@article{PietschKurbel1986,
  author    = {Pietsch, Wolfram and Kurbel, Karl},
  title     = {A Portable Implementation of Index Sequential Input-Output [Part 2] / Kurbel, Karl; Pietsch, W.},
  series = {Ada letters. 6 (1986), H. 3},
  journal   = {Ada letters. 6 (1986), H. 3},
  isbn      = {0736-721X},
  pages     = {6 -- 13},
  year      = {1986},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PietschKurbel1990,
  author    = {Pietsch, Wolfram and Kurbel, Karl},
  title     = {A Cooperative Work Environment for Evolutionary Software Development / Kurbel, K., Pietsch, W.},
  series = {Multi-user interfaces and applications : proceedings of the IFIP WG 8.4 Conference on Multi-User Interfaces and Applications, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, 24 - 26 September, 1990 / ed. by Simon Gibbs ...},
  journal   = {Multi-user interfaces and applications : proceedings of the IFIP WG 8.4 Conference on Multi-User Interfaces and Applications, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, 24 - 26 September, 1990 / ed. by Simon Gibbs ...},
  publisher = {North-Holland Publ.},
  address   = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
  isbn      = {0-444-88760-1},
  pages     = {115 -- 127},
  year      = {1990},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PietschKurbelLabentz1987,
  author    = {Pietsch, Wolfram and Kurbel, K. and Labentz, M.},
  title     = {Prototyping und Projektmanagement bei großen Entwicklungsteams / Kurbel, K., Labentz, M., Pietsch, W.},
  series = {Information management : IM ; Praxis, Ausbildung u. Forschung d. Wirtschaftsinformatik. 2 (1987), H. 1},
  journal   = {Information management : IM ; Praxis, Ausbildung u. Forschung d. Wirtschaftsinformatik. 2 (1987), H. 1},
  isbn      = {0930-5181},
  pages     = {6 -- 15},
  year      = {1987},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{PietschHerzwurmZander2006,
  author    = {Pietsch, Wolfram and Herzwurm, Georg and Zander, Dietmar},
  title     = {Assuring quality of QFD-education in Germany},
  series = {ISQFD'06: 12th International Symposium on QFD : Tokyo, 07.-09.2006},
  booktitle = {ISQFD'06: 12th International Symposium on QFD : Tokyo, 07.-09.2006},
  organization    = {International Symposium on QFD <12, 2006, Tokyo>},
  pages     = {1 -- 6},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PietschHerzwurm2003,
  author    = {Pietsch, Wolfram and Herzwurm, G.},
  title     = {QFD for Customer-Focused Requirements Engineering / Herzwurm, G., Pietsch, W.},
  series = {Proceedings : 8 - 12 September 2003, Monterey Bay, California, USA / sponsored by IEEE Computer Society Technical Council on Software Engineering (TCSE) ... In cooperation with ACM SigSOFT},
  journal   = {Proceedings : 8 - 12 September 2003, Monterey Bay, California, USA / sponsored by IEEE Computer Society Technical Council on Software Engineering (TCSE) ... In cooperation with ACM SigSOFT},
  publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
  address   = {Los Alamitos, Calif. [u.a.]},
  isbn      = {0769519806},
  pages     = {330 -- 338},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Pietsch1999,
  author    = {Pietsch, Wolfram},
  title     = {Risk-based Deployment of Standard Software Rollout Processes - a pragmatic approach},
  series = {QFD : transactions from the Eleventh Symposium on Quality Function Deployment, [June 12 - 18, 1999, Novi, Michigan] / QFD Institute},
  journal   = {QFD : transactions from the Eleventh Symposium on Quality Function Deployment, [June 12 - 18, 1999, Novi, Michigan] / QFD Institute},
  publisher = {QFD Institute},
  address   = {Ann Arbor, Mich.},
  isbn      = {1889477117},
  pages     = {349 -- 359},
  year      = {1999},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{Pietsch1995,
  author    = {Pietsch, Wolfram},
  title     = {Software quality management III : [... held in Seville in April 1995] / [Third International Conference on Software Quality Management]. Ed.: M. Ross},
  publisher = {Computational Mechanics Publ.},
  address   = {Southampton [u.a.]},
  isbn      = {1853123099},
  year      = {1995},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Pietsch2005,
  author    = {Pietsch, Wolfram},
  title     = {Customer-Oriented Specification and Evaluation of IT Service Level Agreements},
  series = {Software process improvement : Elektronische Ressource : 12th European conference ; proceedings / EuroSPI 2005, Budapest, Hungary, November 9 - 11, 2005. Ita Richardson ... (ed.)},
