@article{KernSchelthoffMathieu2011,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Schelthoff, Christof and Mathieu, Moritz},
  title     = {Calculation of interception efficiencies for airterminations using a dynamic electro-geometrical model},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {New York},
  pages     = {1 -- 6},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KernSchelthoffMathieu2011,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Schelthoff, Christof and Mathieu, Moritz},
  title     = {Probability of lightning strikes to air-terminations of structures using the electro-geometrical model theory and the statistics of lightning current parameters},
  series = {Atmospheric Research. 104 (2011)},
  journal   = {Atmospheric Research. 104 (2011)},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  isbn      = {0169-8095},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KernSchelthoffMathieu2012,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Schelthoff, Christof and Mathieu, Moritz},
  title     = {Calculation of interception efficiencies for mesh-type air-terminations according to IEC 62305-3 using a dynamic electro-geometrical model},
  series = {International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP) : 2 - 7 Sept. 2012, Vienna},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP) : 2 - 7 Sept. 2012, Vienna},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {Piscataway, NJ},
  organization    = {International Conference on Lightning Protection <2012, Wien>},
  isbn      = {978-1-4673-1896-9 (E-Book) ; 978-1-4673-1898-3 (Print)},
  pages     = {1 -- 6},
  year      = {2012},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KernRothWiedmann1992,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Roth, J. and Wiedmann, J.},
  title     = {Comparison of the damage for various types of fibre reinforced composites due to different lightning test standards (MIL-STD 1757 A, German military VG-standard 96903)},
  series = {Proceedings of the 1992 International Aerospace and Ground Conference on Lightning and Static Electricity : October 6-8, 1992, Trump Taj Mahal, Atlantic City, NJ.},
  journal   = {Proceedings of the 1992 International Aerospace and Ground Conference on Lightning and Static Electricity : October 6-8, 1992, Trump Taj Mahal, Atlantic City, NJ.},
  publisher = {U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration},
  address   = {[Atlantic City, N.J.]},
  pages     = {Getr. Z{\"a}hl. : Ill. + addendum},
  year      = {1992},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KernLangWiesingeretal.1989,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Lang, U. and Wiesinger, J. and Zischank, Wolfgang J.},
  title     = {The longitudinal voltage of cable tubes with a screening mesh caused by partial lightning currents},
  series = {Proceedings / Sixth International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering : 28. August - 1. September, 1989, Westin Canal Place Hotel, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA},
  journal   = {Proceedings / Sixth International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering : 28. August - 1. September, 1989, Westin Canal Place Hotel, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA},
  publisher = {Mississippi State University},
  address   = {Mississippi State, Miss.},
  year      = {1989},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KernKrichelNeskakisetal.2001,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Krichel, Frank and Neskakis, Apostolos and M{\"u}ller, Klaus-Peter (u.a.)},
  title     = {Lightning protection design of a renewable energy hybrid-system without power mains connection},
  year      = {2001},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KernKrichelMueller2001,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Krichel, Frank and M{\"u}ller, Klaus-Peter},
  title     = {Lightning protection design of a renewable energy hybrid-system without power mains connection},
  year      = {2001},
  abstract  = {In the year 2000 a direct lightning strike to the hybridsystem without power mains connection VATALI on the Greek island Crete results in the destruction and damage of some mechanical and electrical components. The hybrid-system VATALI was not lightning protected at that time. The hardware damage costs are approx. 60,000 €. The exposed site of the hybrid-system on top of a mountain was and still is the reason for a high risk of lightning strikes. Also in the future further lightning strikes have to be taken into consideration. In the paper a fundamental lightning protection design concept for renewable energy hybrid-systems without power mains connection and protection measures against direct strikes and overvoltages are shown in detail. The design concept was realized exemplarily for the hybrid-system VATALI. The hardware costs for the protection measures were about 15,000 €. About 50\% of the costs are due to protection measures against direct strikes, 50\% are due to overvoltage protection. Future extensions, new installations, or modifications have to be included into the lightning protection design concept of the hybrid-system.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KernKrichel2004,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Krichel, Frank},
