, Friederike and Ziach, Christian}, title = {Responsive integrated small spacecraft solar sail and payload design concepts and missions}, series = {Conference: 5th International Symposium on Solar Sailing (ISSS 2019)}, booktitle = {Conference: 5th International Symposium on Solar Sailing (ISSS 2019)}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Asteroid mining has the potential to greatly reduce the cost of in-space manufacturing, production of propellant for space transportation and consumables for crewed spacecraft, compared to launching the required resources from Earth's deep gravity well. This paper discusses the top-level mission architecture and trajectory design for these resource-return missions, comparing high-thrust trajectories with continuous low-thrust solar-sail trajectories. This work focuses on maximizing the economic Net Present Value, which takes the time-cost of finance into account and therefore balances the returned resource mass and mission duration. The different propulsion methods will then be compared in terms of maximum economic return, sets of attainable target asteroids, and mission flexibility. This paper provides one more step towards making commercial asteroid mining an economically viable reality by integrating trajectory design, propulsion technology and economic modelling.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GrundmannBauerBodenetal.2019, author = {Grundmann, Jan Thimo and Bauer, Waldemar and Boden, Ralf Christian and Ceriotti, Matteo and Cordero, Federico and Dachwald, Bernd and Dumont, Etienne and Grimm, Christian D. and Hercik, D. and Herique, A. and Ho, Tra-Mi and Jahnke, Rico and Kofman, Wlodek and Lange, Caroline and Lichtenheldt, Roy and McInnes, Colin R. and Mikschl, Tobias and Montenegro, Sergio and Moore, Iain and Pelivan, Ivanka and Peloni, Alessandro and Plettenmeier, Dirk and Quantius, Dominik and Reershemius, Siebo and Renger, Thomas and Riemann, Johannes and Rogez, Yves and Ruffer, Michael and Sasaki, Kaname and Schmitz, Nicole and Seboldt, Wolfgang and Seefeldt, Patric and Spietz, Peter and Spr{\"o}witz, Tom and Sznajder, Maciej and Toth, Norbert and Viavattene, Giulia and Wejmo, Elisabet and Wolff, Friederike and Ziach, Christian}, title = {Responsive exploration and asteroid characterization through integrated solar sail and lander development using small spacecraft technologies}, series = {IAA Planetary Defense Conference}, booktitle = {IAA Planetary Defense Conference}, year = {2019}, abstract = {In parallel to the evolution of the Planetary Defense Conference, the exploration of small solar system bodies has advanced from fast fly-bys on the sidelines of missions to the planets to the implementation of dedicated sample-return and in-situ analysis missions. Spacecraft of all sizes have landed, touch-and-go sampled, been gently beached, or impacted at hypervelocity on asteroid and comet surfaces. More have flown by close enough to image their surfaces in detail or sample their immediate environment, often as part of an extended or re-purposed mission. And finally, full-scale planetary defense experiment missions are in the making. Highly efficient low-thrust propulsion is increasingly applied beyond commercial use also in mainstream and flagship science missions, in combination with gravity assist propulsion. Another development in the same years is the growth of small spacecraft solutions, not in size but in numbers and individual capabilities. The on-going NASA OSIRIS-REx and JAXA HAYABUSA2 missions exemplify the trend as well as the upcoming NEA SCOUT mission or the landers MINERVA-II and MASCOT recently deployed on Ryugu. We outline likely as well as possible and efficient routes of continuation of all these developments towards a propellant-less and highly efficient class of spacecraft for small solar system body exploration: small spacecraft solar sails designed for carefree handling and equipped with carried landers and application modules, for all asteroid user communities -planetary science, planetary defence, and in-situ resource utilization. This projection builds on the experience gained in the development of deployable membrane structures leading up to the successful ground deployment test of a (20 m)² solar sail at DLR Cologne and in the 20 years since. It draws on the background of extensive trajectory optimization studies, the qualified technology of the DLR GOSSAMER-1 deployment demonstrator, and the MASCOT asteroid lander. These enable 'now-term' as well as near-term hardware solutions, and thus responsive fast-paced development. Mission types directly applicable to planetary defense include: single and Multiple NEA Rendezvous ((M)NR) for mitigation precursor, target monitoring and deflection follow-up tasks; sail-propelled head-on retrograde kinetic impactors (RKI) for mitigation; and deployable membrane based methods to modify the asteroid's properties or interact with it. The DLR-ESTEC GOSSAMER Roadmap initiated studies of missions uniquely feasible with solar sails such as Displaced L1 (DL1) space weather advance warning and monitoring and Solar Polar Orbiter (SPO) delivery which demonstrate the capability of near-term solar sails to achieve NEA rendezvous in any kind of orbit, from Earth-coorbital to extremely inclined and even retrograde orbits. For those mission types using separable payloads, such as SPO, (M)NR and RKI, design concepts can be derived from the separable Boom Sail Deployment Units characteristic of DLR GOSSAMER solar sail technology, nanolanders like MASCOT, or microlanders like the JAXA-DLR Jupiter Trojan Asteroid Lander for the OKEANOS mission which can shuttle from the sail to the asteroids visited and enable multiple NEA sample-return missions. These are an ideal match for solar sails in micro-spacecraft format whose launch configurations are compatible with ESPA and ASAP secondary payload platforms.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GrundmannBauerBorchersetal.2018, author = {Grundmann, Jan Thimo and Bauer, Waldemar and Borchers, Kai and Dumont, Etienne and Grimm, Christian D. and Ho, Tra-Mi and Jahnke, Rico and Lange, Caroline and Maiwald, Volker and Mikulz, Eugen and Quantius, Dominik and Reershemius, Siebo and Renger, Thomas and Riemann, Johannes and Sasaki, Kaname and Seefeldt, Patric and Spietz, Peter and Spr{\"o}witz, Tom and Toth, Norbert and Wejmo, Elisabet and Biele, Jens and Krause, Christian and Cerotti, Matteo and Peloni, Alessandro and Dachwald, Bernd}, title = {Small Spacecraft Solar Sailing for Small Solar System Body Multiple Rendezvous and Landing}, series = {2018 IEEE Aerospace Conference : 3-10 March 2018}, booktitle = {2018 IEEE Aerospace Conference : 3-10 March 2018}, isbn = {978-1-5386-2014-4}, pages = {20 Seiten}, year = {2018}, language = {en} }