  journal   = {Software process improvement : Elektronische Ressource : 12th European conference ; proceedings / EuroSPI 2005, Budapest, Hungary, November 9 - 11, 2005. Ita Richardson ... (ed.)},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin [u.a.]},
  isbn      = {3-540-30286-7},
  pages     = {83 -- 94},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Pietsch2007,
  author    = {Pietsch, Wolfram},
  title     = {IT Service Deployment},
  series = {QFD : transactions from International Symposium on QFD 2007 - Williamsburg, the Nineteenth Symposium on Quality Function Deployment ; September 7 - 8, 2007, Williamsburg, VA ; [companion document to the Thirteenth International and Nineteenth North American Symposium on Quality Function Deployment (ISQFD'07)] / [organized and hosted by the QFD Institute]},
  journal   = {QFD : transactions from International Symposium on QFD 2007 - Williamsburg, the Nineteenth Symposium on Quality Function Deployment ; September 7 - 8, 2007, Williamsburg, VA ; [companion document to the Thirteenth International and Nineteenth North American Symposium on Quality Function Deployment (ISQFD'07)] / [organized and hosted by the QFD Institute]},
  publisher = {QFD Inst.},
  address   = {Ann Arbor, Mich.},
  isbn      = {1-889477-19-2},
  pages     = {203 -- 212},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Pietsch2013,
  author    = {Pietsch, Wolfram},
  title     = {A framework for strategic positioning of IT-products},
  series = {Software business : from physical products to software services and solutions : 4th International Conference on Software Business, ICSOB 2013; Potsdam; Germany; 11 June 2013 through 14 June 2013. (Lecture notes in business information processing ; 150)},
  booktitle = {Software business : from physical products to software services and solutions : 4th International Conference on Software Business, ICSOB 2013; Potsdam; Germany; 11 June 2013 through 14 June 2013. (Lecture notes in business information processing ; 150)},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-642-39336-5_11},
  pages     = {102 -- 116},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {IT Products are viewed and managed differently depending on the perspectives and the stage within the life cycle. A model is presented that integrates different perspectives and stages serving as an aid for the analysis of business models and focused positioning of IT-products. Four generic business models are analysed with regard to the product management function in general and the positioning field for IT-products specifically: off-the-shelf (license), license plus service, project, and system service (incl. cloud computing).},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Pietsch1995,
  author    = {Pietsch, Wolfram},
  title     = {A framework of quality function deployment},
  series = {Quality management / eds.: M. Ross ... (Software quality management ; 3,1)},
  booktitle = {Quality management / eds.: M. Ross ... (Software quality management ; 3,1)},
  publisher = {Computational Mechanics Publ.},
  address   = {Southhampton},
  organization    = {International Conference on Software Quality Management <3, 1995, Sevilla>},
  isbn      = {1-85312-309-9},
  pages     = {419 -- 428},
  year      = {1995},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Pietsch2015,
  author    = {Pietsch, Wolfram},
  title     = {Augmenting voice of the customer analysis by analysis of belief},
  series = {QFD-Forum},
  journal   = {QFD-Forum},
  number    = {30},
  issn      = {1431-6951},
  pages     = {1 -- 5},
  year      = {2015},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PalmerLindemann2003,
  author    = {Palmer, J. W. and Lindemann, Markus},
  title     = {Business models and market mechanisms : evaluating efficiency in consumer electronic markets},
  series = {Data base and advanced information systems. Bd. 34 (2003), H. 2},
  journal   = {Data base and advanced information systems. Bd. 34 (2003), H. 2},
  issn      = {0105-9912},
  pages     = {23 -- 38},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MuellerSeginWeigandetal.2022,
  author    = {Mueller, Tobias and Segin, Alexander and Weigand, Christoph and Schmitt, Robert H.},
  title     = {Feature selection for measurement models},
  series = {International journal of quality \& reliability management},
  journal   = {International journal of quality \& reliability management},