  title     = {Considerations about the lightning protection system of mains independent renewable energy hybrid-systems - practical experiences},
  series = {Journal of electrostatics. 60 (2004), H. 2-4},
  journal   = {Journal of electrostatics. 60 (2004), H. 2-4},
  isbn      = {0304-3886},
  pages     = {257 -- 263},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KernKrichel2002,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Krichel, Frank},
  title     = {Considerations about the lightning protection system of mains independent renewable energy hybrid-systems - practical experiences},
  year      = {2002},
  abstract  = {In the paper a lightning protection design concept for renewable energy hybrid-systems without power mains connection is described. Based on a risk analysis protection measures against direct strikes and overvoltages are shown in an overview. The design concept is realized exemplarily for the hybrid-system VATALI on the Greek island Crete. VATALI, not lightning protected at that time, was a victim of a lightning strike in the year 2000 causing destructions and damages of some mechanical and electrical components with costs of approx. 60.000 €. The hardware costs for the protection measures were about 15.000 €: about 50\% of the costs are due to protection measures against direct strikes, 50\% are due to overvoltage protection.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KernKloetersPferdemenges2010,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Kl{\"o}ters, Georg and Pferdemenges, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Optimised protection against lightning for the signalling and safety systems of level crossings on non-electrified railway lines},
  series = {RTR : European Rail Technology Review},
  volume    = {50},
  journal   = {RTR : European Rail Technology Review},
  number    = {2},
  isbn      = {0079-9548},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KernImaniVashianiTimmermanns2021,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Imani Vashiani, Anahita and Timmermanns, Tobias},
  title     = {Threat for human beings due to touch voltages and body currents caused by direct lightning strikes in case of non-isolated lightning protection systems using natural components},
  series = {35th International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP) and XVI International Symposium on Lightning Protection (SIPDA)},
  booktitle = {35th International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP) and XVI International Symposium on Lightning Protection (SIPDA)},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  isbn      = {978-1-6654-2346-5},
  doi       = {10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627465},
  pages     = {8 Seiten},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {For typical cases of non-isolated lightning protection systems (LPS) the impulse currents are investigated which may flow through a human body directly touching a structural part of the LPS. Based on a basic LPS model with conventional down-conductors especially the cases of external and internal steel columns and metal fa{\c{c}}ades are considered and compared. Numerical simulations of the line quantities voltages and currents in the time domain are performed with an equivalent circuit of the entire LPS. As a result it can be stated that by increasing the number of conventional down-conductors and external steel columns the threat for a human being can indeed be reduced, but not down to an acceptable limit. In case of internal steel columns used as natural down-conductors the threat can be reduced sufficiently, depending on the low-resistive connection of the steel columns to the lightning equipotential bonding or the earth termination system, resp. If a metal fa{\c{c}}ade is used the threat for human beings touching is usually very low, if the fa{\c{c}}ade is sufficiently interconnected and multiply connected to the lightning equipotential bonding or the earth termination system, resp.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KernHeidlerZischanketal.2002,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Heidler, Fridolin and Zischank, Wolfgang J. and Frentzel, Ralf},
  title     = {Lightning current distribution and coupling to control cables in power plants or large industrial facilites},
  year      = {2002},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KernHeidlerSeeversetal.2004,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Heidler, Fridolin and Seevers, M. and Zischank, Wolfgang J.},