  number    = {Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print.},
  publisher = {Emerald Group Publishing Limited},
  address   = {Bingley},
  issn      = {0265-671X},
  doi       = {10.1108/IJQRM-07-2021-0245},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Purpose In the determination of the measurement uncertainty, the GUM procedure requires the building of a measurement model that establishes a functional relationship between the measurand and all influencing quantities. Since the effort of modelling as well as quantifying the measurement uncertainties depend on the number of influencing quantities considered, the aim of this study is to determine relevant influencing quantities and to remove irrelevant ones from the dataset. Design/methodology/approach In this work, it was investigated whether the effort of modelling for the determination of measurement uncertainty can be reduced by the use of feature selection (FS) methods. For this purpose, 9 different FS methods were tested on 16 artificial test datasets, whose properties (number of data points, number of features, complexity, features with low influence and redundant features) were varied via a design of experiments. Findings Based on a success metric, the stability, universality and complexity of the method, two FS methods could be identified that reliably identify relevant and irrelevant influencing quantities for a measurement model. Originality/value For the first time, FS methods were applied to datasets with properties of classical measurement processes. The simulation-based results serve as a basis for further research in the field of FS for measurement models. The identified algorithms will be applied to real measurement processes in the future.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Moosdorf2009,
  author    = {Moosdorf, Andreas},
  title     = {It's not just the Talent, it's the Knowledge Transfer Method},
  series = {GC Ticker},
  journal   = {GC Ticker},
  number    = {1},
  pages     = {16 -- 16},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{Moosdorf2008,
  author    = {Moosdorf, Andreas},
  title     = {The determinants of international knowledge transfer effectiveness - conceptual advances and empirical verification},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Mischke2009,
  author    = {Mischke, Winfried},
  title     = {Kurzkommentierung der \S\S 433, 436, 446 - 453, 474 - 479 BGB},
  series = {LexisNexis : Elektronische Ressource / Recht (2009)},
  journal   = {LexisNexis : Elektronische Ressource / Recht (2009)},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Mischke1995,
  author    = {Mischke, Winfried},
  title     = {Die Garantie im Kaufrecht},
  series = {Betriebs-Berater. 50 (1995), H. 22},
  journal   = {Betriebs-Berater. 50 (1995), H. 22},
  isbn      = {0340-7918},
  pages     = {1093 -- 1096},
  year      = {1995},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{Maercker1995,
  author    = {Maercker, Gisela},
  title     = {Efficient estimation in AR models with ARCH errors},
  publisher = {Institute f{\"u}r Mathematik, Techn. Univ.},
  address   = {Braunschweig},
  pages     = {20 Bl.},
  year      = {1995},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{Maercker1997,
  author    = {Maercker, Gisela},
  title     = {Statistical inference in conditional heteroskedastic autoregressive models},
  publisher = {Shaker},
  address   = {Aachen},
  isbn      = {3-8265-2486-1},
  pages     = {87 S.: graph. Darst.},
  year      = {1997},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{MackensteinMarsch2005,
  author    = {Mackenstein, Hans and Marsch, Steve},
  title     = {The international relations of the European Union / by Steve Marsh and Hans Mackenstein},
  publisher = {Pearson Education},
  address   = {Harlow [u.a.]},
  isbn      = {0-582-47293-8},
  pages     = {XX, 305 S.},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MackensteinJeffery1999,
  author    = {Mackenstein, Hans and Jeffery, Charlie},
  title     = {Financial equalization in the 1990s : on the road back to Karlsruhe / Hans Mackenstein and Charlie Jeffery},
  series = {Recasting German federalism : the legacies of unification},
  journal   = {Recasting German federalism : the legacies of unification},
  publisher = {Pinter},
  address   = {London},
  isbn      = {1-85567-579-x},
  pages     = {155 -- 176},
  year      = {1999},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{Mackenstein1992,
  author    = {Mackenstein, Hans},
  title     = {The European system of central banks in relation to the Deutsche Bundesbank : a comparative study of the two institutions and their political and social environment / by Hans Wilhelm Mackenstein},
  address   = {Birmingham},
  pages     = {47 Bl.},
  year      = {1992},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Mackenstein1991,
  author    = {Mackenstein, Hans},
  title     = {The role of Germany, Japan and the United States on the ECU-bond markets / Hans Wilhelm Mackenstein},
  series = {De pecunia. 3 (1991), H. 1},
  journal   = {De pecunia. 3 (1991), H. 1},
  isbn      = {1015-6283},
  pages     = {113 -- 150},
  year      = {1991},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Mackenstein2000,
  author    = {Mackenstein, Hans},
  title     = {Books Reviewed - European Democratization since 1800 edited by J. Garrard, V. Tolz and R. White},
  series = {Democratization. 7 (2000), H. 4},
  journal   = {Democratization. 7 (2000), H. 4},
  isbn      = {1351-0347},
  pages     = {219 -- 219},
  year      = {2000},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Mackenstein1999,
  author    = {Mackenstein, Hans},
  title     = {Book Reviews - Cowie, Harry, Private Partnership and Public Networks in Europe},
  series = {Regional and federal studies. 9 (1999), H. 2},
  journal   = {Regional and federal studies. 9 (1999), H. 2},
  isbn      = {1359-7566},
  pages     = {111 -- 111},
  year      = {1999},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Mackenstein1998,
  author    = {Mackenstein, Hans},
  title     = {Book Reviews - Samardzic, Slobodan and Thomas Fleiner, Federalismus und Minderheitenproblem in Multiethnischen Gemeinschaften},
  series = {Regional and federal studies. 8 (1998), H. 3},
  journal   = {Regional and federal studies. 8 (1998), H. 3},
  isbn      = {1359-7566},
  pages     = {138 -- 138},
  year      = {1998},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Mackenstein1998,
  author    = {Mackenstein, Hans},
  title     = {Book Reviews - Morass, Michael; Regionale Interessen auf dem Weg in die Europ{\"a}ische Union: Strukturelle Entwicklung und Perspektiven der Interessenvermittlung {\"O}sterreichischer und deutscher L{\"a}ndesakteure im Rahmen der Europ{\"a}ischen Integration},
  series = {Regional and federal studies. 8 (1998), H. 1},
  journal   = {Regional and federal studies. 8 (1998), H. 1},
  isbn      = {1359-7566},
  pages     = {227 -- 227},
  year      = {1998},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LindemannSchmid1999,
  author    = {Lindemann, Markus and Schmid, Beat F.},
  title     = {Framework for specifying, building and operating electronic markets},
  series = {International journal of electronic commerce. Vol. 3 (1998/99), No. 2},
  journal   = {International journal of electronic commerce. Vol. 3 (1998/99), No. 2},
  issn      = {1086-4415},
  pages     = {7 -- 21},
  year      = {1999},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{LindemannRunge1998,
  author    = {Lindemann, Markus and Runge, Alexander},
  title     = {Electronic contracting within the reference model for electronic markets},
  series = {Proceedings of the Sixth European Conference on Information Systems, ECIS 1998, Aix-en-Provence, France, June 4-6, 1998 / Walter Baets (ed.)},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Sixth European Conference on Information Systems, ECIS 1998, Aix-en-Provence, France, June 4-6, 1998 / Walter Baets (ed.)},
  publisher = {Euro-Arab Management School},
  isbn      = {849238333X},
  pages     = {44 -- 59},
  year      = {1998},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LindemannRunge1997,
  author    = {Lindemann, Markus and Runge, Alexander},
  title     = {Permanent IT-support in electronic commerce transactions},
  series = {Electronic markets : the international journal of networked business. Vol. 7 (1997), iss. 1},
  journal   = {Electronic markets : the international journal of networked business. Vol. 7 (1997), iss. 1},
  issn      = {1422-8890},
  pages     = {18 -- 20},
  year      = {1997},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KunfermannDrumm2005,
  author    = {Kunfermann, Philipp and Drumm, Christian},
  title     = {Lifting XML schemas to ontologies - the concept finder algorithm},
  series = {MEDIATE 2005 First International Workshop on Mediation in Semantic Web Services Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Mediation in Semantic Web Services (MEDIATE 2005)},