  title     = {Magnetic Fields and Induced Voltages in case of a Direct Strike - Comparison of Results obtained from Measurements at a Scaled Building to those of IEC 62305-4},
  isbn      = {0304-3886},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {In the paper the results obtained from experiments at a modelled reinforced building in case of a direct lightning strike are compared with calculations. The comparison includes peak values of the magnetic field Hmax, its derivative (dH/dt)max and of induced voltages umax in typical cable routings. The experiments are performed at a 1:6 scaled building and the results are extrapolated using the similarity relations theory. The calculations are based on the approximate formulae given in IEC 62305-4 and have to be supplemented by a rough estimation of the additional shielding effect of a second reinforcement layer. The comparison shows, that the measured peak values of the magnetic field and its derivative are mostly lower than the calculated. The induced voltages are in good agreement. Hence, calculations of the induced voltages based on IEC 62305-4 are a good method for lightning protection studies of buildings, where the reinforcement is used as a grid-like electromagnetic shield.},
  subject      = {Blitz},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KernHeidlerZischank1998,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Heidler, F. and Zischank, W.},
  title     = {Induced overvoltages in cable ducts taking into account the current flow into earth / F. Heidler ; W. Zischank ... A. Kern ...},
  series = {Conference proceedings : 14th - 18th September 1998, [Burlington Hotel, Birmingham, United Kingdom] / organised by: School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Staffordshire University, United Kingdom},
  journal   = {Conference proceedings : 14th - 18th September 1998, [Burlington Hotel, Birmingham, United Kingdom] / organised by: School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Staffordshire University, United Kingdom},
  address   = {Birmingham},
  year      = {1998},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KernFrentzelBehrens2010,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Frentzel, Ralf and Behrens, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Simulation of the transient voltages in the auxiliary power network of a large power plant in case of a direct lightning strike to the high-voltage overhead transmission line},
  pages     = {749-1 -- 749-7},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KernDrumm1994,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Drumm, F.},
  title     = {Survey of the lightning threat for aircraft based on natural lightning data and fixed in the German Standard DIN VG 95371 / Part 10},
  series = {Proceedings of the 1994 International Aerospace and Ground Conference on Lightning and Static Electricity : May 14 - 27, 1994, Bundesakademie f{\"u}r Wehrverwaltung und Wehrtechnik Mannheim ; final report / [conference chairman Jan Luiken TerHaseborg]},
  journal   = {Proceedings of the 1994 International Aerospace and Ground Conference on Lightning and Static Electricity : May 14 - 27, 1994, Bundesakademie f{\"u}r Wehrverwaltung und Wehrtechnik Mannheim ; final report / [conference chairman Jan Luiken TerHaseborg]},
  publisher = {Bundesakad. f{\"u}r Wehrverwaltung und Wehrtechnik},
  address   = {Mannheim},
  pages     = {IX, 492 S : Ill., graph. Darst},
  year      = {1994},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KernDikta2009,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Dikta, Gerhard},
  title     = {Probability of damage of electrical and electronic systems due to indirect lightning flashes - investigation of data from German insurance companies},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {In the presented paper data collected from the field related to damage statistics of electrical and electronic apparatus in household are reported and investigated. These damages (total number approx. 74000 cases), registered by five German insurance companies in 2005 and 2006, were adviced by customers as caused by lightning overvoltages. With the use of stochastical methods it is possible, to reasses the collected data and to distinguish between cases, which are with high probability caused by lightning overvoltages, and those, which are not. If there was an indication for a direct strike, this case was excluded, so the focus was only on indirect lightning flashes, i.e. only flashes to ground near the structure and flashes to or nearby an incoming service line were investigated. The data from the field contain the location of damaged apparatus (residence of the policy holder) and the distances of the nearest cloud-to-ground stroke to the location of the damage registered by the German lightning location network BLIDS at the date of damage. The statistical data along with some complementary numerical simulations allow to verify the correspondence of the Standards rules used for IEC 62305-2 with the field data and to define some correction needs. The results could lead to a better understanding whether a damage reported to an insurance company is really caused by indirect lightning, or not.},