  booktitle = {MEDIATE 2005 First International Workshop on Mediation in Semantic Web Services Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Mediation in Semantic Web Services (MEDIATE 2005)},
  pages     = {113 -- 122},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KrollLudwigs2007,
  author    = {Kroll-Ludwigs, Kathrin},
  title     = {The Reform of German Maintenance Law},
  series = {The International Survey of Family Law},
  journal   = {The International Survey of Family Law},
  pages     = {85 -- 100},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{KrollLudwigs2008,
  author    = {Kroll-Ludwigs, Kathrin},
  title     = {Unification of Conflict of Laws in Europe. Matrimonial Property Regimes},
  series = {European Challenges in Contemporary Family Law},
  booktitle = {European Challenges in Contemporary Family Law},
  editor    = {Boele-Woelki, Katharina},
  publisher = {Intersentia},
  address   = {Antwerpen},
  isbn      = {978-90-5095-692-5},
  pages     = {379 -- 393},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{KrollLudwigs2017,
  author    = {Kroll-Ludwigs, Kathrin},
  title     = {Names of individuals},
  series = {European Encyclopedia of Private International Law},
  booktitle = {European Encyclopedia of Private International Law},
  publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing},
  address   = {Cheltenham, UK},
  isbn      = {9781782547228},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{KrollLudwigs2017,
  author    = {Kroll-Ludwigs, Kathrin},
  title     = {Small Claims Regulation},
  series = {European Encyclopedia of Private International Law},
  booktitle = {European Encyclopedia of Private International Law},
  publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing},
  address   = {Cheltenham, UK},
  isbn      = {9781782547228},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{KrollLudwigs2015,
  author    = {Kroll-Ludwigs, Kathrin},
  title     = {Art. 5 Rom III-Regulation (choice of applicable law by the parties)},
  series = {Rome Regulations : commentary},
  booktitle = {Rome Regulations : commentary},
  editor    = {Calliess, Gralf-Peter},
  edition   = {2nd ed.},
  publisher = {Wolters Kluwer},
  isbn      = {9789041147547},
  year      = {2015},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{KrollLudwigs2015,
  author    = {Kroll-Ludwigs, Kathrin},
  title     = {Art. 7 Rome III-Regulation (formal validity)},
  series = {Rome Regulations : commentary},
  booktitle = {Rome Regulations : commentary},
  editor    = {Colliess, Gralf-Peter},
  edition   = {2nd ed.},
  publisher = {Wolters Kluwer},
  isbn      = {9789041147547},
  year      = {2015},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KohlFreyerKraemeretal.2023,
  author    = {Kohl, Philipp and Freyer, Nils and Kr{\"a}mer, Yoka and Werth, Henri and Wolf, Steffen and Kraft, Bodo and Meinecke, Matthias and Z{\"u}ndorf, Albert},
  title     = {ALE: a simulation-based active learning evaluation framework for the parameter-driven comparison of query strategies for NLP},
  series = {Deep Learning Theory and Applications. DeLTA 2023. Communications in Computer and Information Science},
  booktitle = {Deep Learning Theory and Applications. DeLTA 2023. Communications in Computer and Information Science},
  editor    = {Conte, Donatello and Fred, Ana and Gusikhin, Oleg and Sansone, Carlo},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-031-39058-6 (Print)},
  doi       = {978-3-031-39059-3},
  pages     = {235 -- 253},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Supervised machine learning and deep learning require a large amount of labeled data, which data scientists obtain in a manual, and time-consuming annotation process. To mitigate this challenge, Active Learning (AL) proposes promising data points to annotators they annotate next instead of a subsequent or random sample. This method is supposed to save annotation effort while maintaining model performance. However, practitioners face many AL strategies for different tasks and need an empirical basis to choose between them. Surveys categorize AL strategies into taxonomies without performance indications. Presentations of novel AL strategies compare the performance to a small subset of strategies. Our contribution addresses the empirical basis by introducing a reproducible active learning evaluation (ALE) framework for the comparative evaluation of AL strategies in NLP. The framework allows the implementation of AL strategies with low effort and a fair data-driven comparison through defining and tracking experiment parameters (e.g., initial dataset size, number of data points per query step, and the budget). ALE helps practitioners to make more informed decisions, and researchers can focus on developing new, effective AL strategies and deriving best practices for specific use cases. With best practices, practitioners can lower their annotation costs. We present a case study to illustrate how to use the framework.