  subject      = {Blitzschutz},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KernBraun2014,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander and Braun, Christian},
  title     = {Risk management according to IEC 62305-2 edition 2: 2010-12 assessment of structures with a risk of explosion},
  series = {2014 International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP), Shanghai, China},
  booktitle = {2014 International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP), Shanghai, China},
  organization    = {International Conference on Lightning Protection <2014, Shanghai>},
  pages     = {1237 -- 1242},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Risk management for structures with a risk of explosion should be considered very carefully when performing a risk analysis according to IEC 62305-2. In contrast to the 2006 edition of the standard, the 2010 edition describes the topic "Structures with a risk of explosion" in more detail. Moreover, in Germany separate procedures and parameters are defined for the risk analysis of structures with a risk of explosion (Supplement 3 of the German DIN EN 62305-2 standard). This paper describes the contents and the relevant calculations of this Supplement 3, together with a numerical example.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Kern1991,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Simulation and measurement of melting effects on metal sheets caused by direct lightning strikes},
  series = {1991 International Aerospace and Ground Conference on Lightning and Static Electricity : proceedings of a conference ... held at Cocoa Beach, Florida, April 16-19, 1991 / NASA},
  journal   = {1991 International Aerospace and Ground Conference on Lightning and Static Electricity : proceedings of a conference ... held at Cocoa Beach, Florida, April 16-19, 1991 / NASA},
  address   = {Washington, DC},
  year      = {1991},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Kern1990,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {The heating of metal sheets caused by direct lightning strikes-model and measurement},
  series = {20th ICPL / International Conference on Lightning Protection, Congress-Center Casino Interlaken, Switzerland, September 24-28, 1990 = Internationale Blitzschutzkonferenz, Congress-Center Casino Interlaken, Schweiz, 24.-28. September 1990},
  journal   = {20th ICPL / International Conference on Lightning Protection, Congress-Center Casino Interlaken, Switzerland, September 24-28, 1990 = Internationale Blitzschutzkonferenz, Congress-Center Casino Interlaken, Schweiz, 24.-28. September 1990},
  publisher = {Schweizerischer Elektrotechnischer Verein},
  address   = {[Z{\"u}rich]},
  pages     = {[522] S. (getr. Z{\"a}hl.) : Ill.},
  year      = {1990},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Kern1989,
  author    = {Kern, Alexander},
  title     = {Time dependent temperature distribution in metal sheets caused by direct lightning strikes},
  series = {Proceedings / Sixth International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering : 28. August - 1. September, 1989, Westin Canal Place Hotel, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA},
  journal   = {Proceedings / Sixth International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering : 28. August - 1. September, 1989, Westin Canal Place Hotel, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA},
  publisher = {Mississippi State University},
  address   = {Mississippi State, Miss.},
  year      = {1989},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KellerRathBruckmannetal.2020,
  author    = {Keller, Johannes and Rath, Volker and Bruckmann, Johanna and Mottaghy, Darius and Clauser, Christoph and Wolf, Andreas and Seidler, Ralf and B{\"u}cker, H. Martin and Klitzsch, Norbert},
  title     = {SHEMAT-Suite: An open-source code for simulating flow, heat and species transport in porous media},
  series = {SoftwareX},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {SoftwareX},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {2352-7110},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.softx.2020.100533},
  pages     = {9},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {SHEMAT-Suite is a finite-difference open-source code for simulating coupled flow, heat and species transport in porous media. The code, written in Fortran-95, originates from geoscientific research in the fields of geothermics and hydrogeology. It comprises: (1) a versatile handling of input and output, (2) a modular framework for subsurface parameter modeling, (3) a multi-level OpenMP parallelization, (4) parameter estimation and data assimilation by stochastic approaches (Monte Carlo, Ensemble Kalman filter) and by deterministic Bayesian approaches based on automatic differentiation for calculating exact (truncation error-free) derivatives of the forward code.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KarimiButenwegToll2005,