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KnackstedtEggertHeddieretal.2013,
  author    = {Knackstedt, Ralf and Eggert, Mathias and Heddier, Marcel and Chasin, Friedrich and Becker, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {The Relationship Of Is And Law - The Perspective Of And Implications For IS Research},
  series = {ECIS 2013 Completed Research. 18},
  booktitle = {ECIS 2013 Completed Research. 18},
  pages     = {13 S.},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KnackstedtEggertHeddieretal.2013,
  author    = {Knackstedt, Ralf and Eggert, Mathias and Heddier, Marcel and Chasin, Friedrich and Becker, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {The Relationship of IS and Law - Insights into the German Online Car Registration Case},
  series = {ECIS 2013 Completed Research. 18. Proceedings of the 21st European Conference on Information Systems},
  booktitle = {ECIS 2013 Completed Research. 18. Proceedings of the 21st European Conference on Information Systems},
  pages     = {13 S.},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KnackstedtEggertFleischer2012,
  author    = {Knackstedt, Ralf and Eggert, Mathias and Fleischer, Stefan},
  title     = {The Legal Perspective on Business to Government Reporting - A Conceptual Modeling Approach and Its Application in the Financial Sector},
  series = {45th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences 2012},
  booktitle = {45th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences 2012},
  isbn      = {978-0-7695-4525-7},
  doi       = {10.1109/HICSS.2012.576},
  pages     = {2309 -- 2318},
  year      = {2012},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KlettkeHomburgGell2015,
  author    = {Klettke, Tanja and Homburg, Carsten and Gell, Sebastian},
  title     = {How to measure analyst forecast effort},
  series = {European Accounting Review},
  volume    = {24},
  journal   = {European Accounting Review},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {0963-8180},
  doi       = {10.1080/09638180.2014.909291},
  pages     = {129 -- 146},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {We introduce a new way to measure the forecast effort that analysts devote to their earnings forecasts by measuring the analyst's general effort for all covered firms. While the commonly applied effort measure is based on analyst behaviour for one firm, our measure considers analyst behaviour for all covered firms. Our general effort measure captures additional information about analyst effort and thus can identify accurate forecasts. We emphasise the importance of investigating analyst behaviour in a larger context and argue that analysts who generally devote substantial forecast effort are also likely to devote substantial effort to a specific firm, even if this effort might not be captured by a firm-specific measure. Empirical results reveal that analysts who devote higher general forecast effort issue more accurate forecasts. Additional investigations show that analysts' career prospects improve with higher general forecast effort. Our measure improves on existing methods as it has higher explanatory power regarding differences in forecast accuracy than the commonly applied effort measure. Additionally, it can address research questions that cannot be examined with a firm-specific measure. It provides a simple but comprehensive way to identify accurate analysts.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KleinLindemann1997,
  author    = {Klein, Stefan and Lindemann, Markus},
  title     = {New architectures for web-enabled EDI-applications and their impact on VANS},
  series = {Global business in practice : proceedings of the Tenth International Bled Electronic Commerce Conference BLED '97, Bled, Slovenia, June 9-11 1997},