  author    = {Karimi, Iman and Butenweg, Christoph and Toll, Britta},
  title     = {Vulnerability assessment of industrial facilities},
  series = {Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering Computing : [Rome, Italy, 30. August - 2. September 2005] / ed. by B. H. V. Topping},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering Computing : [Rome, Italy, 30. August - 2. September 2005] / ed. by B. H. V. Topping},
  publisher = {Civil-Comp Press},
  address   = {Stirling},
  organization    = {International Conference on Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering Computing <10, 2005, Rome>},
  isbn      = {1-905088-00-0},
  doi       = {10.4203/ccp.81.34},
  pages     = {34, 73 -- 75},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KalkerTollHolleretal.2004,
  author    = {Kalker, Ines and Toll, B. and Holler, Stefan and Butenweg, Christoph and Topping, B. H. V. and Mota Soares, C. A.},
  title     = {Capacity analysis of textile retrofitted unreinforced masonry},
  series = {Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Computational Structures Technology : [Lisbon, Portugal, 7 - 9 September 2004] / ed. by B. H. V. Topping ...},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Computational Structures Technology : [Lisbon, Portugal, 7 - 9 September 2004] / ed. by B. H. V. Topping ...},
  publisher = {Civil-Comp Press},
  address   = {Stirling},
  organization    = {International Conference on Computational Structures Technology <7, 2004, Lissabon>},
  isbn      = {0-948749-95-4},
  doi       = {10.4203/ccp.79.194},
  pages     = {431 -- 432},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KalkerNeumannButenwegetal.2005,
  author    = {Kalker, Ines and Neumann, M. and Butenweg, Christoph and Holler, Stefan},
  title     = {Modelling of textile strengthened masonry},
  series = {Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering Computing : [Rome, Italy, 30. August - 2. September 2005] / ed. by B. H. V. Topping},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering Computing : [Rome, Italy, 30. August - 2. September 2005] / ed. by B. H. V. Topping},
  publisher = {Civil-Comp Press},
  address   = {Stirling},
  organization    = {International Conference on Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering Computing <10, 2005, Rome>},
  isbn      = {1-905088-00-0},
  doi       = {10.4203/ccp.81.184},
  pages     = {447 -- 448},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KahmannRauschPluemeretal.2022,
  author    = {Kahmann, Stephanie L. and Rausch, Valentin and Pl{\"u}mer, Jonathan and M{\"u}ller, Lars P. and Pieper, Martin and Wegmann, Kilian},
  title     = {The automized fracture edge detection and generation of three-dimensional fracture probability heat maps},
  series = {Medical Engineering \& Physics},
  volume    = {2022},
  journal   = {Medical Engineering \& Physics},
  number    = {110},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1350-4533},
  pages     = {7 Seiten},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {With proven impact of statistical fracture analysis on fracture classifications, it is desirable to minimize the manual work and to maximize repeatability of this approach. We address this with an algorithm that reduces the manual effort to segmentation, fragment identification and reduction. The fracture edge detection and heat map generation are performed automatically. With the same input, the algorithm always delivers the same output. The tool transforms one intact template consecutively onto each fractured specimen by linear least square optimization, detects the fragment edges in the template and then superimposes them to generate a fracture probability heat map. We hypothesized that the algorithm runs faster than the manual evaluation and with low (< 5 mm) deviation. We tested the hypothesis in 10 fractured proximal humeri and found that it performs with good accuracy (2.5 mm ± 2.4 mm averaged Euclidean distance) and speed (23 times faster). When applied to a distal humerus, a tibia plateau, and a scaphoid fracture, the run times were low (1-2 min), and the detected edges correct by visual judgement. In the geometrically complex acetabulum, at a run time of 78 min some outliers were considered acceptable. An automatically generated fracture probability heat map based on 50 proximal humerus fractures matches the areas of high risk of fracture reported in medical literature. Such automation of the fracture analysis method is advantageous and could be extended to reduce the manual effort even further.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{JildehWagnerSchoeningetal.2015,
  author    = {Jildeh, Zaid B. and Wagner, Torsten and Sch{\"o}ning, Michael Josef and Pieper, Martin},