  booktitle = {Global business in practice : proceedings of the Tenth International Bled Electronic Commerce Conference BLED '97, Bled, Slovenia, June 9-11 1997},
  editor    = {Vogel, Douglas R.},
  publisher = {Moderna organizacija},
  address   = {Kranj},
  pages     = {556 -- 573},
  year      = {1997},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KemptFreyerNagel2022,
  author    = {Kempt, Hendrik and Freyer, Nils and Nagel, Saskia K.},
  title     = {Justice and the normative standards of explainability in healthcare},
  series = {Philosophy \& Technology},
  volume    = {35},
  journal   = {Philosophy \& Technology},
  number    = {Article number: 100},
  publisher = {Springer Nature},
  address   = {Berlin},
  doi       = {10.1007/s13347-022-00598-0},
  pages     = {1 -- 19},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Providing healthcare services frequently involves cognitively demanding tasks, including diagnoses and analyses as well as complex decisions about treatments and therapy. From a global perspective, ethically significant inequalities exist between regions where the expert knowledge required for these tasks is scarce or abundant. One possible strategy to diminish such inequalities and increase healthcare opportunities in expert-scarce settings is to provide healthcare solutions involving digital technologies that do not necessarily require the presence of a human expert, e.g., in the form of artificial intelligent decision-support systems (AI-DSS). Such algorithmic decision-making, however, is mostly developed in resource- and expert-abundant settings to support healthcare experts in their work. As a practical consequence, the normative standards and requirements for such algorithmic decision-making in healthcare require the technology to be at least as explainable as the decisions made by the experts themselves. The goal of providing healthcare in settings where resources and expertise are scarce might come with a normative pull to lower the normative standards of using digital technologies in order to provide at least some healthcare in the first place. We scrutinize this tendency to lower standards in particular settings from a normative perspective, distinguish between different types of absolute and relative, local and global standards of explainability, and conclude by defending an ambitious and practicable standard of local relative explainability.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{JarkeGebhardtJacobsetal.1996,
  author    = {Jarke, Matthias and Gebhardt, Michael and Jacobs, Stephan and Nissen, Hans W.},
  title     = {Conflict analysis across heterogeneous viewpoints: formalization and visualization},
  series = {Proceedings of the 29th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 29th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences},
  isbn      = {0-8186-7324-9},
  doi       = {10.1109/HICSS.1996.493191},
  pages     = {199 -- 208},
  year      = {1996},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{JanzPeters2002,
  author    = {Janz, Norbert and Peters, Bettina},
  title     = {Innovation and Innovation Success in the German Manufacturing Sector. Econometric Evidence at Firm Level / Janz, N. and Peters, B.},
  pages     = {mimeo},
  year      = {2002},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{JanzLoeoefPeters2004,
  author    = {Janz, Norbert and L{\"o}{\"o}f, Hans and Peters, Bettina},
  title     = {Firm Level Innovation and Productivity, Is there a Common Story Across Countries?},
  series = {Problems and Perspectives in Management (2004)},
  journal   = {Problems and Perspectives in Management (2004)},
  isbn      = {ISSN 1727-7051},
  pages     = {184 -- 204},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{JanzLoeoefPeters2003,
  author    = {Janz, Norbert and L{\"o}{\"o}f, Hans and Peters, Bettina},
  title     = {Firm Level Innovation and Productivity, Is there a Common Story Across Countries?},
  publisher = {Zentrum f{\"u}r Europ{\"a}ische Wirtschaftsforschung ZEW},
  address   = {Mannheim},
  isbn      = {ISSN 1727-7051},
  pages     = {34},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{JanzLichtEblingetal.1999,
  author    = {Janz, Norbert and Licht, Georg and Ebling, G{\"u}nther and Niggemann, Hiltrud},
  title     = {Innovation in the Service Sector. Selected Facts and Some Policy Conclusions / Licht, G., G. Ebling, N. Janz, H. Niggemann},
  publisher = {European Commission},
  address   = {Luxembourg},
  year      = {1999},
  language  = {en}
}