  title     = {Simulating the electromagnetic-thermal treatment of thin aluminium layers for adhesion improvement},
  series = {Physica status solidi (a)},
  volume    = {Vol. 212},
  journal   = {Physica status solidi (a)},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1862-6319},
  doi       = {10.1002/pssa.201431893},
  pages     = {1234 -- 1241},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {A composite layer material used in packaging industry is made from joining layers of different materials using an adhesive. An important processing step in the production of aluminium-containing composites is the surface treatment and consequent coating of adhesive material on the aluminium surface. To increase adhesion strength between aluminium layer and the adhesive material, the foil is heat treated. For efficient heating, induction heating was considered as state-of-the-art treatment process. Due to the complexity of the heating process and the unpredictable nature of the heating source, the control of the process is not yet optimised. In this work, a finite element analysis of the process was established and various process parameters were studied. The process was simplified and modelled in 3D. The numerical model contains an air domain, an aluminium layer and a copper coil fitted with a magnetic field concentrating material. The effect of changing the speed of the aluminium foil (or rolling speed) was studied with the change of the coil current. Statistical analysis was used for generating a general control equation of coil current with changing rolling speed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{JablonowskiKollmannNabeletal.2016,
  author    = {Jablonowski, Nicolai David and Kollmann, Tobias and Nabel, Moritz and Damm, Tatjana and Klose, Holger and M{\"u}ller, Michael and Bl{\"a}sing, Marc and Seebold, S{\"o}ren and Krafft, Simone and Kuperjans, Isabel and Dahmen, Markus and Schurr, Ulrich},
  title     = {Valorization of Sida (Sida hermaphrodita) biomass for multiple energy purposes},
  series = {GCB [Global Change Biology] Bioenergy},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {GCB [Global Change Biology] Bioenergy},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1757-1707 (online)},
  doi       = {10.1111/gcbb.12346},
  pages     = {202 -- 214},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The performance and biomass yield of the perennial energy plant Sida hermaphrodita (hereafter referred to as Sida) as a feedstock for biogas and solid fuel was evaluated throughout one entire growing period at agricultural field conditions. A Sida plant development code was established to allow comparison of the plant growth stages and biomass composition. Four scenarios were evaluated to determine the use of Sida biomass with regard to plant development and harvest time: (i) one harvest for solid fuel only; (ii) one harvest for biogas production only; (iii) one harvest for biogas production, followed by a harvest of the regrown biomass for solid fuel; and (iv) two consecutive harvests for biogas production. To determine Sida's value as a feedstock for combustion, we assessed the caloric value, the ash quality, and melting point with regard to DIN EN ISO norms. The results showed highest total dry biomass yields of max. 25 t ha⁻¹, whereas the highest dry matter of 70\% to 80\% was obtained at the end of the growing period. Scenario (i) clearly indicated the highest energy recovery, accounting for 439 288 MJ ha⁻¹; the energy recovery of the four scenarios from highest to lowest followed this order: (i) ≫ (iii) ≫ (iv) > (ii). Analysis of the Sida ashes showed a high melting point of >1500 °C, associated with a net calorific value of 16.5-17.2 MJ kg⁻¹. All prerequisites for DIN EN ISO norms were achieved, indicating Sida's advantage as a solid energy carrier without any post-treatment after harvesting. Cell wall analysis of the stems showed a constant lignin content after sampling week 16 (July), whereas cellulose had already reached a plateau in sampling week 4 (April). The results highlight Sida as a promising woody, perennial plant, providing biomass for flexible and multipurpose energy applications.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{HoeflerKneerGrossetal.2015,
  author    = {H{\"o}fler, M. and Kneer, R. and Groß, Rolf Fritz and Kehrmann, K.},
  title     = {Chemical determination of oxygen transfer rates, transfer efficiencies and interphases evoked by aeration elements for liquid flows},
  series = {Computational Methods in Multiphase Flow VIII. - (WIT Transactions on Engineering Sciences ; Volume 89)},
  booktitle = {Computational Methods in Multiphase Flow VIII. - (WIT Transactions on Engineering Sciences ; Volume 89)},
  editor    = {Vorobieff, P.},
  publisher = {WIT Press},
  address   = {Southampton},
  isbn      = {978-1-84564-946-3 (Print-Ausgabe)},
  issn      = {1746-4471},
  pages     = {89 -- 101},
  year      = {2015},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerWhiteHoff1998,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and White, D.H. and Hoff, R. W.},
  title     = {Nuclear structure of 241Pu from neutron-capture, (d,p)-, and (d,t)-reaction measurements / D. H. White ; R. W. Hoff ... F. Hoyler ...},
  series = {Physical review / C. 57 (1998), H. 3},
  journal   = {Physical review / C. 57 (1998), H. 3},
  isbn      = {0556-2813},
  pages     = {1112 -- 1133},
  year      = {1998},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerShiSchreckenbacketal.1999,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Shi, Z. R. and Schreckenback, K. and Aprahamian, A.},
  title     = {Complete spectroscopy and the 162Dy nucleus / Z. R. Shi ; K. Schreckenbach ; A. Aprahamian ... F. Hoyler ...},
  series = {AIP conference proceedings (1999)},
  journal   = {AIP conference proceedings (1999)},
  isbn      = {0094-243X},
  pages     = {237 -- 238},
  year      = {1999},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerProkofjevsBondarenko1997,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Prokofjevs, P. and Bondarenko, V.},
  title     = {Study of nuclear structure of 164Dy in (n, gamma) and(n, n' gamma) reactions / P. Prokofjevs ; V. Bondarenko ; F. Hoyler ...},
  isbn      = {1122-1437},
  pages     = {759},
  year      = {1997},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerPetkovAndrejtscheff1988,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Petkov, P. and Andrejtscheff, W.},
  title     = {Absolute E0, E1 and E2 transition rates in even-even nuclei obtained in thermal neutron capture / P. Petkov ; W. Andrejtscheff ... F. Hoyler ...},
  series = {Journal of Physics G. 14 (1988), H. S},
  journal   = {Journal of Physics G. 14 (1988), H. S},
  isbn      = {0305-4616},
  pages     = {S97 -- S102},
  year      = {1988},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerMohrStaudt1994,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Mohr, P. and Staudt, G.},
  title     = {Alpha-cluster states of 212po in a realistic potential model},
  series = {Physical review / C. 50 (1994), H. 5},
  journal   = {Physical review / C. 50 (1994), H. 5},
  isbn      = {0556-2813},
  pages     = {2631 -- 2634},
  year      = {1994},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerKesslerGreene1988,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Kessler, E. G. and Greene, G. L.},
  title     = {High accuracy, absolute wavelength determination of capture gamma-ray energies for E\&\#8804;5 MeV and the direct determination of binding energies in light nuclei / E.G. Kessler ; G. L. Greene ... F. Hoyler},
  series = {Journal of Physics G. 14 (1988), H. S},
  journal   = {Journal of Physics G. 14 (1988), H. S},
  isbn      = {0305-4616},
  pages     = {S167 -- S174},
  year      = {1988},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerHoffBoerner1996,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Hoff, R. W. and B{\"o}rner, H. G.},
  title     = {Nuclear structure of 170Tm from neutron-capture and (d,p)-reaction measurements / R. W. Hoff ; H. G. B{\"o}rner ... F. Hoyler ...},
  series = {Physical review / C. 54 (1996), H. 1},
  journal   = {Physical review / C. 54 (1996), H. 1},
  isbn      = {0556-2813},
  pages     = {78 -- 116},
  year      = {1996},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerHamadaHamilton1987,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Hamada, S. A. and Hamilton, W. D.},
  title     = {Gamma-gamma directional correlation measurements in 84Kr following thermal neutron capture by natural krypton / S. A. Hamada ; W. D. Hamilton ; F. Hoyler},
  series = {Journal of physics / G. 13 (1987), H. 9},
  journal   = {Journal of physics / G. 13 (1987), H. 9},
  isbn      = {0305-4616},
  pages     = {1143 -- 1163},
  year      = {1987},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerDrissiTercier1997,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Drissi, S. and Tercier, P. A.},
  title     = {The 112Cd laboratory - An extension : EO strengths, multiphonon states and coupled vibrations / S. Drissi ; P. A. Tercier ... F. Hoyler ...},
  series = {Nuclear physics <Amsterdam> / A. 614 (1997), H. 2},
  journal   = {Nuclear physics <Amsterdam> / A. 614 (1997), H. 2},
  isbn      = {0375-9474},
  pages     = {137 -- 182},
  year      = {1997},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerCorminboeufJolie1997,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Corminboeuf, F. and Jolie, J.},
  title     = {Kp=4+ double-gvibration in 164Dy / F. Corminboeuf ; J. Jolie ... F. Hoyler ...},
  series = {Physical review / C. 56 (1997), H. 3},
  journal   = {Physical review / C. 56 (1997), H. 3},
  isbn      = {0556-2813},
  pages     = {R1201},
  year      = {1997},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerColvinRobinson1988,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Colvin, G. G. and Robinson, S. J.},
  title     = {100Ru studied by thermal neutron capture / G. G. Colvin ; S. J. Robinson ; F. Hoyler},
  series = {Journal of Physics G. 14 (1988), H. 11},
  journal   = {Journal of Physics G. 14 (1988), H. 11},
  isbn      = {0305-4616},
  pages     = {1411 -- 1421},
  year      = {1988},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerColvinRobinson1987,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Colvin, G. G. and Robinson, S. J.},
  title     = {E0 transitions in 106Pd studied by neutron capture / G. G. Colvin ; F. Hoyler ; S. J. Robinson},
  series = {Journal of physics / G. 13 (1987), H. 2},
  journal   = {Journal of physics / G. 13 (1987), H. 2},
  isbn      = {0305-4616},
  pages     = {191 -- 204},
  year      = {1987},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerCollinsEid1989,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Collins, S. P. and Eid, S. A.},
  title     = {A search for mixed-symmetry states in the mass A approximately 50 region / S. P. Collins ; S. A. Eid ... F. Hoyler},
  series = {Journal of Physics G. 15 (1989), H. 3},
  journal   = {Journal of Physics G. 15 (1989), H. 3},
  isbn      = {0954-3899},
  pages     = {321 -- 332},
  year      = {1989},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerCizewskiColvin1988,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Cizewski, J. A. and Colvin, G. G.},
  title     = {Neutron capture on 193Ir and \&\#963;<\&\#963; SUB>max states in 195Ir / J. A. Cizewski ; G. G. Colvin ... F. Hoyler ...},
  series = {Journal of Physics G. 14 (1988), H. S},
  journal   = {Journal of Physics G. 14 (1988), H. S},
  isbn      = {0305-4616},
  pages     = {S103 -- S108},
  year      = {1988},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerCataDanilGuazzoni1996,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Cata-Danil, G. and Guazzoni, P.},
  title     = {(p,t) transition strengths for nuclei around Z = 50 and the IBA model / G. Cata-Danil ; P. Guazzoni ... F. Hoyler ...},
  series = {Journal of physics / G. 22 (1996), H. 1},
  journal   = {Journal of physics / G. 22 (1996), H. 1},
  isbn      = {0305-4616},
  pages     = {107 -- 114},
  year      = {1996},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerBoernerRobinson1988,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and B{\"o}rner, H. G. and Robinson, S.},
  title     = {Recent developments at the ILL (n,\&\#947;)-facility},
  series = {Journal of Physics G. 14 (1988), H. S},
  journal   = {Journal of Physics G. 14 (1988), H. S},
  isbn      = {0305-4616},
  pages     = {S161 -- S165},
  year      = {1988},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerBauskeArias1993,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Bauske, I. and Arias, J. M.},
  title     = {First observation of scissors mode states in an odd-mass nucleus / I. Bauske ; J. M. Arias ... F. Hoyler ...},
  series = {Physical review letters. 71 (1993), H. 7},
  journal   = {Physical review letters. 71 (1993), H. 7},
  isbn      = {0031-9007},
  pages     = {975 -- 978},
  year      = {1993},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerBalodisProkofjevs1998,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Balodis, M. and Prokofjevs, P.},
  title     = {Level scheme of 194Ir / M. Balodis ; P. Prokofjevs ... F. Hoyler ...},
  series = {Nuclear physics <Amsterdam> / A. 641 (1998), H. 2},
  journal   = {Nuclear physics <Amsterdam> / A. 641 (1998), H. 2},
  isbn      = {0375-9474},
  pages     = {133 -- 187},
  year      = {1998},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerAprahamianWuetal.2006,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Aprahamian, A. and Wu, X. and Lesher, S. R.},
  title     = {Complete spectroscopy of the 162Dy nucleus / Aprahamian, A. ; Wu, X. ; Lesher, S. R. ; Warner, D. D. ; Gelletly, W. ; B{\"o}rner, H. G. ; Hoyler, F. ; Schreckenbach, K. ; Carsten R. F. ; Shi, Z. R. ; Kusnezov, D. ; Ibrahim, M. ; Macchiavelli, A. O. ; Brinkman},
  series = {Nuclear physics <Amsterdam> / A. 764 (2006)},
  journal   = {Nuclear physics <Amsterdam> / A. 764 (2006)},
  isbn      = {0375-9474},
  pages     = {42 -- 78},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoylerAndrejtscheffPetkov1986,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich and Andrejtscheff, W. and Petkov, P.},
  title     = {A mixed symmetry or quasineutron pair interpretation of the Kpi =03+ level in 172Yb / W. Andrejtscheff ; P. Petkov ... F. Hoyler},
  series = {Journal of physics / G. 12 (1986), H. 6},
  journal   = {Journal of physics / G. 12 (1986), H. 6},
  isbn      = {0305-4616},
  pages     = {L151 -- L156},
  year      = {1986},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Hoyler1985,
  author    = {Hoyler, Friedrich},
  title     = {Microscopic and semimicroscopic analysis of the reaction 27al- (p,\#ga)24mg in the energy range between 20 and 45 mev},
  series = {Physical review / C, nuclear physics. 31 (1985), H. 1},
  journal   = {Physical review / C, nuclear physics. 31 (1985), H. 1},
  isbn      = {0556-2813},
  pages     = {17},
  year      = {1985},
  language  = {en}
}